Chapter 5

Drafting: Geometric Construction

Topics
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Overview
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1.0.0 STRAIGHT LINES

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Figure 5-1 Drawing a line through a given point, parallel to another line.
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Figure 5-2 Drawing a line through a given point, parallel to another line.
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Figure 5-3 Dropping a

perpendicular from a given point
to a line.

Figure 5-42
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Figure 5-4 Erecting a perpendicular from a given point on a line.

1.1.0 Bisection of a Line

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Figure 5-5 Bisecting a line.

1.2.0 Division into Any Number of Parts

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Figure 5-6 Dividing a line into any number of equal parts.



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Figure 5-7 Using a scale to lay off equal intervals on a random line.

1.3.0 Division Into Proportional Parts

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Figure 5-8 Dividing a line into proportional parts.

1.4.0 Division According to a Given Ratio

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2.0.0 ANGLES
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2.1.0 Transfer of an Angle

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Figure 5-9 Dividing a line into parts
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Figure 5-102
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2.2.0 Bisection of an Angle

Figure 5-10 Transferring an angle.

bisect(3( 
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Figure 5-11 Bisecting an angle.

3.0.0 PLANE FIGURES

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3.1.0 Triangle: Three

Sides Given
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3.2.0 Right Triangle:

Hypotenuse and
One Side Given

Figure 5-12 Constructing a triangle with

three sides given.

Figure 5-132
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Figure 5-13 Constructing a triangle with

hypotenuse and one side given.

3.3.0 Equilateral Triangle: Length of Side Given

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Figure 5-14 Equilateral triangle with a

given length of side AB.

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3.5.0 Equilateral Triangle

on a Given Inscribed
Circle

Figure 5-15 Equilateral triangle in a given

circumscribed circle.

Figure 5-162
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Figure 5-16 One method:

Equilateral triangle on a given
inscribed circle.

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Figure 5-17 Another method:

Equilateral triangle on a given
inscribed circle.
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3.6.0 Rectangle: Given length and Width

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3.7.0 Square: Given Length of Side

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length of side.
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3.8.0 Square: Given Length of

Diagonal
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3.9.0 Square in a Given

Circumscribed Circle
Figure 5-19 Square with a given
Figure 5-2022
length of diagonal.
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Figure 5-20 Square in a given

circumscribed circle.

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3.10.0 Square Circumscribed on a Given Inscribed Circle

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Figure 5-21 Square on a given inscribed

circle.

3.11.0 Any Regular Polygon

in a Given
Circumscribed Circle
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circumscribed circle.

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3.12.0 Any Regular

Polygon on a Given
Inscribed Circle
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3.13.0 Any Regular

Polygon with a
Given Length of
Side

Figure 5-23 Regular polygon on a given

inscribed circle.

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given length of side.
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3.14.0 Regular Pentagon in a Given

Circumscribed Circle
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3.15.0 Regular Pentagon on a Given

Inscribed Circle

Figure 5-25 Regular pentagon in

a given circumscribed circle.

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3.16.0 Regular Hexagon in a Given Circumscribed Circle



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Figure 5-26 One method:
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Figure 5-27 Another method:

Regular hexagon in a given
circumscribed circle.

3.17.0 Regular Hexagon on a Given Inscribed Circle

Figure 5-282
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Figure 5-28 Regular hexagon on a given
inscribed circle.

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3.18.0 Regular Octagon in a

Given Circumscribed
Circle
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3.19.0 Regular Octagon

Around a Given
Inscribed Circle
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Figure 5-29 Regular octagon in a given
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4.0.0 CIRCULAR
CURVES
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Figure 5-30 Regular octagon around a

given inscribed circle.

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4.1.0 Circle Through

Three Points
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4.2.0 Line Tangent to a

Circle at a Given
Point
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Figure 5-32 Line tangent to a given point

on a circle.

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4.3.0 Circular Arc of a Given

Radius Tangent to Two
Straight Lines
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Figure 5-33 Circular arc tangent

to two lines that form a right
angle.

Figure 5-34 Circular arc tangent to two

lines that form any angle.

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4.4.0 Circular Arc of a Given Radius Tangent to a Straight Line and to

Another Circular Arc
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straight line and another circular arc.

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4.5.0 Circular Arc of a Given Radius Tangent to Two Other Circular

Arcs
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Figure 5-36 Circular arc tangent to two

other circular arcs.

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Figure 5-37 Circular arc tangent to arcs

that curve in the same direction.

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Figure 5-38 Circular arc tangent to and

enclosing two other circular arcs.

Figure 5-39 Circular arc tangent to and

enclosing one arc and tangent to, but not
enclosing, another arc.

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4.6.0 Compound Curves

compound curve3
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Figure 5-40 Curve composed of a series of

consecutive tangent circular arcs.
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4.7.0 Reverse, or Ogee, Curve

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Figure 5-42 Reverse curve tangent to three intersecting straight lines.

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5.0.0 NONCIRCULAR CURVES

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Figure 5-43 Conic sections: ellipse, parabola, and hyperbola (left to right).
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5.1.0 Ellipse by Pin-And-String Method

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Figure 5-44 Ellipse by pin-and-string method.

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Figure 5-45 Ellipse by four-center method.



5.3.0 Ellipse by
Concentric-Circle
Method
Figure 5-462
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Method.
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