Telaah Ilmiah

HYPERTENSIVE RETINOPATHY

Oleh
Risha Meilinda M., S.Ked

Pembimbing
dr. H. A. K. Ansyori, Sp.M (K), M.Kes., MARS

DEPARTEMEN ILMU KESEHATAN MATA

RSUP DR. MOHAMMAD HOESIN PALEMBANG
FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS SRIWIJAYA
2016

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
Judul Telaah Ilmiah
Hypertensive Retinopathy

Oleh:
Risha Meilinda M., S.Ked
04054821517065

Referat ini diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu tugas dalam mengikuti
Kepaniteraan Klinik Senior di Bagian Ilmu Kesehatan Mata RSUP Dr.
Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya
periode 30 Juni 2016 s.d 08 Agustus 2016.
Palembang,

Juli 2016

dr. H. A. K. Ansyori, Sp.M (K), M.Kes., MARS

ii

KATA PENGANTAR
Puji dan syukur penulis ucapkan kehadirat Tuhan Yang Maha Esa karena
atas rahmat dan berkat-Nya, telaah ilmiah yang berjudul Hypertensive
Retinopathy ini dapat diselesaikan tepat waktu. Telaah ilmiah ini dibuat untuk
memenuhi salah satu syarat ujian kepaniteraan klinik senior di Bagian Ilmu
Kesehatan Mata RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Sriwijaya.
Penulis juga ingin menyampaikan terima kasih kepada dr. H. A. K. Ansyori,
Sp.M (K), M.Kes., MARS atas bimbingan beliau sehingga penulisan telaah ilmiah
ini menjadi lebih baik. Penulis menyadari masih banyak kekurangan dan
kekeliruan dalam penulisan telaah ilmiah ini. Oleh karena itu, saran dan kritik
yang membangun sangat penulis harapkan untuk penulisan yang lebih baik di
masa yang akan datang.

Palembang,

Juli 2016

Penulis

iii

DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ..............................................................................................i
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ...............................................................................ii
KATA PENGANTAR ...........................................................................................iii
DAFTAR ISI .........................................................................................................iv
DAFTAR GAMBAR..............................................................................................v
DAFTAR TABEL..................................................................................................vi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN......................................................................................1
1.1

Latar Belakang................................................................................................2

1.2

Tujuan ............................................................................................................2

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ...........................................................................3

Anatomi dan Fisiologi Mata.....................................................................................3
Fisiologi Pembentukan Akuos Humor.....................................................................8
gggg........................................................................................................................10
BAB III NORMAL TENSION GLAUCOMA...................................................12
2.4.1 Definisi..........................................................................................................12
2.4.2 Epidemiologi.................................................................................................12
2.4.3 Faktor Risiko.................................................................................................12
2.4.4 Patofisiologi..................................................................................................13
2.4.5 Tatalaksana....................................................................................................14
BAB IV KESIMPULAN.....................................................................................25
DAFTAR PUSTAKA............................................................................................26

DAFTAR GAMBAR

iv

Gambar

Halaman

Anatomi Kelopak Mata............................................................................................3

Anatomi Sistem Lakrimalis......................................................................................4
Anatomi Bola Mata..................................................................................................
Lapisan Kornea........................................................................................................
Lapisan Retina..........................................................................................................
Bola Mata dan Otot Ekstraokular.............................................................................
Aliran Humor Akuos................................................................................................
Drainase Humor Akuos dan Komposisinya...........................................................
Fisiologi Melihat....................................................................................................
Patofisiologi Glaukoma..........................................................................................
Argon Laser Trabeculoplasty.................................................................................
Parasintesis kornea.................................................................................................
Flap Tenon dan Superior rectus bridle suture........................................................
Limbal Based Conjungtival Flap...........................................................................
Tahapan Scleral Flap.............................................................................................
Sklerostomi............................................................................................................
Bleb Konjungtiva Difus dan Lokal........................................................................

DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel

Halaman

Faktor risiko Normal Tension Glaucoma...............................................................13

Antagonis Beta Adrenergik Non Selektif...............................................................16
Antagonis Beta Adrenergik Selektif.......................................................................
Agonis alfa-2 adrenergik........................................................................................
Inhibitor Karbonat Anhidrase.................................................................................
Golongan Prostaglandin.........................................................................................
v

vi