Assignment

Capacitors In Transistor Amplifiers

Submitted By : Muhammad Kashif
Roll No: 24
Submitted To: Mam Huma Malik
Date Of Submission: 26-3-2016

University College Of
Engineering And Technology,
University Of Sargodha

A capacitor blocks DC, so it can be used to pass a signal (e.g. audio, etc) without it's DC level
interfering with the DC bias of a transistor. This way the DC offset of the input signal can be at any
level and the transistor amplifier will treat it the same way.
For example, if you have one transistor with it's collector output at a DC level of 5V, and the next
transistor stage has it's base biased around 1V, directly connecting them would turn the second stage
full on all the time as the input voltage will always be too high.
If we add a capacitor in between the stages, one side can be at the 5V DC level, and the other side
can be at the 1V level, and only the AC variations pass through. This way the second stage operates
correctly.
Consider the following circuit

Waveform at c1 and c2 are

Wave form at base and collector are

Now the same amplifier circuit without capacitors is as

Its wave form is

Now with bypass capacitor

Its waveform is as

Hence capacitors are essential for a amplifiers.