COMITE EURO-INTERNATIONAL DU BETON CEB-FIP ‘MODEL CODE 1990 DESIGN CODE J 1 Thomas Telford vw7 Ulags ca ished 9 by he Cont Earns dy hn un erm P 24090: 248-244 Seti Geter” Recomended on ea at are, See Sear eels ‘close ast Sok afm he Bh iby ne Et yin pe option ay fun wayne ay awe ee, ud Gn Euston et ta ga tenn deo Ang ty tr mg es ace et Patni Rant rT aiePREFACE ‘The CEB/FIP Mocel Code for Concrete Structures was published in 1978 Following approval by the Euro-Intenational Commitee for Concrete (CEB) at its 19th Plenary Sesion in Granads in September 1977—the publication vas associated with the Sth Congress of the Intemational Federation for Prestessing (FIP) in London in May 1978 ‘Since that time, the Model Code his had x considerable impact om the [National Codes in many counties and, more particulary, on the hat ‘onization of the eodifeation process, as exemplified by the aves of {the Commission ofthe European Communities (CEC), he Faster Coun: tres, the Nordic Bulding Regulations Commitee (NKB) and members of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA), Indeed Eucocode? ‘Design of Concrete Structures, Pat I: General Rules and Roles for Buldings used sits base reference document the Model Code of 1978; this Eurocode was reduced under th auspices of the CEC and EFTA members trough the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN), The CEB activises in its Commissions also contributed to thie work. ‘Naturally the werk of the CEB, in synthesizing reseerch findings and technical information with a view to transatigg them into practice, bas continued and at acertan stage, it became apparent that a revision ofthe Model Code could, with advantage, be undertaken, Thus the target of stablishing the firscomplete draft ofthe Model Cade 1990 wae stand the ‘CEB, together with FIP, worked towards tat goal. A Committe for the Model Code (CMC) was setup under the Chaitmanship of Profesor TP. ‘Tassios, having an Editorial Board of E, Sketrup, U. Litaner, M- Miehl- brads, J. Perchat, and E. Siviero and witha supporting secretariat, ocgin- ally i Athens and then in Copenhagen. Membership of the CMC com brsed the Chairmen ofthe vaious Permanent Commissions and certain ‘General Task Groups of CEB, designated Chairmen of FIP Committees fn numberof invited experts. ‘The fist complete draft of the Model Code 1990 was presented for consideration during the 11th Congress of the FIP in Hamburg in June 1960 and for consideration and approval atthe 27th Plenary Session ofthe CEB in Paris in September 1990. Subsequently, the Committe for the “Model Code evewed all the comments received end, acting on the basis of the Techical Reso utions of the 27th Plenary Sesion, has prodiced this ‘ebnitive version cf Mods! Code 1990 for ratification during the 28th Plenary Session of CEB in Vienna in September 1991 ‘The Model Code 1990, in ts drafting, has already influenced the codiica- tion work going on concurrently in the National and International elds ‘=a natural eflec of the inherent dissemination process occuring within and between interational and professional scientific Assocaions and will certainly inuence the future codification process, whichis & common sim of the CEB and FP. (On échalf of our two Associations we must thank all those concerned th this work for tier sustained efforts to bring the Model Code 1980 to ssuceessflconeluson. These thanks go particularly to those whe bore the ‘main burden ofthe work —the Chairmen and Ecitoral Board ofthe CMC: ‘heir enthusiasm fo, nd dedication to, the task were notable Finally bth CEBand FIP commend the Model Code 1990 or study and se to all those concerned with, and about, the desien and construction of concrete structures which are appropriate tour time and lective, efiient and eeonomie in performance and use. Roy E. Rowe, President of CER René Walther, President of FIP. dune 199INTRODUCTION Nature ofthe Motel Code ‘This document sythesiars scientific and tchnicl developments over the pst decade in he safety, analysis and design of eoneete structures. Tis Intended to serve asa batis forthe dasign of buildings and civil engineeting works in siuetural concrete using normal-weight aggregate. Some of the detailed provisions given are only applicable under specified condition, “This Model Cods dees not attempt to cover pariclar types of civ engineering works (bidues, reservoirs, olfshore sructues) nor docs Include provisions against certain actions (semi, impact or fh, these subjects being treated slewhere in specife CEB Bulletins and FIP Publications By virue of its international character, than most rational Codes and, sine 15a ‘more detail to aid the drafters of those Simplifying within thei known constant "Nevertheless, it fs meant to be opecatonal with or without such further simplieations’ In this regard the following breakdown of is content will be useful is document is more general | Model Code, it provides foal Codes in their task of '— Chapters1-3 contain basic information seving both as founds tion forthe subsequent chapters and asa source of data generally applicable in elds not dieely covered by the Model Code. They ‘his provide an essential databank forthe designer anda basis for Further development. — Chapters 410 form the main operational pat including specie Provisiors for the design of coneret structures, — Chaprers' 11-14 relate primarily to the constuction phase though additional sections on the design of precast structs 3 also included here, The appendices ace technical sections associated with the appica- tion of this Model Code or for general use While this Model Code may be wed as 0 aris for future harmonization of regulatory documents, some of its more imosatie contents may, afer further ‘allvation, need editonal elaboration and tis actly vl be continuing ‘whi CEB, with the outcome belng appropriately published. 11 1 be mote that the treatment of plain concrete i not fully giver ‘The format of toe Model Code follows the CEB-FIP tradition. = Ontheright-hand side, the txt—the main provisions are presented in the lopcal sequence of topic. Siustral requirements are Stated flowed by the relevant design eieria Le. sppropeate fengineerig models andjor design rules: theit application ie imended to schieve the satisfaction of the relevant structural requirement. However, the flllment of the requirement may sliernatively be achieved by means of models otter than those tives in the Code, provided thatthe designer fe satisfied that aadequatesubstantatng and well founded evidence exists for then inthe international iteratuce = On the fe-hand side, te conmenss— explanations of provisions, particular sketches, alternative simplifed rules, indicative numer fal values, short justifications of options on the eight-hand sie, ross reences to clauses of this Code or other relevant Tn this connection the Model Code makes use of the following reference doctmentsCEB-Dulletin d'information 124/125 (1978): Intenationet System of Unified Standard Codes of Practice in Srastures, Volume I: Common United Rules for Different Types of Construction and Materials (Joint Commitee on Structural Satety-JCSS) CEB-Buletin d'toformation 191 (1988): General Principles ‘on Reliability Tor Structures ~ A commentary on {SO 2594 approved by the Plenum ofthe Joint Committee on Steue- coral Safety. To the application uf Win Met Code i assumed tnt an adequately high quality asucance levels maintained over the desipn and consteution process thus — design is carried out by appropriately qualified and experienced ronnel, depending on the importance and complexity of the seusture being designed, additional qualiteaionsandfor design ‘chess may be needed “construction materials and components are produced and used as specified in the standards and recommencations, — constretion is eacried out by appropriately qualified and experi- nocd personnel; depending on the importance and compenty Of the dructure, the Quality Management System vill fine required skill and experience of staf, supervision procedures ete: — the ucueture, during its intended ie, is used a foreseen in the design documents and itis ppropriaiely maintained Background ‘The synthesis of experience and research output and is translation into practical documents for dasign hss ben the vocation ofthe CEB sine its ¢slablshment the long teadition of publication of sch guidance Bul Guides, Mantas) periodically culminated in the production of Code ‘Recommendations, 1964 and 1970, and, particularly, with the CEB-FIP Model Code 1978, ‘The impact of MC 78 was very considerable ineluding its dcet applic tion in one frm or aber in some wenty-five national and regional Codes Sinee 1978, tae Model Code ha aided the harmonization of the cocifica: tion process as exemplified by the acvtes of the Commission of the European Communities (CEC), the Eastern Counties, the Nowdie Balding Regulations Committee (NKB) and members ofthe European Free Trade ‘Association EFTA). Indeed Furccode 2 ‘Design of Concrete Strutires, Part I: Generel Rules and Rules for Buildings" used as its base reference ocament the Model Cade 1978 With furtiee development inthe understanding ofthe performance of ‘onetete and the means ofimpeoving analytical and design techniques (0 ‘reflect that understanding, the contining work of CEB led naturally tothe need to conser revising the existing Model Code. The procedure to be adopted was defined afer much preliminary work, and following debates inthe CEB Administative Council nd Plenary Sessions, which culiinated in the setting up of a ‘Committe for the Model Code 1990, witha remit and time scale under the Chairmanship of Profestor TP. Tassos. This wes in May 1987 with the Commitee constttes a follows J. Appleton, T. Balogh 3. Calavera, J. Eibl, M. Faris, H. Hilsdorf, M. Kavptchine, G. iOnig. F- Levi, U. Litmer, G. Macchi He Maton, Mi Michlbradt_ H.R. Millar J. Berchet, U. Quos P. Regan, 3. Rostam, E. Sivier, E. Sketirup, G. Somerville, G. Thislen, B. Westerberg, M. Wiske, Ev afela member: RE Rowe.Y, Sallard, Re Molzahn (until October 1989), R, Tewes (Since November 1385), Expects imvited bythe Council who participated were MA. Chiorino, R. Eligehausen, R. Favee, B. Grasset, P. Matt, M. Menegots J. Sehlach, J. Walraven, E. Waife ‘The work of CHC 90 and its Editorial Board led tothe fist complete draft of MC 90 (CEB-Buletins d'Taformation 195 and 196), which was ‘Steulated for conments by the National Delegations members of the CEB. These somments were compiled snd, togel the ina eactiozs ofthe CMC to them, appeared in Bulletin 198, a8 an ‘Addendum tothe Fest Draft. All ofthis material was discussed at the 27th Plenary Sesion ic Paris in 1990. ‘Tae Penary Sesion approved the Model Code subject to certain agreed -modieations end instrocted the CMC to salze the document vnder the Authority of the Administrative Council. All the comments have been aefuly considered by the CMC, at its meetings and those of is Editorial ‘Board, an the fil text has bees achieved on a consensus basis within the Commitee, “Thus after five years of cootinuovs effort the final version of CEB-FIP ‘Model Code 1990;as published in Bulletins 203, 204 and 2 for ratica- tion a the 28th Penary Sesion in Vienna, September 1991. cis worth notisg that with the publication of both Eurocode 2 andthe ‘Model Code 1990-at about the same time the later will be of special interest and valuein commenting onthe use of the former during the tial etd Main innovative aspects ‘Broader fel of application. The CEB-FIP MC 0 has cortin charset, 4) Initscomept and generality, it cover diferent types of structure aswellasbuildings. The general content of ts chaptes has a more fundameatal character and is performance orientate, 1) The fundamental character of the contents covers 1) the description of the mechanical behaviour of reinficed conenste, the materials aad ther composite behaviour, 4) coherent framework for the subsequent chapters withappro- rate simplifeatons of the basie models: and enables designer of exceptional structures, or coping with ‘espn situations not covered by this Code, to apply these basic ‘models with confidence but, obvious}, with appropriate judge Hence, MC90isinended to be operon! for normal design stations Extenve presentation of properties of concrete. 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