arpe

Pentru alte sensuri, vedei arpe (dezambiguizare).

Ochii au ploapele unite, privirea x i nu clipesc. Vzul

este dezvoltat.Ei vad infra rosu adica vad caldura corpului.

erpii (Serpentes) sunt un subordin de reptile fr membre din ordinul Squamata. Cteva specii de erpi sunt Urechile nu au pavilioane.Serpii nu aud, ci doar simt viveninoase i toi erpii sunt carnivori.
bratiile cu ajutorul limbii.

Mirosul este foarte bine dezvoltat. Limba este lung, bifurcat i servete la miros.

Sunt apode i trtoare.

Carnivore.

Modul de via este terestru la cea mai mare parte a erpilor i acvatic la arpele de ap.

erpii, cunoscui i sub numele de odieni, sunt reptile

cu solzi a cror principal caracteristic este mobilitatea
unic a oaselor faciale, forma lung a corpului i lipsa
membrelor. Capul, trunchiul i coada sunt acoperite de
solzi duri. Partea caracteristic a scheletului unui arpe
este craniul: articulaiile maxilarelor au un ligament extrem de elastic, ceea ce le d o mobilitate extraordinar.
Astfel se explic de ce arpele i poate mica gura n
toate direciile i o poate deschide extrem de larg, reuind s nghit o prad mult mai mare dect propriul su
cap. Dinii l ajut s mute i s xeze prada, dar nu pot
mesteca, prin urmare arpele trebuie s i nghit prada
ntreag. erpii urc i coboar printre crengi, se car,
noat i se scufund cu o agilitate extraordinar, tocmai
datorit excepionalei mobiliti a coastelor i vertebrelor. erpii au aspecte foarte diferite i s-au adaptat astfel
nct triesc n aproape orice ni ecologic, excepie fcnd doar regiunile polare. Aproximativ 3 000 de specii
de erpi sunt neveninoase i i folosesc colii ndreptai
pentru a apuca i xa prada. . Dei mici la numr, erpii
veninoi sunt i ei rspndii n ntreaga lume, cu precdere n regiunile tropicale, i sunt echipai cu coli special
adaptai, pe care i folosesc pentru a injecta veninul n
prad.

2 Reproducerea
nmulirea erpilor const n depunerea oulelor n guri
n nisip, pentru protejarea i nclzirea lor. Majoritatea
erpilor depun ou, dar unii nasc pui vii. Spre deosebire de oule psrilor, cele de arpe au nveliul exibil,
pielos. Puii de arpe au un fel de dinte ascuit pe bot, cu
ajutorul cruia ies din ou.

3 Evoluia i logenia
4 Rspndirea

Anatomia
Habitat

Au schelet; Corpul conine numeroase vertebre, ecare dintre ele ataat de o pereche de coaste care,
ntr-un fel, substituie membrele, deoarece se termin cu o formaiune muscular conectat de partea
ventral, pe care arpele se deplaseaz. Corpul lung
i zvelt al unui odian nu conine niciodat mai puin
de 100 vertebre, ajungnd uneori s conint chiar
peste 500.

erpii se gsesc n absolut orice tip de mediu, de la cele

mai uscate i mai aride deerturi pn la cele mai umede
pduri tropicale. Sunt n special rspndite n regiunile tropicale i subtropicale din Africa, Asia, Australia i
cele dou Americi, pentru c aici temperaturile sunt mai
ridicate i exist o mare diversitate de specii cu care se
pot hrni. Multe specii de erpi triesc in arbori, dar al Se deplaseaz cu ajutorul muchilor. Deplasarea lor tele prefer s triasc pe sol, n mlatini sau n cmp
general este cea in zig-zag. Cu ajutorul muchilor deschis. Exist erpi marini care i petrec aproape toat
i vertebrelor, ei aproape plutesc deasupra nisipului viaa n largul oceanului. Cum reptilele au nevoie de cldeertului.
dura mediului, aria de rspndire a acestora este limitat
1

de temperatur i ele sunt din ce n ce mai puin rspndite pe msur ce ne apropiem de poli. Chiar i n zonele
cu ierni grele i perioade ndelungate de frig, exist ns
multe specii de reptile, care rezist datorit capacitii de
hibernare. Spre deosebire de multe alte animale terestre,
care produc cldura vital a corpului din energia pe care
i-o iau din alimente, reptilele nu i pot genera propria
cldur corporal. Ele sunt animale care se bazeaz pe
cldura mediului nconjurtor pentru a-i menine temperatura corpului la parametri constani. Multe specii i
petrec intervale lungi de timp fcnd bi de soare, adesea aplatizndu-i corpul, pentru a putea crete suprafaa
care este nclzit de soare. Ca urmare, reptilele i pot
menine metabolismul la un nivel mult mai sczut.

Hrana

Se hrnete cu broate, oareci, oprle, insecte i cu alti

serpi. nghite i animale mai voluminoase dect corpul
sau datorit ligamentului elastic, care leag cele dou jumti ale mandibulei i a osului patrat. n repaus acesta
are poziie orizontal. Cnd arpele se hrnete, osul are
poziie vertical, mrind cavitatea bucal. Dinii curbai
spre interior rein prada. Alunecarea hranei prin faringe
i esofag se datoreaz elasticitii acestor organe, secreei
de saliv i lipsei sternului.

n Romnia

6.1

erpi rari de dimensiuni mari

n comuna constnean Cuza Vod, n iunie 2011, a fost

semnalat un arpe, care potrivit declaraiilor martorilor,
avea cca 5 m lungime i capul de mrimea unei broate
estoase medii. Un specialist a declarat c este posibil s
e un arpe boa constrictor, adugnd c n urm cu sute
de ani a existat o astfel de specie n Dobrogea, nc se credea c aceast specie a disprut din zon. Exemplare de
mrime similar au fost semnalate periodic i n Munii
Mcinului. Cercettorii spun c ar mai exista doar cca 10
exemplare n Romnia.[1]

6.2
6.2.1

Specii din Romnia

CLASIFICARE

Natrix tessellata (Laurenti, 1768) = arpele de ap

Dolichophis caspius (Gmelin, 1789) sau Coluber jugularis caspius Gmelin, 1789 = arpele ru, arpele cu
abdomenul galben
Elaphe sauromates (Pallas, 1811) sau Elaphe quatuorlineata sauromates (Pallas, 1814) = Balaur, Balaur
dobrogean, arpele cu patru dungi rsritean
Zamenis longissimus (Laurenti, 1768) sau Elaphe
longissima longissima (Laurenti, 1768) = arpele lui
Esculap
Coronella austriaca austriaca (Laurenti 1768) = arpele de alun
Familia Viperidae
Vipera ammodytes ammodytes (Linnaeus 1758) = Vipera cu corn, Vipera cu corn bnean
Vipera ammodytes montandoni Boulenger 1904 = Vipera cu corn dobrogean
Vipera berus berus (Linnaeus 1758) = Vipera, Vipera
comun
Vipera berus bosniensis (Boettger, 1889) = Viper bosniac - prezena n Romnia discutabil
Vipera nikolskii sau Vipera berus nikolskii (Vedmederya, Grubant & Rudajewa 1986) = Vipera lui Nikolsky
Vipera renardi renardi (Christoph 1861) sau Vipera
ursinii renardi (Cristoph, 1861) = Vipera de step Renard - prezena n Romnia discutabil, unii autori
consider populaiile din Romnia ca aparinnd
subspeciei Vipera ursinii moldavica
Vipera ursinii rakosiensis Mhely, 1894 = Vipera de
fnea
Vipera ursinii moldavica Nilson, Andrn & Joger, 1993
= Vipera de step moldav

7 Clasicare
Vezi i: Lista genurilor de erpi

Infraordinul Henophidia

Familia Boidae
Eryx jaculus turcicus (Olivier 1801) = arpe de nisip,
Boa de nisip
Familia Colubridae
Natrix natrix natrix (Linnaeus 1758) = arpele de cas

7.1 Infraordinul Alethinophidia

Suprafamilia Henophidia
Familia Aniliidae
Familia Anomochilidae
Familia Boidae
Familia Bolyeridae

3
Familia Cylindrophiidae
Familia Loxocemidae
Familia Pythonidae
Familia Tropidophiidae
Familia Uropeltidae
Familia Xenopeltidae
Suprafamilia Xenophidia
Familia Anomalipidae
Familia Leptotyphlopidae
Familia Typhlopidae

7.2

Infraordinul Scolecophidia

Suprafamilia Typhlopoidea
Familia Acrochordidae
Familia Atractaspididae
Familia Colubridae (nprca)
Familia Elapidae
Familia Hydrophiidae
Familia Viperidae (vipera)

Simbolistic

arpele: este simbolul cretin al rului, al lui Lucifer, ngerul czut. Conform Vechiului Testament, arpele din
grdina Raiului a ispitit-o pe Eva s guste din pomul Cunotinei Binelui i Rului (Geneza 3:1-7), acest lucru
conducnd la cderea protoprinilor Adam i Eva din
Rai (Geneza 3:23-24).
Conform Evangheliei dup Ioan (Ioan 3:14) lucrarea de
mntuire a lui Hristos este simbolizat de arpele ridicat
de Moise n pustie. n Vechiul Testament (Numeri 21:69) se povestete cum Moise a ridicat n pustie un arpe de
bronz care scpa de la moarte pe cei care priveau ctre
acest arpe. Biblia spune c Moise a fcut asta conform
poruncii primite de la Dumnezeu.

Referine

[1] Teroare n comuna Cuza Vod: un arpe uria a bgat

spaima n localnici GALERIE FOTO | adevarul.ro

10

Legturi externe

10 lucruri interesante despre erpi, 8 iunie 2010,

Mihaela Stanescu, Descoper
De ce ne temem de erpi?, 6 martie 2008, Descoper

Top 10 Cei mai veninoi erpi din lume, 23 septembrie 2009, Nicu Prlog, Descoper
Misterul erpilor cu dou capete (FOTO), 22 aprilie
2010, Descoper
Titanoboa - ARPELE GIGANT care teroriza
Pmntul. Avea 14 metri i 1 ton!, 3 aprilie 2012,
Cristina Botezatu, Evenimentul zilei
Anatomia i ziologia erpilor

11

11
11.1

TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

Text

arpe Surs: https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98arpe?oldid=10560090 Contribuitori: Gutza, MihaitzaBot, Arado, Jean, RobotQuistnix, Orioane, Emily, RebelRobot, KlaudiuMihaila, Andrei Stroe, Strainubot, Basarab, Roamata, GEO, Parvus7, Victor Blacus, Escarbot,
JAnDbot, Minisarm, CommonsDelinker, Cezarika1, Rei-bot, DorganBot, VolkovBot, TXiKiBoT, Ommiy-Pangaeus, SieBot, Plinul cel tanar, Idioma-bot, Loveless, Dany 123, BotMultichill, Tgeorgescu, AlleborgoBot, RadufanBot, PipepBot, Gik, DragonBot, Nicolae Coman,
Ark25, OKBot, Alexbot, BOTarate, SilvonenBot, Alecs.bot, WikiDreamer Bot, Numbo3-bot, Luckas-bot, ArkBot, Danvasilis, MystBot,
Jotterbot, ArthurBot, Xqbot, Smbotin, RedBot, Almabot, Carismagic, RibotBOT, MauritsBot, Reusitu, TobeBot, Dinamik-bot, KamikazeBot, TjBot, EmausBot, ZroBot, Ionutp, Vladimir-Adrian, WikitanvirBot, Mjbmrbot, ChuispastonBot, CocuBot, MerlIwBot, Pafsanias,
JhsBot, Opas, GT, XXN, Addbot, Cristian Cirlanaru, BreakBot, XXN-bot, Mr.Gaming7D i Anonim: 56

11.2

Images

Fiier:Commons-logo.svg Surs: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg Licen: Public domain

Contribuitori: This version created by Pumbaa, using a proper partial circle and SVG geometry features. (Former versions used to be
slightly warped.) Artist original: SVG version was created by User:Grunt and cleaned up by 3247, based on the earlier PNG version,
created by Reidab.
Fiier:Gtk-dialog-info.svg Surs: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg Licen: LGPL Contribuitori: http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/gnome-themes-extras/0.9/gnome-themes-extras-0.9.0.tar.gz Artist original: David
Vignoni
Fiier:Snakes_Diversity.jpg Surs: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/Snakes_Diversity.jpg Licen: CC BY-SA
3.0 Contribuitori:
<a
href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Crotalus_cerastes_mesquite_springs_CA-2.jpg'
class='image'><img
alt=''
src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Crotalus_cerastes_mesquite_springs_CA-2.jpg/
120px-Crotalus_cerastes_mesquite_springs_CA-2.jpg' width='120' height='90' srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/thumb/7/70/Crotalus_cerastes_mesquite_springs_CA-2.jpg/180px-Crotalus_cerastes_mesquite_springs_CA-2.jpg
1.5x,
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Crotalus_cerastes_mesquite_springs_CA-2.jpg/
240px-Crotalus_cerastes_mesquite_springs_CA-2.jpg 2x' data-le-width='2800' data-le-height='2100' /></a>
Crotalus cerastes
<a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lineatus.jpg' class='image'><img alt='' src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/
wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Lineatus.jpg/120px-Lineatus.jpg' width='120' height='69' srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.
org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Lineatus.jpg/180px-Lineatus.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/
thumb/3/35/Lineatus.jpg/240px-Lineatus.jpg 2x' data-le-width='2860' data-le-height='1633' /></a>
Lamprophis lineatus
<a
href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ahaetulla_threat.jpg'
class='image'><img
alt=''
src='https://upload.
wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Ahaetulla_threat.jpg/120px-Ahaetulla_threat.jpg'
width='120'
height='89'
srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Ahaetulla_threat.jpg/180px-Ahaetulla_threat.jpg
1.5x,
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Ahaetulla_threat.jpg/240px-Ahaetulla_threat.jpg 2x' data-lewidth='568' data-le-height='423' /></a>
Ahaetulla nasuta
<a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Florida_red.jpg' class='image'><img alt='' src='https://upload.wikimedia.
org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Florida_red.jpg/120px-Florida_red.jpg'
width='120'
height='80'
srcset='https:
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Florida_red.jpg/180px-Florida_red.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.
org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Florida_red.jpg/240px-Florida_red.jpg 2x' data-le-width='720' data-le-height='479'
/></a>
Heterodon simus
<a
href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Imantodes_cenchoa_(Yasuni).jpg'
class='image'><img
alt=''
src='https:
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Imantodes_cenchoa_%28Yasuni%29.jpg/120px-Imantodes_cenchoa_
%28Yasuni%29.jpg' width='120' height='80' srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Imantodes_
cenchoa_%28Yasuni%29.jpg/180px-Imantodes_cenchoa_%28Yasuni%29.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/thumb/d/dc/Imantodes_cenchoa_%28Yasuni%29.jpg/240px-Imantodes_cenchoa_%28Yasuni%29.jpg 2x' data-lewidth='3600' data-le-height='2400' /></a>
Imantodes cenchoa
<a
href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mucrurus_sp.jpg'
class='image'><img
alt=''
src='https://upload.
wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Mucrurus_sp.jpg/120px-Mucrurus_sp.jpg'
width='120'
height='80'
srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Mucrurus_sp.jpg/180px-Mucrurus_sp.jpg
1.5x,
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Mucrurus_sp.jpg/240px-Mucrurus_sp.jpg
2x'
data-lewidth='1024' data-le-height='683' /></a>

11.2

Images

Micrurus baliocoryphus
<a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bungar_candi_120608-0343_krw.jpg' class='image'><img alt='' src='https:
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Bungar_candi_120608-0343_krw.jpg/120px-Bungar_candi_
120608-0343_krw.jpg' width='120' height='80' srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Bungar_
candi_120608-0343_krw.jpg/180px-Bungar_candi_120608-0343_krw.jpg
1.5x,
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/thumb/1/13/Bungar_candi_120608-0343_krw.jpg/240px-Bungar_candi_120608-0343_krw.jpg
2x'
data-lewidth='1500' data-le-height='1000' /></a>
Bungarus candidus
<a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kornnatter.jpg' class='image'><img alt='' src='https://upload.wikimedia.
org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Kornnatter.jpg/120px-Kornnatter.jpg'
width='120'
height='75'
srcset='https:
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Kornnatter.jpg/180px-Kornnatter.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.
org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Kornnatter.jpg/240px-Kornnatter.jpg 2x' data-le-width='1024' data-le-height='640' /></a>
Pantherophis guttatus
<a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:JBR_7494.jpg' class='image'><img alt='' src='https://upload.wikimedia.
org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/JBR_7494.jpg/120px-JBR_7494.jpg'
width='120'
height='80'
srcset='https:
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/JBR_7494.jpg/180px-JBR_7494.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.
org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/JBR_7494.jpg/240px-JBR_7494.jpg 2x' data-le-width='4256' data-le-height='2832'
/></a>
Morelia viridis
<a
href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Corallus_caninus.JPG'
class='image'><img
alt=''
src='https://upload.
wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Corallus_caninus.JPG/120px-Corallus_caninus.JPG' width='120' height='90'
srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Corallus_caninus.JPG/180px-Corallus_caninus.JPG 1.5x,
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Corallus_caninus.JPG/240px-Corallus_caninus.JPG 2x' data-lewidth='2816' data-le-height='2112' /></a>
Corallus caninus
<a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Naja_naja_juvenile_(Karnataka).jpg' class='image'><img alt='' src='https:
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Naja_naja_juvenile_%28Karnataka%29.jpg/120px-Naja_naja_
juvenile_%28Karnataka%29.jpg'
width='120'
height='93'
srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/
thumb/9/97/Naja_naja_juvenile_%28Karnataka%29.jpg/180px-Naja_naja_juvenile_%28Karnataka%29.jpg
1.5x,
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Naja_naja_juvenile_%28Karnataka%29.jpg/240px-Naja_
naja_juvenile_%28Karnataka%29.jpg 2x' data-le-width='2656' data-le-height='2048' /></a>
Naja naja
<a
href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Atheris_hispida.jpg'
class='image'><img
alt=''
src='https://upload.
wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Atheris_hispida.jpg/120px-Atheris_hispida.jpg'
width='120'
height='90'
srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Atheris_hispida.jpg/180px-Atheris_hispida.jpg
1.5x,
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Atheris_hispida.jpg/240px-Atheris_hispida.jpg 2x' data-lewidth='640' data-le-height='480' /></a>
Atheris hispida
<a
href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Ceylonese_Cat_Snake_(Boiga_ceylonensis).JPG'
class='image'><img
alt=''
src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/The_Ceylonese_Cat_Snake_%28Boiga_
ceylonensis%29.JPG/120px-The_Ceylonese_Cat_Snake_%28Boiga_ceylonensis%29.JPG'
width='120'
height='90'
srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/The_Ceylonese_Cat_Snake_%28Boiga_ceylonensis%
29.JPG/180px-The_Ceylonese_Cat_Snake_%28Boiga_ceylonensis%29.JPG 1.5x,
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/
commons/thumb/e/e7/The_Ceylonese_Cat_Snake_%28Boiga_ceylonensis%29.JPG/240px-The_Ceylonese_Cat_Snake_
%28Boiga_ceylonensis%29.JPG 2x' data-le-width='3648' data-le-height='2736' /></a>
Boiga ceylonensis
<a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Zaskroniec_(1).jpg' class='image'><img alt='' src='https://upload.wikimedia.
org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Zaskroniec_%281%29.jpg/120px-Zaskroniec_%281%29.jpg' width='120' height='82'
srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Zaskroniec_%281%29.jpg/180px-Zaskroniec_%281%29.
jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Zaskroniec_%281%29.jpg/240px-Zaskroniec_%281%
29.jpg 2x' data-le-width='350' data-le-height='238' /></a>
Natrix natrix

11

TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

<a
href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Oxyrhopus_trigeminus_in_Len%C3%A7%C3%B3is_Maranhenses_National_
Park_-_ZooKeys-246-051-g007-C.jpeg' class='image'><img alt='' src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/
1/17/Oxyrhopus_trigeminus_in_Len%C3%A7%C3%B3is_Maranhenses_National_Park_-_ZooKeys-246-051-g007-C.jpeg/
120px-Oxyrhopus_trigeminus_in_Len%C3%A7%C3%B3is_Maranhenses_National_Park_-_ZooKeys-246-051-g007-C.jpeg'
width='120'
height='87'
srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Oxyrhopus_trigeminus_
in_Len%C3%A7%C3%B3is_Maranhenses_National_Park_-_ZooKeys-246-051-g007-C.jpeg/180px-Oxyrhopus_
trigeminus_in_Len%C3%A7%C3%B3is_Maranhenses_National_Park_-_ZooKeys-246-051-g007-C.jpeg
1.5x,
https:
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Oxyrhopus_trigeminus_in_Len%C3%A7%C3%B3is_Maranhenses_
National_Park_-_ZooKeys-246-051-g007-C.jpeg/240px-Oxyrhopus_trigeminus_in_Len%C3%A7%C3%B3is_Maranhenses_
National_Park_-_ZooKeys-246-051-g007-C.jpeg 2x' data-le-width='597' data-le-height='435' /></a>
Oxyrhopus trigeminus
<a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diadophis_punctatus_occidentalis_(Mendocino).jpg' class='image'><img alt=''
src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Diadophis_punctatus_occidentalis_%28Mendocino%
29.jpg/120px-Diadophis_punctatus_occidentalis_%28Mendocino%29.jpg' width='120' height='90' srcset='https://upload.
wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Diadophis_punctatus_occidentalis_%28Mendocino%29.jpg/180px-Diadophis_
punctatus_occidentalis_%28Mendocino%29.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Diadophis_
punctatus_occidentalis_%28Mendocino%29.jpg/240px-Diadophis_punctatus_occidentalis_%28Mendocino%29.jpg 2x' data-lewidth='1024' data-le-height='768' /></a>
Diadophis punctatus
<a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Pituophis_catenifer_in_Mojave.jpg' class='image'><img alt='' src='https://upload.
wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Pituophis_catenifer_in_Mojave.jpg/120px-Pituophis_catenifer_in_Mojave.jpg'
width='120' height='90' srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Pituophis_catenifer_in_Mojave.
jpg/180px-Pituophis_catenifer_in_Mojave.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Pituophis_
catenifer_in_Mojave.jpg/240px-Pituophis_catenifer_in_Mojave.jpg 2x' data-le-width='1190' data-le-height='893' /></a>
Pituophis catenifer
<a href='//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bird-eating_snake_(7607449358).jpg' class='image'><img alt='' src='https:
//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Bird-eating_snake_%287607449358%29.jpg/120px-Bird-eating_
snake_%287607449358%29.jpg'
width='120'
height='80'
srcset='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/
thumb/8/8b/Bird-eating_snake_%287607449358%29.jpg/180px-Bird-eating_snake_%287607449358%29.jpg
1.5x,
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Bird-eating_snake_%287607449358%29.jpg/240px-Bird-eating_
snake_%287607449358%29.jpg 2x' data-le-width='900' data-le-height='600' /></a>
Pseustes poecilonotus
Artist original: Termininja
Fiier:World.distribution.serpentes.1.png Surs: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/World.distribution.
serpentes.1.png Licen: CC BY 2.5 Contribuitori: Oper proprie Artist original: User:Sarefo

11.3 Content license

Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0