58

4.4.2





4
0.0001

1
2 1

3 2 3
4

1
2 3

59

6 ()

7
1.
2.
()
3.
4.

1


=
= x

60

()x() = ()x()
C1 V1 = C 2 V2
2
V1 cm3
V2 cm3

2 3

61

1.
( ,
)
=

w CV
=

M 1000
1 (KI) 0.2 / 200
cm3 KI (K = 39.1 , I = 126.9)
200 cm 3

1000 cm 3
mol KI
KI =

mol KI = KI x
0.2 mol KI
x 0.2
=
1
mol KI = 0.04 mol
KI 1 mol 166
166 g KI
KI = 0.04 mol KI x
1 mol KI
= 6.64 g

62

2 C = 0.2 mol/dm3

M = 166 g

V = 200 cm3
w CV
=
M 1000
w 0.2 x 200
=
166 1000
0.2 x 200 x166
w=
1000
= 6.64 g
3

w=?

mol/dm3 mol g KI
166 g KI
0.2 mol KI
3
)
)
x
400
cm
so
ln
x
(
g KI = (
3
1 mol KI
1000 cm so ln
= 6.64 g


HNO3
HNO3 0.20 mol/dm3 2 dm3
0.2 mol HNO 3
)
HNO3 = ( 2.0 dm 3so ln)(
1 dm 3 soln
= 0.4 mol
x
mol
(dm3/mol)
HNO3 2 mol HNO3 0.30 mol/dm3

1 dm 3 soln
= ( 2.0 mol HNO 3 )(
)
0.3 mol HNO 3
= 6.7 dm3

63

2 HCl 0.5 mol/dm3 HCl 73 g

1 mol HCl
1 HCl = ( 73 g HCl)(
)
36.5 g HCl
mol HCl = 2 mol

mol HCl
HCl =

mol HCl
=
HCl
1 dm 3 soln
)
= ( 2 mol HCl)(
0.5 mol HCl
= 4 dm3
2
g HCl mol HCl dm 3so ln

1 mol HCl 1 dm 3
= ( 73 g HCl )(
)(
)
36.5 g HCl 0.5 mol HCl
= 4 dm3
1 NaOH NaOH 2 mol/dm3
100 cm3

64

2 (II) 3.31 (II)

0.4 / (Pb=207, N=14,
O = 16)

3 Pb(NO3)2 6.62 500

()
=
C1 V1 C 2 V2
=
1000 1000
C1V1 = C2V2

C1 , C2 = (mol/l)
V1 , V2 = (cm3)

65

3 HCl 1.0 / 20 cm3

300 cm3 /

HCl
C1 = 1.0 mol/l

V1 = 20 cm3

HCl
C2 = ? mol/l
V2 = 300 cm3

C1 V1 = C 2 V2
1.0 mol/l x 20 cm 3 = C 2 x 300 cm 3
1.0 mol/l x 20 cm 3
C2 =
300 cm 3
C 2 = 0.067 mol/l
HCl 0.067 mol/l

4 H2SO4 0.05 0.1 100

C1 = 0.10 mol/l

(V2 V1)

V1 = 100 cm3

C2 = 0.05 mol/l
V2 = ? cm3

C1 V1 = C 2 V2
0.10 mol/l x 100 cm 3 = 0.05 mol/l xV2
0.10 mol/l x 100 cm 3
V2 =
0.05 mol/l
V2 = 200 cm 3

V2 V1 = 200 cm3 100 cm3 = 100 cm3

100 cm3

66

4 H2SO4 5 / 50 cm3 100 cm3

/

5 3 mol/l 100 cm3

2 mol/l cm3

5 NaOH 2.0 / 800 cm3 100 cm3
400 cm3
. NaOH

NaOH
C = 2.0 mol/l
V = 800 cm3

. NaOH /

C1 = 2.0 mol/l

V1 = 100 cm3

C2 = ? mol/l
V2 = 500 cm3

400 cm3
mol NaOH = ?

mol NaOH = ?

67

. mol NaOH
C xV
C xV
mol NaOH = 1 1 2 2
1000
1000

2.0 mol
3
mol NaOH =
3 x100 cm = 0.2 mol
1000 cm
NaOH 0.2 mol
. mol/l NaOH
C1 V1 = C 2 V2
2.0 mol/l x 100 cm 3 = C 2 x 500 cm 3
2.0 mol/l x 100 cm 3
C2 =
500 cm 3
C 2 = 0.4 mol/l
NaOH 0.4 mol/l
6 KI 5 500
0.05 1,500

7 50 cm3 HCl 0.20 M 150 cm3

20 cm3 100 cm3 /

68

3.


() = ()

n1 + n2 + ..

= n3

C1V1 + C2V2 +.. = CV

C1 , C2 = (mol/l)
V1 , V2 = 1 , 2 (cm3)
C = (mol/l)
V = (cm3) = V1 + V2
6 (dm3) NH3 15 mol/dm3 3.4 dm3
NH3 3 mol/dm3 NH3 5 mol/dm3
6 dm3

NH3
1
C1 = 15 mol/dm3
V1 = ? dm3

NH3
2
C2 = 3 mol/dm3

NH3

V2 = 3.4 dm3

C1 V1 + C 2 V2 = C V
15 mol/dm 3 x V1 + 3 mol/dm 3 x 3.4 dm 3 = 5 mol/dm 3 x 6 dm 3

15 mol/dm3 x V1 + 10.2 mol = 30 mol

15 mol/dm3 x V1 = 30 mol 10.2 mol

19.8 mol
3
V1 =
3 = 1.32 dm
15 mol/dm
3
3
NH3 15 mol/dm 1.32 dm

C = 5 mol/dm3
V = 6 dm3

69

8 HCl 0.2, 0.3 0.7 mol/l 20, 25 5 cm3

mol/l

HNO3 27 1.4 g/cm3

25 cm3 HNO3 4 mol/dm3 50 cm3
500 cm3 mol/dm3

...

...

...

70

4.1
(41102)
4/.
. . ..

1.
2.

1.
2.

1. 250 cm3
2. 100 cm3
3. 10 cm3
4.

1 0.4 mol/dm3 250 cm3

1.

2. NaCl 1 50 cm3 NaCl

250 cm3
3. 2 2 3
4.

71

1
1.
.

2. 100 cm3 NaCl

72

3. NaCl 0.5 mol/dm3

1. NaCl 1 10 cm3
100 cm3
2.

1.