Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CCNA Cisco Kurs PDF
CCNA Cisco Kurs PDF
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
1.1 Internet
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
Otpornik
Kondenzator
Tranzistor
Integrisano kolo (integrated circuit IC)
LED dioda
Konektor
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
mikroprocesor
RAM i ROM memorija
magistrala (bus)
Ureaji za skladitenje
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
grafika kartica
mrena kartica (network interface card NIC, LAN
adapter)
modemska kartica (tzv. interni modem)
Portovi
serijski
paralelni
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
Ethernet,
Token Ring
FDDI
koaksijalni kabl
UTP kabl
optiki kabl
beina konekcija (wireless)
PCI
ISA
PCMCIA
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
1.1 Modem
z
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
1960
1970
1990
1980
2000
DSL servisi
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
ping 127.0.0.1
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
Netscape Navigator
Internet Explorer
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
Direktni metod
Iterativni metod
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
25
24
23
22
21
20
128 64
32
16
27
1
128
16
145
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
36
18
72
36
18
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
145 17
17
17
128 64
32
16
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
162
4096 256
161 160
16
12
4096 2560 96
12
10
6764
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
27
443
27
15
11
11
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
Operacija NOT
Operacija AND
unarna operacija
vraa negaciju operanda
npr. NOT(true)=false, NOT(false)=true
binarna operacija
vraa true samo ako su oba operanda true, u suprotnom vraa false
npr. true AND false = false, true AND true = true
Operacija OR
binarna operacija
vraa true ako je bar jedan operanada true, u suprotnom vraa false
npr. true OR false = true, false OR false = false
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
1.2 IP adresa
z
z
Veliine 32 bita
Sastoji se iz dva polja
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
Dotted-decimal format:
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Module 1: Introduction to
Networking
CCNA Semester 1
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
TCP/IP
IPX/SPX
AppleTalk
CCNA Semester 1
NetBEUI
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
HLEN
SERVICE TYPE
TOTAL LENGTH
IDENTIFICATION
TIME TO LIVE
FLAGS
PROTOCOL
FRAGMENT OFFSET
HEADER CHECKSUM
SOURCE IP ADDRESS
DESTINATION IP ADDRESS
IP OPTIONS
PADDING
DATA
...
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Minimize delay
Maximize throughput
Maximize reliability
Minimize monetary cost
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Protokol
IP encapsulation
17
41
IP version 6 (IPv6)
89
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
<type>
<type><length><data>
CCNA Semester 1
10.2 Ruter
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
Da
Uporedi Destination
IP adresu sa
odreditima u tabeli
rutiranja
CRC validan?
Da
Prosledi paket na
interfejs za
odredite
Ne
Da
Ukloni zaglavlje i
trailer okvira
Pronaeno
odredite?
Enkapsuliraj paket
sa trailer-om
Ne
Ne
Enkapsuliraj paket
sa zaglavljem
Ne
Odbaci okvir
Da li je paket
namenjen ruteru?
Postoji default
ruta?
Prosledi okvir
Da
Ne
Procesiraj paket
Odbaci paket
Kraj
Poalji destination
unreachable
poruku
Kraj
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
IP next hop
Network interface
20.0.0.0
DIRECT
30.0.0.0
DIRECT
10.0.0.0
20.0.0.5
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Optimizovanost
Jednostavnost i manji overhead
Robusnost i stabilnost
Skalabilnost
Brza konvergencija
CCNA Semester 1
Distance-vector
Link-state
Hybrid
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
RIP
OSPF
IGRP
EIGRP
BGP
CCNA Semester 1
ES
AS 1
IGP
IS
IS
AS 3
EGP
IS
AS 2
IS
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Dotted-decimal format
/<veliina netid i subnetid polja>
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Obratiti panju:
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
4 bita 14 podmrea
5 bita 30 podmrea
CCNA Semester 1
Uzimamo varijantu #1
CCNA Semester 1
156.78.8.0 (subnetid=00001)
156.78.0.0 (subnetid=00000)
156.78.240.0 (subnetid=11110)
156.78.248.0 (subnetid=11111)
CCNA Semester 1
156.78.8.0 (hostid=00000000000)
156.78.8.1(hostid=00000000001)
CCNA Semester 1
156.78.247.254 (hostid=11111111110)
CCNA Semester 1
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
11.1 Port
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
IP
Header
Frame
Header
IP Data Area
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Site 2
Active OPEN
Passive OPEN
CCNA Semester 1
Site 2
(inform application)
Send FIN seq=y
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Poiljalac (Sender):
Primalac (Receiver):
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
DESTINATION PORT
SEQUENCE NUMBER
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT NUMBER
HLEN
CODE BITS
WINDOW
CHECKSUM
URGENT POINTER
PADDING
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Znaenje
URG
ACK
PSH
RST
Resetuj konekciju
SYN
FIN
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
Servis
20
21
23
Telnet
25
53
80
110
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
IP
Header
Frame
Header
IP Data Area
CCNA Semester 1
UDP CHECKSUM
DATA
...
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Port
Servis
53
69
111
123
161
162
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
.COM
.ORG
.EDU
.NET
.GOV
.INT
ISO 3166 kodovi zemalja
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
Server for
com
domain
Internet
Internet
Root
Server
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
Server for
nba.com
domain
CCNA Semester 1
Klijent-server aplikacija
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
nema autentifikacije
nema direktorijuma
koristi UDP
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
<protokol>://<ime servera>/<folder>/
http://www.rcub.bg.ac.yu/cnap/
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
ruteri
serveri
svievi
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
11.2 Telnet
z
z
Funkcionisanje
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
raunari
printeri
itd.
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
Ripiter (repeater)
Hab (hub)
Brid (bridge)
Svi (switch)
Ruter (router)
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
broadcast
token passing
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
optiki kablovi
beina veza
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
Skraenica
Mera
Bita u sekundi
bps
1 bit u sekundi
Kilobita u sekundi
kbps
Megabita u sekundi
Mbps
Gigabita u sekundi
Gbps
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
Propusni opseg..
... je konaan!
... kota!
... najvie utie na performanse mree!
... nikada nije dovoljno velik!
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
Propusni opseg
Maks. duina
medijuma
10 Mbps
500 m
10 Mbps
185 m
10 Mbps
100 m
10 Mbps
100 m
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
Propusni opseg
Maks. duina
medijuma
100 Mbps
2000 m
1 Gbps
220 m
1 Gbps
250 m
1 Gbps
5000 m
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
Propusni opseg
Modem
DSL
ISDN
Frame Relay
T1/E1
T3/E3
STM-1/OC-3
155.52 Mbps
SMT-4/OC-12
622.08 Mbps
SMT-16/OC-48
2.488 Gbps
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Module 2: Networking
Fundamentals
CCNA Semester 1
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Provodnici
Poluprovodnici
Izolatori
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Jednosmerna struja
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Prednosti
Mane
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Prednosti
Mane
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Prednosti
cena
lakoa instalacije
nain terminacije
Mane
CCNA Semester 1
Kabl se terminira:
RJ-45 konektorom
RJ-45 utinicom
CCNA Semester 1
Straight-through
Cross-over
Rollover
CCNA Semester 1
Straight-through
Crossover
Rollover
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
3.2 Refleksija
z
CCNA Semester 1
3.2 Refrakcija
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Reenje:
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Core
Cladding
CCNA Semester 1
Buffer
Strength Material
tight-buffered
loose-tube
Jacket
spoljni omota
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
infracrveni laser
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
SC (Subscriber Connector)
ST (Straight Tip)
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
slabljenje
disperzija
CCNA Semester 1
3.2 Slabljenje
z
Uzroci:
CCNA Semester 1
3.2 Disperzija
z
CCNA Semester 1
Provlaenje kablova
Seenje (cut) i poliranje (polish) krajeva kabla
Postavljanje konektora
Zatita konektora od prljavtine
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
IEEE 802.11
CCNA Semester 1
IEEE 802.11a
do 54 Mbps
5 GHz
IEEE 802.11g
CCNA Semester 1
Ad-hoc
Infrastructure
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
Metodi autentifikacije:
open
z
shared
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
Neautentifikovan i nepridruen
Autentifikovan i nepridruen
Autentifikovan i pridruen
CCNA Semester 1
3.3 Modulacija
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
4.1 Talas
z
Osobine:
amplituda
perioda
frekvencija
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
ax = b x = loga = b
Skraenice:
log log10
ln loge
CCNA Semester 1
4.1 Decibel
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
meri se u bitima/kilobitima/megabitima/gigabitima u
sekundi (bps/kbps/Mbps/Gbps)
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
duina kabla
visoke frekvencije u spektru (slabljenje je vee na
viim frekvencijama)
Meri se u decibelima:
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Wire map
Insertion loss
Near-end crosstalk (NEXT)
Power sum near-end crosstalk (PSNEXT)
Equal-level far-end crosstalk (ELFEXT)
Power sum equal-level far-end crosstalk (PSELFEXT)
Return loss
Propagation delay
Cable length
Delay skew
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
4.2 Wiremap
z
z
z
open pair
short pair
reversed-pair (1-2, 2-1)
split-pair
transposed-pair
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
4.2 Crosstalk
z
z
z
NEXT
PSNEXT
ELFEXT
PSELFEXT
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
UTP
ScTP (FTP)
STP
multimodna vlakna
monomodna vlakna
Koaksijalni kablovi
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Ethernet
nivo
nivo
nivo
Fast
Ethernet
Gigabit
Ethernet
X
X
X
X
X
CCNA Semester 1
AUI
BNC
10BASE2
RJ-45
10BASE5
10BASE-T
100BASE-TX
1000BASE-T
SC (ST)
100BASE-FX
1000BASE-SX
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
razvodnom
nazidnoj/uzidnoj kutiji
strani mrenog prikljuka
na
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Pasivni hab
Aktivni hab
Inteligentni hab
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
5.1 Brid
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
5.1 Svi
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
ruter
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Prednosti:
jeftinija za implementaciju
ne zahteva posebnog mrenog administratora
Mane:
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
Primeri:
10BASE2
100BASE-TX
1000BASE-LX
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Veliine 48 bita
Zapisuje se u heksadecimalnom obliku
z
XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
deterministiki
nedeterministiki
CCNA Semester 1
token passing
Primene
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
CSMA/CD
Primene
Eternet (half-duplex)
CCNA Semester 1
Eternet
Token Ring
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
6.2 Propagacija
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
6.2 Backoff
z
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
6.2 Kolizija
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
Local
Remote
Late
CCNA Semester 1
Collision (runt)
Late collision
CCNA Semester 1
FCS error
Alignment error
Range error
Ghost (jabber)
CCNA Semester 1
6.2 Auto-negotiation
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Odreivanje brzine:
Odreivanje duplex-a:
CCNA Semester 1
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
10BASE5
10BASE2
10BASE-T
Manchester kodovanje
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
0 se predstavlja tranzicijom V1 V2
1 se predstavlja tranzicijom V2 V1
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
7.1 10BASE5
z
z
z
z
Iskljuivo half-duplex
Nekadanje prednosti 10BASE5 tehnologije:
cena
ne zahteva konfiguraciju
CCNA Semester 1
7.1 10BASE2
z
z
z
z
Iskljuivo half-duplex
Prednosti u odnosu na 10BASE5 tehnologiju:
laka instalacija
nia cena
kabl manje teine i vee fleksibilnosti
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
7.1 10BASE-T
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
100BASE-TX
100BASE-FX
Dvostruko kodovanje:
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
7.1 100BASE-TX
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
7.1 100BASE-FX
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
1000BASE-CX
1000BASE-T
1000BASE-SX
1000BASE-LX
1000BASE-ZX
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
7.2 1000BASE-T
z
z
z
4D-PAM5 kodovanje:
CCNA Semester 1
7.2 1000BASE-X
z
z
z
8B/10B
NRZ
CCNA Semester 1
7.2 1000BASE-LX
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
7.2 1000BASE-SX
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
10GBASE-SR
10GBASE-LX4
10GBASE-LR i 10GBASE-ER
10GBASE-SW, 10GBASE-LW i 10GBASE-EW
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
10GBASE-SR
10GBASE-LX4
CCNA Semester 1
10GBASE-LR i 10GBASE-ER
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
Layer 2 briding
Layer 2 sviing
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 1
Realizovan u softveru
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
store-and-forward
cut-through
fragment-free
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Simetrini sviing
Asimetrini sviing
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
z
z
prioriteta
MAC adrese
CCNA Semester 1
Blocking
Listening
Forwarding
Learning
Disabled
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
Deljeni medijum
Proireni deljeni
medijum
Point-to-point veza
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
CCNA Semester 1
ARP
RIP
CCNA Semester 1
8.2 Segment
1.
2.
3.
CCNA Semester 2
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
Glavne karakteristike:
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Ruter
WAN svi
Modem
Komunikacioni server
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
EIA/TIA-232
EIA/TIA-449
V.24
V.35
X.21
G.703
EIA-530
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 2
point-to-point
multipoint
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
X.25
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
Link Access Procedure Balanced (LAPB)
Link Access Procedure D-channel (LAPD)
Link Access Procedure Frame (LAPF)
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
RAM memorija
CCNA Semester 2
Fle memorija
NVRAM memorija
CCNA Semester 2
Magistrale
ROM memorija
CCNA Semester 2
Interfejsi
Napajanje
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
DESTINATION PORT
SEQUENCE NUMBER
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT NUMBER
HLEN
CODE BITS
WINDOW
CHECKSUM
URGENT POINTER
PADDING
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
UDP CHECKSUM
DATA
...
CCNA Semester 2
10.2 Port
z
CCNA Semester 2
WWW
FTP
IE
CCNA Semester 2
Podela #1:
Podela #2:
CCNA Semester 2
Servis
20
21
23
Telnet
25
53
80
110
CCNA Semester 2
Port
Servis
53
69
111
123
161
162
CCNA Semester 2
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Ostale primene:
CCNA Semester 2
3.
4.
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
IP standard
1-99
IP extended
100-199
AppleTalk
600-699
IPX
800-899
IPX extended
900-999
IPX SAP
1000-1099
1300-1399
2600-2699
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Primer:
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Sintaksa:
Parametri:
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
147.91.4.0 147.91.4.255
147.91.78.78
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Sintaksa:
Parametri:
CCNA Semester 2
Parametri:
CCNA Semester 2
ip
udp
igrp
tcp
icmp
gre
CCNA Semester 2
Logika
operacija
=
le
gt
ge
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
<
>
CCNA Semester 2
Kljuna re
ftp-data
ftp
smtp
pop3
http
Broj porta
20
21
25
110
80
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
120
120
120
120
120
135
any
135
any
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Internet ruter
Proxy server (apllication gateway)
LAN ruter
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
EXEC modovi
konfiguracioni modovi
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Primer:
c3600-is-mz
CCNA Semester 2
Znaenje
IOS se izvrava iz Flash memorije
IOS se izvrava iz RAM memorije
IOS se izvrava iz ROM memorije
IOS je relokatibilan
IOS je kompresovan (zip)
IOS je kompresovan (mzip)
CCNA Semester 2
verziju IOS-a
verziju Bootstrap ROM-a
verziju Boot ROM-a
vreme koje je ruter podignut
metod poslednjeg restarta
naziv i lokacija IOS fajla
platformu rutera
vrednost konfiguracionog registra
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
ROM monitor
Boot ROM
Cisco IOS
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Hardverska inicijalizacija
1.
B.
POST
Softverska inicijalizacija
1.
2.
3.
CCNA Semester 2
5.
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Globalni parametri:
Parametri interfejsa:
Interfejs zatvoren?
IP parametri (IP adresa, subnet maska)
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Ctrl-P
tasterom CURSOR_UP
Ctrl-N
tasterom CURSOR_DOWN
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
IP adrese interfejsa
definisanje protokola za rutiranje
definisanje lozinki
itd.
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
interface
line
router
itd.
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
cisco-bgp#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.
cisco-bgp(config)#hostname cisco-primer
cisco-primer(config)#exit
cisco-primer#
CCNA Semester 2
Vrste lozinki
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
interface Serial 0
interface FastEthernet 0/0
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Port
None
None
Flags
Age Type
(perm, OK) 0
IP
(perm, OK) 0
IP
Address(es)
219.17.100.1
192.5.5.1
CCNA Semester 2
Komanda za kopiranje
fajla sa TFTP servera u
running konfiguraciju
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Naziv fajla
CCNA Semester 2
Potvrda prenosa
CCNA Semester 2
Poetak prenosa
Preneseni
UDP datagram
Kraj prenosa
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Naziv ureaja
Po jedna adresa svakog konfigurisanog Layer 3 protokola
Nazivi interfejsa
Tip ureaja
Verzija operativnog sistema
Model ureaja
Holdtime
VTP domen (CDPv2)
Native VLAN (CDPv2)
Full/half duplex (CDPv2)
CCNA Semester 2
Local Intrfce
Ser 5/0
Ser 3/2
Ser 4/2
Ser 4/1
Ser 4/0
Ser 5/2
Ser 5/1
Ser 5/3
Ser 6/2
Fas 0/0
Fas 0/1
Holdtme
142
162
168
153
141
161
121
150
177
129
129
Capability
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
S I
R S I
Platform Port ID
1601
Ser 0
1720
Ser 0
1720
Ser 0
1720
Ser 0
1720
Ser 0
1601
Ser 0
1601
Ser 0
1601
Ser 0
4500
Ser 0
WS-C2950T-Fas 0/24
WS-C6509 Fas 3/38
CCNA Semester 2
Podrazumevano:
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
sa IP adresom/imenom odredita
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Address
147.91.3.76
Byte
0
cisco-bgp#
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
POST
Uitavanje i izvravanje bootstrap programa
Uitavanje i izvravanje operativnog sistema
Uitavanje startup konfiguracije
CCNA Semester 2
CPU
memorija
interfejsi
CCNA Semester 2
iz Flash memorije
sa TFTP servera
iz ROM-a
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
14
13
12
11
10
Break
Disabled
bit
Ignore
NVRAM
bit
Boot polje
CCNA Semester 2
2.
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Flash memorija
TFTP server
ROM
CCNA Semester 2
Opis
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
show startup-config
show running-config
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Hardverski problem
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
fle memorija
NVRAM
mreni fajl sistemi (TFTP, rcp, FTP)
running konfiguracija
ROM
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Opis
nvram:startup-config
Startup konfiguracija
rcp:
ftp:
Running konfiguracija
CCNA Semester 2
Opis
startup-config
Startup konfiguracija
rcp
tftp
Running konfiguracija
CCNA Semester 2
Oznaka formata
Oznaka verzije
12.1(3) (121-3)
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Sauvati konfiguraciju
(copy run star)
Restartovati ruter
(reload)
Stop
CCNA Semester 2
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Connected ruta
Statika ruta
EIGRP
90
IGRP
100
OSPF
110
RIP
120
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Serial1
150.5.5.1/24
200.2.2.1/24
200.2.2.11/24
Serial0
150.5.5.2/24
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Odredina
mrea
Administrativna
distanca/metrika
R=RIP ruta
C=connected
S=statika ruta
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
RIP
OSPF
IGRP
EIGRP
BGP
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 2
AS 1
IGP
AS 2
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
EGP
AS 3
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
distance-vector
link-state
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
A
2
3
2
1
5
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
4
3
5
4
6
10
7
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
link-state
CCNA Semester 2
RIP
IGRP
CCNA Semester 2
OSPF
EIGRP
CCNA Semester 2
BGP
CCNA Semester 2
Specifikacija protokola
Specifikacija mrea koje se
oglaavaju/interfejsa preko kojih se alju
oglaavanja
Konfiguracija adresa na interfejsima
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
periodino
pri svakoj promeni topologije
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
split horizon
route poisoning
triggered updates
holddown
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
7.2 Holddown
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
autentifikacija
VLSM
slanje oglaavanja putem multicast-a
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Serial1
150.5.5.1/24
200.2.2.1/24
200.2.2.11/24
Serial0
150.5.5.2/24
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Opis
Default
vrednost (sec)
update
30
invalid
180
180
flush
240
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Primljeno
oglaavanje
Poslato
oglaavanje
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
K1 = K3 = 1
K2 = K4 = K5 = 0
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Update interval
Invalid tajmer
CCNA Semester 2
Holddown tajmer
Flush tajmer
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Serial1
150.5.5.1/24
200.2.2.1/24
200.2.2.11/24
Serial0
150.5.5.2/24
CCNA Semester 2
Split horizon
Hold-down
Poison-reverse
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
Connectionless
Unreliable
Best effort
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
TYPE
CODE
CHECKSUM
DATA
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Tipovi poruka:
Destination Unreachable
Source Quench
Redirect
Time Exceeded
Parameter Problem
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
TYPE (3)
CODE
UNUSED (0)
CHECKSUM
NEXT-HOP MTU
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
TYPE (12)
POINTER
CODE (0 ili 1)
CHECKSUM
UNUSED (0)
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
TYPE (5)
CODE (0-3)
CHECKSUM
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Echo Reply
Echo Request
Time Stamp Request
Time Stamp Reply
Address Mask Request
Address Mask Reply
Router Advertisement
Router Solicitation
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
TYPE (0 ili 8)
CODE (0)
CHECKSUM
IDENTIFIER
SEQUENCE NUMBER
DATA
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CODE (0)
IDENTIFIER
CHECKSUM
SEQUENCE NUMBER
ORIGINATE TIMESTAMP
RECEIVE TIMESTAMP
TRANSMIT TIMESTAMP
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CODE (0)
IDENTIFIER
CHECKSUM
SEQUENCE NUMBER
ADDRESS MASK
CCNA Semester 2
periodino
z
CCNA Semester 2
TYPE (9)
CODE (0)
CHECKSUM
NUMBER OF
ADDRESSES
ADDRESS
ENTRY SIZE
LIFETIME
ROUTER ADDRESS 1
PREFERENCE LEVEL 1
ROUTER ADDRESS 2
PREFERENCE LEVEL 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
TYPE (10)
CODE (0)
RESERVED
CHECKSUM
CCNA Semester 2
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
Prednosti:
Mane:
kompleksno odravanje
neprilagodljivost
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 2
Prednosti:
Mane:
CCNA Semester 2
ip default-network <mrea>
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
9.1 Metrika
z
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
S
S
C
R
C
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
prekinuti kablovi
neprikljueni kablovi
kablovi prikljueni na pogrean port
loe prikljueni kablovi (povremena veza)
pogrean tip kablova
problemi sa transiverom
DTE/DCE problemi
ureaj iskljuen
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
ping
pregled tabele rutiranja (show ip route)
pregled rada protokola za rutiranje (show ip
protocols)
pregled konfiguracije (show running-config)
CCNA Semester 2
ping
telnet
show interfaces
show cdp neighbors
traceroute
show ip route
show ip protocols
show controllers serial
debug
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 2
9.2 Ping
z
Startuje se komandom
ping <IP adresa ili ime> iz user ili
privileged moda
Podrazumevano se alju pet Echo Request
paketa
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Znaenje
Prekid komande
&
CCNA Semester 2
9.2 Telnet
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
Layer 1 status
Layer 2 status
status ulaznog/izlaznog reda za ekanje
broj prenetih bajtova i paketa
broj greaka na interfejsu, resetovanja interfejsa i
promena statusa (carrier transition)
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Line protocol
(Layer 2)
Opis
up
up
Interfejs operativan
up
down
Problem na sloju 2
down
down
Problem na sloju 1
administratively
down
administratively
down
Interfejs zatvoren
CCNA Semester 2
neispravna oprema
um u liniji
neispravan ili predugaak kabl
oteen kabl
neispravan CSU/DSU ili ruter
CCNA Semester 2
loa linija
neispravan CSU/DSU ili ruter
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
z
z
CCNA Semester 2
Znaenje
<vreme>
!H
!N
!U
!P
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
Zaustavlja se komandama
undebug all ili no debug all
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 2
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
1.1 VLSM
1.2 RIP verzija 2
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
Podmreavanje (subnetting)
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
192.168.1.0/24
192.168.1.128/25
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
Podmrea 192.168.1.0/28
Podmrea 192.168.1.64/26
Podmrea 192.168.1.128/25
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
200.1.1.0/26
200.1.1.64/26
z
z
z
z
200.1.1.64/28
200.1.1.80/28
200.1.1.96/28
200.1.1.112/28
200.1.1.128/26
200.1.1.192/26
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
Primer: 192.168.1.32/26
z
z
hostid(192.168.1.32/26) = 1000002 !
/26 blok ima 64 adresa i moe poeti na etvrtom oktetu 0,
64, 128 ili 192
Primer: 172.16.22.0/20
z
z
hostid(172.16.22.0/20) = 10000000002 !
/20 blok ima 1024 adresa i moe poeti na treem oktetu 0,
16, 32, 48 224,240 (etvrti oktet je 0)
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
OSPF
EIGRP
RIPv2
BGP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
podrka za VLSM
autentifikacija (cleartext i MD5)
eksplicitna next hop adresa rute
eksterna oznaka rute
multicast slanje oglaavanja (adresa 224.0.0.9)
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
router rip
network
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
version
komanda
Prijem v1
poruka
Slanje v1
poruka
Prijem v2
poruka
Ne postoji
version 1
X
X
version 2
Slanje v2
poruka
CCNA Semester 3
Module 1: Introduction to
Classless Routing
show ip protocols
show ip interface brief
show ip route
show running-config
debug ip rip
CCNA Semester 3
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Link
Link-state
stanje interfejsa
interfejs na ruteru
Cost
CCNA Semester 3
Routing table
Adjacencies table
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
vorovi
grane sa teinom
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Point-to-Point
Broadcast Multiaccess
NBMA
Point-to-Multipoint
CCNA Semester 3
Tip mree
DR/BDR
izbor
Odreivanje/broj
suseda
Slanje poruka
point-to-point
Ne
Automatsko (1)
multicast
broadcast
Da
Automatsko (vie)
multicast
NBMA
Da
Manuelno (vie)
unicast
point-to-multipoint
broadcast
Ne
Automatsko/
Manuelno (vie)
multicast
point-to-multipoint
non-broadcast
Ne
Manuelno (vie)
unicast
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
n*(n-1)/2
CCNA Semester 3
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Hello
Database Description (DD)
Link-State Request
Link-State Update (LSU)
Link-State Acknowledgement (LSAck)
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
uspostavljanje susednosti
izbor DR/BDR
ispitivanje da li je sused aktivan
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Down
Init
Two-way
ExStart
CCNA Semester 3
Exchange
Loading
Full
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
prioritet (primarni)
router ID (sekundarni)
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
cleartext
MD5
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
show
show
show
show
show
ip
ip
ip
ip
ip
protocol
ospf interface
ospf
ospf neighbor detail
ospf database
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
Metrika
Automatska redistribucija
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
Passive (P)
Active (A)
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
Uspostavljanje susedstva
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
Hello
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
Acknowledgements
Update
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
Query
Reply
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
Hold Uptime
(sec)
0
194.106.179.130
Se1
11 00:08:47
Cisco-RMF#show ip eigrp neighbors detail
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 176
H
Address
Interface
Hold Uptime
(sec)
0
194.106.179.130
Se1
10 00:10:16
Version 11.2/1.0, Retrans: 1, Retries: 0
SRTT
(ms)
96
SRTT
(ms)
96
RTO
Q Seq
Cnt Num
1140 0 109
RTO
Q Seq
Cnt Num
1140 0 109
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
Neighbor address
adresa suseda
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
Interface
Et0
Se0
Se1
Peers
0
0
1
Xmit Queue
Un/Reliable
0/0
0/0
0/0
Mean
SRTT
0
0
96
Pacing Time
Un/Reliable
0/10
5/190
5/190
Multicast
Flow Timer
0
250
190
Pending
Routes
0
0
0
CCNA Semester 3
Module 3: EIGRP
CCNA Semester 3
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
4.1 Eternet
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
raunar raunar
svi raunar
svi svi
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 3
brideva
svieva
rutera
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Simetrini sviing
Asimetrini sviing
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
store-and-forward
cut-through
z
z
fast-forward
fragment-free
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
4.2 Cut-through/fast-forward
sviing
z
CCNA Semester 3
4.2 Cut-through/fragment-free
sviing
z
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
Funkcionalnost
Skalabilnost
CCNA Semester 3
Prilagodljivost
Upravljivost
CCNA Semester 3
Smetanje servera
Kolizioni domeni
Segmentacija
Broadcast domeni
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
DNS
e-mail
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Potrebni podaci:
organizaciona struktura
istorija (budunost) organizacije
veliina
projektovani rast
CCNA Semester 3
Pitanja:
ko e koristiti mreu?
kakav je nivo znanja korisnika?
koje su aplikacije od posebne vanosti (missioncritical applications)?
ko je odgovoran za budue odravanje mree?
CCNA Semester 3
Najvaniji zadaci:
izbor kablova
z
z
izbor topologije
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
Rezultat dizajna:
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Najvaniji zadaci:
odreivanje L2 tehnologije
odreivanje broja potrebnih portova po koncentraciji
izbor modela svieva
odreivanje topologije povezivanja svieva
CCNA Semester 3
Najvaniji zadaci:
CCNA Semester 3
Access sloj
Distribution sloj
Core sloj
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
mikrosegmentacija
filtriranje na MAC nivou
switched/shared bandwidth
CCNA Semester 3
Catalyst 1900
Catalyst 2820
Catalyst 2950
Catalyst 4000
Catalyst 5000
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Catalyst 2926G
Catalyst 5000
Catalyst 6000
CCNA Semester 3
Realizacija na L2 ii L3 nivou
CCNA Semester 3
Catalyst 6500
Catalyst 8500
IGX 8400
Lightstream 1010
CCNA Semester 3
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
z
z
CPU
memorija
operativni sistem
CCNA Semester 3
System LED
CCNA Semester 3
STAT (status)
UTL (iskorienost)
FDUP (dupleks)
100 (10 ili 100 Mbps)
CCNA Semester 3
STAT
Znaenje
Dioda iskljuena
Nema linka
Neprekidna zelena
Link aktivan
Trepue zelena
Prijem/slanje okvira
Naizmenino uta/zelena
Link u kvaru
Neprekidna uta
CCNA Semester 3
UTL
CCNA Semester 3
Port Mode
100
Znaenje
Dioda iskljuena
Half-duplex
Neprekidna zelena
Full-duplex
Znaenje
Dioda iskljuena
10 Mbps
Neprekidna zelena
100 Mbps
CCNA Semester 3
System LED
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Hostname je Switch
Nema IP adresu
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
Default
z
z
IOS fajl
env_vars fajl
poddirektorijum html
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
-rwx
-rwx
-rwx
-rwx
-rwx
drwx
-rwx
273
3196
3803
110
2958970
2304
110
Jan
Mar
Mar
Mar
Mar
Mar
Mar
01
22
01
01
01
01
01
1970
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
00:01:24
00:51:14
00:12:17
00:02:13
00:03:51
00:05:02
00:05:14
env_vars
vlan.dat
config.text
info
c2950-i6q4l2-mz.121-14.EA1a.bin
html
info.ver
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
delete flash:vlan.dat
erase startup-config
Restartovanje svia
reload
CCNA Semester 3
Lozinke
IP adresa
CCNA Semester 3
Konfiguracija porta
HTTP server
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
ne zastareva
samo tano odreen raunar se moe prikljuiti na dati port
mac-address-table static <mac-address>
interface <interface-id> {vlan <vlan name>}
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Konfiguracija hostname-a
Konfiguracija lozinki
Konfiguracija IP parametara
IP adresa
adresa default gateway-a
Konfiguracija lozinki
CCNA Semester 3
Odravanje konfiguracije
Backup-ovanje running konfiguracije
Backup-ovanje IOS fajla
CCNA Semester 3
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
7.1 Redudantnost
z
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Broadcast storm
Viestruke kopije frejmova
Nestabilnost MAC tabele
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Radna
Stanica
Root brid
X
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
blocking
listening
forwarding
learning
disabled
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Traje 50 sekundi:
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Tipovi linkova:
point-to-point
z
z
edge-type
z
z
shared
z
alternate
backup
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
podrazumevani VLAN ID je 1
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
z
z
sigurnost
laka konfiguracija
lako nadgledanje
Raunarski centar Univerziteta u Beogradu
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
IEEE 802.1Q
ISL
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Kontrola broadcast-a
Poveana sigurnost
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
z
z
kreiranje/brisanje/modifikacija VLAN-ova
VTP konfiguracija
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
show vlan
show vlan brief
show vlan id <number>
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
Name
-------------------------------default
RCUB_WINDOWS_LAN
RCUB_CLASSROOM_LAN
Status
--------active
active
active
1002
1003
1004
1005
fddi-default
token-ring-default
fddinet-default
trnet-default
act/unsup
act/unsup
act/unsup
act/unsup
Ports
------------------------------Gi0/1, Gi0/2
Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4, Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7
Fa0/8, Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12, Fa0/13, Fa0/14
Fa0/15, Fa0/16, Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20
Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Fa0/23
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 3
CCNA Semester 4
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
definie se statiki
omoguuje hostu sa privatne mree da bude vidljiv
sa javne mree (Internet)
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Vea bezbednost
CCNA Semester 4
Konfiguracija PAT-a
CCNA Semester 4
1.1 Konfiguracija
unutranjih/spoljanjih interfejsa (1)
z
CCNA Semester 4
1.1 Konfiguracija
unutranjih/spoljanjih interfejsa (2)
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
clear ip translation *
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
z
z
z
z
Poveano kanjenje
Slabije performanse
Nemogunost praenja putanje sa hosta na host
Nemogunost direktnog saobraaja prema hostu bez
statikog mapiranja
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Automatska alokacija
Manuelna alokacija
Dinamika alokacija
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
do 33 kbps (standardno)
do 56 kbps (ako je jedan kraj veze digitalizovan)
CCNA Semester 4
Prednosti:
jednostavnost
dostupnost (availability)
niska cena implementacije
Mane:
CCNA Semester 4
64 kbps
CCNA Semester 4
ISDN servisi
2xB + 1xD
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
2.2 X.25
z
z
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
Layer 2 tehnologija
vei propusni opseg (do 4 Mbps)
manje kanjenje
prenos podataka i glasa
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
2.2 ATM
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
z
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
4.1 ISDN
z
Skup standarda koji definiu kompletnu circuitswitched digitalnu mreu (end-to-end digital
network) preko postojee telefonskog
kabliranja
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
4.1 E standardi
z
CCNA Semester 4
4.1 I standardi
z
CCNA Semester 4
4.1 Q standardi
z
CCNA Semester 4
B (bearer) kanal
D (delta) kanala
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
D channel
B channel
Layer 3
DSS1 (Q.931)
IP/IPX
Layer 2
LAPD (Q.921)
HDLC/PPP/FR/LAPB
Layer 1
I.430/I.431
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
B1
B2
CCNA Semester 4
F (Framing)
z
z
z
z
L (Load balancing)
E (Echo)
S (Spare)
A (Activation)
za aktivaciju TE ureaja
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Flag
SAPI (6 bitova)
C/R
CCNA Semester 4
TEI (7 bitova)
adresa primaoca
sve 1-ice (127) predstavljaju broadcast
Control
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
TE1
TE2
TA
CCNA Semester 4
NT1
NT2
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
S/T (Evropa)
U (SAD)
ISDN TA za PC raunar
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
SPID
PRI
vremenskih slotovi
rejming
linijski kod
D kanal
definisanje interesantnog saobraaja
postavljanje statikih ruta prema ISDN odreditima
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Argumenti:
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
pozvani broj
vreme do raskidanja veze
Advice of Charge (AOC)
jedinice za raunanje trokova
da li se AOC informacija daje tokom poziva ii na
njegovom kraju
CCNA Semester 4
show dialer
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
Legacy DDR
Dialer Profiles
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Format:
dialer-list
protocol ip
dialer-list
protocol ip
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Format:
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Dialer interfejs
pul fizikih interfejsa (dialer pool)
fiziki interfejs
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
ip address
encapsulation
idle-timeout
dialer-group
dialer string
dialer remote-name
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
show dialer
show isdn active
show isdn status
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
DTE ureaj
FR svi
DCE ureaj
CCNA Semester 4
5.1 FR topologija
CCNA Semester 4
Tipovi:
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
5.1 VC u FR mrei
CCNA Semester 4
dolazni port
dolazni DLCI
odlazni port
odlazni DLCI
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Flag (0x7E)
Addressing
CCNA Semester 4
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
5.1 FR topologije
z
z
z
z
point-to-point
star
full mesh
partial mesh
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
5.1 LMI
z
z
z
Cisco
Ansi T1.617 Annex D
ITU-T Q.933A Annex A
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Tip poruke
status
status-enquiry
IE type
IE length
IE data
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Konfiguracija FR sviinga
Specifikacija Frame Relay enkapsulacije
(encpsulation frame-relay)
Konfiguracija DCE FR interfejsa
Konfiguracija statikog ulaza u FR sviing
tabeli
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
prikaz FR mape
CCNA Semester 4
Local
Switched
Unused
Active
1
0
0
Inactive
0
0
0
Deleted
0
0
0
Static
0
0
0
DLCI = 101, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = ACTIVE, INTERFACE = Serial1/0.2
input pkts 141974838
output pkts 74049172
in bytes 256327565
out bytes 2953633141
dropped pkts 0
in pkts dropped 0
out pkts dropped 0
out bytes dropped 0
in FECN pkts 4610
in BECN pkts 638
out FECN pkts 0
out BECN pkts 0
in DE pkts 14580830
out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 59171
out bcast bytes 18343010
5 minute input rate 43000 bits/sec, 24 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 49000 bits/sec, 8 packets/sec
pvc create time 5w6d, last time pvc status changed 6d03h
CCNA Semester 4
ACTIVE
INACTIVE
DELETED
STATIC
CCNA Semester 4
SWITCHED
LOCAL
UNUSED
CCNA Semester 4
5.2 FR troubleshooting
z
0x0 - INACTIVE
0x2 ACTIVE
0x4 DELETED
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Sadraj poglavlja
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
procesiranje teksta
tabelarna proraunavanja
CCNA Semester 4
Microsoft Windows
Unix
za specifine funkcije:
z
z
z
z
CAD
dizajn elektrinih kola
kompjuterska animacija
upravljanje mree
CCNA Semester 4
6.1 Server
z
z
z
aplikacije
fajlovi
tampai i sl.
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
performanse
nadgledanje i upravljanje
bezbednost
skalabilnost
robusnost
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Windows NT 4.0
CCNA Semester 4
Windows 2000
CCNA Semester 4
6.1 Unix
z
Istorijat
CCNA Semester 4
6.1 Solaris/SunOS
z
z
z
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Prednosti:
CCNA Semester 4
zasnovan na Unix-u
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Organizational model
Informational model
Communicational model
CCNA Semester 4
Functional model
NMS aplikacije
pet funkcionalnosti NMS aplikacija (FCAPS):
z
z
z
z
z
Fault
Configuration
Accounting
Performance
Security
CCNA Semester 4
protokol
struktura podataka
skup objekata
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
Get
Set
Trap
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
6.2 SMI
z
z
z
tipovi podatka
imenovanje objekata
kodovanje objekata za prenos preko mree
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
6.2 MIB
z
Standardizovani MIBovi
MIB I
z
z
MIB II
z
185 objekata
CCNA Semester 4
z
z
GetRequest
GetNextRequest
SetRequest
CCNA Semester 4
public (read-only)
private (read-write)
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
6.2 SNMPv2
z
64-bitni brojai
GetBulkRequest za prenos vie objekata u poruci
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
6.2 RMON
z
9 za Eternet
1 za Token Ring
CCNA Semester 4
Statistics
History
Alarm
CCNA Semester 4
Host
Host TOPN
Matrix
CCNA Semester 4
Filter
Packet Capture
Event
Token Ring
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4
CCNA Semester 4