Module7:MEASUREMENTSINFLUIDMECHANICS

Lecture1:IncompressibleFlowPartI

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Saybolt and Redwood Viscometer: The main disadvantage of the capillary tube viscometer is the
errorsthatariseduetothevariationintheheadlossandotherparameters.However,theHagen
Poiseuille formula can be still applied by designing a efflux type viscometer that works on the
principleofverticalgravityflowofaviscousliquidthroughacapillarytube.TheSaybolt viscometer
hasaverticalcylindricalchamberfilledwithliquidwhoseviscosityistobemeasured(Fig.7.1.4a).It
is surrounded by a constant temperature bath and a capillary tube (length 12mm and diameter
1.75mm) is attached vertically at the bottom of the chamber. For measurement of viscosity, the
stopperatthebottomofthetubeisremovedandtimefor60mlofliquidtoflowisnotedwhichis
named as Saybolt seconds. So, Eq. (7.1.6) can be used for the flow rate

is calculated by

recording the time (Saybolt seconds) for collection of 60ml of liquid in the measuring flask. For
calculationpurposeofkinematicviscosity(v),thesimplifiedexpressionisobtainedasbelow
(7.1.6)

A Redwood viscometer is another efflux type viscometer (Fig. 7.1.4b) that works on the same
principleofSayboltviscometer.Here,thestopperisreplacedwithanorificeandRedwoodsecondsis
definedforcollectionof50mlofliquidtoflowoutoforifice.Similarexpressionscanbewrittenfor
Redwood viscometer. In general, both the viscometers are used to compare the viscosities of
differentliquid.So,thevalueofviscosityoftheliquidmaybeobtainedbycomparisonwithvalueof
timefortheliquidofknownviscosity.

Fig.7.1.4:Schematicdiagram:(a)Sayboltviscometer(b)Redwoodviscometer.

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