INTRODUCTION

The study of cell was highly dependent on the development of new

instruments and technologies due to the very small size of the subject
matter. Consequently, it was difficult to learn about cell and molecular
biology without also learning about the technology used in the research
and experimental processes.
The light microscope was the earliest toll developed in the studied of cell
and continued to play an important role in our elucidation of cellular
structure. Microscope were instruments that produced an enlarged image
of an object. The image formed when a light source, which may be
external to the microscope or build into its base focused on the specimen
through a series of lenses. The compound light microscope was used for
examining small or thinly sliced section of objects under magnification
that was higher than that of the dissecting microscope was designed to
study entire objects in three dimensions at low magnification.
The quality of an image observed through a microscope depended on
contrast and resolution. Contrast is the difference in appearance between
adjacent parts of an object or between an object and its background. To
improve contrast, microbiologist use stains or dyes that bind to cellular
structured and absorbed light. The resolving power of a microscope can be
defined in terms of the ability to see two neighbouring points in the visual
field as two distinct entities. The resolution attained by a microscope is
limited by diffraction of light and the sized of the wavelengths of the light
source.