Solutions Manual Elements of Electromagnetics FIFTH EDITION Matthew N.O. Sadiku Prairie View A&M University Prepared by: Sudarshan Nelatury Pennsylvania State University ‘New York Oxford Oxford University Press 2010Oxford University Pres, Ine, publishes works that further Oxford Universiy's ‘objective of excellence in research, schelarship, and education (Oxford New York ‘Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong. Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid. Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi» Shanghai Taipe! Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria. Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Grosce Guntemala Hungary tly Japan Poland Portugal. 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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publicaton Data ISBN 978-0-19.973376-7 Printing number: 98 765432 ned inthe United States of America ‘on cid-fre paperContents Exercise Solutions (Chapters 1-14) Problem Solutions (Chapters 1-14)Eid A+B =(1,0,3)+ (5,2,-6) = (6,2,-3) [A+ Bl=V36+449 =7 5A-B =(5,0,15)-(5,2,-6) = (0,-2,21) ‘The component of A along a, is Ay=Q 3A +B =(3,0,9)+(5,2,-6) = (8,2,3) A unit vector parallel to this vector is 82,3) Yeasaed +(0.9117a, +0.2279a, +0.3419a,) P.E.1.2 (a) 1, =a,-34,+5a, a, +84, y +80, (&) The distance vector is Fon = Fao = (0,3,8)—(2,4,6)= (©) The distance between Q and R is Yop = V44144 =3 P.E.1.3 Consider the figure shown on the next page: 40 Mz = Up + My = 3500, Ble +a,) = 378.284, +28.28a, kev/hr or 4, =379.32175.72 km/hr Where up = velocity of the airplane in the absence of wind wind velocity u, = observed velocityPEL Using the dot product, 0080 yp = AsB AB PLEAS @E, =(E-a,)a, = “it =~ 0.28374, +0.7092a, ~ 0.3546a, 4, 4, (ExF=|0 3 4|=(55,16,-12) a+6+c=0 showing that a, b, and c form the sides of a triangle. a-b=0, hence it is a right angle triangle. Area = faxt| = bxcl= Heeli | i j 1 1 (b) rp =r Alte, - tm) =(1,2,-3)+ A 5,-2.8) Prob.1.1 = (1-54,2-24,-3 +84). | (c) The shortest distance is d= PP, sind =|P.P, xay,,| 16 -3 “Yes -2 1 = Fits = 5. r= (-3,2,2)-(2,4,4) = (-5,-2,-2) Prob. 1.2 Prob. 1.3 (5,-2,-2) | Vas+a44 4a, —Sa, +a = ~0,8704a, ~ 0.34824, - 0.34824, | top = 4a, Sa, +a, = 0.6172a, -0.715a, +0.1543a, VI6+25+1 A+B =2-0420=22 la, a, y a, | AxB=|2 0 5|=(15,-3,-6) 1-304 | Ax B|+4-B = 15? +3? +6? +22 = 38.432=(,5,-))-(,-4,-2) = 24, + 9a, +4 Prob. 1.5 (a) Let C= A-3B =(4,-2,6)—(36,54,~-24) = ~32a, — 56a, +30¢, (b) Let D=2A+5B =(8,—4,12) + (60,90,-40) = (68,86,-28) | [Be V12? +18? +8? = 23.065 D_..2.94820, +3.7286a, - 1.2140, {Bl la, a, (©) a,xA=|1 0 4 2 (d) la, @, Bxa,=|2 18 -8|=18a,-12a, oo. (Bxa,)ea, Prob. 1.6 i) la, a, @, BxC=|1_ 1 1|=a,-2a,+a, | 012 AXBXC) = (1,0,-1)o(1,-2,1) =140-1= 2a, +4@ (AxB)xC=|1 0 Prob.t.7 @ T-G2diends=(4,6,2 (b) ris = ts— m= (4, 6, 2)— (3, -2, 1) = ag t Bayt a | (c) distance = jrrs| = Vi+64+1 =8.124m | Prob. 1.8 (@ IfA and B are parallel, A=KB, where k is a constant. (@,3,-2)= #4, 8) Equating coefficients gives 3=fk —>» B=3/k This can also be solved using A X B=0. (b) IfA and B are perpendicular to each other, AeB=0 —> 4a+38-16=0 Prob. 1.9 (=) A-B=ABcosO,y AxB=ABsin 4,9, (4-B)' +|4x BP =(4B)" (cos? 8, +sin® ,,)=(AB)’a I Prob. 1.10 (@) P+Q=(6,2,0),P+Q-R=(7,1,-2) |P+O-R|=Va9+1+4 = V54 = 7.3485 } la, a, a, | | 2-1 2 i [@)P.QxR=)4 3 2)=2(6-2)+(8+2)-2(4+3)=8+10-14=4 1 1 2 la, a, a, QxR=|4 3 2|=(4,-10,7) | 12 i ~2)-(4,-10,7) =8+10-14 = 4 | | la, a, a, | }()QxP=|4 3 2|=(-4,12,-10) | 2-1 1 QxP»R =(~4,12,-10)-(-1,1,2) =4+12-20=-4 la, a, a, | 112 | | or QxP-R=R-QxP=|4 3 2)=~(-6+2)-(-8-4)+2(-4-6)=-4 2-1 2 | (€) (PxQ)-(Q*R) =(4,-12,10)-(4,~10,7) =16+120+70 = 206 qtr aa 4-12 1 4 -10 7 24) =-0.9526 Vivid’ NG (© (PxQ)x(@*R)= a, +124, +84,= 4260 9.998 i Oy = 5 | — a “3VI6+944 329 8p = 86. | Prob. 1.11 (@) AB =(4,~6,1)4(2,0,5)=8-045=13 | Bp=2? 45? =29 | AB+2|BP=13+2%29 } la, a, @ Let C=AxB=|4 -6 1 |=(-30,~18,12) 2205) cL 30,-18,12) TIC) 30? +18? +12? | Prob. 1.12 (0.811 la, -0.4867a, +0.3244a,) | PaQ = (2,-6,5)(0,3,1) = 0-18 45 ==13 -2la, -2a, + 6a, i €058%9 = Fy “THE =-0.51 —> Oy, =120.66" | Prob. 1.13 a If A and Bare parallel, then B=kA and Ax B=0. It is evident that k = -2 and that a, 4, @ AxB=|1 -2 3/=0 2 4 as expected. i (Prob. 114(a) Using the fact that (Ax B)xC =(4-C)B-(B-C)A, 1 we get | Ax(AxB)=-(AxB)x A =(B-A)A-(4-A)B | (ax (ax (ax B))= ax [(aeB)a-(aa)B] | = (AsB) (Ax A)-(AsA) (Ax B) | = -2'(ax B) since AxA=0 i Prob. 1.15 Hence, A-(BXQ = (A8)-C Also, each equals the volume of the parallelopiped formed by the three vectors as sides. ~ty = (-6.0,-3) PR = ty —fy = (5.6) 6 0 -3 1 5 -6 | RBXRR =(15,-39,-30) 1 Area of the triangle = Sle «Rn = 53930 =25.72 |(b) = (-5,2,0)—(1,2,3) = (-6,0,-3) (2,7,-3)-(-5,2,0) =(7,5,-3) =(1,2,3)-(2,7,-3) =(-1,-5,6) Note thata+b+e=0 a =angle at P, =cos” [ (~My =n | Mp2 Fon ta =P | =cos" fee |e es Tallel (a am Vp tpn Il Fp —Fps | lellbt Cn= tad =a] Vp ~ Fyn ll tps Apa | 45.81° 60 ae |" 88 = cos y =angle at P, =o «496 lal b} 39° 33 cd Note that a+ f+y =180".| Given 7, =(-1,4,8), 1% =(2,-1,3), (@) [PQ V9+25+25 = 7.6811 () PR=~2a, -5a, con! OPOOR } ZPOR= — ©) APOR= 208" OPI ORI (@ Area of triangle PQR = 11,023 (©) Perimeter = 17.31 Prob.1.18 Let R be the midpoint of PQ. te HO,4,-1+02,16,9}=(7,10,4) OR = 49 +100+16 = Vi65 =12.845 = OR _ 12.845 = 42, SEaaa00 82 ms | Prob. 1.19 (a) Let P and Q be as shown below: |P|=c0s? 8, +sin?6, =1,|0|=cos’ 9, +sin? a, Hence P and Q are unit vectors. () P-O=()(1)e05(,-8) But P-Q =cos@, cos@, +sin§, sind,. Thus, c0s(0, -@,) =c0s6 cos8, + sing, sind, Let P, = P=cos6,a, +sinQja, and Q, =cos0,a, ~sin®,a,.— Py and Q; are unit vectors as shown below: yx F,-Q, = (A)cos(6, +4,) But P, -Q, = cos0, cos@, ~sin8, sin@,, cos(0, +0,) = c0s6, cos0, —sind, sind, Altematively, we can obtain this formula from the previous one by replacing 2 by -62 in @. ©) | FIP-Ol 31 (cos —cos6,)a, + (sin, —sin@,)a, I I = 5 V2- 2eost e088, + sinB sind) = 5 /2- 2eos(@,-8,) | Let 0,-0, = 0, the angle between P and Q. FIP-Qb I= eod | But cos 2A = 1-2 sin?A. FIP-Q LND-3s Asin? 872 =sin/2 Thus,_ml=2.2) 3 =(L-2,2), r=r,-7, =(3,4)-(2,-3,)=(-1,6,3) -2 2|=(-18,-5,4) 3 Prob. 1.21 org, aFS_ 2-63)(b3 ON =P Te 0S, =(6-a,)e, - ST (@) H(,3,-2)=6a, +4, +4a, a, - hd) 1 B6+1+16 (b) | H|=10= /4x’y? + (x42) +24 or = 0.8242a, +0.1374a, +0.5494a, 100=4x?y? +x? +2xz+2 +24ALB = (~3,1,2)4(2,-5,1) =-9 |Al= V9+144 = Vi4 | Bl= V4425+1 = V30 | AB -9 | cosO,y = == =~0.4392 | *" [ApB| Vt4x30 | ay = 116.05" | The minimum angle is 180° -0,, = 63.95" jo | 4 (dea, )o, AOE [BA2HO.L A] a, +40.) ic 1+16 | _=0.5294a, + 2.1184, | Il 1) | D=A+2B~-3C =(-3,1,2)+(4,-10,2)-3C = (1,-9,4)—(0,3,12) = a, ~ 12a, -8a, @) la, a, a. AxB=|-3 1 2|=1la,+7¢, +13a, | 2-51 (Ax Bye = (11,7,13)9(0,1,4) | | Prob. 1.24 | At point (1, 2,-4), x= 1, y=2,z=-4. A=(2,-2, 16) and B=(3, 6, 1). (a) A-B =6-12+16= | AsB=ABcOSOy, = —> CSO y= |) 10 V4+4+256¥9+3641 = 0.09074 4.79" { | an = (6) Ay=(Ava,)a, = ABB 196.6.) =0.6521a, +1.3043a, +0.2174 | Prob. 1.25 —| The scalar component of Halong ry is Her, =I D=H-« = i } fie Try] oat | | prob. 1.26 | @ At (12,3), B= (2,1,6) |E|= V441436 = V4 = 6.403 | (0) At(.23), F= 24.6) | | | i E, =(E-a,)a, = EDF _ 3824.6) { I p36 | } | =1.286a, - 2.571 i | \ I | la, @, @ | 1 * . t ' ExF=|0 1 -3/=(-3,0,0) | | 0-1 0 |25, z=5, stan" y/x=tan"3=71.6° P(p,4,2)= P( 10, tan" 3,5) = P(3.162,716" 5) Spherical system: jety 2 = 135 = 5916 = tan fx? + y? /z= tan V10/5= tan’! 0.6325 = 3231 P(r,8,9) = P(5.916,32.31°, 71.579) AtT(0,-4,3), x=0 y=-4, 253; p= ve + y? =4,2= 3,p= tan” y/x= tan!- 4/0= 270° T(p,9,2) = T4270 3). Spherical system: ra ftey ez =5,0= tan” p/z= tan'4/3= 5313. T(r,0,9) = 755313? 270 ). AtS(-3-4-10), x=3, paye+y ==" S(p.9,2) = S(5,233.1,-10). ‘Spherical system: ra\eey a? =5V5=11.18. = 153.43°;Q,|=|-sing cose ol] 0 |; Q,] [cos sing olf, Q. 0 Oo IQ, In Spherical coordinates: oat? sno, Q, =-rsingsindreos0 | = —rsinBcosOsing. 7 Q | =|cos@cosé cos@sing —sing|| 0 |; Q ~sing cos 0 j1. Q.=Q, sinBcos¢ + O, cos = sin® Ocos¢ ~ rsinBcos” Asing. 2, =, cosBcos¢ - 0, sind = sinOcosBcosg + rsin? OcosOsing. Q,=-Q, sing =-sinOsing. | sinOcos¢ sinOsing cosd ][Q, | -- @=sind(sindcospreos? Bsing)a, + sinBcosO(c0s9 + rsindsing)a, -sindsinga, . Q(x, yz) = $a, + Ba, =0.8a, +2.4a,; 2(0.4,2)=$(c08270°ap—sin270°ay -3sin270°a, =08a,+2.44,; Ons 43), 20 4 27.8.8) —S0- Fe Ma, +5 (HO+SM)ay (Day 1.924, +0.8a,;‘Note, that the magnitude of vector Q= 2.53 in all 3 cases above. PE. 2.2 (a) A] [cos -sing 0|| pesing =| sing cosé 0}| 3pcs6 A} 19 0 1) | poosgsing A= (pzcosgsing—3pcos¢sing)a, + (azsin’ $+3,pc0s' f)a, + poosgsinga,. Bu p=\2+y, tng=2, cosg=-——, sing=-—2_; PN te EEF Ba Substituting all this yields: Aner p lene 07 04 sya) 3] [sin@cos¢ cos@cos¢ -sing][ 7? =|sindsing cos@sing cos¢ || 0 cos? = -sind «=O [sin [Poy | tang=2; Since r=? + +2", tand = z z very z and sind = O= F Veayee Veayan a. y x and sing = 7 cos¢ =: ; Reey Very sin Ocos¢ - sinOsing = nt e terry). sin Osing + sinOcosg = ry+* =1(r?y+x). ror B, =PcosO = rz=4(r72). 5 Hence, 7 Fare ene, + OG? + +27) 4 3a, +207 +)? +27)a,]. 2P.E23 (a) At: (1.77/30), H = (0,0.06767,1) cosda,-singa, -i«, -Ba,) 0.0586. Hea,= (b) At (,2/3,0), a=cosOa,—sinda, = lao ya 0 0.06767 1 0 0 1 Hxa. 06767 a, (©) (Heap)ay = 0a, en eal Hxa, = |0 0.06767 1] = 0.06767 4,. @ o 0 1 PE.24 (a) ASB = (3,2,—6) #(4,0,3 j B 2 - lo [4x 3) -[ 0 3 | |64--3340 - Bay). | ‘Thus the magnitude of Ax B = 34.41 () | Ar, 2/3, Sa/4), O=n/3, | a,= cosda, -sindas = ia, Ba,R(x y,2) = B.732,1, 5). x=1c0s90°=0; y= 1sin90° P(x, y,2) = PO, 1, -3). x=rsinO cosg = 10sin(a/4)cos(x/3) = 3.535; sinOsing = 10sin(x/4)sin(x/3) cos@ = 10c0s(r/4) B(x, y,2) = B,G.535, 6.124,7.0711). x= 4sin30°cos60° =1 =4sin30°sin 60° =1.7321 cos = 4c0s30° P(x, yz) = P(1,1.7321,3.464). Prob.2.2 |(@) Given P(1,-4,-3), convert to cylindrical and spherical values; p=ery = JP +4? = V7 = 4.123. ay 4 é=tan tan" = 284.04". x ©. P(p,$y2) = (4.123, 284.049, -3)20 ‘Spherical: rafxt+y +2 = 141649 = 5.099, © p=3 potant (p,9,2) = Q(3,0",5) raVOF0F%=5831, O=tan' 2 ta'3 =3096" O(r,9,9) = O(5.831,30.96°,0°) p=V4+36 =6325, g= tan § =108.4° R(p,9,z) = R(6.325,108.4°,0) r=p=6.325, O=tan R(r,0,9) = R(6.325,90°, os ° pale ty =V4436 = 6.324 = tan = tan $= 71,5651 * 2 | Pis (6.324,71.56",—4) © rade ty +2? = 4436416 = 7.485 yHence Q ) ralrty tz? aVpree V25+1 = 5.099 [Faye ota VEY tay 2 = tan! 378.69" z z 1 o=120° Hence Q =(5.099,78.69°,120°) Prob. 2.5 At P, @ x=rsinOcos¢ = 4sin90° cos60" =2 y=rsinOsing = 4sin 90° sin 60° =3.464 z=rc0s0 = 4c0s90" =0 Hence P is (2,3.464,0) 4, O=n/2, $=213 ©) p=ye+y =rsind=4sin90° =4, g=2/3, 7=0 Hence Pis (4,2/3,0) Prob. 2.6 @ x= pcosd, y= psing, V = pzcos¢- p’ singcos+ pzsing (b) Pa yractay ans? 2 +r? sin’ Asin’ $+2r’ cos’ @ 2{1+sin? Asin” +2cos* 4]22 cosé sing 0 Wee is y =|-sing cosp 0 0 0 1 verte 4 ae 1 2 in?) = pare $+ psin® ¢] Tr 1 R= -peospsi ing] = 0; 3 = Teepe pconssings poosgsing] 4 Re = lp? +z 1 —+(pa, +44.) Yeu sinBoosg sinOsing 00s cosBcos cosOsing —sind -sing csp z r z r 4 r "sin? asin? p+ ‘cos = r r 8 3 es xi 8 > F, =sinBcos ces" p+ sindcos6sin? $ —4sind = sindeosd— “sind; r r =-sindoosgsing + sindsingcos¢ = 0,23 2 G, = 2 — [pcos $+ psin’ g] = ope zp G, = 2 piace Spherical : ? sin’ @ 2 F (wa, + ya, +20,)= 7 eo Ver24 Prob. 2.9 ‘A,| [oosé -sing 0 4,|=| sing cosp 0 AJL o oo 41 At P,p=2, ¢=2/2, cosé -sing Of psing sing cos$ 01] pcosé 0 0 1 -2 A, = psingcos¢— peospsing = 0 A, = psin’ $+ pcos’ $= p=x"+y? A,=-22 Hence, ) sin@cosg cosécos¢ -sing] [4rcos¢ = | sindsing cosasing cos¢ r cose -sino 0 0 sind cos? $ +rcosOcosg B, = 4rsindsingcosg+rcosasing B, = 4rcosocos¢-rsingy ; : mx sing = 1 Prob. 2.11 H, = ey thie. +y(4x-+ zJa, +(4x2 - x? -y")a, ] ,] [eos -sing Of pzsing H,|=| sing cos¢ 0]] ~p(z+1)cos¢ H. 0 oo. ez H, = pzsingcos$ + p(z+1)singcosg H, = pzsin’ $— p(z+l)cos’ 6 H,=p'z But p=yx'+y", sme ot = 2 yy a H,=24e+y Pay ete wo eo + 2 2 yy -x(z+1) H,=2e+y Fo eee ee H,=( +y")z ao =P (241 PD, PEN, aye, feay Pay _2y(2z+1) Very26 Prob. 2.12 cosp sing sing cos 0 0 x F,=yecosp+xzsing, F, =—yzsing-+xzcos¢, But x=pcosg, y=psing F, = pzcosgsing + pzcosgsing = pzsin 2g | F, =-zpsin® $+ zpcos’ $= pzcos2¢ F,=x' = prcos’¢ Hence, F = pzsin2ga, + pzcos2fa, + p? cos? ga, F,] [sin@cosg sindsing cos6 ][ yz F,|=|cos@cos¢ cosdsing —sing |} xz oy -sing cosg Ona xe = yzsinO cos¢ + xzsin@sing + x’ cosO Ff F, = y2cosO cos +.xzcosOsin §—x* sind F,=-yzsing+xzc0s¢ sinOcos¢, y=rsinOsing, z=rcosO 7 sin? @cosOsin ¢ cos¢ +r? sin? Acos@singcos+r’ sin? AcosOcos? ¢ 1? sin? @cos (sin 2¢ + cos” $) r? sinOcos’ @singcos¢ +r? sin cos? Asin¢cosd —r? sin’ cos” ¢ =’ sinOcos4(2cos? Osing sin? cos) 1 cos@sinOsin” $ +r? cosOsinOcos’ ¢ =0.5r? sin 20 cos 26 | F =r? sin? @coso(sin29 +cos’ ga, +r? sin Ocos¢(2cos” sing —sin? @cosd)ny +0.5r? sin20cos 2ga,27 a, °a, =(cospa,-singa,)ea, = cose 4a, ¢a4 =(cosga, ~singay)ea, = —sing 4a, ea, =(singay+cos¢a,)ea, = sing Gyeay =(singay+singa,)ea, = cosd (b) and (c) In spherical system: a, = sinOcosga, + cosOcospae—singa,. a, = sinOsinga, + cosOsinga, ~cosga,. a, = cos6a,— sinOa,. | Prob. 2.14 (a) re (eye = pee. es gay. 2 or p= ee ye yr sin? Ocos’ $+ r? sin? sin’ ¢. = rsind, z=rcos8; $= 4g. @= tan28 (b) From the figures below, 2 4, =Sinay + COSOar; ae =COSOa,~SinOa,; ay = ay, Hence, %! Tsine 0 cose | =|cos@ 0 -sine 7 0 1 0 From the figures below, ay = COSOa, +SiNBa;:a, = COs6a, -sinBa,;a,29 i “| [sing cos@ 0] |" | as|=| 0 oO 1} | ao i { cos@ -sind 0 i a. a, | | Prob. 2.15 F =Fa,+F,a, + Fa, 1 i i i i | Alternatively, a] [ne ue Oo] fio}. [5.687 ilAl=| 0 0 1] |-4]=| 8.485 Fy [-1v2 v2 of L2 4 Prob.2.16 If A and Bare perpendicular to each other, A‘B = 0 | A-B =p’ sin’ 9+ pcos’ ¢ -p” i 3B ie § 3 29.30 > (0) AxB=|3 3 i 16a, +(5+24)a,-10a, | 10a, =-16a, +294, AB_ 7 7 AB N9+4+1V25+64 Video =0.19831 8.56" id) COSA, 4,] [eoss -sing O]f poosd 4,| ={sing cosp 0|] 0 4, 0 0 14 pz? sing a A, = pz? sing = pz? = yz’ P A Le a+ xya,, + yz’ | | ALBA) x3, y=4,A = 1190, -12a,] 4,| [ sin@cos sindsing cos (et) | 4,|=|-cos@cosg cosOsing —sind A sing cosy 0 Holy vl x=rsindcosg, y=rsindsing, z=rcos@, p=rsind. sin? Acos¢sing sin@cos¢ + 7 rsin@ sindsing + FP sindcos? Asingcoso =rsin? Ocos* ¢ + rsin® Asin? ¢cos¢+r° sin@singcos*d A, =rsind cos’ ¢cosOcos¢ + rsindcos¢singcosAsing—r? cos? asingsing| =rsin@cos@cos¢—r sindcos? sing =rsin6 coso{cos¢—rcosésing] —rsin@cos’ gsing +rsin@cos¢singcos¢ =0. _ Fsin@fcos¢sind + sin@cos¢sin’ ¢ 4? cos’ Osingla, 4rsin@cosé{cos¢-r? cos@sindsingla, At 3-40), r=5,0=2/2, $=306.83 cos$=3/5, sing=~4/5. A=5r* 3+ 500\-4/5)10,+ 50)(0)a, = 3a, l4|= 3.cosh -sing 0 sat ont 0 I sindcos$ cosdcosp -sing sindsing cosdsing cos¢}] A, -sn@ oo. I LA, so ud pecdoee Verret Seay frayed Seay? i y yz x Zz _ Axtt+y? Ix’ y? +z? Vtyeez? : Prob. 2.20 (a) Using the results in Prob.2.14, sing =r? sinOcosOsing spcosg = 3r sinBcosy = peossing = rsinGcosgsing Hence, A,| [sind 0 cos® |{r? sind cos0 sing 4,|=| cos 0 -sind|) 3rsind cose 4] | 0 1 0 |[rsind cose singAt (10,n/2,30/4), r= 10,0=%/2,= 3n/4 A=10(0a, +0.5a, = 07427), By=0, B,] [sind cosd ol] 2, Bl=|0 0 WB B,| |cosd -sind oj] B, 0A 0+ a +m] pee At (2,n/6,D, p= 2,6=1/6,221 B=V5(2a, +0.4a, +a,)=4.472a, +0.8944a, +2.236a, Prob. 2.21 (@ d= Y6- 2" + C1 + @- 5) = V29 = 5385 d? = 3 +5? ~ 2(3)(S)cosx+ (-1- 5)’ = 100 d= 100 =10 ax_3n 4a) ne = 125~100|cos$-cos% sin? sin} = 125-100c0s75° =99.12 2 107 +5? — cos in sinZ oF =10° +5? —2110}(5]cos% cos — 2110)(5)sin sin cost7uM We can convert 0 to cylindrical system and then use equation 2.32 p=rsind =4sin9” =4 = 3 =r c0s0 = 400890 Qis (4,2/2,0). @ = pi + pi -2p,p, 0-8) + (22-2 =10? +4? -2(10)(4)cos(r /4—7/2)+0= 59.431 An infinite line parallel to the z-axis. (b) Point (2,-1,10). A circle of radius rsin@= 5 , i.e. the intersection of a cone and a sphere. An infinite line parallel to the z-axis. (©) A semi-infinite line parallel to the x-y plane. (®) Asemi-circle of radius 5 in the y-z plane.35 | Prob. 2.24 At 1(2.3,~4) TyyF o=ton' YY tar z 0.7428, sino = w = 0.6695, @=tan'Y =tan'3 = 56.31 i x 2 2.4 3 —~ sing= via OTs a; = c0s6a, -sinda, cos = 7428a, -0.6695a,. 4, =Sindcos¢ a,+ sindsingay+ cosa, .3714a, +0.557 la, -0.7428a,. | Prob. 2.25 i l@ | At (1,60°,-1), p=1,6=60",2= A=(-2-sin60")a, +(4+2c0s60")a, 2.8664, +5a, +34, | B=1cos60"a, +sin60°a, +a, =0.5a, + 0.8664, +4, la 1.433+4,334+3=5.897 | AB =V2.866 +25-+9V0,25-+ 0.866" +1 =9.1885 30a, AB _ 5.897 AB =0.6419 —> 0,5 £080 = am = 9.1985 49 oa (b) | Let A xB. At (1,90°,0), p=1,6=90",2=0 | A=-sin90"a, +44, =-a, +40, | B=1c0s90"a, +sin90"a, +, | | la, a, a, | | D=AxB=|-1 4 0|=4a,+a,~a. 1 ord D_ yh-l) =0.9428a, +0.2357a, ~0.2357a, D Vie+i+lProb.2.26 At P(0,2,-5), = 90°; B,] feosé -sing 0] [8, B,|=|sing cos¢ 0] |B, » , 1 LB. 0 o Ite 0 -1 0} f-s i ={1 0 offa 0 0 1f}-3 Sa, -34, (a) A+ B = (2,4,10)+(-1,~5,-3) a, +7 (b) COSA,, = =- ae easiut T2090 Og = COS" | 4 AeB 52, | © Ay= dean = 428 52 2 9.789, t eS | Prob. 2.27 in Osin§+G, cosOsing-+0 =6r' sinOsin? $+r? cosOsing At (2,-3,1),x=2,y 44941=1437 Prob. 2.28 2rcosd@sing - a con hg C= cos? pa, + TOE Gy cos? pas = COS" $ax+ 2cotAsingay+ sin’ gar G, sin@cos¢ sin@sing cose cos?¢ = |cosacosg cosasing -sind| | 2cotesing | -sing cos¢ O sin? 6 | G, =sinOcos’ $+ 2cos@sin® $+ cosOsin’ ¢ =sinOcos’ $+3cosésin’ ¢ | G, =cos@cos* $+ 2cotacosasin? g-sindsin’ ¢ | G, =-singcos* + 2cotdsingcos¢ +[cosOcos* $+ 2cotAcoséAsin’ ¢-sindsin’ gla, +singcos¢(2cotd-cos¢]ay (0,25 -J,= J-J,=~a0+n2ay = (@) Ip=(Ieas)ax 4, = sin0 cosh a,+ cos0 cosd ae— sing ay = ay. At (2, 4/2, 3n/2), Jp =In2a,Prob 2.30 @ AIP, p=2,¢=30. z=-1 H=10sin30a,+2cos30°a,+ 4a, = 5a,+1,732a)+4ar. 5.1-732, 4) 0.7538a,+ 0.2611a,+0.603a%. V8? 41.732? +4? (b)_H, =H, cos¢-H, sing =Spsingcos¢+ pzcos¢sing orP at p=2, ¢=30, z=-1 H, =H,a, = (10sin30°cos30° - 2sin30°cos30*Ja, = 8sin30° cos30°a, 46414, (c} Normal to p=2is H, =H,a, =10singa,: ie. H, = (d) Tangential to ¢=30°. H, =H, a,+H,a, =5a, +4a, Prob. 2.31 @ aplane 10=[e-f5 $ {Java xa, Ray =p ® a cylinder of infinite length39 P.E.31 er (a) DH = J rsin6d¢}| = J frsino dd |, = 9(-coseygear 4ter 260" gutsGAvdt= (fs [ + fAedi=C.+0,+C, 2 Along (1), C, = Jarat= if poosddpl,., Along (2), dl = pdgay, Aedl =0, C,=0 | Q ps Along (3), C, = facos$d pyase = (5) = Joes =f led =C,+C, +C, =240- | PE.33 i 2 =(zsing+2p)ap+(zcose — J sin26)ast (psing + 22008" a: | | of lef 1 of Vf= Ip a i j ta a rind op j 2, -2inGsinginn , (cosdeospinr +?) 5 . “ sind r sindsingInr | [eee r _{ cosdsing ) _ -(seee +2r¢ lar srow PE. 34 VO =(y + 2)a.t (x4 Z)ant(xty)a: At (1,2,3), Vb =(5,4,3) (2,21) _ 21 Vo eas =(5,4,3)e Fo) = Dea = (54,3) 0 a where (2,2,1)=(3,4,4)-(1,2,3)4 |P.E.3.5, Let f=x’y+z-3, g=xlogz-y'+4, Vf =2xyart x? ayta:, x Vg =logza:—2ya,+~a; z At P(-1,2,1), cos = my.ny = _ f Vi8xi7 Take positive value to get acute angle. @=cos" PE.3.6 04, a4, (a) Vesa ZA oy ox” ay At (1-2,3), Ved= )2 7 This is similar to Example 3.7. W=GDeds= YP, ¥, Y,=0=, since D has no z-component for st ¥. = [Je? c0s* gods = p* i cos” dd f de| # 20 = (4) (I) = 640 =040+64 x By the divergence theorem, qDeds = fv «Dav 04, Le 1a VeD=——(p' cos’ g) + —t = 6(14 cosOsing)— sin2¢ +L (2pasin26)U=xy'e" v= axye 4 xy*ze"]+—2 (axtye) +2 (xty’e*) x a az = bxy"e %+ 3x’yze 7+ 3x’y"ze" + x°y7z’e% + 2x°e + x8y"e- =e {6xy? + 3x%y*z 4 Sx?y2z + x°y"2? + 2x? + x8y7) J at (1-1), | V°U=e! (64343414241) = 16e= 43.493 ) | V = p*z(cos¢+sing) vv =12 prpz(cosp + sin g)]—z(cos¢+sing)+0 =4z(cos$-+sin$) — z(cosg+sing) 3z(cosg-+sing) At 6,2,-2), VV =-6(0.866+0. W =e" sinOcos¢ vw 5 Cr e°" sin cosp)+—— 5 ob 55 S (sindc0s0) sind sin? @ Laer: ores = (-2re™ sinOcosg) +e" sinOcos¢ At (1,60°,30°), VW =e" sin60cos30(1-2-2) =-2.25e' = -0.8277| Prob. 3.46 (o) Let V=inr=Inft ty? oz? an 1 = x M Voy ye ay? gz? aX | Ber DOMME HY AZ a | WV Ma Mig Mg, w Maer My Bae i ox" oy” * oz r e (b) Let WV=A * 74 in spherical coordinates. | 2 1 | Viline| = Ve finr}=V A= a | ov Ha arm =y'2'a, +2xy2'4, +3xy72"a, AtP(12,3)) x=1y=2,2=3 | WV =4(27)a, + 2(2)(27)a, +3(4)(9)a, =042x2" + 6xy*z | =2xz(z7+3y’) AtP(1,2,3) x=Ly=2,2=3 | WV = 2(1)(3(9+3x4) = 6(9 +12) 126Prob.3.48 (a) wag ist ar 30” rsind 6 _ Ssing sing ) Olt oye eanimnon "tov | VeVV = VV => —(r' > —| O—} | vv Fa” a Fsind 00 ag * =o 8) 404 £084, ro r r vey ~ Mens _ 7 B (©) VxV¥=0, see Example 3.10. Prob.3.49 Method 1 v'G| = (apeosd)—Lapeosg+0+ 12088 _ op e , ing pring , 9, 3psind _2psi e Pp a sing Apcose rae"4 ug Ploe +] +0+-2 zp) “les, +1+2p P | Adding the components together gives ve ont, +faoe4 @ fe Method 2: VG = V(VUG)-Vx(VxG) vet V=viG=12 (op'singy++(apsing)+22p=220 pop Pe V(VOG)= VV =22za, +2pa, Let A=vx6-[40-0]e, [0-0] Zeer ome)-200me Pla =~(2' +a, +6cosga, vavnGavea| Ssing-z[o, 0-00 +2] S-pte)-0]a, e plae 22~Ssing]ey- d (2? +1)a, Pp | VG@=VV-VxA =2ca, +2pa, -[=-Ssine, ee ana, Pp Pe =Ssinga, spete oe 2 2 Prob. 3.50 (a) a, a, fs a a a VxG=| — — = * ax y & 6xy-z 8x? -x| = Oar+(-141)a,+(16x-16x)a Thus, G is irrotational.[(b) Assume that y represents the net flux. GGeds = fveca =16y+04+0=16y | v= [frevakcae = 16] arf ef vor=reaneyef ba 8 © v Gera = ‘Jase -at- + ‘foray + Joya Fort = 0+ 8( yf, +1605 [+0 i | = 8-8=0 I ‘This is expected since Gis irrotational, i.e. Gea = Jorxayeas = | Prob. 3.51 i pie ee vxr=| 2 a cos ar ay & laxy+ fz’ 3x’-yz 3xz*-y| I -L+y)as + (382? ~32")ay+ (6x~ax)a: | If Tis irrotational, VxT=0, for all values of x,y,z. Hence, | a=6, 1 Ver = Fast pyr Or 72-8 Gus y)=6y +612 | At(2,-1,-0),76 | Ver=-6+0= j Prob. 3.52 V-F=0 a, a, a, wr =|2 2 2 i=(x-x)a, +1y~yla, +(2-2)0, =0 yz xz xy| | Hence F is both solenoidal and conservative. i“CHAPTER 4 5x10 (d,-3,7)-2,0,4)] [G.-3.7)-(2,0,4)7 (-2x10° (1,-3, 7) - (3, 0,5)] ¢ 2x10? NG, -3,) = C3,0,5)] a3, 0,57 (A533). Wh 184232) aw or Let q be the charge on each sphere, i.e. q~Q/3. The free body diagram below helps us to establish the relationship between various forces.Tsin0 cos30° = F; + F,cos60° 2 2 q gd, 4ned? * 4ne,d? @ 23 © 8xt_d? Tcos0 = mg Hence, But sind= 49 PE. 43 . dl emo ek= ma ax a’. Beat Gr at E, = 200kV/m a z- ey (-2a,+ ay) = m( At 120, (%y,2)=(0,0,0) q= dx dy de. (0,0,0) » a ae gp OOO Atr=0 —> q=0=G Hence, (2,9) = B® (2,9 Also, ie. 2|y| =|] ‘Thus the largest value of is 80cm =0.8m Consider an element of area dS. of the disk. The contribution due to dS = pdgdp is pds pas dre 4ne(9' +h) The sum of the contribution along / gives zero. dE = 4 t_hedpdg _h d, Lx | [OER 2 | eee pdp ined, Lory 25, Lorene = hip swap Macapsy| 46) 4 . Pet 2,_— E- 2 26, (© Letus recall that if a/h <<1 then (1++a/h)" can be approximated by (1+na/h). ‘Thus the expression for E; from (a) can be modified for a< — (r=10,8=0, ¢=0) _ 100c080 4012) _ 10°? * Ae, a5 0° Ue 197, 7 2v ° a) 36 10000") > cosa, + sinda,] ——)10° 36m =1.84, mV/m =e ance i) na. At zp) 100cos= (10) v=——_3___. 10°.) 4a ag E= AE) Qeos%o, +sinZa,) angen om = 094,+ 0.77944, V/m PE. 4.14 After Q,, W,=0 QO 4x6 9\(1,0,0)- (0,0,0), _ eaQuo"y 4n(10 After O,, W, = Oo, = -18 n} yt en 56% After Q, , W, = QWs, Vin) + OVy 2 I 5 Py aan: Gam" ioo-p- Gam }~ 8 = 3910" = 270- # -18 = -29.18 nJW,= Vy + Vig + Vig)+ OV + Vig) + OV = - 4910" tra 2 3. = -36U-Fgt) + - 39.09- 29.18 nJ = -68.27 nh = 0.2358 n} Fy= QQr (Fo — Fe.) _ ~ WO" AG, 21) = 4,0,6)] —_ dne|rg —r 10 e Pp | of 4n182.0 (-4,0,6)f 1.82914, -0.5226a, +1.3065a, mNProb. 4.2 (a) (50,6) = 2 16.9-40-9) , 2 16,0,-@2,0) 476, |(5,0,6)—(4,0,-3)P — 4xre, [(5,0,6)—(2,0,)) f° = 2 00,9), _Q G,0,5) 46, (V8) 4ne, 34)" 1 425,34)" 59 B22 _ 5.48292 , = ~20,G"=-34G0"" ac 3232 nC F(5,0,6) = gE(,0,6) If F,=0, then q 4 — 39, 47€,(82)" © 42€,(34)"? = 3082? = 1282) ne Q, = 44.945 nc Prob. 4.3 ° Let rj, r2and r be the position vectors of Q), Qe and Q; respectively. Given Qi=Q, Q=3Q, drt =2. Any positive charge would not keep equilibrium. There must be brought a negative| pert, v= diate On +n dtd, ~~ J+ JO, Tf Q is at equilibrium, 20, 2,05 4ne,(d,+d,) — 46,d? This gives, Oud? Oo _ dy 2 YT Ge O= Gay = ‘The third negative charge must be 32 a+a3P @ Bey 2. rr) -O(-a,0,0) - 210.00) | aa np 4 4xe,0° Q[0.4,0)-(2,0,0)] __Q[0,4,0 o FF, 10,0) (0.0.07 Azz, |(0,4,0) 4as(20°)? 4ne,(2a°Y? = 216@.0,a)-(a,0,0)]___ Of(@,0,2)-(-a,0,0)] ze, \(a,0,a)—(a,0,0)/ 4ze,|(a,0,a)—(-a,0,0)F° = 20.04) _O0a0a)__ -9 4, @ f, 1 4ne,a 4n6,(5a°)” 10V5ns,a" " Ane,a| 55.9 Prob. 45 @) ) O= Sorat jaa = 4x)|me=05C O= Josas= J foz'pahar | = 9(20)%] nc ae My | = 1206 2C © O= foav = fff. = 1? sinOd0d@dr sini mon 4 2 = 10 | dg |d6 |rdr =10(22)(2)— Jes lf O2n)(a) = = 1579.1 C Prob. 4.6 FE, = fee, R=-20,, p,= 2-12 acim Ane,R Qn Qn But a, =cosga, +singa, Due to symmetry, contributions along y add up, while contributions along x cancel out. E,= ae! Ie 2sin #)a, 249 =f po J-(-1-1)2a, = Q. Qn Pu “are, PL=Prob. 4.7 O= [oar = i [ Ison | foo =12+96-4 $00) = 32C Q= Slew = [ffx aa =2¢-cyn-cy) - =50 (-DXI-CD) 5 nC = 5.33nC Prob. 4.9 O= fo,av= ff Ppecetnini nc =4feao|a” foosaio= ot, rt = 1600: Sysinx/4) = 5.657 nC | Prob. 4.10 J J for? sinaddaag rte o-0g20 aon = 429, 3 lew = 1172.86 nC =1.17286 uCa” Due to symmetry, E has only z— component given by dE, = dE cosa pate dy A Aiea" +V¥ th) ty sey? psh dxdy Fe lars oe oe a lesan i ae = Ph | __yde a IOP HRM? Hy +A? 0 ad bax BOHR HP RY? By a variables, we finally obtain zB aR Ps tan ab z E = tan"). ha, Ey te +b +R)? }e (6) O= fo,dS = p,(2ay(2b) =10°°(4)(10) = 5-0 4 —— ja, = 3610°(0.0878 radians)a, 10(4 +25 +100)’Let f(x,y)=x+2y-5; Vf =ar+2ay a4 WL, (@s+2ay) WA 5 Since point (—1,0,1) is below the plane, __(art2ay) 2 eee mOlOz erent 2 Qe" 207/362) vs 7a,~303.5ay V/m Prob. 4.13 (a) Forx <0, BoB En Pa) Sa) 00 (b) For 0a, afia + Paya ae Fe (a,)=0Prob. 4.14 (@) At P(5,-1,4), (b) At R(0,-2,1) (c) At QG,-4,10), Prob. 4.15 2 i" © 4n6,7 4, et Prob. 4.16 Or g--& tot Aner’ F=Q,E= which is Coulomb's law. a, Aner?” 1 by Gauss's law 83 E =36[5(-a,)-10(@,)+15(-a,)]x10° i ( F ° yr yu F, Ane, Gm ag xl. 6.6710 30x10* ax! 367 -1696.5a, kV/m (-a.) 565.5a, ~1131a,~1696.5a, E = 36r[Sa,~10(-a,)+15a, ]x10° = 565.5a, +1131a,+1696.5a,_kV/m Lexio” Y 9.110" Let Qy be located at the origin. At the spherical surface of radius r, O= pas =6E,(4ar°) kV/mm Ifa second charge Qo is placed on the spherical surface, Qu experiences a force Further, to prove that this is implicit in Maxwell’s equation V * D = p, , as stated in the question, let a charge Q occupy a tiny sphere of radius r with a density py.Prob. 4.17 (@) Assume for now that the ring is placed on the 2=0 plane. -aay+ ha; at ad9(—aay+ ha:) 4x yy (a+r)? Due to symmetry, the p component vanishes. p= Pa2zha: __p, aha: An shy? Ua +R)? a=2, h=3, p, =5uClm ‘Since the ring is actually placed in x=0, a; becomes a. (Sas _ Chm?95 [w = 2 1G,0,0)- 0,-3.0] , @ [G,0,0)-,3,0)] © 42 1B,0,0)-(,-3,0)7 4 |(G,0,0)-(0,3,0)/ | 26.3.0) , 2G,-3.0) _ 620,0,0) | 4n(18)"? 4n(18)"?——4.0(18)*? D=D,+D,=0 2 6Q__ 03200%)+ -igse= *. Q= -0.32(42)(18"? 10 73 = -51.182"C | Prob. 4.18 | | (@ j | La 10D, ab, ©) p.=VD=— 2 (pb,) + +e pop pop a =8sing—2sing+ 42 | ing+4z Cim’ | | | ;© ! | i ' { i | | Prob. 4.19 Gaussian surface| Apply Gauss’s law, qDeds = 0,,. | D,4ar? = p, Ana? + p,.4nb? =8x10° 4x1? + (-6) x 107472? = 0.3016 = 0.3016 == 0.0027 C/m” 4n3° D=-27a, mC/m? | Prob. 4.20 | One =f Ded = D4anr® | 2. 50x10" D= 2 = 4ar 4x(20x10") Prob. 4.21 (©) Q= Jo.d= [ffeveravaz = 2 fo fa =1C | Prob. 4.22 | (a) 18 16D, aD. =vep= 1b 2ipp,) + toe 22. o pam noe * a: Pex Alz+Neosg—(z+1oosp +0 Pr=3(ztl)cosg yxClm’ Que = Joydv= [fJ3(2+ Jye0sd palb dod: = sfodp foes ) fcosbad = HIG = (8+ I~ 0) = 721C7 (©) Let VRV tH HH HU ts =GDeds where ¥, ¥>. Yas Wa W, respectively correspond witn surfaces S,,S,,S,,8,,S, (in the figure below) respectively. S Ss Si # | |For §, p=2,dS=pdgdea, = [P2oe+eosgas| = 8(12\() =96 For S,,z=0,dS = pdgdp(-a.) v= [fo'cose pds don [orap [coup =2Q) fe + ae cosas 3 é lyn r = Fo =4 For S,2=4,dS=pdédpa,, y,=+4 For 8,,=7/2,dS = dpdza, a4 We - [Joc +nsing dpa], = (1 Jodp |(z+1)e oo [; 02)=-2012)=-24 For S,, $=0,dS =dpdz(-a,),y, = Jlee+dsing dpa, =0 V =96-444-2440= 72pC This is exactly the answer obtained in part (b). Prob. 4.2399 qp-as= fe.av Forr>a, 5,E,4ar° =p, 4rd fsin edo fa Hence, r>a | 26° | | i (b) O= fo.dv=p,(4x) [rdr = 2a" p, } yr ee L100 Prob. 4.25 (a) V=Q, ar=2 Qn = fer dV = {Re sinOd0dr dp =of tj sin@dOdrdg oh 0 00 = 10(1) 2) (2) = (40 2) mc Thus, y = 125.7_ mC At r=6; Om. =10 fdr [de fsinade cg om = 10 (3)(2x) (2) =120% mC y =377 mC Y= Qore But y= GDeds= D,gds = D,(4zr°) At r=l, ane — At r=5, Qy.=120" Qn _ 1200 4nr 4x(5y 0.a, p-as =o | | Dar=9 —>» D,--25 4a Hence, Goa, rea p-i4ta Q | nr | | Prob. 4.28reer a | Q?2 a2 i i Q = 22. 2 Gner 4ner ee | — | i | ©) i Q. 3Q v=—3_ = 135 arer © | | @ 50) ae 4ner deer | | | | | t | | |4n|rp—re| 107 . -210%) 2 3(10%) 1C41,2)-,0,4)| 1(-4,2)-(-25,D1— 1(HL1,2)-G,-4,9) pe ee ee eee eo IAL 1G-4) 145.4) Ve Vig 57 ani a0) V, = 0.3542 4neJ, = 4ne,(10°) V, = V, =3.008x10° V © Y= _ 200") 310") hile 1€2,9-,51 “Te 79-6491 1 2 30 1 2 3 Axesl0Y, = E> TED *1CREDI ee 4x! a0) v, = 0.410 36 W 94 (10°)V V, =0.686(10°) = 686 kV Prob. 4.31 dS=pd$dp, r=Jp +h i (28; on 1 (pdgdp) . _ E: aie dp am Liam aa, Jt Le 1 = 2 a pagina Va? +4?) In] parva +hea a.) Oy "| dz = -2xy(z+3)a, —x°(243)ay—x’ya_ At 34,6), -x=3, y=4, 2=-6, E=~2(3)(4-3)a, -9(-3)a, - 94) a, = Ta, + 27a,-36a, Vin lo | pp =VeD= 6, Vek =~6,(2y)(243) |v =O, = faar=-26, fffe+3)aedyae Po 2 = 26 je] Jv [ie 3ide~ ~2e,(1(0/231%432)] 1 7,107 =o a(5 +3) = 2) Cow Q,,. = =30.95 pC | Prob. 4.33 ee" Qn ~ —> er me rt =a, 152,(25a") Prob. 4.34 | (@) For r2a, I g DdS = Jadtos () Das = fo.dv 2,E,Aar =p, [[f—2)P sinododgar a =4zp, fl 2 yar =Anp, @ r : a Poirier ee 3 2a Sa” )p.ASR 4nR*” =-2._2 S a(b?-a’) pe petitecete +ha,) an (+R y? D= R=-pa,+ha,, R=>R|=\p' +h’ dS = pdédp Due to symmetry, the component along ap vanishes.107 [2h | |_eddde Dadam tig? spy a Sager Fen fle +" pap =P bleaf_ tt tal 1 | Ina) ae che Voth For r<3em, Qu, =0 nto | For 3 Sem, ' f Deas =0,,, =10 -5 = Sn Cim?0, r<3em 10 > Dai Ziaa, nCim, 3Som zr Prob, 4.38 pa ao i pop Prob. 4.39 Let _us choose the following path of two segments. 21-1) > (5,L-) > 5,1,2) W=-q[Eed We fesa Jones q Ie=5,y=1 2 peor: -214.75=54 2 = 20-05] A(l,2/6,5) i Ldl=dpa, FAQ,016,5) Ee > B21 /2.5) |W -OfE-at Ke fod = J 2psinbdploan | cords 2 x =2sin= 4 | +2 Gsing)|E2109 = {4)}e-0+ 4{sin% sin) 5+2=35 =-3.5Q=-3.5x20p.J =—70 3 Method 2 A(l,2/6,5) dl = pda, BUi2/2,5) 2+ B(2,n/2,5) ” fe-at= J p’ cosddg,., + ae 2 J2esingdp|,..2 = cy single? +2sin 2 ” 22 =(sinZ sin) .2(0)2(4-1) =0543=35 W =-359 Prob. 4.41 (@) From Ato B, dl=rd6ae, sor Wy =-Q J \Orcosdrdé | 250 nJ acon a | (b) From A to C, dl'=dra,, Wye =-Q [2OrsinOdr | =-3750 0) a a ©) From A to D, df= rsinOd¢ as, Wy =O Jo(rsind)dg = 03no W, Wag = Way + Woy +Wyy where F is (10,30°,60"). Hence, We =-O ‘[20r sin oar | + J torcosardo | } a= 9.0" rio 8750 nJ | Prob. 4.43 | Let us consider a path made of two segments A4’ and 4'B as shown below. A=(23,-1) l= dea, AB3-1) —S + — B8,0,-1) W=-0 feeat a --pao-| Ja0r| ave ate «ha ot =-210° pep, +6sy7{1,] | =90ny { i ‘ i | | Prob, 4.44 | @ E=-vv= xa, —8ya, 106.25 pC/m?(b) Method 1 (along path PQ): y4 ut av, lav 1a —a,--—a,-———a, a" 700°” rsind Ob =-10rcosOsin ga, +5rsin sin ga, ~ Sr cot Ocosga, Se 30r? cos sing) + sing asin eos + Set 2sing rsind rsind Cm’ -A jp sin@d6dg |p. abeceon | oan r ane, yor a @ VxE=|— = =}=0 x ie 2x by 0 ie. Maxwell's equation is satisfied. 12 lo =-143 1 Je-at = - fo Jost = -yf} i | | Prob. 4.47 lvxe=0 —» vxD=0 = 0a, -0a,--2pcosda, #0 Pp Hence D is not a genuine electrostatic flux density. J2esingoddae = 2'f sinddg dep? id 5858C n/a, =-2cos¢| og (MW? =-2eos2/4—1 ——a m4 = of; divide bym, and integrate once, one obtains: a ay _ eft dt ekr "From rest" implies c, = 0= cy At t=t, y=d, eet or V=Ed. ‘Substituting this in (1) yields: 2md ek us ama Deka Pek that is, u a ¥ or ua kW () Pe '2 (1.603) 10°” 9.1066 (10"") 933 «10° um_____100_ _ 2557 kV 2e 21.76) 10") ee4 2 1000") <0 ns 10 Since x=10em when 2 pa2my _ 2007) = = 1.136 kV im ef 1.76(0")d0™) E=-1.136 a, kV/m 4, =u, =10, oe 10) = 200° 7g C70") = 2000") (a, +0.2a, )(10") m/s | Ar (lnm), 6=0, kd) | thatis, 9= . 100") 2 k= 9010") At (Dam, r= 2 nm, 9010" )cos 45° 0a1s The dipole is oriented along y-axis. ae per-Qd a,ea, ney QdsinOsing 4n6,r° OdsinOsing eV 1aVv ie a, ar” 700" rsind ag” _ Od {isc -sa8te, s94, } -We=- 4x6| 7 r P E= —24 esinasinga,—cos0singas—cos pay) aner Prob. 4.52 W AW, 4%, =0+0Py= 2 % ze, |(2,0,0)=(0,0,1)| 40x10? x(-50)x107 _ 40x9x(~50)x10? - 7 asi 10° 4x sgeI20-D| 4xa,-12ya, Vim £o Sfpere = sal fuse +144y?dxdydz “oo = 1.889Prob. 4.54 Given that E =2rsinOcosga, +rcosOcos¢a, —rsin ga, E? = 4r? sin? @cos? $ +r? cos? Ocos? $+r’ sin’ g =r? cos? 4(4sin? 0+cos? 6) +r? sin® ¢ = rcos?$+3r? cos’ psin?O +r? sin? ¢ =r’ (143cos’ sin? 0) We 5 J[J#P sinoaraoag Rone § frie J fo+senst sin” 0) sinOd0dg loc 3a. => forsins F sin'ondo 9 (4n)= Lav, av tt ays a, sagt as”) E= -(2pzsinga,+ pzcosgay + p’singa:) | Woke, fiEPa = 1 5, ffi4o'z? sin’ 9+ p*2* cos "p+ p'sin’ §)pdédedp 4 Ioap Joa" sin? odg+ Joap fea’ cos’ pdg p34 i + fo'ap {ae f sin? god i 36"7 0: 307+ Flo: 7401) + Zhao: 3071) = assis (0.3071) + 23 By; 7041) oo: 3071) Te = 1507.67 1507.67 10”, )118 ~ CHAPTERS PLE. 5.1 dS = pdgdza, as ne fre in? = 27] fly, . 1s fu el fro dpdzd. soe be .cos26)cp = 2408 L=754A P.E.S2 1 = p,wu=0.5x10 x0.1x10=0.54A, V = IR =10"x0.5x10% =50 MV P.E.5.3 o=5.8x10" Sim . Jock —» Ba2= 80 20138 vim o 58x10" J __8x10° p, 181x10" u =4.42x10* mis119 P.E.55 py, =Pea,= Patlag =P *-Auh.o Pathe, =P, |, OLB 2, fod =—bA+(al? +b)A = Aal? Pow =-v0P=- Slax? +b)=-2ax Prlas® 9 Poly * 2a = Jopdr= cam ade =-Aal? Hence, Qr =, +0, =—Aal? + Aal? =0 P.E.5.6 10° Fo = FyigTe = 5000, kVim | 2 P= AE = (255-10 5x10°G, 6.853a,uC /m? .853C/m? P.E.5.7 (a) Since P=e,7,£, P, =8oX08y120 1 360x107 1 On 3,-1,4)10° = Sa, 2.16 ae 1.674, +6.67a, Vim 3974, -46.6a, + 1863a, pC! P.E.5.8 From Example 5.8, pes 2 _26F as required. P.E. 5.9 (a) Since Dyy=12az, Dy #100, +40,, Diy = Dy = 120, "2D. 100) +40,)=40,+ 18 7 D, tan@, = nee R = 0359 —> (b). Ey, = Ey = E, sind, = 12sin60” = 10392En =22E, = Fires” =24 Ee yE,! 121 23 tan0, = Stand; = F wan60" = 433 — 2 [Note that 0,6. PLE. 5.10 D=¢,E= 12 (60,20.-30)x10” 0531a, + 0.177a, ~ 0.265a, pCim? Ue ee 1 y0 =50(5/4)(-cos4x/3+ | Prob. 5.2 | t= J fe sin? ear 09:0 © #0030 Prob. 5.3 = 0154-on f odS = j i 50sin(4y)dydz = 50(z)) 00 A 3.75_A (a) I= sods, dS =rsinOdgdra, (10)V36+ 4+ 9(10") = 0.619 pCim? 4(_cos(4y)[r/3 I-1 4 0 ingory |? (29) = 20 = (sin30°y (2m) = 20 | T= fueas = fr sin gpd =10 fe [sin ds a3 |? =f [or cose sinaeug], =12"=37.6991 4122 Prob. 5.4 I= [seas =10 j "fet" paged = 200 j ped p p00 oo But — fre™ée Sep, 20na” Is 2one lara Der aa 0)= 23.11a? A Prob. 5.5 dQ eat ar xlO“*e" I(t=2.5) = 0.3 €75 = 166A I 2107 oo RS 10°(a\(4x10°Y 2 | Prob. 8.7 (a) R= ey oS 3xl0'(2510* 752 ® 1-1 R= 9x78 = 265.1 A (c) P=IV=2.386 kW .653x10° S/m123 [if Rand S are the same, 5.8x10" xn oa xio# Prob. 5.12 (a) 5, = 217 = a{1.5)°x10“ =7.068x10 | S, =2(7,? -1?) = 2(4-2.25) x10 = 5.498104 |p Al _11.8x10% x10 = 7 =F ouexigs 7166910 pal 1.7710" x10 E £2 = = 3,219 x10 3, 5A9Bx10* * RR, _ 16.69x3.219x10 R+R, 166943219 R=RUR =1,=97A (steel) Alternatively, using the principle of current division, R I, =60——— = 50.3 Ree, OM 2 35" ono? a 2 For r This is possible. ) —-Ves=y4(z41)#0 —> This isnot possible. © Vos=ZS (eryrcosge0 —> Thisis not possible. Pp lear - @® — Vos=5-Zin6)=0 —+ This is posible. r Prob. 5.29 (a) Ves =1.2 (10, PHP p130 © I= fseas= iS OO cipc|, , ~100"F ap fee = 1002 = 314.164 a8 —=— Prob. 5.30 (a) I= [seas= f pee sinod0d¢|,_, = (2)(5)e""" ‘in odo fag =40ne"" : é At t-0.1ms, [= 40ne"! = 46.23 A DB. _ve. () “Gaver — p, rosa 162 5 tote VeJ=5= (PJ), ) => Pat Wane [feta fe Te At t=0.1 ms and r=2m, p= wore = 45.98 wC/ m? Prob. 5.31 (a) "367 = 5305.10 s “98131 Prob. 532 yoy = Be 4a 3 x10 x8, Py = Pye” =29.8de7** = 18.98 kC/m? Prob. 5.34 P= Kalk, = Labo $6.4 6a, +30a,) = 26a, + 48.75a, ! Prob. 5.35 ; | Let y>0 be region I and y <0. be region 2. i | D,, =D, =-6a, E,=E, —> Dua & a p,, =, = 3! (4, +80.) =12.96a, +25.924. & 256, 7 © 12.964, ~6a, + 25.924. nC/m*132 360 | Prob. 5.36 1 fy)= 4x +3y -10=0 Vf=4a,43a, —>» a,=- 22 =: 58 _ p89 -04 | eee inane y | | j =-0.64a, -0.48a, Deas & a | 264-3 52,6.5) = (6.6,~8.8,16.25) | | t 96a, ~ 9.28, +16.25a, nC/m? | { i 4 i 10? > tay = 2%5——(10,-6,12) = 0.17684, ~0.1061a, + 0.21224, nClm \w E,,=~6a,, E,, = E, =10a, +12a, | D,,=D, = —> — &E,,=6E,133 2 pag’ +8 +12) =3.7136 nim? Wer =44 IE, Pa fd Se 10" +4 +128) = 5.1725 nJ/m? | Prob. 5.38 (a) D,,=12a,=D,, D,, =-6a, +9a, Pu _ Pu 4 — 3.5¢, + D,, =——* (6a, +% a =F ggt i +94.) 14q,+21a, nC/m? 7 =D, le, = 224210" _ 367.80, - 452.40, +678.6a, Vim D, Peet, -6.9)= 4a, -2a, +3a, nC/m? 6, eee134 Q= Jpas= 6b seb, SO Lore +6), —2 2n(6,+6,)r"” 0, ra Prob. 5.40 (a) The two interfaces are shown below glass oil 2 oil-glass Ey = 2000, Ey =0= Ey = Ey Dyp=Dip= Diy —> 81m =€2E y= 8B ofug 24 = = a Ein = 5 (2000)= 705.9 Vim, 02 = 0° 30 In = Fg (2000) = 6000 Vim, 0; = 0°135 Ey, = 2000c0875° = 51763, Ey, = 2000sin75° = Ey, = Es, = 193185 Bye Lig 25176501827, yp o hty a Z(si75n)~iss29 sh En 35 Henny E, = JEy? + Ey? = 19405, E,= JE,,'+ Ey; = 24785, Prob. 5.41 (a) p,=D,=¢, e VIS? +8" = 0.1503 nC/m? ©) Dy =p,=-20nC D= Da, = (-20 nCV-a,)= 20a, nC/ m? Prob. 5.42 At the interface between «, and 2¢,, E,cos30", E, = E,sin30° 0.5E, tan! 25 0.433 At the interface between 2¢, and 36,, E, =E,=05E, Dy =D, —> Ey 265 (0.433,) = 0.2887E, a" 36, The angle E makes with the z-axis is 1 Ey tag! 95 0, = tan’ = Ey 02887 =136 At the interface between 32, and 6,, Ey = By =05E, | Pu =Ds =3e ., The angle E makes with the z-axis is * (0.2887, ) = 0.866E, 6, = tan 2 = tan! 0.5 =30° Eu, 0.866 ==137 If E=Oat x=0, then 0=0-4 —» A=0 If V=Oat x=a, then 2 Poo +p > B. v Ee?) P.E.62 Va Axe By, Vy = Apx+ By Vx Ad+B, —> B, Vue 048, —» B,=0 Vix=a)=V,X=a) —> @A+B=A,0 Dyy= Dm —> 8A, =874z V,-Ad atta, & AasV,-Ad=2Lal, —> -a+d+2ta) e2 82 & el, Ay = Sb 4, — tte Pe, Vepd—ejateaPLE. 63 Example 6.3, F-—eo, De=s£ The charge on the plate ¢=0 is J JJew- Popa 9 10° 1.5x—— a 36H 5p 1000 _ = 5.226 4 Q=CYV, = 444 x10" x50 C = 22.2 nC P.E.6.4 From Example 6.4, V,=50, 0,=45°, @=90°, r=V3? 44742? =J29, o=ton'£= z 5 tan'> lan 50In(tan34.?) v= Tnflana2.s%) S425. — > =0=68.2°; — tan45°=1 50a, Es = 11.359, V, Jv aineB.2nftan22.5) 25a VIM139 E.65 =-w-=-Me -™, Ea-W=-Fa,-Say => Sagi leostnewsnh (nyhd) a, +sin(nax/bjcosh(nzy/b)a, | a @) At (%y)=(@, a2), 400 (0.3775 —-0.0313 + 0.00394 — 0.000585 +.. m E=0a, +(-115.12+19.127 -3.9411+0.8192 0.1703 +0.035-0.0074 +...}a, 99.25a, V/m (b) At (xy) = Ga/2, a/4), (0.1238 + 0.006226 — 0.00383 + 0.0000264 + .. Fa E = (24.757 ~ 3.7358 -0.3834 + 0.0369 + 0.00351— 0.00033 +....)a, H-66.25~ 4.518 +.0.3988 + 0.03722 — 0.00352 — 0.000333 +....)a, =20.68a, -70.34a, V/m P.E.6.6 V(y= a) =V, sin(7 x16) = > cy sin(ormx /6)sinbiomma/ b) By equating coefficients, we notice that c,=0 for #7. For n=7, V, sin(7 nx /b) = c, sin(7nx /6)sinh(7ma/b) —> °° ataTh Hence LA 5 5 VOEY)= Segaa Toy sim ** 8) sinhi7ny /2) P.E.6.7 Let V(r,0,4)= R()FO)OO). ‘Substituting this in Laplace's equation gives OF d( dR), RO Fa a) a) * sind140 Dividing by RF@/r’ sin?@ gives sin’ @ dy), sind d/. ido .,, if ae R)+ fe wp sin) =~ are "tN =0 One yi Clie pon Ra" R+)+ ap gy (sind) =? / sin? 1d¢ any id). _ 22x3.510" 2“ Inc/a In2 36x = 342.54 pF/m, = 280.52 pF/m C,=Cl=1.54 nF (b) C; and C2 are in parallel. 7 =C+C, = Mako, Fate _ Ment Salto _ 6% 10” 15) 7 oF /m C=C+Ginbja* inbia~ Inb/a ~~ in3 36x Lath C,= Cl= 152 nF P.E. 6.13 Instead of Eq, (6.31), we now have [ot --fOH 2 nba fare? } 70a 3” Gone, Q 40x 10° Wl n4/15 36x P.E.6.14 Let Foi +h+h+h +h 7= 12,.0,5 are shown on in the figure below.143 2 015 01 005 0 005 O14 a, + F(2,5iN30? +4, 60530") _ Gla, C0530" +a/sin30"),___ Ga, ime “4x6,(21 COs 30°) “Ane, (210 “4ne,{2r cos30°P _ Qa, c0s30° - a, sin30") anes” 32° 2 Jal 2 *2)3%" 2 72 (oe) yo .9 1_5¥3 -5¥3)|_ on sf). a, (2 2 = -52.4279a, 30.274, iN()) —>A=110— > (2) av en”, de150 From(1) B=-0.024=-2.2 Then Atx=0 Atx=50 mm =0.05 m, 10x0.05-2.2 Prob. 6.14 2 lav VVC atone) = V=AG+B Note: In this problem Vis a function of $ alone. Also, there is an insulation at p= 0. Hence we are justified if we cancelled p*. When g=0, V=50=B When ¢ Vv =-50 -50=-A/0.5 +B151 Or -50=-2A +B @ Atr=1,V=50 ——* 50=-A+B (2) From (1) and (2), A= 100, B= 150, and 10.150 Prob. 6.16 From Example 6.4, ve siz) tan, /2, ¥,=100, 0; =30°, 0)=120°, r=V3?+07 +4 =5, O= tan p/z=tan”' 3/4 = 36.87° wnt /2) 5sin36.87" In6.464ap Ind V¢p = 15mm)=705755= 124. (b) As the electron decelerates, potential energy gained = K.E. loss e{70-12.4]=4mfao"y -w") —> 10% 25.576 ™ 4 _2x1.6%10" Fiero 57-6=10"(100-20.25) 93x10° m/s Prob. 6.18 This is similar to case 1 of Example 6.5. Xeerte, Yeaytey But X@)=0 —+ 0=c, Y0)=0 —> O-c, | Hence, Viny)=XV =a, ay =e Also, VGy=)=20 —> Thus, V(x,y)=Sxy and E=-VV =—Sya,-Sxa, At (xy) = (1.2), V=10V, E=-10a,-Sa, Vim | Prob. 6.19 (a) Asin Example 6.5, x(x) = Asin(m/6) |For Y, ¥(y) =, cosbey /8) +c, sinkXrny/B) ¥(a)=0 —> 0=c, cosh(ma/b)+e,sinh(mma/b) —> ¢; =~c; anh(nma/>b)153 ¥ = Jy sine sinh 8) ~ tania / 8) cosh) = Vix.y =0)=V, =-3°a, tanh{nza/b)sin{nnx/b) a b Me one rine 2 stn a Ue) a 0, n=even Hence, 4Vo, vate > Snir Todd sinh(nay/b) _ cosh(nay /b) ntanh(nza/b) n AVy Ss _sin{nex/b) & Daynainhtpma TBiLINNINAY /b}cosh|nnra/b}—cosh(nry /bJsinh(a/E}] _ 4M, = sin(nzx/b)sinh{na{a- y)/b] nha nsinh(nza/b) Alternatively, for Y ¥(y) =e; sinhaady~€,)/6 ¥(a)=0 —+ O=«)sinh[rm(a—c,)/b] —> =a Seo y | where %, 6,24” msinh(rmaby? 7 084 0, n=even (b) This is the same as Example 6.5 except that we exchange y and x. Hence s sin(nzy /a)sinh(nzx/a)] ot nsinhintb/a) Ay, Vixy)=— (©) This is the same as part (a) except that we must exchange x and y. Hence154 1M S slony alsin owl 27a} View)=— 2 nsinhinxb /o) Prob. 6.20 (a) X(x) is the same as in Example 6.5. Hence sin(rmx / b)fa, sinb(nny /b) +b, cosh(rmy /b)] = At y=0, V=Vi Ce) / At y=a, V=V2 V_ =)? sin(rme /b)fa, sinh(rma/b) +b, cosh(rma/b)] en =odd 4, sinh(mna /6)+6, cosh(mna / 6) = 0, n=even or , 7, -F, ema), =o 0, n=even Alternatively, we may apply superposition principle. i ie. V=¥,+¥y Va is exactly the same as Example 6.5 with ¥, =Y;, while Vp is exactly the same as Prob. 6.19(a). Hence155 4 e _sinmx/b) - = ssinhGrnca roy inh (a y)/B]+ V, sinh(rmy /6)] V(x,y) = (aye +4,e"** Ya, sinay +a, cosay) lim ¥(xy)=0 —> a, =0 0 a=mla, n=123, = Me F snoayla, A aa exw(- x / a)156 0 0 Therefore, VV, 4 Vy Vy Vy sin(nax/b) _ 4 & 1 sinh(nza/b) ar fein, sintn/a) py, sinh(nzb/a) [¥, sinh(nx(a—y)/b)+V, sinh(nmy /6)] sinh(nzy/a)+V, sinh(nx(b ~ x)/a)]| where ry =. 5 Hse 10) « Sh asinh(mma/b) _ HS sinkoenx fa) sinh(omy 1a) ne asim) Vy = Bes Se Snes sary 10 Ky sinh(rma/6) 12(,00), 12% 9 pop ap) p? ay? If we let (0,9) = RPO), © 2 m1 22 oes no=0 pape or Po opy= Rpm Hence ‘sh =0z -42(7%) 12 Ging My | Ta” a) Fein Oa? If ¥,9)=ROFO, #0, 4 apy, 4 Gi A 4 Ginor)= POO ne w=? Dividing through by RF gives d 1d ES y= gL Gono) =r sinOF"s-cosOF'+AF sind = 0 F'scotOFshF =0 Also, 4R)-ar= ae 'R)-AR=0 = mitt Prob. 6.23 If the centers at ¢=0 and $=n/2 are maintained at a potential difference of Vo, from Example 6.3,1 2otin(b/a) Prob. 6.24 If V(r=a) V(r=b)=¥,, from Example 6.9, 2nV,0 Ta= 115 oo G=1/ R= 2nas Alternatively, for an isolated sphere, C= 4nea. But159 E 5 d From Example 6.11, c= fezrav= | From Example 6.8, eV ‘dp __2neL 7 Wray rie |e “Inbla ay, P/a-1/b) | From Example 6.10, d eve & d0drd = ®t 7 Waa crn (eT? Prob. 6.27 Cd _2x10°x10* =— =——_,— m’ = 0.5655 cm? ae 4x10? 736" ™ ~ 25055.cm" Prob. 6.28 This can be regarded as three capacitors in parallel.160 C=G+G+G=5%% a Figs [315107 «20107 + 541510 x20%10? + 8x15%x107 x20%107] x 210? 15x10? «20x10? Tao? BS +81= This may be regarded as three capacitors in series. 2 10" 0.6583 ale on Cy == OF “* 367x0.6583 | Prob. 6.30 From the figure above,161 as de We = fleet a = ety B?xad +4 Baal -2) patel DY0 Od £8 _ 10° 20010 36m 3x10"162 | (b) 9, =D, =10° nC/m?. But 10"? x 200x10" x 36x10" 131 mN 2 a 3.5x8x107 x20 107 =49.51x10? F Q=49.51 pF Prob. 6.35 10° > 8 _ 23557709) ad 4x107 +0358 —10°@.3) a ist! Q=CV =5x10°x6163 a 266,58 ‘When the plate spacing is doubled W, When the plate spacing is halved 0, 2D a FO 2668 46, Prob.6.37 This can be treated as three capacitors in series CH 228 _ £8.14) _ |? dd, 2xt Recall the figure illustration used in the solution of Prob.6.29. 1_1. 1, 1 _ 0.002787 eee CGGG & C=358.816, =358.8110- 7 36r C=3,1726 nF4nx225x 10 36a 1 1 a b 5x10? 10x107 (6) Q=CV.= 25x80 pC 7 Bo pC/mn’ oe 4nx 25x!165 4x _Wb-Va , Ve-W/b Md=We c & & a Ax (G-2)E+(2-2)2+(4-2}2 b ajs, lc bje, \d cJe, = Amibedeyeney albce,€, + bde,e, + cde,e,)—d(bce,e, + ace,e, + abe,6,) Prob. 6.40 ane cs a Since b —>o, C= 4na6,6, = 4n%5%107 «80%! 36m Prob.6.41 Given a= 1 em, 6 =2em, ¢= 2.256. ab C= 4ne,¢,| (*.) 2.25 (2,}e" 9x10°\2=1 =5x10 F =5pFProb. 642 | 10° 6 dna, _2®* 3gq%100x10 - 3 18 = —362__ 1.63 In@/a) 1n(600720) ae 50x10" v=gic=—) 2 1.633x10" | Prob. 6.43 RC=C/G=8/o0 ao “cosh” (d/ 2a)nebo Prob. 6.45 (a) Method 1: E=2:(-a,), where p, isto be determined. é __ [Pee = tL ~fesat=— Foc a, Fa ox =Zedinic+af? é lo 2d pdin2t > p= He a, («+a)in2-* Method 2: We solve Laplace’s equation d_ dv. VeeVV)=FeG0 > V=e,|n(x+d)+e, Vie=0)=0 —+ O=¢,Indte, —> ¢,=-c,lnd Vie=d)=V, —+ V,=¢,In2d-c,Ind=c,ln2 Vo (+ a)in2“*168 ___ £0XV dix+a)in2 Pos beo= P #(-A,) hao= 9 EM, Pralna=P #0, ham tes Prob. 6.46 Method 1: Using Gauss’s law, Q= JDedS=4nr°D, —+ D Q E=D/e= is Grek at @ Va—fevat= 7G Jar =—7 2 g0-0)Method 2: Using the inhomogeneous Laplace’s equation, . La (ab, 1). VeGVV)=0 —>+ Se 2 cee — Pea or Ve Art+B Ver=a)=0 —+» 0=4at+B —+ B=-Aa V,= Ab+ B= Alb-a) —> Prob. 6.47 Method 1: We use Laplace’s equation for inhomogeneous medium. VeVV= ott (net). 0170 wv —> 5 -=A or V=Ap+B Vp=a)=0 —+» 0=Aat+B —+ Vp=b)=V, —+ V,= Ab+ B= A(b-a) v, Method 2: We use Gauss’s law. Assume Q is on the inner conductor and —Q on the outer conductor.im ote B =t4—— ptp) p l+p Using partial fractions A=1,Be-1 wail i] 4 [mn p-ina+p)]]° a2 Jin tn Aled a = Qt) v 618, “SS Substituting a=1mm, b=5mm, we get capacitance per meter length as: @ = 0326 nF /mThe images are shown with proper sign at proper locations. Figure does not show the | actual direction of forces but they are expressed a follows: “(cei173, | where 5 =[G-aF +y-ay +27] P(wyz) -Q 6a, a, 0) 4+Q (-a,-a,0) -Q(a,-a,0) n=[@+ar+(y-ay+27]” n= [Cray r(yraree]” n=[@-a? +0+ay +27] Prob. 6.52 an 3nc An a : 7 2 4 ae 1 (@) Q=-GnC —4nC) = In (b) The force of attraction between the charges and the plates is FoR that ha thy174 9 202), " Gaxl0? /36n|2 3 Prob. 6.53 We have 7 images as follows: -Qat (-1,1,1), -Qat (I-1,1), -Qat (1,1,-1), -Qat -1-1-1), Qat (1-1-1), Qat (-1,-1,1), and Q at (-1,1,-1). Hence, 2 2, (24, +24, +2a,) | (2a, +2a,) BOS pe ge ,(2+24,) | (2a, +20,) gz + wid =0.9a, +4, a] 7 aE a) 1092{a, +4, +a,) N175 =1[20- Gao n 20 20 | nC/m? = -1.018a, nC/m? p,=-1018 nC/m Prob. 6.56 y=2 y=4 8 ye4 =O | At P(0,0,0), E=Q since E does not exist for y<2. | At Q(-4,6,2), y=6 and 10” E=y a= U6, on BRIO" 136m =-3.4a, kV/m (-30a, + 20a, - 20a, ~30a,) = 182(-60)a,176 CHAPTER 7 we -of PE. 7.2 eee ee y Woaa('* J) (b) p=V3 +4 =5,a, =0,cosa, =— (5) 4a, +3a, a, =a, x{ 2290: | _ Sas +34, 5 5 2 (,,12)(4a,+3a,) 1 walt) 5 pape) =48.97a, +36.73a, mA/m | PE. 7.3 (a) From Example 7.3, Ia “Ieee At (0,0,-lem), z= 2cm, 30x10 25x10 2 +2 P? x10 (b) At(0,0,10em), z = 9em,50x10? x 25x10 (5? +97)? x10 PE.74 NI _ 2x10? x50x10"(cos8, —cos6,)a, = 77 (costs cosa, = 20.75 100 a “Fy (e080, - cos0,)a, 075 (©) At(0.0.0), 0 = 90°, e090 = Toor = 0.9978 00 Fis (0.9978-0)a, = 6.52.9, A/m (b) At (0,0,0.75), 8, = 90°,cos0 , = -0.9978 100 H= 5 Or 09978)a, is 05 (c) At (0,0,0.5), cos0, = ————= = -0.995 © Are ?. M05? + 0.05? 0.25 0,= = 0.9806 oon Yoas* + 008" 0.25 Jo2s?+0.05* cos, = H 0806 +0.995)a, H=1Kxa, 2 @ H(0,0,0)= 4504, x(-4,) 25a, mA/m &) H(,5,-3)=1504, xa, 25a, mA/m178 PE.76 MM p-a) LetH=Hy+H, Per Hyasn, oNaP os Tp4, (4a, + 3a,) = 050930, +0.382a, 2n(25) ” * For Bsa oD =a (3a +50,) _ 3a, +5a, vB 34 Sa, +3a,)=0.234a, +0.14 = an +3a,)= +0.1404a, iy + He =.0.7433a, +0.382a, + 0.1404a, A/m Prob. 7.2 (a) Let Han, +H, = a -a,) x (=a, + Say eye (-a,) ee, +e 3979, + 0.39794, Aim ) pan 4H, =10teX(24,-26,) ,~100, (2a, +24,) a 2a(8) 278) 40 Alaa) 0.7958(a, +2,)A/m i) At (0,0,1), R=a, = At: 931830, Alm 4x0)181 @ At(L1,D, R=0,1,1) _4a,x(@, +4, ae 61.26(-a, +a,) mA/m. Prob. 7.4 aan =14R 4nR dl =5x10"a,,1=3, R=(0,0,0)—(0,4,-3) = (0,-4,3), RA RIES ao 3(5x10"a, )x(-4a, +34,) 4n5° 38, a gp O80), p=\P+¥ cosa, oan la +p a,xa, =a, xa, =a,. Hence,182 (94) a @,=9-f, @,=90-f, cosa, = cos(90~ f,) = cos 90cos f, + sin 90sin f, =sin B, Similarly, — cosax = cos(90~ ,)=sin f, I = J (sin, ~sin a, | #-—_ ose, -cosa,)a, in183, | For H,,, a =90" so that cosa, =0 cose, =e, p=8 ay" a, =a,xa, =a, xa, = 4a, mt - 09.) = Sig = 008s, = ax8\ Je0 4x80 ForH,, @,=90 —» cosa,=0 20a, H, -0|a, = = 0.177944, , (3 Je 4x80 : H =H, +H, =(44.485+177.94)a, mA/m 222.43a, mA/m. cosa,=0, cosa,210 4x6) Vis” (b) At (5,5,0), p=5V2, cosa, =0, -a,+a, -a, + Pe (22 [ 4x52) vi50 | V2 10 (c) At(5,15,0), 9=250=5V10, cosa, =0, cosa, = 5 5a, -15a, svi0 2 H-—2 _ david) 350 4) At(S-15,0), by symmetry, mA/m A(Q2,0,0) B(I,1,0)185 Consider the figure above. AB = (1,1,0) - (2,0,0) = (-1,1,0) AC = (0,0,5) - (2,0,0) = (-2,0,5) AB-AC = 2, ie AB and AC are not perpendicular. AB-AC 2 cos (180°-a,) = iaBlad a os = (00,5) - (41,0) = (-1,-1,5) = (1,-10) peers ge OC: DAS sweet ener * ~ [pciipa;—|BcifB4| = p= (1-15), p = V7 ae Cobo) ~ hobs) _ (55,2) Vat 54 10 2) (5, 5,2) 5 (55,2) 0+ = = - Ah 4x27 ( §) Vor ~ oni” 27374, + 27374, + 10.95 a, mA/m H, +H, +H, = (0, -59.1,0) + (27.37, 27.37, 10.95) + (-30.63, 30.63, 0) -3.264, -1.1a, +10.95a, mA/m (a) Let H = H,+H, = 2H, H, = ane - cosa; )a,186 where a, = -a,xa, = —a,, a = 180°, @, = 45° 3 (cos 45° -cos 180°) (-a,) 5 amt (-a,xa,) = 198.9a, mA/m aor (,xa,) = 198.94, mA/m 0.19894, + 0.1989a, A/m. Prob. 7.12 For the side of the loop along y-axis, I Hy = Ge (cosa,-cosa,) a, (cos 30°-cos 150°) (-a,) = =. =1.79a, Alm187 [Prob. 7.13 Let H = H,+H,+H,+H, where 7, is the contribution by side n. @ H = 2H,+H,+H, since H,=H, Fpl -cosa,)a, 10 2 ma “Tao. ‘Eel a)ts At (4,80), H = H,+2H,+H, ain ab) % = alg eH 2 ay (Fm -0.1178a, A‘wa (Ee) ahs (a) Co (cers) (s iat ~ = 0.34574, - 0.31654, 135°, a, =a, x(-a, H,=— ata} oe 4mp\2 2) * anal? Therefore,189 (a) Consider one side of the polygon as shown. The angle subtended by the side at the center of the circle is 2% , See figure below. n ‘The field due to this side is 1, = (cosa, -cosaz,) 2ap where p=r, cosa, =c0s(90-%) =sinZ ncaaH = tim sin2 = 29 arn From Example 7.3, when h = 0, Prob. 7.16 (E10 == @® ‘#H,+H,+H, +H, 10 —— 62. 4x4x107 Sm 1 Jaxano? (cos a,-cos 90°)a,, a 19.88 a, = tan 1 00 err 4 1 2 cos 87.7°a, = 0.06361 a, in (62.5+219.88+ 0.06361) a, 102.32 a, A/m.Prob. 7.17 From Example 7.3, H due to circular loop is Sx? Sx? a(zeoy? © a(rsvye* = 1362, Aim 5x2? 2 (42) = 0.884 a, A/m (®) H (0,0,0) = ©) H (0,0,2) = 2 (Ke nit _ 0.5%150x2%107 afar + 4) = 69.63 A/m 2x10 xV4? +10?a4 b’ 20 |A| = B cos 0, BRS oo 1131" 025 8 Prob. 7.19 °P(4,3,2) a) a Oia )x° = (-147a, + 0.88a,) mA/m 4(100x10°) a, x (-a,) = -0.05a, A/m =1.47a, -49.12 a, mA/mProb. 7.20 (@) See text () For pa futat = fa-as = i Zeoagap re) H,2ap=J,2naProb. 7.25 @ s=vxH=t4(pH,,0, pdp (b)For p>a, a GH-dl=1,.= [J-dS = ° H,2np = 2nk,a H=4(2 ho, pra Prob. 7.26 (a) B= = a, At (34,5), p=5 fe 80a, W/m? J ped, 7 x 6 |4 we Behe see enol =16x107 In3=1,756 u«Wb Prob. 7.27 v = Bas = 1 LOIS sin24 p op ae Pa y= 4nx107x10°(0.2) (-*)| lo = 0.04x (1-cos 100°) = _0.1475 We197 where H, and H, are due to the wires centered at x = 0 and x = 10cm respectively. (a) ForH,,p=S0cm, a, = a,xa, = a,xa, =a, A= 2 Ba, 2n(5x107 r ForH,,p=Sem, a, = 1. = 4, H=H, H = 2H, = () Ford, A, = -3.183a, +6.366a, 2n5V5 x10 For H,,a,= —a.xa, H, 2 a, = 15.915a, 2x(5) H = H+, = 1234, + 6.3664, Alm (@ I= [yas =f fra reaods =, fa fo-2 a0 F0p=0 ae 2 =| LP Ne 2 24 aru,( 2 £5) 2 (« |For p>a Hence, Prob. 7.30 () GH-dl = 1, 198 = fras For p a Prob.7.32Prob. 7.33 @ ven By a oy & showing that B satisfies Maxwell’s equation, (b) dS =dydea, = (Be. “ afl \4 vf] [roa Fh (©) VxH=J > =vx% My i, ay A, a 2) =—220, -2sa, -270, eee (2a, +xa, + ya,) Alm? On the slant side of the ring, z = £ (p-a) where H, and H, are due to the wires centered at x = 0 and x = 10cm respectively} feas = fee dp dz Hel pe endsdp pth wr, a al pr fiend at ply 8) ap 2nb P Bolh (o-ain att) as required. 2nb a If a = 30cm, b = 10cm, h = Sem,1 = 10A, 4nx10" x10%0.05 (01-031 4) 2n(10x10") 3 x 10% We201 Prob. 7.35 ee 10710" gg = 29% singe, Pp y= faeas, dS = pdddza, y=04e ff sin dodge Bau,H= 5 04 far fin odg aa =0. 4n(2)(-cos¢|z”) = 0.82(—cos 60" +cos0") 0.82(1-0.5)= 0.47 Prob. 7.36 wig 5 ve Jfpeas J J—cosdodoag $ Hop P = Sph, singl*”* = 3.535 Wb Prob. 7.37 (a) —ya sin ax + 0 a pero vxA =| ox ay yoosax 0 yte* a, +e%a, - cosara, # 0 Ais clectrostatic nor magnetostatic field202 18 10 VB pap?) pao) =0 VxB = 0 B can be E-field in a charge-free region. 18 ane = Del sag ag acne 1a rsind 00 Cis possibly H field, VxC = (F sin? 0)a,-42(esind)ay 0 T Prob. 7.38 (a) V-D y ae ey yz Ax+Dyz {x+1)2” = AxtDya, +... #0 Dis possibly a magnetostatic field. vxD VE = 12 (eencoss)+2 (222) 0 VxE = —cosOa,+... # E could be a magnetostatic field. 16 1 (sind VF = <(2 |] 40 r Fal 8) + al r ) * VxF = LL 2 (ersna) « 282), #0 rl r | F can be neither electrostatic nor magnetostatic field. | Prob. 7.39 Hldl _ tha, dar 4ar This requires no integration since L V, From Example 7.3, H = Prob. 7.49 For the outer conductor, 1 I a(@-8) ~~ x(16-9)a" A,a,.. Using Poisson's equation, Hol Ten lp Tat or Integrating once, nn op 14na* wa. we LG op 14aa* o208 Integrating again, 9 pggll + eIn3a + 6, 9 =o In3a - oy, Sin en Hal (&-9) +oln a HIP VxA a, = {2% 1 + 2a(3a) H, 1 or Hy, = —— + Gna Thus, Vx AL, = y,H (p=3a) implies that (4 + 2.) eee I4xa * 3a, Cit) oD Thus,209 v, (a) At (-2,0,5), V,,=50A. (b) At (10, 3,1), V,, =-250A.wv yt oe sv), , (ay _ pug)? * \eap (sa ~ aes} eo 7 a, = 0 p \ap0¢ = addp )* (&) V-(Vx4) = V- [ ules P| v4 1 je apag oe Pp ofee a(i2 o(4%) + £[-(p. s|-32 acl pap a\p op FA, 1a 5 eG, pea -¢ 2) (x-x)a, [(x-x) +(-9) (2-2) ]* +9,and a, terms a+ Fa Za) [O- xP +(y-yJ +(2— ayy" = [e- x Hv) (2-2) a, + 2a) [lox oo-v e2y 42 (x-x) 4, [Gx +-y +@-2)" il +a, and a, terms 7 ~ [onde +(o-9)6, +(2-a)a.Y/ _212 CHAPTER 8 ma = eux B = (eBotly, -eBoty, 0) Psd, dy dy213 a: & 0G CG @) From (1) and (2), (D? + wW'D)x = 0 > Dx = (0, $j@)x X= 02 + cscosat +c4sinot () Solving these yields a sinot,y=“cosot,z = Bt ® ‘The starting point of the particle is (0, = ,0) o @ © xety¥= Sept o showing that the particles move along a helix of radius 2/, placed along the z-axis. P.E.83 (a) From Example 8.3, QuB = QE regardless of the sign of the charge. E=uB=8x 10°x 0.5 x 10° =4kV/m (&) Yes, since QuB = QE holds for any Q and m.214 Qn PEBS m= ISa, = 10x10 x50- 143 x 10° (2, 6, -3) = (1.4294, +4.286a, —2.143a,)x107 A-m? |T|=1SBsing > |T\,,, = ISB 50x10" T hoe 6a, + 4a, +5¢ [Tan PS” 6, + 4a, +50 @ Hn46, 2, = 1, - Be B__10x10"e7 ® D Gxxl0 x46 (© M=7,H =6228e%a, Alm Alm PE.88 3a,+4a, 6a, +8a, 5 (10 (6+32)(6a, +8a,)215 = 0.2284, +0.304a, = B, 1284, +0.096a, +0.2a, =-1.28a, +0.96a, +2a, B, = B,, + B,, =1.052a, +1.264a, + 2a, Wb/m? PE.89 @ By = Bry > Hy =. Hy or 4H, °4,,, = 1H, *4,, (60+2-36)_, (6H,,-10-12) He 7 7 35=6H,, Hy, = 5.833 Alm =2u, K=(H,~Hy)* 4,2 = Gy *(H, — H) = ayy x[00,1,12)-C5K,-5.4)] ths 2 | “FP 6 8 K =4286a, -8.64a, +3.95a, Alm Since B= 1H , B, and H, are parallel, i.e. they make the same angle with the normal to the interface. 26 = 0.373 7Mi00-+1+144 H, 1, 0, = 77.62"P.E.8.11 From Example 8.11, Io kp pd pdgdz ale ‘bole Sivoo? ln, du a mf! wal? 7 ere _2ax1.2x10% 4x07 -0.25 d-a=314.19a =314.19x 2588x107 _ 2 d = 407.9mm = 40.79cm217 PE. 8.13 This is similar to Example 8.13. In this case, however, h=0 so that 2b 2 _ Hota? _Anxl0xax4 ma 2b SCO 4x10” x10x107 4 PE. 8.15, (a) From Example 7.6, = 2p _ 2x10x10? x0.5%107 weN 4xxi0? x10 x10 Alternatively, using circuit approach 1 _2mp, _ 2mp, Ree e HS HS oft 3=M=2 = 20H | 9s obtained before. N uatN «10107 2B. 21010" 1 591010? pa? Axx107 x10 ‘J = gM = 0.5x107x1.591x10°=7.9577x10° 3 1=5)= 795-774 as obtained before, If 1500},PE. 8.16 y= BeS _ (1.5) x10x10% _ 22500 _ “2, 2x4ax10 ar — F = q(E +uxB) IF =0, E = -uxB = Bxu 10 20 30 = 10° x10" |; 2 -ato™ E = -44a, + Ba, +6a, kV = 9.11107" x (2x 10") (0.4% 10") = 14.576 nN From Example 83, QuB=QE —» u=£=10x10 Bee, | Prob. 8.4 @ F=ma=Q(E+uxB) d lu, uw aa =2| 4 fee ay tert) [ ae ‘| =0>4,=4, 8a, +10u,a, —10u,a, @ @ii, +100u, =0-» u, = B,cosl0r + B, sin10r From (2), 10u, = 8+, = 8-108, sin10r + 10B, cosl0r u=0.8-Bysin10t +Bxcos! Ot Att-0, w= 0-> 4, =0,B, =0,B, =-08 Hence, w= (0, -0.8sin101, 0.8-0.8cos10r) @ to yng dt 2 =-O.Bsin10f > y = 0.08c0s10¢ +c, 2 =08-0.8cosl01 > z= 81+c,—0.08sin10¢ Att=0, (x, ¥,2)=(2,3,-4) => 12, €2°2.92, e=-4 Hence (x, y, 2) = (2, 2.92 + 0.08cos101, 0.8t — 0.08sin10t — 4) Att=1, (x, ¥, 2) = (22,853, -3.156) (b) From (4), at t=1, w= (0, 435,1.471) m/s (1)(0.435? +1.471") = LIZIS Prob. 8.5 ma =QuxB 3 [te My u, =-2x1 1OPa=—2x10-| 9g A a ttt) = (20-12)220 From (1) and (3), 12, =-144u, ii, +144u, =0 > u, = ¢, cosl2t +, sin12t From (1), ui= - esin12t + ezeos12t Att=0, U5, y=0, U0 > Ar“0Rc2, er=5 Hence, m= (Sc0s124,0,—Ssin 124) u(t = 103) = (5c0s120,0,-5sin120)= 4.071a, ~2.903a, m/s AL =0,(% ¥,2) =, 1,2)> By=0, Bre, Brat? 7 5 2 (», sin 121 1,75 cos 121+ + | At t=10s, | us 5 Gy,2) 3 sin120,1,75008120+ By eliminating t from (4), H(z 149 = KY. y=1 which is a circle in the y=1 plane with center at (0,1,19/12). The particle gyrates.or ii, + wu, = 0 u, = Acoswt + Bsinwt i, ' —“: = Asin wt-Beoswt w ALE=0, uy = Us, Uy =0-> A= uo, B=0 | Hence, ae 4 u, coswt => x="* sin wt +6, at w ; " u,sinwt=2 > y=—“ecoswt-+e, dt w Att=0,x=0=y > c1=0, =“. Hence, w Me sin wt, y = “2 (1-coswt) w w : 2 teas’ sn?) = (#2) ar10-% w . w showing that the electron would move in a circle centered at (0, “ ), But since the field w does not exist throughout the circular region, the electron passes through a semi-circle and leaves the field horizontally. (b) _d=twice the radius of the semi-circle 2u,m BeaE 4 a@ ° Wane m=04x107 kg g =9.81m/s? V, =12000 V d =8x107 m V, E =-2 =15x10° V/; 7 x m mg _ 04x10" oa! = 26.16C 15x10 Prob. 8.8 03 F= [idixB= [2d(~-a,)x(4a, -8,) a la, a, a, (a,)x(4a,—8a,)=|0 -1 Of= 4 0 -9 F =2(8a, + 4a,)(0.2)=3.2a, +1.6a, N | Prob. 8.9 J, J=IxB—> F= La Ja,xB, =e L 2mp a, x(-a,)42%10" (~100)(200) mN/m. (repulsive) 2a et ee 3 2n(5) 0.72, +0.96a, mN/m (attractive)23 _ 49x10" x6x10')( 2 2x3) F, =-3.28a, +0.96a, mN/m xa,)=—4a, mN/m(attractive) {attractive due to Lz and repulsive due to Ly) Prob. 8.10 hI, _ 42x10 010 = =100 uN mp 2n(20x107) a Prob. 8.11 W=-fFed, F= flax =3(20,)xcos%f a, F = 600394 a, N W= = focostf nts =-6p, x3sin¥f |", q 4a: le Bb; R= I Fao tea xa = = 215) Ga, @ we. =2In3a, pN = 2.1970, 2N F,= [ial,xB, Hh (apa, + da, xa, ool FP [dea] But p = 2+2, dz=dp F,-A0" 62) it pee, de] sy ~a,)N =1.386a, -1.386a,a,uN {—[dpa, - dea, |224 -p+6,dz=-dp 4 (5)(2) f+ [apa, ~dea, | ps P 4zx10” 2a 2In 4K (a, +4,)uN =-0.8109a, -0.81094,uN F=F+F,+F, =a,(in4+In4—In9) +a,(In9-In4+n4—In9) BR BI Se fact Sec 4nx107 x75x150 (Pac A Sac ee Jf =2x1.12500830"a, mN/m =1.125x107 =1.949a, mN/m F100, x(-a,)=Su,a, 1 F = 1, fdh,xB=2.5 [dva, x(5p1,0,)=2.51x54,(4,) F 2175x 4m 107 (a,)=15.71 TL F = [idl B= ILx B =5(2a,)x40a,10°225 Let B= B,+B, +B, +B, where B, = Holi! 2mp | For(1), a, =a, xa, =a, x(-4,)= B= 42107 x2000x10 2nx 20x10" For (2), p= 6a, ~2a,, _ 4x10” x200010 n= Fa xdOx10? 264) ~0.02a, -0.06a, For (3), p= 6a, +6a,, _ Las + 64,) _ (6a, + 64,) Vz VR a, =a,226 Delo 4xx10 *2000%10 (64, + 6a,) 2x 720x10 0.03333a, +0.03333a, For (4), a, =-a, xa, =a,, 5, = AXIO 2200010 5 = 0.066674, 2a x 60x10 B=(2+34-MY—-Yyxto'a, +(-36+ Yyxt0"a, =0.21333a, ~0.02667a, Wb/m? Note: We have not considered the idea of magnetic images in this problem. Prob. 8.17 S(x,yz)=x42y-$2-12=0 —>» Vf =a, +2a,~Sa, MS _ a. +2ay ~5a, ivfl 30 B ~~ 2cos6a, +sina,) r At(10, 0,0), r= 10; 0=%/,a, =a,,a,=—a, k -0.5x107 a, =-*5(0- =05 a.= 70-4) ok B= 22 (acost, +sin At (0,3,0),=3, =a, =a,,4, B= 50-4, 27 At 3, 4,0), 15, At(l, 1,-D, 5, tn9=% =V7/, 16. sino =9/,,c080=— Ve27 0.5 Prob. 8.19 Let F=F+F,+F, F, = [dix B= ‘pera, x30, mN ~ Fu.Bu ho B, =p, = 79H (200, -152,) = 4004, -3004, a My B, = B,, + B,, = 400a, ~300a, +30, mWb/m? (400,~300,30) #H,= Feats Ache nd 2 4xx107(20) =11.94a, +1.194a, kA/m230 Prob. 827 H,,=H, = a0, +60, B,,=B, —> ty Hy, = 4H, Ha H=a0,+4 pa, +5a, Py ,, -An, =4 fa, Prob. 8.28 @ B, =B,, = 15a, H, = H, > = by B, = an, = = (100, - 202.) Hence, B, = 4a, +15a, — 8a, mWb/m? ‘i B (4 +15? +8")x10% © oe ont 7 7" 2x2x42x10 60.68_J/m* ? +15? +207) x10* _ (erst + De 57.7 Im 2xSx4nx10 ae 1 1 = By = ety Hm, = 1 jodax107 x1 (16+9+1) 16.34 yl /m?231 _ Vf _ 2a+a, re = 2) (2a,+a,) = -2a,-a, H, = H,, +H, =-2.24, +3.9a, ~ M, = fypH =9H, =-19.84, +35.la, -9a, Alm B, = pH, =10p,H, = 42 x(-2.2,3.9,-1) Wim? 27.65a, + 49a, -12.57a, {W/m Hea, = H, 0088, Hea, _(-8+3)/V5 ° = Mieen = 0.4385 + Q=116 C8 Feror sce (4.443.9/V5 __9 g4g7 a |, the above angles would be acute.232 .05625y1,4, Prob. 8.31 H,,=-3a,, Hy =10a, +154, H,, =10a, +154, H,, =4.n,, = (-20,) =-0.0150, ry 200 H, =10a, +15a, -0.015a, B, = 4H, = 200x 42x10 (10,15,-0.015) Sla, +3.77a, - 0.0037, mWb/m* 0.0037 =0.047° "start Y,G0-40)a, x(-a,)=-Sa, Alm B= u,H = 4nx10" (-Sa,)= 6.280, Whim? H= V4 (-30-40)a, =-35a, A/m B= p1,u,H = 42x10" (2.5(-35a, H= Yh (-30+40)a, =5a B= p,H =6.283a,p Woim?Prob. (@) The square cross-section of the toroid is shown below. Let (u,v) be the local coordinates and p,=mean radius. Using Ampere’s law around a circle passing through P, we get y| NL HOmXe+v)=M —> Haz The flux per turn is ane Nia, ( p,+al2 We Bdudy = He jn} Po*2°= J an '\p,-a/2 ‘ar m0l2 NY ater ( 22 +2) TQ \2p,-4 () The circular cross-section of the toroid is shown below. Let (7,0) be the local coordinates. Consider a point P(r-cos@, p, +r sin ) and apply Ampere’s law around a circle that passes through P. NI NI H(2a\(p,+rsin@)=NI- = —> N= 3p, araind) * Dap,Or from Example 8.10, 2 2a? belt as HN ma Prob. 8.34 From Problem 8.33, ASO} i wns 4axi0 Ay xa(02)? sc, Prob. 8.35 | Recall the solution of problem 8.33. 2. =43+5)=4em | a=2cm pa Na, [20,40 2x "| 2p,-a Nez 2nL 2a(45x10%) pain] 220*4 | arx107(2x107) In (2 2) 2p,-4 2 48.4 or 148 = 22,023.17 | b=1.284x8 mm = 10.272 mm235 Prob. 8.37 From Table 8.3, pa Hein na 42x10” [0.25+1n(6/2.5)] = 225 nt on face Va = [Beds =I Nig _ Neb 1 a+ Po 1 2a Po ‘ [Aad 2p. Po 1386 Prob. 8.40 ‘We may approximate the longer solenoid as infinite so that B, = am The flux linking | h the second solenoid is: Here we assume air-core solenoids.236 P 4n'p? 1 HP=e, wlHt soe W = fuga = [Dfgereegpraednte = wr Lia) = hace x10? 625%10)3In(18/12) = an 304.1 pd Alternatively, b wets Hendy p HEE, 2 2a 4m Prob. 8.42 He = ntl = 20 1 1 Wet GBH, = yHH-H ku (25x4y?z? + 100x?y*z? + 225x7y?z") Z Jrndv 1 ra eae 2 aH [25f xtarf yidy Pi ztdz + 100 | xa + 225 xaxf’ dy zz] = " "237 JutPdy == [ff4.sx4zx107[200" +500? 10% dedyde = 24,510" (29%10")10(2\(2)(2)10 = 6.56 pI Prob. 8.44 r= n=! # BL 15x0.6r Bob 4x10 60012 3 turns Prob. 8.45, F =NI=400x 0.5= 200 At p= mavwe, R,=,=-© MAUWb, R, 4n 4n —_KF ____1908 at R+R+RIR, H, i 190-8 _ 19080 A/m Prob. 8.46 Total F = NI = 2000 x 10 = 20,000 A.t 1 (24+20-0.6)x107 4x10” x1500x 2x10 D 0.6107 . 7 Tas Tamia gett * 2S ALO Ahn R=R,+Re=2.502 x 107 Aim. 20,000 _ © 250210" _ 2.387%20,000 "2.502 115% 20,00238 F=NI=500x0.2 =100At A 42x107 BS 4xx107 x10? x4x10% ice HS 42x10? x 4x10" 16 1.42x10* RR =e TG F__162x100_ 162 VOR eR 142x10" 142” 9, = Ya 18210" 58s mwa? S 1.42x4x10 STETTHRte Prob. 8.48 TP __2.56x10" x2.5x107 NI SPR = Peete ne ae HS 41x17 x40x60%10"239 Prob. 8.49 Area of cross section A = 0.00015m? Mmf= NI = 500(2mA) = 1 At. Mean radius = R = 5.5107 m Reluctance = R= NE.! _2A8 95.3333 ay Weber wv HA Solving, = 27.646 H/m Magnetic flux density B = “ = 80 Tesla Prob. 8.50 2 2 6 raBS 40 _ 53.05 kn 2, 2uS 2x42x107x0.3x10" Prob. 8.51 (a) F=NI=200x 107 x 750= 150 At. 3 a IO. 83,107 HS 25x10, ae 2x01 HHS Hgx300% 25x10 S____ 150s 93,497 R,+R, 10°(3.183+ 20/3) =6.7x10" Bs yv 32x10"? 24, 2u,S 24x10? x25x10* 150 3 OE 1 90,8 =O. sear 4 _ 2x10 5x10" x150 Fenda ale = 5 gsi x25K10240 sees) Wa = Wath = => i= Waa aR 2 ga2{ |, 3m 2u,S) 2u,S 4u,S 3R,7H,S _HyS¥ _ 4x10" x200x10 x9x10° 3 3x10 . = 24x10? = mg > m Hee = 1694 kg Prob. 8.53 “ Since j1-> for the core (see Figure), Re = 0. seman B) Mee? _vOx+a) 2N71°1,Sa, (a+2x)241 © F,=IxB=0.02(-0.la, x0.5a,)=—a, mN (@) P=FU=PR=8 mW y, paver. 04) 5 aw R20 = PE. 9.2 Von = fx B)-dl where B= B,a, = B,(singa, +cosga,) , B, = 0.05 Wb/m? (uxB)-dl =—poB, sin gdz =-0.2nsin (ot +1) de ons Vig = | (uxB)-dl = -67c0s(100t) mV 3 Veqy = ~61 6080.12 = 17.93 mV Ys fa-as = J8.t(cosda, -singa,)-dpdza, = ~Fpesinga pa =-B,p,z,tsing where B, = 0.02, p, = 0.04, z, = 0.03 b= orf WY =-B,p,z,1 cos ot = -2. B,p,2, cos ot — B, p,z,fosin ot242 = (0.02)(0.04)(0.03)[eosor — art sin or] =24[cosot - ot sin ot] wV Method 2: Ving = ~ Beas JxBar B= Ba, = B,t(cosga, —singa,),g = of + 2 B,(cos¢a, -singa,) Note that only explicit dependence of B on time is accounted for, i.e. we make 6 = constant because it is transformer (stationary) emf. Thus, A 0 Vg =—B, | |(cosga, ~singa, Yi pdza, + J-P.0B,tcosgde ae a = B,p,24(sing — ot cos), $ = ot +7 = B,p,2,(cosa — asin ot) as obtained earlier. At t= ms, Veqg = 24fcos 8° —100x x10" sin 18° = 20.5uV. At t=3ms, i = 240fcosS4° —.03zrsin54°}mA243 vxH =J, 9-2, a ire cos(wt - 50x)a, -2006, sin(ot -50x)a, or H= 4we, cos(ot —50x)a, Alm © VxE=-n, one ee =0.41,076, sin(wt -50x)a, a” ex 2 1000 = 0.41,6,07 = or o= L5 x10" rad/s PESS a(l+i)_ [ vzasr 7 : ® a(H4} Ages] 143.137) = 0.24 +1032 () 6230" + j5-3+e!" =5.196+ j3+ j5-3+0.70710+ J) = 2,903.4 58.707 PE.9.6 P=2sin(lOr+x-7/)a, =2cos(10r+x-4/4-%/)a,,w=10 Pe”) O=R,(Qe™)=R,(e"(a, -a,))sinzy i) oH 1 Ong 1a apt av E= 2 (Ee, sina, +2 Gre, Oo Fain 00 FeSO, Ete= 20050) 20s cr sinor —fr)a, ~ =F sind coson- Br)a, sin O.cos(6x10" —0.2r)a, 1 is a 1 Asin(6x10" -0.2 77 eos sin(6x 1a, 9x10° 2.84610° rad/s te Ye B=1 fuxttdr=-5 costor~3y)a, "Sa er Yo “362° d Prob. 9.2 Vg = f(uxB)-dl, dl = dpa,, w= of, uxB = pod, xB,a, = B,pon, Vong = Bea, doe, = Bot Vg = 32,00245 _-y _-0 a 02 06 S J [302% 40sin@Ont —3y)drdy yoo 2 fons [foie os 03 =12002 [de [sin@0x—3y)dy = r2n0%(0.9(— 4 cononr—3 wie) me 2 (cos(30xt -0.6)—cos302t) Vos Bite R 1044 31.83sin(30-r¢— fam 7 [2sin(30x1—0.3)sin(0.3)]6xcosl0*t 7] 12.57cos10%¢_A Prob.9.5 Measuring the induced emf in the clockwise direction, guxBedl ‘Tea, x0.2a, Jedya, + fess, x0.2a, )edya, =-N 2 eas - N(10?(2) "feos ‘facsinso = 50(2)sin10°#(0.2)sin y| eaRy in 10°¢ kV Beds = He! je. Hoda), P+4 2 opp YOR a, Slime +a) Inp] ae a? lu,3, cosata,, u=u,cosota,, di =dza, 1 b = J J B.osinoxdyde — [B,u, cos" wide sty = Bool(y+a)sinot— Bousleos’ot Alternatively, ye faeas= jf i B, cosata, « dydza, = Bo(y+a)lcoswt Ba =B,(y+a)losinat—B, Preosor Vent = Botal(y+a)sinot — Bougleos*at = Buudlsin’at + Byoalsinot - Byuclcos*ot = -Boupleos2ot + Boalsinot = 6x 10° x 5[10 x 10sin10t — 2cos201] Veme = 3sin10t— 0.06cos20t V248 =f (ux B)-dl = uBlcosO _(120x10° “(3600 .293c0s65" mis)(aaxs0° )(1-6) cos6s° 97 mV Prob. 9.11 ‘Using Lenz’s law, the direction of the induced current is counterclockwise, Prob. 9.12 Ve Jeux B)edt, where u=poa,, B=B,a, * v= | owB.d) Be (ph-p') A Vv #107 (100-4) 010 _ 60x15 “2 Prob. 9.13 Ja = JOD, > Wahag, = OE, = 08 10° 2 20%10°x50 36m 0.2x10°10 2ax10 x81x—— x10 B15 25 10° 10? x81x——— 2ax x81x5F 2x10 <5 = 72x10 0 D,cos(ot+ fz) 0250 = D,fsin(wt + £2)a, PB. Joint + Bz)a,dt £, cos(or + 2)a, = Pb 06, If J=0=p,, then vxE=- 2 a van 542 Ey Since VeVx A =0 for any vector field A ,251 VevuH=-2veD=0 showing that (1) and (2) are incorporated in (3) and (4). Thus Maxwell’s equations can be reduced to (3) and (4), ie. vxE=-2 vxH= 2 ar Prob. 9.19 sine D = 6K, and B = wH vD=-p, —> vB=0 —» (2) Prob. 9.20 vE=0 —> () vw=0 —> (2) vxE=-~ —_, @) oe oes a yw & VxE= 0 Et) 0 -E, sinxcosta,From the given H, oH . ~My Se =~ Bysinxeosta, Thus equation (3) above is satisfied. But consider = = —eE, cosxsinta, The left hand side and the right hand side of (4) above differ by a factor. Thus, Maxwell's equations (1) to (3) are satisfied, but (4) is not. The only way (4) is satisfied is for 1,6 =1 which is not true. Prob. 9.21 D oJ =VecE=oVe—253 [Prob. 9.23 Vos =(0+0+32")sin 101 =P p, =~ |¥eJdr =~ fz? sint0"ear = costo +C, If pyl.o=0, then C,=0 and ? cos0°t mC/m* Prob. 9.24 For convenience, let 102/3=a, 22x10’ =o, 0.4= 4. Then H = Asinaxcos(ot— fz)a, vx Har —ABsin axsin(ot - z)a, + Aarcosaxcos(ot — 2)a, a forxmn,a = 48 sinrxcos(ot — Bz) e oe 4 Jovy ar=0 2 E,=4 fovxtfn,d =“ cosarxsin(or - 2) = oe E=Eg,+Ea, To find B, we use vx gap ot or 2 a sin axsin(o - Bz)+—*-sinaxsin(or — Po), oe oe AB" + 2°) sin rxsin(ct ~B2)a, a254 7 a Aposinaxsin(ot - fz)a, @ Equating (1) and (2), we obtain | ate pe ACP - po — p=0'pe-a? 4x? x10" 100x? jax x10" =18.14 radh 9x10 oo a & 0 D,cos(at+f2) 0 =D, Bsin(ot + B2)a, je = — oe DE Seino +B, dt 2 es = 10*)sin(10" —kz)a, = * sin(lO'r—ke)a, AlmA fx zar= 150k 4nx10" 10% p = cos(l0"t—kz)ay 23k cos(10s—ke)a, Am 2ap 2.5K sin(10"—kz)a, VxH=J, —> AAO" sin(lots ya, = 23k sin(10°-kz)a, Pe ip 2a 2 Ba SEx4A2Lx10? > 33 Prob. 9.27 aD = D=fa,dt (@) a D 60x10" os(10"— Bea, 60x10"? cos(10°s - Bz)a, C/m? al eee oH D__ aH Vxbap Se — vxSa- eal ead) xy je o Dale (-60)(—1) x10" sin(10"s - Bz)a, 0 = 2B 10" sin(tors ~Bz)a, ¢ |256 fox 2a= H é w 608 re 9B. Moos (10° Bz)a, ——x107! cos(10"1— Bz)a, A/m (b) VxH=J+J,=04J, oa @ le. 3, 3 J,=VxH= AYN 6OB 519-25 sinct0?r— Bz)a, 0H, 0 ae Equating this with the given J, 60p? 60x10" = 107 Me Solving for B, B =14.907 rad /m Prob. 9.28 ener ees VxE ey & 0 0 E.G.y0 inaxsin(at — py)a, aE, cosaxcos(at~ By)a, But VxE= a — H= ap Wea H BE. sin axcos(ot— By)a, + oo cosarxsin(ot — By)a, oYes, A isa possible EM field. (®) vea=0 vxB=1~ frocos(w-2p)Ja, #0 pa ° Yes, B isa possible EM field. (©) Vec= See" cot sin ay). Pp La ; 28 cor gei vx=+2 (cospsinan)a, -3p? Z (cotgsinara, #0 pop! Ja, -39’ a No, C cannot be an EM field. (@ vep-— nor -5r)2.(sin?® Sine —5r)-5 (sin? 0) #0 OD, 18 1 226 © wr, ra ar Pole = VxD= sin 6(~5)sin(wt -Sr)a, #0 No, D cannot be an EM field. Prob. 9.30 From Maxwell’s equations, OB VxE — 1 a a) ep ven a2 2) x SF @) Dotting both sides of (2) with & gives: Eo(Vxit)= bes +E e2 @) But for any arbitrary vectors 4 and B, Ve(Ax B)= Be(Vx A)- Ae(VxB) ed258 “Applying this on the left-hand side of (3) by letting a Ho(VxE)+V0(HxE)=Eel+ Y cospsind 10%, 36 4x10° x ta, kV/mBut Vx £22808 BF sina x0"r— Brdta, &, 12sin@ == Bcosat —Br)a,, = 2710" Prob. 9.33 Le Le Vx E=——(pE,)a, =——(p'te "a, pop’ ** pap =(2-pye?'a, oB (p-2)t edt Vx E+ B=~ fx kar = [22h a ae Oa Integrating by parts yields B=[(p-2yte*" + [(p-2)e"dtla, =(2-pyl+te?"a. Whim? Jax Hav My, (4)8-p)e”" a Alm? 4x260 Prob. 9.34 With the given A, we need to prove that aA VA= pe TS Hem VA = pe jo) jo)A =-0" weA Let B’=o*ne, then V?A -B°A isto be proved. We recognize that A= He eme ig. 4ar a hs Assume g=2—, A=42e™ ga, r 4x 1 fa... pao. Vio= —(r sing ian anal” u | 1 2, -16F =a(-P'r+ i8-sp)e™ = Therefore, V?A=-f?A ‘We can find V using Lorentz gauge. vest f¥oAa= = MeEo JOE, VeA -—! o(4 ste, ~)= 1 ( Jemer cosa jou,e, Or\ 4ar joe(4n\ ror = £088 (s0+4Jemn ; janwe,r Prob. 9.35 But B=VxA Hence,261 wv Hence, V-A=-y,6,2- lence, Meas vy = (ct-z)a, 2= 4230" ~10250" = 3.464 +2 6.427 — j7.66 = -2.963 — j5.66 = 6.3892 -117.64" 2” ___2.236263.43" 2.2362 63.43" 7215" 6- j8-7761- j1812 9841226557" 6-58 = 0.22724 - 202. (5253.13) __ 252 106.26" 7° 12- 77-6~ j10 180282 -70.56° 387 176.8" 18972 - 100° 762 90° 9.4342 ~ 129") * SBE Prob. 9.38 (a) A=Scos(2r +2 /3-1/2)a, +3c0s(2t +30")a, = Re(A,e), = 2 A= Se! a, +30 0) B= costar -202-90")a, P 5-100 sammy 2262 Prob. 9.39 (a) A, =50e"a, +106 ""a, A=Re[Ae™] = 50 cos(at - 7 /2)a, +10 cos(ot -/2)a, S0sin ata, +10sinera, B=Re[B.e™)= 2cos(or +2/2-n2/6)a, Pp 20 sin(an -12/6)a, a as © 30 (eo cosa, r C=Re[Ce™} soya cos(ax + 2/4 -34)cos Oa, Prob. 9.40 (@) H=RelHe™} OE (b) But ot tte, ~Fsinor-3234, +00, (-4] Jain(cr ~32)a,d1 => cos(or ~32)a, P Ep:263 aE, Bul VxE= eq, => sin(or-32)a, a “+ wep ) foin(cor -32)a,dr a cosa ~3z)a, @ yep 3 7 == = 9x10" rad/s anxio” x12 36 Prob. 9.41 A=4cos(ct -90")a, +3cosaata, = Re[ der ¢ 43ea, e[ Ae] A, = 4" a, +3a, j4a,+3a, B, =10ze""e“a, | B= Re[ Be] =10zcos(ot —2+90°)a, =—10zsin(ot — z)a, Prob. 9.42 We begin with Maxwell’s equations: VeD=p,/e=0, VeB=0 Bo x52 vxE=-2, a ot We write these in phasor form and in terms of E, and Hs only. VeE, qa) VeH,=0 Q) VxE, =-jopH, @) VxH, =(+ jwe)E, (4) Taking the curl of (3),V(VeE,)-VE, =—jou(o + joe)E, WE, +(o*pe- jopo)E,=0 —> VWE,+/E, Similarly, by taking the curl of (4), VxVxH, =(0+ jos)VxE, V(VeH,)-V'H, =—jou(o + joc)H, VH, + ("ne -jouo)H,=0 —» V?H,+/°H,=0A=uT = 3x10 x31.42x10° = 9,425m k= B= 2/2 = 0.6667 rad/m (b) t) = 1/8 =3,927ns (©) H(t=h) =0.1c0s(2x10? —*, -2x/3)a, = 0.1e0s(2x/3-7/4)a, 8x10" as sketched below. =o [tee eer 165 asoys nats, D= fed fe wy = 2 = 33x10 ove EE266 =1+(6/oe))_ —————> tan 20, = 05154. ———> file 120.278 |= = ———— = 177, Inf I, WorB 72 78x10" m/s —> 4,xa,=a, —> ay 7” sin(10°1 — Bz ~13.63°)a, =2.817e"*" sin(10° B= oie = oi eeylie, = Je, orJa, = Belo= pan x2267 (c) 6,=0,Inl= Jule = \u7e, yi7e, = pe - @,=4,xa, ——> ~-a,=a,xa, ——> a, =a, H oe sin(or + B2)a, = = 795.8sin(10°t+2z)a, mA/m o_ Wx = So agy 210.09) = 0.9425 Npvm 3x10" 7 (3) - 10'n. [2[2-+0.5(0.09)"] = 20.965 rad/m oe | £=306*%* cos(10? xt -20.96y+2/4)a, | Att=2ns, y= 1m, = 300° cos(2a - 20.96 + 4/4)a, (b) By= 10° = ie rad268 Mle 0 ggg Ine {1+40.097) eed 2,=tan'009 —__, 0,=2571° a, =a, xa; =a, xa, 30 Tae je eos(10? nt —20.96y +2/4-2.571°)a, Aty=2m, t= 2ns, H =(0.1595\(0.1518) cos(~34.8963rad)a, P.E, 10.5 J(0)WS -r,dyde = J,,(0) i dy Jenn de a 4 ua = 3x10" frx10" x4xx107 x3.5%10" = 24.16 13:10" px x 4x10 x3.5x10" = 341.7 (@) Let fez) =x+y-1=0269 el 20.8 = yyy 1200.2) OD’ = S3.3.mW (b) dS =dydza,, P= [94s = puns S208 (0.2)’x (0.05) = $9.22 mw P.E.10.8 n=, =1202,n; m=1, = 120mm = P= "> 2 - pol 93,7 a ath, | where B, = Je, /c= 2, = 200n/3. | P.B. 10.9 , =e ine, = 20 2530 =5e/2= c ¢60n Inde lis 144n? tan20,, = 12x —+0,, = 37.57° 95.445,n, = 120nJe,, = 754 M1, = 954452 37.57" @ pa MaMa 9544543757" ~734 = 0.8186 2 171.08° an, | 95445237 57° 4 754” SSUSCLIZLOSS 12141 = 0229523356 LID] 1408186 Osin(ot ~Sx)a, =Im(E,e), where B, = 500%, E,, = TE, = 08186e!""™ (50) = 40.93e!"""™" E,, =40.93¢/7""q, | E, =Im(E,,e) = 40.93sin(or+5x+171.1")a, Vim a, =a, xa, =—a,xa, =—a, 40.93 754 SiMOr+Sx4171.1)a, =-0.0543sin(ot + 5x+171.1")a,21 ) E,, = tE, = 0.229e!* (50) = 11475e!# 5° E, =MATSe OS eg, E, = lm(E,e) =11.475¢6"™ sin(wt ~7.826x + 33.56°)a, Vim 4, =4, xa, =4,xa, =a, 11.495 _ sone 0 o 95445° sin(ot —7.826x +33.56° -37.57°)a, =0.1202e%""* sin(@t -7.826x—4.01°)a, Alm =| 15074, —40.93°a,]= 2(240n) 2 1.475)" 09537.57%e 22g 295.445) k=-2a, +4a,—+k = V2 +4? = J20 @=ke=3x10 Y20 =1,342x10? rad/s, +4a,) (10a, + Sa, A. ~"Poaaony * +54, Jooster— kz) ~29,66cos(I.342x10°+2y—4z)a, mA/m 125 (2a, +4a,) _ ~ 2020") 20272 PLE. 10.11 @ = 4 sin26.56°—-» 0, = 1292 H2e, (6) n,=n,sn2=1,/2 Eis parallel to the plane of incidence. Since w,=}t)= Hy, we may use the result of Prob. 10.42, i.e. tan(0, tan(- 13.64°) 1 tam(,+0,)~ tanG9.48 2008 26.56" sin 12.92° "= Gin39.48° cos(- 13.64%)” LEME © 4, =-A,sin0.a,—f,cos0,a,. Once ky is known, E, is chosen such that | &,.E, =0or V.E, =0. Let E, =4E, (~c0s6,a, +sin6,a,)cos(ot + f, sin8,y + 8, c0s0,2) Only the positive sign will satisfy the boundary conditions. It is evident that E, = E,(cos@a, +sin9q, )cos(at +2y—42)273 ~(2.946a, - 1.4734, )cosot+ 2y+ 42) E,=E, +E, =(W0a, +5a,)cos(ot +2y~4z) + (~ |v. 946a, +1.473a,) cos(ot +2y +42) Since k,* E,=0, let | E, = E,(cos0ja, +sin da, cos(at + P,ysin®, ~ B,z0080,) B,= oJ 2; = Be.) = 2V20 ind, = sind, = 5 0-2 sind, = sind, = 573, e080, = > 19 B,cos0, = 220, op 7 8718 Ey, 0080, = t/E,, 6088, = 06474125 ye = 7.055 Ey Sin, = t,E, 8in®, = 06474125. ie = 16185Prob. 10.1 (a) Wave propagates along tay. =1,047x10°m/s 6 ele ms J(c) At 0, £, = 25sin(-6x) = -25sin6x _ ont oa AU toTI8, E, = 25sin(=]-g- 6x) = 25sin(- 6x) T At f=7/4, E,= 25sin 6x) = 25sin(-6x+ 90°) = 25cos6x 2nT J At t=72, E, = 25sin FS 6x) = 25sin(-6x+n)= 25sin6xa7+8?= onyio?+ 0%") | Re(y?)=a?-B? = -0 pe B-a7=07pe @ Subtracting and adding (1) and (2) lead respectively to (b) From eq. (10.25), E,(z)= E,e"a,. eeete ee meee i Leykea,) ou But H,(2)=H,ea,, hence H,= jou Y (© From), = jou276 eee ees 2 [v65 -1]=5.41 y=a+ j= 541+ j6.129 im (b) A= a. oe 1025m = 2830, = 4140 oe | = 101.412 41.44°Q © H,=a,x=277 Prob. 10.4 (@) loss tangent =-2- = 2 oe 2x(2x10)x80% 10 36x 7 () a=o, () -| oe =2ax2x10? =407, #? 0.09659 = 82.33 ee N+(Z) +1| = 407, [82 «2.0966 = 383.6 we 18 y=0-+ jP =82.33+ j383.6 /m @ _2nx2x10" @ 45-3836 Prob. 10.5 o 1,26x107 oe ‘ 10 2m x20x108 x 4.2% — 360 [i -iZ| _ 42x10? (0.27) 367 (3.714— f1.003)x10"" F/m.2) 1] 20x10 3x10" @@ _ [4rx107 x2ax10 ae = 0.279 ).4443245° OD Prob. 10.8 @ 21 T= I) f= 2nlo=—*y= 20 ns ax10 (b) Let x= (2) But a =2 [PE 7 eV2 ae__0.1x3x10° = = 0.06752 —> x =1.0046 fue, xxi0°V2 2 x+l\'" _( 20046)" s (#4) * (sane) oe 2n A= 2n/B = 37yg7 3m _. 0096 = tan2, —> 8, = 278 oe n= 18812274 9 E, =H, =12x188.1 = 2257.2280 a; xa, =a, —>a, xa, =a, —>a, =a, E=2.257e°" sin(x10"t ~2.088y +2.74°)a, kV/m (@) The phase difference is 2,74°. Prob. 10.9 (@ y= a+ jB= 005+ j2 Im (b) = 2n/P= x= 3142 m . ©) w= o/p =e 10° m/s 1 @ b= Ia=555= 20m =45281 5 — > 6,=38.73° ule _1202V974 | lai = 263.38 | the Yeast | (Z) () For z-0, E, ‘The two waves are sketched below.283 (@) Along =xdirection, ) B=6, o=2x10°, p= ofue=— Juz, 6266, oo 81= 7.16210" Fim 5 (©) n= Jule =u,¢, Iu, 16, = E, = Hy = 25x10" x 41,88 = 1.047 4, Xa, =a, —>a, xa, =a, —>ra, E =1.047sin(2x10%t+6x)a, V/m Prob. 10.14 20x10" Soy VEX TSO =12.83 radi (c) Phase difference = B/= 25,66 rad284 @Let E=E,cos(fz+40,0001)a, E, = 25x120n =9.425x10° 4@,X@, =a, —> a,xa,=-a, —> a;=~a, E=~9.425cos(hz+40,000/)a, kV/m Prob. 10.16 (a) along + ay E (2.0) E,(z,t) 0 =-6cos(ot — fz)a, +8fsin(wot - B2)a, But VxE=-~2= __, H=-1 foe | at a 1-2 sin(ar- f2)a, + ®F cos(or— fz)a, Lo Ho, (0) B= os = EL 5 = OA a5 1.777 aim 536m| Prob. 10.18 048, = Ee" —> 1 77 OBL Le Qn/B = 2n/16 ua faa xe 927x10" m/s (@) E=Re[E,e"]=(Sa, +12a,)e” cos(ot -3.42) The angular frequency « = 10° rad/s is missing in the textbook. 2nT JAtz=4m, = 78, f= 527 E = (5a, +12, )e* cos(/4—13.6) | E= 13e** | cos(x /4—13.6) |= 5.662 Vim (b) loss = ad2=0.2(3)= 0.6 Np. Since 1 Np=8.686 dB, loss = 0.6 x 8.686 = 5,212 dB286 ac 0.2x3x10* ave-1 10°J0.00694 = 36.896 V103.68%1.00694 V-71=0118 —» 0 96.23.365° 2 Fora good conductor, >>I, say > 100 oe oe 5 ee sn OF ap x8x 1x1 5x 1O 36r No, not conducting. 0.025 Qn x1 0°x 16x 0. 36 No, not conducting. 25 2a xBx10° x81 362 Yes, conducting, Prob. 10.21 He | _22f fae 7] = 27x Ox10° = iH ) } ; [1.0049 t= Ser 222447 x10" |@=8.791x10" 7 an_ [4 Ss) whet 5 [¥7.0049 + i] = 0.2515 28 x6x10 -5x10* m/s 02515 R, == on «GS ona’? 5.8x10' xax(1.2) x10 o2nab* () Re= At 100 MHz, 5=6.6x10? mm =6.6x10* m Table 10.2). 600 = > = 207.61 58x10" x 2x (12x10) x6.6%10 661x107 b=al2 Ti 3.5x18x10" al 15 362 a=B= on = aus =N A50n «10° x47x107 x3.5x10" = 143,965.86 y= a+ jB=144(+ f)x10° /m46x10 m 50x 2a x10° Laactor = SSALms a eau = @65 = 2x(20x10°)0.005x 107 = 0.6283x10° m/s N= 2n/B = 2x8 = 6.2838 —> 8 = 0.15911 | showing that 5 is shorter than 4 . | Prob. 10.26 2 2 — w=, ono 108? 2 o TTT = 2.744 x 10° 4xx107 x5.8x10"x(10")" * where the value of o for copper is obtained from Table B.1 in Appendix B. Jefe Textarea | Prob. 10.28 Let E,=E,+jE, and H, =H, + jH, | E=Re(E,e") = E, coset E, sinat | Similarly,289 H =H, cosat—H, sinot P= BXH = E,xH, 008 ot + E XH, sin? of -3(E, «H+ E,xH, sin 2a r 1 1 r oar a feos? odt(E, x apt fsin? oat(E, xH)- Join 2od0(E, x H,+E,4 H,) 0 Ts TS; aT -1E, XH, +E, H,)= SRE, + jE,)*(H, - jH,)) Bog = 5 RAE, XH) as required. Prob. 10.29 IE, 0 & oH, 0 =-H,E,, sinaxcosaxsin(ot - Bx)cos(wt - fz)a, +H,E,, cos’ ax cos’ (wt - Bz)a, P=ExH | E,H,a,+E,H,a, = ten sin2axsin (ot - Bx)a, +H,E,, 00s? axcos*(at — Bz)a, r Pe =+ fra =0+11,8,,c0s? axa, T3 2 E,H, cos? axa, Prob. 10.30 BBL A be ay 120nr290 2 Par sis 2 FF sin? 1 ep 0B"Feal sin’, y_158"Icdl sin? 0, 2 4ar dar JE, I 2 “| ~ FRE H;) = ERel 1200/V81 Troy aif E (=) ¥ 64 Sage = 0.854 10° Wim” 237.4657) —_291 @) oe 22 Jo-o000 10005 = 0.3311 2nx2x10° Bro. ee ie10= +] 25. /3:0005 = 66.23 ~3x10F (inthis case, B= ape .) (1-0.2)E, — > 086,=Ee* 125 —>» z=tinias @ 74 m (b) Bz =180" — > 7=%=0.04743 m (©) P=Pe** —» 09P,=Pe?™ en =1/0.9=1.111 —» z= Prob. 10.33 (=) u=o/p —» o=up 810° rad/s 120% = 17772 V4S 225 sin(ot-2z)a, Alm tea 8 sin(or-22)a, = 0 p292 sin?(ot ~2z)a, W/m? 434.48 = pigdpa, 2 mn ag Pra fPne odS = 4.5 J FP fag = 4.51n(3/2)(2) = 11.46 W rim Pd — Prob, 10.34 Be | P=ExH =—*sin? Osin’ o(t—r/c)a, a Pe 7 2 ew faa jar 6a, 3 r @ = fc = 40(3x10") = 1210? rad/s a & 10sin(or 40x) -20sin(wt ~ 40x -800cos(wt - 40x)a, - 400 cos(at —40x)a,293 frx Hat = 800 infor -403)4, 400 infor -40x)a, we oF 800 ac 36 sin(or —40x)a, — | P=ExH =|0 0 =10° fpo(rs37)sin* (ot - 40x) +37.7sin? (or - 40x), 2 =" feo(7s37)+37.7p, = 94.23 a, kW/m? =2y,P = 2(1207)10x 10° = 7.539 This is the rms value.. Vie, + ye, setts, m= eye, Baer =, Gene 77 3#V8= 5828 or 0.1716 |” J (Note that these values are mutually reciprocals, reflecting the inherent symmetry of the problem.) Prob. 10.39 {@ =" th295 AD 14113 | 1-1 1 =x (30) =-10 3760 10cos(or +z)a, Vim Let H, =H, cos(at+2)ay, Fpoostor + 2, 26.53cos(at + z)a, E,=E, sin(ot—5x)a, E. = Hf = 1200 x4 = 4800 a, Xa, =a, —?a, xa, =4,—>a, =a, E, = 4807 sin(ot -5x)a, #1200 5 127 — 60; mae = fq OF Ny, $0n= 1208 _ =r Taal One lag te TA = 213 =TE, =(-1/3-4807) = 1602 E, =160zsin(ot +5x)a,296 Prob. 10.41 1202 = 602, ao pan 120-60 1 2x1207 4 m+n 1807 E,=10, E,=TE,=10/3, E, eee =P +P = Fea, + Fa(g,)= 0 2m .2358a, Wim? 2m 2x60" (9x2) 1600 Sra = 0.23580, Wim? 9x 2x1200 2m, _120n_2 mm - atm, 18083 Hr} Flr] 1-1/3 0) Asef 3x10° s@ E,= —— -2y/3)a, E, E+E, =Seost0'r+2y Feast 2y, Vim be ian - = (0) = Fann 95 yg 1,) = -0.0589a, Wim’ Ey 2 ©) Ba = 5H = S@rzow OO) = 2005890, Wi Prob. 10.44 (@) Medium 1 is free space. Given that 6 =1, B=1=2 —>» o=c=3x10' rad/s c298 Heo JS () Aes = Nod t, onfyens2 2M =-13, 0 t= 140 = 2/3 +1, (©) Let H,=H,,cos(ot+z)a,, where = 4G0)cos(or +2), =l0cos(or +z)a,, (@) Inair, B,=1,4,= 28/8, = 2s = @ = Be =3x10" rad/s | In the dielectric medium, o is the same . @ = 3x10" rad/s b= Via = Bolin =F 2n_2n 1, =*= = 36276 B, v3 een299 26.5cos(t —z)a, mA/m ©) m=M man/B ago _ Uv3)-1 =hre ain, Uiv3)e1 0.268, t=1+T = 0732 @) E,= th, =732, Ey = TE, = -268 E, = E, +E, =10cos(ot—z)a, ~2.68cos(t + z)a, V/m 32cos(ot—z)a, Vim = (aye -£,2}=— 1 — (a, 0? - 2.68") = 0.12314, Wim? Be on (a, [E,, — Ex. J 220) (a, (10° — 2.68") 31a, 3 Pq =Fe-(a,)= et = 5) 5100 (7.32)*(a,) = 0.12314, Wim?300 AM Me sy E, =tE, =0.5 10.75, po 22 2*210.75 =a = mtn, 210.7531885 “——" m+n 210.75+188.5 'E,, = (0.0557)(12) = 0.6684 E,, = rE, = 1.0557(12) = 12.668 B=0, ne, = 2a — ong _AnGx10") 10° rad/s 2 ® @ 6x10" h=ol ng, N52 = Saige N24 E, ae = 0.6684 cos(62 x10" +40zx)a, Vim E, = E,, cos(ot — f,x)a, = 12.668 cos(6n x10"1-112.4x)a, Vim | Prob. 10.48 = Be=3x3x10% =9x10° rad/s301 awsle, 377/480 dee(22) _ hth _16.11Z40.47° ~377 = 2 0.935.2179.7° m+n 16TIZA0AT +377 E,, =TEy=935179.7° 9x10" [807 mao 2 isan? 1] gx10° [80 7. ae [viva +1]=51.48 radi 2x16.71240.47" .0857 238.89" }6.71240.47° +377 .857238.89" 857e™ sin(9x10"t + 51.482 +38.89")a, VimCurve 0 is at t= 0; curve 1 is at t= T/8; curve 2 is at t = T/4; curve 3 is at t = 31/8, etc. Prob. 10.50 Since 1, =p) = Ho. A 4, =28:17° Prob. 10.51 20(e" —e) (el 40H 7 2 =-ys[eu” gether gritty) _ ent] which consists of four plane waves. VxE,=-jouH, —» H,=—--vxe,--1(28g Pie on, on, dy "ax 207) : alts sin(k,x)sin(k, »)a, +k, cos(k,xeos(k,y)a, ] Prob. 10.52303 ‘Multiplying (1) and (2) gives 4, From (2), &, 2a x1.2x10° x50x 12. 362 tan26, =72-=12 —+ 6, =25.1° 6, ule ___1202V1/50 _ 49 65g } fir hy = 42.658225.1" = 7A= 265822511377 th +m —42.658225.1° +377 Prob. 10.54 Vx(@A)=V@x A+O(VxA) = VOxA since VxA=0. * ry Zz = jkx Ee304 From this, axa, =a, Prob. 10.55 kjk |e V124? +124? +263? =316.1 263 = cos! ——~ = 43.2534" 8361.1 0, = 0,-66.9", 0, = 43.2534" Prob.10.56 @ 6 @ lbysehy phan) (heen Ve Em (Sat a+ Saye Bern a jhe, +h, +ka,)e o, = jkeE ge" = jkeE=0 —> keE=0 Similarly, VeH=jkeH=0 —» keH=0 Ithas been shown in the previous problem that vxE=-B ———+ kx E=oyH Similarly, oD Vx H = a7305 From kx E=apH, a, and From kxH=-6oE, a,xa, =-a, Prob. 10.57 If po=H, sin29,~sin20, _sin(@,-6)cos(@,+6,) _tan(6,-4,) sin 20, +sin28, cos(6,~6,)sin(@, +0.) tan(@, +4.) Similarly, ~ (Gin0, cos0, + sin 0, cos 0, (cos®, cos®, + sin @, sin 0,) ____2cos0, sind, © sin(0, + 0,)cos(,-@,)_ 2cos0, sind, ~ sin@, +9,) Jie +12 = Je +10? =10 o=ke=3xl0 =2af — > f Antal 2% 0.6283 m ) Wa, 4p 260,480, om la, a, 0 8|=-8a,+6a, 1 6 0 50. 50 @) n=l, m= eine, =cJO4e, xy, = VO4 = 2.5298 sind, ="-sind, = sin 12° = 0.082185 % 2.5298 =1202, 1m =1207 J = 47.430 47.432 084.714 -1207 cos12’ 1,080, +7, 0080, 47.432c0s4.714" +1207 cos12” _47.27-117.38 = = 0.4258 47.27+117.38Fey W846) (4a, +3a,) _ Qn * 2x1200 5 (c) 0, =0, = 36.87". Let +79.58a, mW/m? E, = (Ea, + E,,4,)sin(ot—k, #r) ~k,a,. But k,=k=5 k,, = k,sin®, = 5(3/5)= 3, ky = k,c0s0, = 5(4/5)= 4, Hence, k, =—4a,+3a, Beet een CyE ee sind, = “sino, = sin ” edust, 7.46, c0s8, =0.9539, 1m, =n, =1202,1 =7,/2= 600308 11,0086, ~1,0086, %..9539)-n,(08) 0.253 1,0086, +1,0088, Mo.(9.9539) +.7,(0.8) Eq = TyEy = ~0.253(10) = ~2.53 But (E,a, + £,,4,)= E,,(sin8,a, +c0s8,a,)= 25324, + $a) E, =~(1.518a, +2.024a,)sin(ot +4y—32) Vim | Similarly, let E, =(E,a, + E,a,)sin(ot—k, ¢r) k,=B,=0yne, = 04,6, K=B,=oJbe, <3 k= 2k,=10 ; cost, = 9.539, k, = k, sind, = 3, k, = 9.539a, + 3a, Note that k, = 2n, c0s0, n,(08) nc08, = 06265 io 11, c088, +), cos®, ~F 0.9539) + 16(08) Ey =), = 6.265 But (E,a, + E,4,) = E,(sin 9a, ~cos@a,) = 6.256(0.3a, -0.9539a,) Hence,309 E, = (1.8794, —5.968a,)sin(ot -9.539y—32) Vim a 3 sind, = sing, [2 =4(3)=7 —> 4 Ven 3 = ds 10-k N+8=3k —>» k=3.333 " vi oases (©) = 2R/P, 4, =28/B, = 28/10 = 0.6283 m B,=@lc=10/3, A, =2n/ B, =22x3/10=1,885m a E,= 9H, xa, = 402(0.2)cos(ot—k er)a, x +e) = (23.6954a, -8.3776a,)cos(10"t —ke—kV8z) Vim © p= 20088. 8in8,__200819.47" sin ”* sin@,+0,)cos(0,-0,) sin/9.47° cos19.47° cot 19.47" W =" Seay® cot 19.47 Let E,=—E,,(cosa, ~sin@a,)cos(10"t — f,xsin8, - f,z0080,) where E, =-E, (cosa, ~sin da, )cos(10°t - f,xsin 8, - B.20080,) sind,=1, cosd,=0, 8, sin®, = 10/3 E, sin, = tw, = 6(24x)(3)(1) = 1357.2 Hence, E, = 1357 cos(10"t -3.333x)a,_ V/m310 tan gy, = fe = > Oy, = 58.19" 1 But a Ne ° 5 cos, = costa = PUB ry seetl 2 = V2.6 cos58.19 —» 0,=318' Prob. 10.63 sin8, or tan6, = ™ = [A 1207 _ e, vel 9311 Theos 2.692" -9, cos 25° 7 0s 2.692° +7, cos 25° 21, ile cos 25° 9 Tocos2.692" +7, 00825” Prob.10.65 Microwave is used: (1) For surveying land with a piece of equipment called the fellurometer. This radar system can precisely measure the distance between two points. (2) For guidance. The guidance of missiles, the launching and homing guidance of space vehicles, and the control of ships are performed with the aid of microwaves. (3) In semiconductor devices. A large number of new microwave semiconductor devices have been developed for the purpose of microwave oscillator, amplification, mixing/detection, frequency multiplication, and switching. Without such achievement, the majority of today’s microwave systems could not | T= S21, Ti2=-Sr/Sa1, Tor = Si/S21, Tor = Sie ~ Si Se/Sr1 ze [25 05 05 03 Prob. 10.67 Tg =(2p~ Zo) y+ 20) = 2-WV2+1)= 03 To=Sz +SpSuls M1-Su Te ) = 0.44 — j0.62 + 0.56x0.56 x(1/3)[1 — (0.11 —}0.05)}Prob. 10.68 ‘The microwave wavelengths are of the same magnitude as the circuit components. The wavelength in air at a microwave frequency of 300 GHz, for example, is ! mm. The physical dimension of the lumped element must be in this range to avoid interference. Also, the leads connecting the lumped element probably have much more inductance and capacitance than is needed. Prob. 10.69 3x10° Azelf = = gang 722mmPELL Since Z, is real and o: + 0, this is a distortionless line. R ane o Q @) @ (1) x G) + R=aZ, =0.04x80=3.20/m, _@ _ 0.04 @ + +G-Z-55 BZ,__15%80 2nx 5x 10° LG 12 40,004 1 Ce yO 80 * Tax 80 «104 S/m L = 38.2 n/m | P.E. 11.2 a R+ joL — [003+ j2nx 01x10 © 20> VGN G00 * 0+ janx 002% 10" = 7073 1.688 = 70752 - 1367°Q ) y= Y(R+ joLNXG+ joc) = (0.03 + 70.22 j0.4% 10x) = 2121x107 + j8.888x 107 /m = 210" 7.969%10° mis a ©) w= Fe88x107PE. 13 @ Z,=2Z,> Z,=Z, = 30+ j602 = 0.11182 -63.43° 4 assuming that Z,= Zo. (©) Since Z)= Zy, F=0->4,~ The load voltage is V, = V,(z= 1) =V,'e™ Ve 7520° Tafa 0 = Frc ge C8 ee = 15248" 1 1 e =15-s0=41(15)=Lin(/5) 00101 eB ai = 45° trad = 0.02094 P7800 7 =0.0101+ 0.02094 /m PE. 14 (a) Using the Smith chart, locate S at s= 1.6. Draw a circle of radius OS. Locate P where 6,= 300°. AtP, T=02282300° Also at P, z, Z,=Z,2,=70(1.15-j0.48) = 80.5-j33.62 £0.64 > 0.6x 720° =432°=360° +73"315 From P, move 432° to R. AtR, 2, = 0.68- j025 2p = Z,Zy = 70(0.68- j0.25) = 47.6 - j175Q (b) The minimum voltage (the only one) occurs at 6, = 180” ; its distance from the ., 180- 60 load is 720 4 = 5 = 01667 Values obtained using formulas are as follows: 1 =52! 2300" =0.2308.2300° sal Z,, =80.5755 — j34.018 QD Z,, = 48.655 17.63 2 _A+ie|_ 140.4472 7-\r|- 1-04472 S18 s Let = tap) = an 222 120-600] 60+ 60+ j60x | 60+ (60+ j60)x 1+ i143) Or 2-j Taxa + Inx4 j(2x-2)=0316 60+ j60 _ Z, ; ) = Balt Locate the load point P on the Smith chart. r= 22 = 22 ~ 0.4457,0, =62” 09> 92cm T= 0.445762 Locate the point S on the Smith chart. At S, r= $=2.6 2, = 20 O18 -4.j, which is located at R on the chart. The angle between OP and OR is 64°-(-25°) = 90° which is equivalent to m ; aL Ad Hence I= +n5=5(1+4n).n= 012. (Zn) nox = $20 = 2618(60) = 157.080 | (Za nia = Z,/8= 60/2618 = 22.92 0 PE 116 The measured distances are shown in the figure below. | Distance between two adjacent maxima = 4 =37.5-25=12.5cm => A=25 cm | Estimated location of minimum with short circuit. = 67549) 5125 om Distance from maximum with load to this point = 31.25 ~23=8.25 em | Angle in degrees corresponding to this = fee =237.6° | Load impedance at this point P shown on the Smith chart gives Z,, =50x (0.65~ j0.35) = 32.5-j17.5Q ‘A more exact value would be Z, = 33.0867~ 17.3824 Q317 P.E.11.7 See the Smith chart _-5it By +j0.97 100-80 P 1007 180 1.33 - 1.067 7 33 - 1.06; Le Bee, = 0.0934 132° + 64° de pr saat Ota \ ly = Syqe = OTE wn dy ==) = 0262 4° 720 *=05h=dy 0.374% |, J095_ | j= t= £1267 mS 11333 4ty 1=1156 ty,319 2 p'e--‘The bounce diagrams for current and voltage waves are as shown below. Toad That Tora}321 (7 =o = 10m ‘The bounce diagrams for maximum current are as shown below. rat ra=-tPE. 11.10 (a) For w/h= 08, - 091, { & 03) ©) 2° T7508 4 3x 10° (©) b= T9n Joys ~ gem PE. UAL fax 20% 10" x4nx 107 f& 58x17 = 369x107 ex, = 8695 Re _ 886% 369% 107 wZy 25x10 x50b= 0 Vefus, Vnx500x10°x42x107x7x10" 5 =2.6902x10 2 2 =—2--____*____- 03: w6a, 0.3 2,6902x10%x7x10" ned 7 2 = XO? 1210” 50 96 atm bey 03 9 ue ee c © 36m 12x10? ame Since « =0 for air, =7.744x10° 1 1 Ve fuc. Six80x10°x42%107 x5.28x10" [ras10>* sone] —1_,_—1 [it Se 10°(1.25+0:3836) _ 9 6359 aim 2xba,La |” 2x7.744x10° x5.28%10 2569.09 a 7 H yb 42x10" 08 357x107 Him 1,65x10"" Fim324 Prob. 11.3 cet! rel © cosh"(d/2a)~ In(d/a) since (d/2a'= 11.11 >> 1. ' axe t6 10° 36, —*04 —____ = 0.2342 pF 1n(2/0.3) =2.09x10% m< (0) w= 2 = 222101 g5 10° mils gato 7 SSO" mils 2a 5 a 1.02 © Fa appagT ww Prob. 11.10 1 vLC u 1 1 =< = 6.54 x10" € eVLC 3x10°V6.5x10* x 40x10?328 [ Prob. 11.11 R_G R__ 20x63x 10 Ts i Ae EP U TGs G=42x107 Sim a= VRG = ¥20x42 x10 = 0.2898 B= @VIC = 2x x 120% 10° V0.3 10 x 63x 10” y= 0.2898+ j3.278 1m 2a x120x10° B 3.278 -—- 03x10" _ og C-V63x107 23x10" m/s (b) Let Vo be its original magnitude Vee* =0.2V, 0% =5 1 z= qind= 5554m x4 |(0) Bad a9 91a ea Ee 0.2396 m Prob. 11.12 Assume that the line is lossless. From Table 11.1, e #( m2) Co ela a | E16 Z, == =—In= Cina329 Prob. 11.13 (@) Fora lossless line, R-0=G. joie ‘Yes, true for other lossless lines. Prob. 11.14 0.32 # 14 44107 cosh! oe L= Tooth! = 4% 10" cosh" 575 | 1655 wH/ m 10° ** 365 Cosh"! 2667 x35= [0:655%10% _ 594x107 == cosh”! 2.667 = 1052 1 ee ren Same? mese (0) = Pere cos(tot+21)- Pee coat) =1.2e°**" cos(10* + 21')-0.6e°°™ cos(10*t-2!') A Prob. 11.16 a=10°, £=0.01 y=a+jB=0.001+ j0.0 + j10)x107 /m @ _ 2x10" 10.6x10°° “Vo “Varx10? “S542 RC=1G —> oe RC 10x10" ARG = R= == =1.169x10* LZ, 85.54 Nt331 B=oVIC =22x80x10°V0.6x10 x82x10 =3.5258 rad/m 7 =1.169x10" + j3.5258 /m Prob. 11.18 Rt joL= 65+ j2nx 2x 10% x 34x 10% = 65+ 54273 G+ joC =8.4x10? + j2mx2x10° x21.5x10 =(8.4+ j0.27)x107 z= [Redok | [654 7R73 °° VG+ joc ¥(8.4+ j0.27)x 10° Z, = TITIL3975° = 5512+ j4585Q V(R+ joLXG+ joc) = [(esozerzeYeax10" 2180) )45 + 50.4 fm t ft a B 1 o t==, butu=—, G B Bl __0.39x5.6 @ = 2nx2x10° | Prob. 11.19 ©) Tada te | Vv M42) 2h + Zh| Prob. 11.21 1 = MR¥ FOLNG¥ ja) = I(BS+ 722 x400%10° «2x10 0+ j2%400x10° x120%10") = G5+ j5026.55X 70.3016) =0.0136+ 38.94 0136 Npm, 8 = 38.94 rad/m @ 2040010" _ 6.45210! m/s From eq. (11.33) 2x Zy| 2,07 Z, tanh yl Z, | 2c = Zales an ,,coth(yl) | For lossless line, y = B,tan(y!) = tanh( jp/)= jtan(B2) Z,,= j2, tan(Bl),Z,, = - jZ, cot(B/)333 Prob. 11.23 nb yf I= Za= Zytany = 7, 2080) But yl = (07+ j25X08)= 056+ j2 sinh(x+ jy)= sinh(x)cos(y)+ jcosh(x)sin(y) ass _ 9-056 056 4 056 a8 Neos 4 SEN sin 2 2 2 =-0.245+ j1.0548 cosh(x + jy) = cosh(x)cos(y)+ jsinh(x)sin(y) = -0.4831+ 70.5362 (65+ (380.2454 + 1.0548) Z.= 7 — 0.4831 + 70.5362 13+ j2.7262 Prob. 11.24 From eq. (11.42a), Z,=-jZ,cot pt —> cotpt= 1 or tange 0.8065 pe= Featan" 0.8064 = 38.88° fe aa 0.1084, (0.108 +5)4,n= 0,1,2... Prob. 11.25Z,+j2,tan(l) @) Z, 2.7 Fi, anf) ‘an(ft 100 = 25 rad = 1432.4 = 352.4" (740+ j60tan352.4° 2,40 j29.375Q. §29.375(00Z0" §29.375+50- j40 —_293.75290° = Se =5.752102" 51.1162-12" Vv, Y= Tater (is from the load) __¥,a+D) (e+e) (c) Al = 7x4 rad = 57.8 2, = 60{ 1404 760tan57.3° \" 60-40tan57.3° V,(e! +0e) Cate) (@) 3m from the source is the same as 97m from the load., ie. 2.20" = /3471.880. Vvbl = ix 97 = 24.25rad = 309.42" / =100-3=97m, y=0n| Moe oanneg | oa 60-40 tan 309.42' V,(e" are!) Ve (e* +Te) = 6.6072180" V Prob. 11.27 @ pl =7£ 4.254) = _YeD) Le ree Prob. 11.28 Vi=V,(2=0)=V, +¥, V,=V,(z=D=Vje" +¥,e" =1602-90° V Substituting V;° and V; in (2) gives Or Zhe" LV, Zhe" = zee" +e", +z le" ~e")I, cosh yIV, -Z, sinh yl,Substituting Vand Vin), 1 1 Mt de" +57 MZ he 1 - 1 wt: Gye eM AGO FEL 1 sinh yIV, ~cosh yl, From (5) and (6) K1. sinh 7, -h||-<-sinhy! cosh! IL, But coshyl -Z,sinhyIT' [ coshy! Z, sinh yl paint coshy! | ~|1sinhy? cosh yf Thus y cont Z,sinhylr y, a” zpsinh yl coshyl -l, Prob. 11.29 2-2, a) 7-2 + 2, @ ET, 1000+ 0.66+ j0.15) 1-0.66~ j0.15 +10 | _ 140.66" 40.15" 5 10,1 1-V0.66? +0.15? = 392.44 217.23 QBut s= “0 7, = Vain Since the line is + tong, 452e 120° Hence the sending end will be V,, while the receiving end at V,, Vag = Voy, 5 =80/2.1 = 38.09 Voening = 38.09.29 Prob. 11.31 9 =26° --42’ = 68" If 2094, 68° -»d=—+68 ne Prob. 11.32 (@) Method 1: At Y, z,n7,] Zt satan Z, + jZ, tan Be 2A ase, tne =0 maT? * Z 22, 2h=2, =1509 Z, Z,'=1502338 Method 2: Using the Smith chart, Since ¢=2/2, we must move 360° toward the generator. We arrive at the same point. Hence, Zq=Z, =150 150 “Fs 180° ‘We move 180° toward the generator. 7, (b) From the Smith chart, 8=3 for section XY 2 for section YZ 150-50 _ Srevolutions +90" AtG, Z, =0.44- 70.4 ‘nZ, = 50(0.44— 70.4) 2 7202 OP _ 43cm Ir]=<. = = = 0.4624,0, = 50.5 0Q 9.3cm 624.25339 Method 2: Ye Ye > a Dei ty Ee er al 2ax3x10" tan fl = tan— = tan Fa tan = xd OF =m 2x2} =1 4 f = 50] 80= 160+ §50x1 ~~[ 50+ j80— j60x1 20.20 (2.1) I]=|F|=04685, but 6, =8,. +208 38.66" +90" = 51.34" T= 0,4685251.34" Prob. 11.34340 Z,_40-j25 aoe 47-30 ‘We locate this at point P on the Smith chart shown below = 08-05 a =-96" £=027A —> 027x720" =194.4° From P, we move 194.4° toward the generator to G. At G, Zq = 1.0425 + 70.6133 Zp, = Z,2y = 50(1.0425 + 0.6133) =52.1 * j30.66.2341 40+ 565 75 427 =0,5333+ 0.8666 We move toward the load from G (corresponding to Z,,) to P (corresponding to the load). At P, 2, =2.6137— 1.4643 72, = 15(2.6137 ~ j1.4643) = 196.03 - 109.82 Prob. 11.36 @® 0.124 —+ 0.12x720° =86.4° ‘We draw the s=4 circle and locate V,,,,.. We move from that location 86.4° toward the load. Z =50(0.45— j0.83) =22.5— j41.5Q (b) the load is capacitive. (©) Vou and Veg, are 4/4 apart. Hence the first maximum occurs at 0.124+40.25A = 0.37415+ /l2 OP _3.8cm TES =25™ 0.475, 9, =42° G07 gem % ATSZ42° (Exact value = 0.4688 2 41.76°) (b) 2.8 (Exact value = 2.765) (©) 0.24» 0.2x720° = 144° 2 =0.55— j0.65 Zq = Zs2q = 50(0.55 + j0.65) (@) Since 6 =42°, Vmin occurs at 2 158334 720 (©) same as in (d), 0.058334 | Prob. 11.38 Au or If A> 720°, then Sonor343 =34j4 150+ j200 50 We locate z,, at P and move 72° toward the generator to reach point G. At G, %q = 0.55~ j1.85 Ly, = Z by = 50(0.55— f1.85)=27.5~ j92.5 Q Exact value = 27,3345 ~}92.7244 0344 Prob. 11.40 (a) Z,, = Zan 100= s120. =1.25~ & 7 1.25 ~ js " 12x10" 22a 1, = 22m = 224 4 14 4 720°+ 72° 2m = 2S 2 24 ty = 24m = 281g n 22004 72° 216° : 20 . To locate P(the load), we move 2 revolutions plus 12° oward the lad. AtP. jeje OP Stem 09 926m a= 12 4rn s+ r= 93543225" (Exact value = 0624225.15%) Zaman = 52, =3.1(80)» 2960 (Grae value = 285.39 0) 2amin = 22-80-91 6220 (Exact value =22.41 Q) (b) Also, atP, Z,=23+/1.55 = 0.5543, Z, =80(2.3+ j1.55) = 184+ j124Q (Exact value = 183.454j128.25 Q) At S, To Locate Z,,, we move 216° from Z,, toward the oeneator At Zigs 2, = 048+ j0.76 Z,, =80(0.48+ j0.76) = 38.4 + 760.8. (Exact=37.56+j61.304 Q) (©) Between Z, and Z,,, we move 2 revolutions a the movement, we pass through Zia na. 3 times and ‘Thus there are: 3 Zinn and 2 Z,345 Prob. 11.41 “ @ 3 =120m->4= : u _ 3x10" a 24 m = 404 4 _, 220° _ 199° 20-6 «6 50(0.48 + j0.48 724+ j2Q 73.3084570.324 Q) u=fasf s-1 Prob. 11.42 Z,_ [60 Z, 80 ‘The two loads fall on the r=0 circle, the outermost resistance circle. The shortest distance between them is 25 106.26" 360° - (126.87° -106.26")A 720° 0.471441=0.2A - 720°x 0.2 =144° 2,21 = 244-2004 j100 “Toxi0™ Za oF a 26014 135 2, =0: 3 J0.12 Z,, = 75(0.3+ j0.12)=22.5+ j9Q (Exact value = 22.4233410.4251 Q) s =3.4 Prob. 11.44 ; Ta 346347 Z = 4{(50)'(75) = 55.330 From (3), Z,. = ZZ? = (65.3375 = 67.740. Prob. 11.45 4 Zz This acts as the load to the left line. But there are two such loads in parallel due to the two lines on the right. Thus 1 ons = 25(0.6756) = 16.892 1 396 Z, =50(2.96) = 1480. Prob. 11.46 From the previous problem, Z,, = 148Q V, ze. _120__ 9 5634 Z,+Z, 80+148 Pog = ihe [R, = 105263) (148) = 20.57 Since the lines are lossless, the average power delivered to either antenna is 10.251As tan fla, Z, &) If Z,=0, 25x00 © 2, =25ilo= b oO 25 (so349 Tee ae 208s 1000_ 47.06 - j11.76 100-j47.06-11.76 408+ 75.189 mS If the shorted section were open, Voy =20+ f1S5 mS 2mm") 2, - j2,) ¥, = Yar + Yan =20+ j15 + f10 = 20+ j25mS 1000 __19.51- j24.390 2 =Z,350351 Prob. 11.50 d,=0.122 > 0.12x720° =86.4" [,=034 > 03x720° =216" (@)_ From the Smith Chart below, 2, =0.57+ 0.69 Z,, = 60(0.57 + 0.69) =34.2+ j41.40 © s_=2.65 (Exact value = 2.7734 )352 =244j44 Z J We follow Example 11.7. At A, y:=-j3 and at B, y.=+j3. The required stub admittance is Y=ty,- 22 =3j0068 The distance between the load and the stub is determined as follows. For A,value = 0.23084 ) For B, b A= 0.28754 The length of the stub line is determined as follows. 19 =sA=0 4, = 7p 4 = 20264 (Exact value = 0.0515 A) 4, 0.47364 720 (Exact value = 0.44852) 180410417353 ALA, y, =1-j1.561 Yaw = f1.5614 Position of the stub = 0.07234 Length of the stub = 0.40932,354 Prob. 11.53 > A=40em The load is I=Sem from Vrin, ie. On the s = 4 circle, move 90° from Vinin towards the load and obtain Z, = 0.46 ~ j0.88 at P. Z_= Zox.= 60(0.46 — j0.88) = 27.6=j52.82. (Exact value= 28.2353 ~j52.9412 Q) 6, = 270° or -90° T = 062-90 Prob. 11.54 =32-12=20em + 2.= 40 em 3x10® 15 GHz 1=21-12=90m =A, > 709° =162° 40 "40 At P, z,=2.6-jl2 2, =%2, =50(2.6- 1.2) (Exact value = 130.49 - j58.219 Q) j602355 = j0.8 \) Z, =50(1.4- 0.8) =70— 402 9 (Exact value = 70.606-}40.496 @) i s-1_ Ail s+] 3.11 T= 0,3572—44.5° 0.35712-44.471°) =0357, 6. =-44.5° T= R,+R, 0450 R,-R, _ 80-50 R, +R, 80+50 Prob. 11.57 Z, Z (27)=9V,(Voltage bounce diagram) (Current bounce diagram) | From the bounce diagrams, we obtain V(0,t) and I(0,t) as shown below:357 220mA. 216.05mA 215.sma 216% Prob. 11.58 Using Thevenin equivalent at 2=0 gives |Z, = 2002. =10%200%10" = 27 ‘The bounce diagram is shown below.The load voltage is sketched below. VGN). 3.4136 32 ——— rena Ha : To get I(I,t), we just scale down V(1,t) by 100.359 150+150 5002) _ gy, 75360 25s 2 25s 3.Sps 3.5Sps (Voltage) (Current) The bounce diagrams are for the leading pulse. The bounce diagrams for the second pulse is delayed by Ips and negated because of -12V. (b) For each time interval, we add the contributions of the two pulses together. For 0 6 = > =o mProb. 11.64 (a) Let x=w/h. Ifx <1, 546 -an(% +x) o x we solve for x (e.g using Maple) and get x = 2.027 or 3.945 which contradicts our assumptiom that x < 1. Ifx >1, 1202 50= Va [x + 1.393 +0.667 In(x + 1.444)] We solve this iteratively and obtain: x= 1.8628, w= xh = 14.9024 mm For this w and h, Beg = 3.4598 oer pt ntsa % 2 Ole 4 © 3 x10* me 4Jeg2af & x 3.4598 x 8 x10" “= 52m 4mm _ 0.2 -+ narrow strip367 =91.530 For 70m bq = 5.851, Z, For F=04, Eq = 6.072, Z,=73.242. Hence, 73.240 2 i953 Also numerically we can find that w/h = 1.5511 or w = 1.86139 mm. c= 1.8699, and =2.194%108 mis. Prob.11.67 100-150 =02 Z42, 30” RL =-20log|I'|= 13,98 dB369 P.EI2A (a) For TEjo, f= 3 GHz, VI-G.IFY = YI- GI15Y = V056 , B,=01u,=4af le p= SL Joa6 = SEX1Sx10" 96 — 615.6 rad/m © 3x10" , 22 150’ 1 531x108 mis € ()For TMu, f= 30725 GHz, J1-(f,/ f° = 0.8426 4xx15x10" (0.8426) 4nf L (0.8426) = ah 7 3x10" = 529.4 rad/m = 2 2 x15x10" _ 1 78,108 mis - 2934 Nav = 60n(08426) = 158.80 PLE. 12.2 (a) Since E, + 0, this isa TM mode , sin(max / a)sin(nay /b)e"™ 7 = 50n — wi Ep = 20, oan TMa:.mode. Min/ay +(n/by =e hor +50? =1.5V4l GHz | B=o pe Ji-U,/ fy =. 2x10" 595—99.95 = 241.3 rad, 3x10° uw ® fay370 HP (ao)20c0s A0xsin 507 ye" B (501)20sin40nxcosSOxye* 25 tan 40nx cot SOny P.E. 123 If TE;3 mode is assumed, f, and f remain the same. &=28,57 GHz, 6 = 1718.81 rad/m,_y = j8 377/2 Tees = JS = 229.69. me {= 2857750)" For m=1, n=3, the field components are: Q E=0 H, = H,,cos(ax / a)cos(3ny /b) cos(at - fz) Poe - *)n, cos(x / a) sin(3xy /b)sin(ot - fz) “Fe , sin(ax/ a)cos(3y/b) sino - Bz) -Alz)a. sin(xx /a)cos(3ay /b) sin(ot - fz) ve ee Al a, cos(ax /a)sin(3ny/b)sin(ot - fz) Given that H,, = 2= eran, Hy = Aeron, = 6a/b = 6(15)/8= 1125371 E, = 2584.1cos(ax/a)sin(3ay/bysin(ot- fz) Vim, E, =-459.4sin(xx/a)cos(3z.y/b)sin(ot- Bz) Vim, H, = 1125cos(ax /a)sin(3ay /b)sin(ot ~ fz) Alm, H, = ~7.96cos(x /a)cos(3ny /b)cos(ot - fiz) Alm P. EL 124 7 3x10" x10? i 5 I 2x0 x10" Vi78.6367 +1/4.318" =3.883 GHz Tat F 7 +1/4318? =3.88 3x10* 4, = =12.5x10° mis, ” fi-6.383/47 9x10" 4, = =7.2x10" m/s De PLE. 12.5 The dominant mode becomes TE; mode | foo se 3.75 GHz, ttre = 406.79 From Example 12.2, E, = ~E, sin(3y/b)sin(ot - fz), where E, = oe = LEP ety = Fo a0 Pn [, hs 2 P= ae Hence Eo = 63.77 V/m as in Example 12.5. 4x 63.77 Texld"x4nxi0?x4xio? ot mA 4x10" x42 x10 x 4x10 P.E,12.6 (a) For m=1,n=0, f, = w’/(2a)3x10" 2x2.4x107 V2. 10°" x377/-/2.6 aoc ail = 205x107? Np/m 2Vl- (FI FY 2 (2.214979) Forn=0,m=1, =2.2149 GHz 2R, mw iegan Gin ih 2K) fy) | 2V2.6vrx9x10" x1.1x10" x42x107 | 377x1.5x107 x1.1%10" J1-(2.2149/9)" | (b)Since @, >>@,,a=a,+a, 2x10? [0.54 (2.4/1.5)(2.2148/9)? loss = al = 2x107x0.4=0.8x107 Np =0,06945 dB P.E.12.7 For TE, ,m . H,, =H, cosx/a)cos(ary/ be" ee /b)H, cos(x/ a)sin(ay/ be”? =-: + (a/a)H, sin(zx/a)cos(y/ be?" Has Lewian, sin(nx/a)cos(ny/b)e”" i, (1 /)H, cos(ex/a)sin(a y Je" For the electric field lines,-(a/ b)cot(ax / a) tan(ay /b) E, A, Notice that 0) ‘showing that the electric and magnetic field lines are mutually orthogonal. The field lines are as shown in Fig. 12.14. PLE. 12.8 15x10" AasTeyaTIOO = '725+0+17100 = 1.936 GHz Son =F Ee 1 Gs’ where 1 1 6-7 ——= =1.5x10% Vi fate, Viex1.936x10 x4 107 x5.8x10" (@) By Snell’s law, nj sin @;= nz sin 02. Thus 62=90° __, sin @2=1 6, =sin nym = sin“ 1.465/1.48 = 81,83° sin 8) =n)/n, (b) NA= Jn ~ ny = Vi48? 1465" = 0.21 P.E. 12.10 a1 =10 log P(O)/P(I) = 0.2 X 10=2 P(OY/P(1) = 10°, ie. P(1) = P(0) 10°? = 0.631 PO)Prob. 12.1 (a) For TE, mode, f, 25x10" Hz = 2.5 GHz ® f=3, 3x10" (2 2 We on (2) +( | fog =5x2-=5 GHz Soa =3.15 GHz, fog = 7.5 GHz Say =25GH2, fgg =5.0 GHz Sin = 6.25 GHz, fay =7.5 GHz = 7 =15, 2) a 91 GHz 4 frat fais] G Y =a.so7 GHz | The “ske) @) are transmitted TEs TE qq» TE;9sTE TE 9. TE TEs T™M,,,TM,, . 7 TE modes and 2 TM modesProb.12.2 FB ao (2) «(2) =15 (2) (2) om foy=15x2=5 GHz fut fee Possible modes are TE), TE), TE3., TE,, and TM, Prob. 12.3 2) 6) ait) a] gales) 5] Using this formula, we obtain the cutoff frequencies for the given modes as shown below. f Mode f. (GHz) TEo, 9.901 TE 4386 TE, 10.829 TEo2 19.802 TE 21.658 Tn 10.829 Ti 20.282 TMay 13.228 m 1 0 2 1 2376 = 0.073 7 Tome TET pF 0073 Mars =1'V1- (LIP) = (©) The lowest mode is TE1a 3.392x10" m/s u'__3x10* fag 21810" | A design could be a= 9mm, b= 3mm, Prob. 12.6 For the dominant mode, ¢ _3x10° 2x8 =18.75 MHz.377 (a) It will not pass the AM signal, (b) it will pass the FM signal. Prob. 12.7 (@) For TEjomode, f. = 5 u' __3x10'__, Or a= =e ° 2f. 2x5x10? == For TE: mode, fag _u 3x10° Or 2f. 2x12x10” (b) Since a>b, 1/a < 1/b, the next higher modes are calculated as shown below. fe (GHz) 5 10 15 20 12 24 3 15.62 S07 IB378 Prob. 12.8 - [2 - (25). Let Fi =f (4) - (2) 0.7806 75x10" m 0.7806 3x10° 0.7806 2n Ay 9.608x10" 1207 _ 439 950 = 653.95 rad/m_ 3 een Vixioxie V2 om 3x10* =6.975x10° m/s “Yi=65/727 1.2903%10* m/s a hie ay 9x10 u ae uz 1,2903x10° 25 pus Prob. 12.11 ce © _112x3x10° BLI2fgg 2112 —> a=1.12 = Se 7 Sa 2a ‘ 2f 2x4x10° The next higher-order mode is feo =c/2b.379 5 = 0:85¢ 0.85x3x10* © FH 085fy = 0855 —> bale Prob. 12.12 © 2x1.067%10" 30 5 GHz 2x1.067V68 = 5.391 GHz 3x10* = 9.6210" m/s Fle, 0439x168 “% 3x10" F fe, 0.439x6x10 xJ68 a 2x0.439V6.8 Prob.12.13 04368 m = 4.368 cm In evanescent mode, : Wot (™) + a380 Prob. 12.14 £, #0. This must be TM; mode (m=2,n=3). Since a= 2b, Ant + 4n? te J4+36 =15.81 GHz, f= 2. 1592 GHz | tn =377V1-(15.81/159.2° _lBeP +1E,P 2 ae 2" [(an/ay? cos! '(2ax/a)sin’ (32y/b)+(32/b)’ sin?(22x/a)cos* ‘Gry/b)]a, 97) _ BE,'ab 8H pao IGF = 3 om (15.81/159.27 =3.317x10° peak omae OEE [Pa a = 10970? (3.317)? x10° x 5? x18x10% 8x (1.098x10°)x375.1 Prob. 12.15 (@) Since m=2 and n=1, we have TEz1_mode ©) B=B'YI- L/S = oh 6, yl- (Jo381 yo? - Bc? . = hext0" — Ee a 377 =e oe = 878, a VAGISY yI- 6973167 (For TE mode, -o% —— rom /a)H, sin(mnx | a) cos(nny /b) sin(t ~ Bz) ob a (ime / aH, sin{omax /a)cos(nny 6) sin(ot ~ B2) B= 12, m=2,n=1 pee rom Ja)H,, Hy = bem Ja)H, x 6x10" x 4x1 12 E, Hy, = 2% = — 3 =1.267 maim Te 42° x100 1.267 sin(mnx / a) cos(mny /b)sin(o t - Bz) mA/m Prob. 12.16 (@) Since m=2, n=3, the mode is TE: © pp GIA =" GIN But SL Jlonl ay CaT6y = 3210" (27286 + GNOIGF = 46.19 GHz, f= 50 GHz 2x107 y p= 2AZS0~IO FE (46.19750)' = 400.68 rad/m 3x10°382 we 377 ©) a t-(.1fy Y1- (46.191 50) Prob. 12.17 3x10° ul _3xtot =259.570 2x5x107V2.25 ” roe OZ d RZ —— (pR')+ — O"+ ROZ"+ k? ROZ = 0 ach (pR') 7 Dividing by ROZ, a Be OR) rth =-F383 od oR oak =0 Bp ap OF + Gyt H+ k= 0 24 Crys ta b2p?=-2 Rap OR)+ +k? ip? = © or Ok 20 =0 @ 2 2 0 Gp OR + (io? ky R= 0, where k,? = k?+k,. p?R"+pR'+(k,’p? ~ ky’)R= 0 Prob.12.19 For the dominant TE} mode, Bi aE S76 Gals e3___V3x3x10" _ As Bsn S3em384 fT A | J. =NO208f = 2.0523 GHz uw 3x10" ea eg 927 om 2f, 2W22x2.03x10 ——= Prob. 12.21 ; ft af Gn /0.025)' + (n/001)? =15Yn? +(m/25) GHz fyo=6Gt, fico = 12 GHz, feo = 15 GHz. Since f.20 , f.10 > 11 GHz, only the dominant TE mode is propagated. ieee ee eeeeeeee aneenee Ou 1-(f.1fY — y1-(6111P we = (6/11) = 0.8381 | Prob. 12.22 Let F= JI-(f./f) = fl- (16/24) = 07453 qo at, ; " F = 210° x 0.7453 = 149 110° We PB © T5x07453 Prob. 12.23 [Ey P+1B P| our Cur? /ba, 2n = aypane He sity385 Ser ye J J sin? xy/bdxdy But f= (mn/a)?+ (mm /by = = - Prob. 12.24 R fa ee "Vo, 5.8x10" see GHz | = 104 GHz 7 233810 (a) For TE} mode, ¢q.(12.57) gives y+ {Py = \-@ ne +k, +k, + jopo, e = 07 fu? + e+ fous, Ft smal x4 x = 0.012682 + j373.57 0.012682 Np/m386 2x2.858x107 [3 “107Q33.8)1-4.651 May 2 (b) For TE), mode, O44 By = y-07 /u? + Ia’ + 1/8’ + jopo, = |-139556.214+ + [9.4748 = 0.02344+ j20214 | a, = 0.02344 Np/m a: 2R, [gees] 2x2.858x107 [oe] © wi - OIF (@/a¥ +1} 107338 Ji-d04 712 La/4) +1 0.0441 Np/m Ra eh jetee- je Comparing this with 6, =166,(1- j10“) =166, — jl6e, x10 =16e,, 2 =16e,x10* o For TM2; mode, a 2 =| = 2.0963 GHz, =1.1f, =2.3059 GHz 5 7 =166,0%10% = 16x 27x 2.305910" x ee x10" = 2.0525>10*Ee = 08E, Prob. 12.26 For TMa1 mode, | by YI ILY _ 305910" x 42x10” 15x10" = 0.0246 = 0.0314 Npim «307 x0.4166 1 a, +a, Eg 207, ———> z= In(l/0. Prob. 12.27 For TE} mode, we 3x10° 2a 2N2.11x4.8x107 =2.151 GHz o eed (@ loss tangent = <= 4 10° 4 o = das = 3x10" x21 x 4x10" x2.11x——— = 1.4086x 10 360 120% ns Foe = 25933 a- _ 1.406710 x 259.53 oN-Gity Wi-@.151/4F _ [ate _ [2x4x10?x42x107 1.9625x102 © Rey o 41x10" * 165x107 Np/m388 2 925x107 (0.5 + 0.5% 0.2892) aims Sain 2.4107 x 259.53x0.8431 on’ E Gt =4.818x10" Np/m Prob.12.28 gee gghal Sea tl 0.5x107 wan RAT f-() 10° V7 cap (4J| 306.872.25), ‘The MATLAB code is shown below | k=10°(-5)/(30*sqrt(5.8/2.25)); | f=10%10; | for n=1:1000 | f{n)=fe*(n/100+1); fn=f(n); num=sqrt(fn)*(1 +(fe/fn)"2 ); den=sqri(1- (fe/fn)*2 ); alpha(n) =k*num/den; end plot(£/10°9,alpha) xlabel( ‘frequency (GHz)') ylabel(attenuation’) ‘The plot of attenuation versus frequency is shown below.389 ‘The surface resistance is 7 7 p= [PL = [exBAnIO x10” _ 9 193 o 58x10" For TE mode, 2R, 56 <2" =0.781, 9'=7,=377 aa” °390 2x23.91x10" [oss 1.016 1016x107 x377Vi—0.78F | 2.286 47.82x10°(0.54 0.2711) _ ~~ 3.83x0.6245 =15.42x10* x8.686 dB/m = 0.1339 dB/m 15.42x10° Np/m cu’ {1-| (4) =3x108J1— (0.3947)? =a,+a, a, =0 since the guide is air-filled. x10" x 47x10” 58x10" geal =2.609x107Q. 2x 2.609107 = . [os +160 39477 1.6x107(377), hi (0.3947) 38 =5.325x10% Np/m @t,(dB) = 8.686x:5.325x10" = 0.04626 dB/m Prob.12.31 ul © 3x10° Jao 26" 2 2x2.5x107V2.26 o =2hfe ey 3x10° =3.991 GHz, 0.8467 = 199.94 rad/m— gon OMe _ 10°77) _ 4.41107 Nplm QF 2F Je, 2x0.846742.2 Patel f oh fk ol niu _ |xx7Sx10 x4ax10" _ o, 1.1x10" 20.0519] 0.541:5{ 3:99 25\ 75 F FJe, 0.8467/2.26 3x10° 0.8467 _ 689%10" mis . € 3x10" 0.05 m= SNe, 3.991x10°J2.26 a E 3x10" =4,589 GHz VRA1x225K10°) 2R, on © tanner [Sturn] (EE -amonee 377 - 37 - 25954 1° alProb. 12.33 For TE; mode, fo) AF icy] 4.4). Plz of VSS | where k is a constant. rome Sperm helm separ Eyy da ov” OMY For minimum value, = 0. This leads to £=2.962f,. Prob. 12.34 | For the TE mode to 2, E,,= 0,H,, = H, cos(mnx /a)cos(nny /b)sin(pxz/c) comeaesaeE EF (om La)H, sin(onx a)costeny /b)sin(pnz /e) as required. 7 OE, jon dH, _ jon a Be ay 7 p/P, costa) sin(ny 6) sin( paz /€) From Maxwell’s equation,393 ence ~jopH,=VxE,=|0x dy dz IE, E, 0 =- fem /aX pn /c)H, sin(mnx /a)cos(nny /b)cos(prz/c) ‘Maxwell’s equation can be written as Hee oon cee lncesy Way W ox For a rectangular cavity, =k? +k, = (mn /a)’ + (nm /by For TM mode, H.=0 and E,,= E, sin(mnx /a)sin(nny /b)cos(prz/c) LE (un IE, sin(mmx/a)cos(nny/b)cos( pxz/c) jot Ey 1 oH, ox WF dy = - FF (nm | a)E, cos(mns.|a)sin(rmy /b)cos(pz €) From Maxwell’s equation, jo 2 2 jocE,=VxH,=|0x dy oz ld, H, 0 ate joe az = ppl 'b) pa /c)E, sin(mzx a) cos(nay /b) cos( pxz/e)394 Prob. 12.36 SMenlay + Glby + (ley where for TM mode to 2,m=1,2, 3y.ey M1, 2,3, 005 P=0,1,2, and for TE mode to 2,m=0,1,2, 3,.r5 M=Osl, 253, 0m P= 1,253,005 (mtn) #0. (@ If a I/b> Ie, Hence the dominant mode is_TEou. | () Ifa>b>e, Vab, Va=1e< 1, Prob. 12.37 HOOF) -@ =150.02441m? +0.0625n? +0.04 p”Som =1510.02441+0+0.04 = 3.81 GHz Son =150-+0.0625 + 0.04 = 4.802 GHz Say =15V0.02441+ 0.0625 +0 = 4.422 GHz Spon = 15V4%0.02441+ 0+ 0.04 = 5.565 GHz Soy =150.02441+ 0.0625 +0.04 = 5.344 GHz Thus the lowest order modes are TEj.,, TE91;5 TEyyo» TE}, of TM,,,- a=64cm, b= 4m, c=5Scem. One = Fra 8[ 2a? +0) + ac(a? +c") - (40.96 +25)128x107 1621x107 5[8(262.144+125) +32(40.96+25)] 5 5-1. 1 alot Vth to. Vnx3.81x10 x42 x107x5.8x10" 93.4 07 234 15,140.14 10 reso, =16.21%1 Prob. 12.38 1 c__3x10° Ve Pas 2S u' (mY (nY (py _1.897%10°x10? (mY (ny (py NG) (Ga (3) 3) 8) =9.485y mi? +0.25n? +0.111p? GHz Som =9-485V1+0+0.111 = 10 GHz Soy =9.485J0+0.25+0.111 = 5.701 GHz Sox =9.485V0+0.25+0.444 = 7.906 GHz rors =9-485V0+0.25+0.999 = 10.61 GHz Son =9-485N04140.111 = 10 GHz Sy =9.485V1+0.25+0.111 = 11.07 GHz 897x108396 Thus, the first five resonant frequencies are: 5.701 GH2(TE,,,) ] 10 GHz (TE,p, and TE,.,) 10.61 GHz (TE, or TMy0) 11.07 GHz (TE,,, of TMyy,) | Prob. 12.39 (@ +¢?)abe 6| 2b(a’ +c) +.ac(a’ +c”) When a=b=c, 2a’? 2a _a © 6[2ax2a +a°x2a"] 65a" 35 Prob. 12.40 | (a) Since a> b 0=0,7 Thus the group pattern and the resultant patterns are as shown in Fig.13.15(a) ©) £(0)= osblend “(pos + «| where @=""4, fd = 1/2 1 £(0)=|cos4| jx 3 Fos I unit pattern group pattern For the group pattern, the nulls are at ™% (cos0=1) = %403 Thus the group pattern and the resultant pattems are as shown in Fig.13.15(b) P. E.13.7 @ ‘Thus, we take a pair at a time and multiply the patterns as shown below. 6-8-8 (b) The group patter is the normalized array factor, i.e. » NV=1) ay, NOV = L (AP), = ype Ne + Ge ¥ 4 il 2 3! a N-/ N(N-IXN-2) where = 5o(") «rons Sot ME DORD, =U4+n 1 4 I, yi $7