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December 2012 Pnle Pearls of Success Part 3: Community Health Nursing
December 2012 Pnle Pearls of Success Part 3: Community Health Nursing
SECONDARY
LEVEL
TERTIARY
LEVEL
Health
Promotion and
Illness
Prevention
Prevention of
Complications
thru Early Dx
and Tx
Prevention of
Disability, etc.
When
hospitalization
is
deemed
necessary and
referral is
made to
emergency
(now district),
provincial or
regional or
private
hospitals
When highlyspecialized
medical care is
necessary
referrals are
made to
hospitals and
medical center
such as PGH,
PHC, POC,
National Center
for Mental
Health, and other
govt private
hospitals at the
municipal level
Provided at
Health
care/RHU
Brgy. Health
Stations
Main Health
Center
Community
Hospital and
Health Center
Private and
Semi-private
agencies
Bayabas
Psidium quajava
Bawang
Allium sativum
Yerta Buena
Mentha cordifelia
Sambong
Akapulko
Blumea
balsanifera
Cassia alata
Niyog niyogan
Quisqualis indica
Tsaang Gubat
Carmona resuta
Ampalaya
Mamordica
charantia
F. Homemade Oresol
A volume or one liter
homemade oresol
Water 1000 ml. or 1 liter
Sugar
8 teaspoon
Salt
1 teaspoon
Plant Name
Lagundi
Scientific Name
Vitex negundo
Ulasimang Bato
Peperonia
pellucida
Indications
Asthma, cough,
colds & fever
Pain and
inflammation
Gout
Arthritis
Rheumatism
E. Herbal Plants
Diarrhea
Toothache
Mouth and wound
wash
HPN
Toothache
Same as Lagundi
except asthma
Edema
Diuretic
All forms of skin
diseases
Intestinal
Parasitism
(Nematodes)
Diarrhea
Infantile colic
(Kabag)
Dental caries
Type II Diabetes
(NIDDM)
POSSIBLE TOPICS ON COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING FOR THE UPCOMING DECEMBER 2012 PNLE
*Patterned on the previous board exams from December 2006 December 2011 the purpose of this note is to GUIDE students
on the possible topics that might be part of the upcoming Dec. 2012 PNLE
Summary Table
Composed of Health Program Accomplish
and Morbidity Diseases
The Monthly Consolidation Table (MCT)
FHSIS Reporting
Monthly Form
1. Program report (M1)
2. Morbidity report (M2)
Prepare by Midwife
Every 2nd week of the month is the
submission
Quarterly Form
1. Program report (Q1)
2. Morbidity report (Q2)
Prepared by Nurse
Every 3rd week of the succeeding quarter
month is the submission
Annual Form
1. ABHS report
Contains data on demographic,
environmental and natality.
Prepare by Midwife
Every 2nd week of January is the
submission
2. A1: Report on vital statistics: demographic,
environmental, natality and mortality.
3. A2: Lists all diseases and their occurrence in
the municipality/city. The report is broken
down by age and sex.
4. A3: All deaths occurred in the
municipality/city. The report is also broken
down by age and sex
Prepared by Nurse
Every 3rd week of January is the
submission
1000
100
100
1000
1000
1000
1000
100
I. Health Indicators
Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Overall total reported births per
1000 population
POSSIBLE TOPICS ON COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING FOR THE UPCOMING DECEMBER 2012 PNLE
*Patterned on the previous board exams from December 2006 December 2011 the purpose of this note is to GUIDE students
on the possible topics that might be part of the upcoming Dec. 2012 PNLE
Household
Burial
Deposited in 1m x
1m deep pits covered
with soil, located 25
m. away from water
supply
Community
Sanitary landfill or
controlled tipping
Excavation of soil
deposition of refuse and
compacting with a solid
cover of 2 feet
Incineration
Open burning
Animal feeding
Composting
Grinding
and
disposal sewer
Level II
Communal faucet
system or stand
posts
A protected
well or a
developed
spring with
an outlet but
without a
distribution
system for
rural areas
where
houses are
thinly
scattered.
A system composed
of a source, a
reservoir, a piped
distribution network
and communal
faucets, located at
not more than 25
meters from the
farthest house in
rural areas where
houses are clustered
densely.
Level III
Waterworks
system or
individual house
connections
A system with a
source, a reservoir,
a piped distributor
network and
household taps
that is suited for
densely populated
urban areas.
DOH PROGRAMS
EXPANDED PROGRAM ON IMMUNIZATION
Law: PD 996
Vaccine
BCG
1. I
2. SE
DPT
OPV
HBV
MV
Level 2
On site toilet
facilities of the
water carriage
type with water
sealed and
flushed type with
septic vault/tank
disposal
facilities.
Level 3
Water carriage
types of toilet
facilities
connected to
septic tanks
an/or to
sewerage
system to
treatment
plant.
Dosage
# of Doses to
complete
immunization
.05 ml
.1 ml
.5 ml
2-3 gtts
<10 y/o: .5
>10 y/o: 1
.5 ml
1 dose
1 dose
3 doses
3 doses
3 doses
1 dose
Type of Vaccine
Storage Temp.
OPV
Measles
Hepa B
DPT
Tetox
BCG
-15 to -25 C
At the freezer
8 hours
2 to 8 C
Body of
refrigerator
4 hours
POSSIBLE TOPICS ON COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING FOR THE UPCOMING DECEMBER 2012 PNLE
*Patterned on the previous board exams from December 2006 December 2011 the purpose of this note is to GUIDE students
on the possible topics that might be part of the upcoming Dec. 2012 PNLE
Causative Agent
Mode of
Transmission
Tuberculosis
Primary
Complex is
less than 3
years old
Mycobacterium
Tuberculosis
Droplet Infection
( inhalation of
bacilli from patient
who coughs and
sneeze)
- any child
who does not
return to
normal health
after measles
or whooping
cough.
Most
hazardous
period:
first 6-12
months
after
infection
Highest in
risk of
developin
g: under 3
years old
Clinical
Manifestation
General
weakness
Loss of
weight,
cough and
wheeze
which does
not respond
to antibiotic
therapy.
Fever and
night sweat
Abdominal
swelling
with a hard
painless
mass and
free fluid
Hemoptysis
and chest
pain
Painful firm
or soft
swelling in a
group of
superficial
lymph
nodes.
Reservoir
Diagnostic
Exam
Treatment
Man
And
Diseased
Cattle
(Bovine
TB)
Sputum
Exam
3 sample
are taken
with 24 hrs:
- spot
sample (1st
visit)
- early
morning
specimen
- spot
sample
(2nd visit)
Note: at
least 2
sample are
positive
DOTS
- patient is
required to take
the Ant-Tb drugs
in the presence of
a health care
provider to
ensure
compliance to
treatment
regimen
Chest
Xray
Mantoux
Test
- .1 cc
injection of
PDD and
48-72 hours
reading
* 10 mm +
5 mm +
(HIV pt.)
Anti-TB drugs:
(RIPES)
Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
Streptomycin
Nursing
Implication
Pointers for
teaching on
Anti-TB drugs:
Rifampicin:
taken befor
meals, causes
red urine urine
Isoniazide:
causes
peripheral
neuritis, given
with Vit.B6
Pyrazinamide:
cause
hyperurucemia
Ethambutol:
causes optic
neuritis/
blurring of
vision
Streptomycin:
cause tinnitus,
loss of hearing
balance, damage
to 8th cranial
nerve
Note: After 2-4
weeks of
treatment,
patient is no
longer
contagious
II
III
IV
Type of TB Patient
Treatment
Intensive Phase
2 RIPE
2 RIPES /1 RIPE
2 RIP
Refer to
or DOTS
to City
Regimen
Continuation
Phase
Total Period
4 RI
6 mos.
5 RIE
8 mos.
4 RI
6
mos.
Specialized
Plus Center
Provincial
Coordinator
facility
refer
NTP
POSSIBLE TOPICS ON COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING FOR THE UPCOMING DECEMBER 2012 PNLE
*Patterned on the previous board exams from December 2006 December 2011 the purpose of this note is to GUIDE students
on the possible topics that might be part of the upcoming Dec. 2012 PNLE
Danger Sign
Pneumonia Classification
POSSIBLE TOPICS ON COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING FOR THE UPCOMING DECEMBER 2012 PNLE
*Patterned on the previous board exams from December 2006 December 2011 the purpose of this note is to GUIDE students
on the possible topics that might be part of the upcoming Dec. 2012 PNLE
POSSIBLE TOPICS ON COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING FOR THE UPCOMING DECEMBER 2012 PNLE
*Patterned on the previous board exams from December 2006 December 2011 the purpose of this note is to GUIDE students
on the possible topics that might be part of the upcoming Dec. 2012 PNLE
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Cholera
Other names:El tor
Fecal-oral route 5 Fs
Incubation Period: Few hours to 5 days; Usually 3
days
Pathognomonic Sign: Rice watery stool
Diagnostic Test: Stool culture
Treatment:Oral rehydration solution (ORESOL) IVF
Drug-of-Choice: tetracycline (use straw; can cause
staining of teeth). Oral tetracycline should be
administered with meals or after milk.
Shistosomiasis
Other Names: Snail Fever Bilharziasis
Endemic in 10 regions and 24 provinces High
prevalence: Regions 5, 8, 11
Contact with the infected freshwater with cercaria and
penetrates the skin
Diarrhea Bloody stools (on and off dysentery)
Malaria
Plasmodium Parasites: Vivax Falciparum (most fatal;
most common in the Philippines)
Bite of infected anopheles mosquito Night time biting
High-flying
Rural areas Clear running water
Malarial Smear best time to get the specimen is at
height of fever because the microorganisms are very
active and easily identified
Chemoprophylaxis: only chloroquine should be given
(taken at weekly intervals starting from 1-2 weeks
before entering the endemic area). In pregnant women,
it is given throughout the duration of pregnancy.
Treatment:
1. QUININE oldest drug used to treat malaria; from
the bark of Cinchona tree; ALERT: Cinchonism
quinine toxicity
2. CHLOROQUINE
3. PRIMAQUINE sometimes can also be given as
chemoprophylaxis
4. FANSIDAR combination of pyrimethamine and
sulfadoxine
CLEAN Technique
*Insecticide treatment of mosquito net
*House Spraying (night time fumigation)
*On Stream Seeding construction of bio-ponds for
fish propagation (2-4 fishes/m2 for immediate impact;
200-400/ha. for a delayed effect)
*On Stream Clearing cutting of vegetation
overhanging along stream banks
*Avoid outdoor night activities (9pm 3am)
*Wearing of clothing that covers arms and legs in the
evening*Use mosquito repellents
*Zooprophylaxis typing of domestic animals like the
carabao, cow, etc near human dwellings to deviate
mosquito bites from man to these animals Intensive
IEC campaign
POSSIBLE TOPICS ON COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING FOR THE UPCOMING DECEMBER 2012 PNLE
*Patterned on the previous board exams from December 2006 December 2011 the purpose of this note is to GUIDE students
on the possible topics that might be part of the upcoming Dec. 2012 PNLE