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Tube

Contents
Tube introduction.......................................................................................128
Tube tolerances...........................................................................................129
Welded tube - polished..........................................................................130
Tube Hollow Sections (SHS and RHS)..........................................131
Overview of seamless tube stocks...................................................133
Seamless instrumentation tube..........................................................134
Seamless general service tube ..........................................................135
Seamless hydraulic tube..........................................................................136
Coiled tubing.................................................................................................138
Seamless heat exchanger tube............................................................140
Titanium and zirconium tubing...........................................................142
U-bent tubes for heat exchangers....................................................143
Theoretical working pressure for
imperial size stainless steel seamless tubing................................144
Theoretical working pressure for
metric size stainless steel seamless tubing....................................145
Theoretical bursting pressure for
imperial size stainless steel seamless tubing................................146
Commonly used material codes and standards........................147
Pressure conversion table......................................................................148
Cold bending.................................................................................................149
Allowable OD and ID dimensions to standards for
tube, pipe and hollow bar......................................................................150
Standard gauge table................................................................................157

127

Tube

Tube introduction
Tube is generally thin wall 0.51 mm to 6 mm thick,
specified by the actual O.D. and W.T. but may be
specified by any two of OD, I.D. or W.T. Tube is
produced as either seamless (hot finished or cold
finished), or welded.
The term tube is also applied to non-cylindrical
sections, i.e., square (SHS) or rectangular tubing (RHS)
and oval - outside dimensions denoted by width and
breadth (or height). Tolerances are generally tighter
than both hollow bar and pipe depending on applicable
product specification.
The tube O.D. (or width/breadth) is constant,
irrespective of W.T.
The I.D. of a tube will depend on the W.T. of the tube.
The W.T. remains as specified regardless of the O.D.
as a nominated thickness, or commonly a specific
wire gauge, e.g. 16 swg = 1.63 mm av according to
International Standard Wire Gauge, or 16 bwg = 1.65
mm av according to Birmingham Wire Gauge tables.
If in doubt, always specify at least 2 dimensions
required - O.D. , W.T. or I.D. to ensure correct supply.

O.D

W.T.

I.D

128

Tube

Tube tolerances
Round tubing
O.D. , W.T. and ovality tolerances acc. to ASTM A554-10
W.T. tolerance all sizes

Straightness Tolerance

10% of the specified thickness.

0.85 mm max. per meter.

O.D.

W.T.

O.D.

(mm)

mm

mm

<12.7

0.51 to 1.24

0.1

12.7 to 25.4

0.51 to 1.65

0.13

12.7 to 25.4

> 1.65 to 3.40

0.25

> 25.4 to 38.1

0.64 to 1.65

0.2

Surface imperfections

> 25.4 to 38.1

> 1.65 to 3.40

0.25

> 38.1 to 50.8

0.64 to 1.24

0.25

> 38.1 to 50.8

> 1.24 to 2.11

0.28

> 38.1 to 50.8

> 2.11 to 3.78

0.3

Surface imperfections such as handling marks, straightening marks,


light mandrel and die marks, shallow pits, and scale patterns are
not be considered as serious defects, provided the imperfections are
removable within 10 % of the specified wall or 0.05 mm, whichever
is greater. The removal of surface imperfections is not required,
unless special finishes are specified.

> 50.8 to 63.5

0.81 to 1.65

0.3

> 50.8 to 63.5

> 1.65 to 2.77

0.33

> 50.8 to 63.5

> 2.77 to 4.19

0.36

> 63.5 to 88.9

0.81 to 4.19

0.36

> 63.5 to 88.9

> 4.19

0.51

> 88.9 to 127.0

0.89 to 4.19

0.51

> 88.9 to 127.0

> 4.19

0.64

> 127.0 to 190.5

1.24 to 6.35

0.64

> 127.0 to 190.5

> 6.35

0.76

> 190.5 to 406.4

all

0.00125 mm per mm
of circumference

Ovality
Ovality is the difference between max. and min. O.D. measured at
any one cross section. The average of the max and min O.D. readings
should be within the O.D. tolerances. Over 127.0 mm O.D. with
wall thickness 3 % of O.D., ovality tol. is max.1.5 % of O.D.

129

Tube

Welded tube - polished

Acc. to ASTM A554-10 and ASTM A269-10/A1016M-08


For decorative and other applications in 6 m lengths

TST

A = Australia Stock
= Ex. mill stock or production

e.g. TST-316-25.4-1.6-AWBP
Sandvik
ASTM TP

O.D.
mm
12.7

W.T.
mm
1.2

O.D.
inch
1/2

1.6
15.88

1.2

5/8

1.2

22.2

1.6
1.2

Mass
kg/m
0.35

16

0.44

18

0.44

16

0.57

18

0.54

0.70
0.63

A
A

A*

7/8

16
18
16

0.83

18

0.73

1.1/4

16
18

0.95
0.92

A
A

1.21
1.24

A
A
A

25.4

1.2

31.75

1.6
1.2

38.1

1.6
1.2

1.1/2

16
18

44.45

1.6
1.6

1.3/4

16
16

1.46
1.71

50.8

1.2

18

1.54

16
14

1.97
2.44

18

1.93

16
14

2.48
3.08

18

2.32

16
14

2.99
3.72

1.6
2.0
1.2

2.1/2

1.6
2.0
76.2

1.2

1.6
2.0
101.6

1.6
2.0

16
14

4.12
4.99

127.0

1.6

16

4.92

14

6.16

2.0
152.4

1.6

2.0
203.2

3/4

1.6

63.5

3R60
T316L
AWBP
A554

1.6
19.05

Gauge
SWG
18

5R10
304
AWBP
A554
A

A*

A*
A

A*
A

A
A

A
A
A
A
A

16

5.95
7.54

7.95
10.12
12.62

un pol.

A un pol.

15.2

un pol.

A un pol.

254.0

10

304.8

2.0

12

14

Sold in 6 m lengths
320/400 grit polished Satin finish (where noted * also stocked in 600 grit)
ASTM A554: for structural and ornamental purposes only (not suitable for hygienic applications)
Bends available to suit from stock

Food grade tube AS 1528

Food grade tube and fittings to match available on request (refer to page 165)

130

Polished ornamental tube (handrail tube) ASTM 304 and T316L

Other options in size, grade or condition available on request

Other sizes and grades available on request.

14
16
14
14

A*

1.6
2.0
2.0

3R60
T316L
AWABP
A269
A

Tube

Tube Hollow Sections (SHS and RHS)


Acc. to ASTM A554-10
Supplied in 6 m lengths
Other dimensions and grades available on special request
Standard finish polished 180 grit (note: corners not polished).

SHS-P

RHS-P

e.g. SHS-P-304-25.4-1.2

Width

Breadth

W.T.

Mass

mm

mm

mm

kg/m

12.7

12.7

1.2

0.50

ASTM

Breadth

W.T.

Mass

Width

Breadth

W.T.

kg/m

T304

T316L

40.0

10.0

2.0

1.50

40.0
50.0

20.0
10.0

2.0
2.0

1.84
1.84

50.0
50.0
60.0

25.0
25.0
40.0

1.6
3.0
3.0

1.76
3.46
4.65

A
A
A

80.0
100.0

40.0
50.0

3.0
2.0

5.49
4.68

A
A

100.0
100.0
150.0

50.0
50.0
50.0

3.0
5.0
3.0

6.95
11.24
9.53

A
A
A

150.0
200.0

100.0
100.0

5.0
6.0

18.80
27.36

A
A

T316L

12.7

12.7

1.6

0.64

19.05

19.05

1.2

0.74

19.05
22.2

19.05
22.2

1.6
1.6

1.00
1.02

A
A

25.4

25.4

1.2

0.93

25.4
25.0
31.75

25.4
25.0
31.75

1.6
3.0
1.2

1.22
2.22
1.19

A
A
A

31.75
38.1
38.1
40.0
50.8
50.0
60.0
75.0

31.75
38.1
38.1
40.0
50.8
50.0
60.0
75.0

1.6
1.2
1.6
3.0
1.6
3.0
3.0
3.0

1.47
1.42
1.76
3.76
2.33
4.65
5.49
6.95

A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A

80.0
80.0

80.0
80.0

3.0
5.0

7.53
12.40

100.0
100.0
150.0
150.0
200.0

100.0
100.0
150.0
150.0
200.0

3.0
5.0
3.0
5.0
6.0

9.53
15.38
14.06
22.40
36.90

A
A
A
A
A

A
A

A
A
A
A
A
A
A

Largest dimension
mm
< 12.7
12.7 - 38.1
> 38.1 - 63.5
> 63.5 - 101.6
> 101.6 - 152.4
> 152.4

A
A
A
A
A
A

Formula:
B = C x 0.006
where:
B = tolerance for out-of-square

C = length of longest side
The straigtness tolerance is 2.1 mm in 1 m using a 1 m straightedge and
feeler gauge.

A
A

A
A

Max. twist in 1.0 m


mm / m
1.4
2.1
2.6
3.5
6.9
10.4

W.T. (mm)
0.51 - 1.24
> 1.24 - 1.65
> 1.65 - 2.11
> 2.11 - 2.42
> 2.42 - 2.77
> 2.77 - 3.4
> 3.4 - 3.96
> 3.96 - 5.08
> 5.08 - 6.35
> 6.35 - 9.53

Dimension tolerances

Squareness of sides

A
A

Maximum radii of corners

Tolerances acc. to ASTM A554-10


Across flats*
mm
0.38
0.51
0.76
1.52

ASTM

Twist tolerances

Square and Rectangular tubing

W.T.
%
10 %
10 %
10 %
10 %

e.g. RHS-P-316-50-25-3

Width

T304

Largest outside dimension


Accross flats (mm)
31.8 mm incl.
> 31.8 - 63.5
> 63.5 - 139.7
> 139.7 - 203.2
* Convexity or Concavity included

A = Australia Stock
= Ex. mill stock or production

Max. radii (mm)


2.4
3.2
3.6
4.8
5.2
5.6
6.4
9.5
12.7
19.1

Maximum radii of corners


For the purpose of this standard (ASTM A554) the corner radius is
defined as the Effective Corner Radius (ECR), which is equal to half
the difference between the profile width and the width of the flat
(excluding the corner radius).
100 mm profile outer width
ECR

75 mm width of flat excl. corners

ECR
ECR

Segment
Radius

131

W.T.
6 mm

Tube

Seamless instrumentation

and hydraulic tube

We offer the
quality, range and service
to meet ANY application!

When selecting stainless


tube for your hydraulic or
instrumentation system, you need
Key benefits
to ask some critical questions. For
example, how knowledgeable is your
Metric and Imperial sizes.
supplier about your process? How good Diameters ranging from 3.18 mm to 76.2 mm
are their products? How quickly can
Wall thickness ranging from 0.89 mm to 5 mm
they supply the size and grade needed?
Same day pick up at 5 branches across Australia
As a leading worldwide supplier of seamless
stainless tube, Sandvik is uniquely equipped
to help you address these challenges. Our fully
integrated production system ensures quality
control throughout the entire manufacturing
chain, from our steel melting plant to the
finished product. Our quality standards help to
ensure the long lifecycle of the tubes we deliver,
as well as their traceability.
Whether you are a designer, fabricator,
distributor or the actual end-user, Sandvik
delivers high-quality products, backed up by
laboratory testing, that are consistent from
delivery to delivery.
Sandvik also offers one of the widest range of
standard straight-length tube sizes and grades
from stock.

(Next day delivery at all 7 branches across Australia)

Dual certified T316 / T316L, 254 SMO


Dual certified ASTM A269 and A213 average wall also suitable
for use in heat exchangers and pressure vessels

Guaranteed minimum 2.5% molybdenum content giving excellent


corrosion resistance

Dimensional tolerances exceed both ASTM A269 and A213


standards

Guaranteed maximum hardness Rb 80


Bright annealed provides a smoother finish with lower Ra values
resulting in increased corrosion resistance

Tested, proven and approved in the worlds most demanding


applications such as Oil and Gas, Nuclear and Petrochemical

Used by the worlds leading fittings supplier for guaranteed fit-up


and seal

Call us for Technical, Corrosion and


Pressure Calculation assistance!

132

Tube

Overview of seamless tube stocks


Grades 316L and 254 SMO ex. stock
Imperial Sizes
Outside
diameter
mm
3.18

Metric Sizes

Wall
thickness
mm
0.89

Outside
diameter
mm
6

Wall
thickness
mm
1

4.76

0.89

1.5

6.35
6.35
6.35

0.89
1.24
1.65

1.5

10

7.94

0.89

10

1.5

9.53
9.53
9.53

0.89
1.24
1.65

12

12

1.5

12.7
12.7
12.7
12.7

0.89
1.24
1.65
2.11

12

14

15

1.5

16

1.24
1.65

18

1.5

18

19.05
19.05
19.05
19.05

1.24
1.65
2.11
2.77

20

20

2.5

22

25

25.4
25.4
25.4
25.4
25.4

1.24
1.65
2.11
2.41
3.2

25

2.5

25

28

30

30

35*

38*

38*

1.6
3.2

38*

42*

3.2

50*

15.88
15.88

31.75*#
31.75*#

1.6
3.2

38.1*#
38.1*#

1.6
3.2

50.8*
50.8*#
#

76.2*
#

If the size you need is not listed above, please give us a call as we are likely
to stock, or able to produce, it overseas. Tube production facilities in
Sweden, Canada, China, Czech Rebublic, India and USA.
* annealed and pickled finish.
# may not be certified to ASTM A-213 and may have standard 316/316L
moly content only.

Refer to following pages for more


information on the complete Sandvik
seamless tube range
133

Tube

Seamless instrumentation tube


Sandvik 3R60 / ASTM 316L with 2.5% min. molybdenum (W 1.4435)
Supplied in 6 m lengths

TST

O.D.

W.T. O.D.

mm

mm inch

1.59

A = Australia Stock
= Stock standard Sweden

e.g. TST-316-25.4-1.65

Gauge

(1)

Sandvik

3R12

3R60

2RK65

254 SMO

SAF 2507

Sanicro 28

ASTM

304L

316L

904L

2507

Mass UNS
kg/m WP

S30403
bar(2)

S31603
psi

0.36 1/16 x 28 BWG 0.011

0.51
25 BWG 0.014

3.18 0.71 1/8 x 22 BWG 0.044

0.89
20 BWG 0.051
A
4.76 0.89 3/16 x 20 BWG 0.086
A
6.35 0.71 1/4 x 22 BWG 0.100

0.89
20 BWG 0.122
386 5597 A
0.91
20 SWG 0.124
396 5742
1.22
18 SWG 0.157
552 8004
1.24
18 BWG 0.159
562 8149 A
1.63
16 SWG 0.193

1.65
16 BWG 0.194
781 11325 A
7.94 0.89 5/16 x 20 BWG 0.157
A
0.91
20 SWG 0.160

9.53 0.89 3/8 x 20 BWG 0.193


248 3596 A
0.91
20 SWG 0.196
254 3683
1.22
18 SWG 0.254

1.24
18 BWG 0.257
A
1.63
16 SWG 0.322

1.65
16 BWG 0.326
A
2.03
14 SWG 0.381

2.11
14 BWG 0.391

12.7 0.89 1/2 x 20 BWG 0.263


183 2654 A
0.91
20 SWG 0.268
187 2712
1.22
18 SWG 0.350
256 3712
1.24
18 BWG 0.356
260 3770 A
1.63
16 SWG 0.452
351 5090
1.65
16 BWG 0.456
355 5148 A
2.03
14 SWG 0.542

2.11
14 BWG 0.559
A
15.88 1.22 5/8 x 18 SWG 0.448

1.24
18 BWG 0.454
A
1.63
16 SWG 0.582

1.65
16 BWG 0.588
A
19.05 1.22 3/4 x 18 SWG 0.544

1.24
18 BWG 0.553
A
1.63
16 SWG 0.711

1.65
16 BWG 0.718
A
2.11
14 BWG 0.895
A
2.41
13 BWG 1.00

2.77
12 BWG 1.13
A
25.4 1.22 1
x 18 SWG 0.739

1.24
18 BWG 0.750
A
1.65
16 BWG 0.981
A
2.11
14 BWG 1.23
A
2.41
13 BWG 1.39
A
3.20

1.78
A
1) Av. wall SWG Standard Wire Gauge, BWG = Birmingham Wire Gauge
Seamless cold drawn, 1/4 - 1 O.D. incl., dual certified to ASTM A269/
A213, ASTM 316/316L, bright annealed, hardness max.
Rb 80, 6,000 mm fixed lengths.

bar(2)

N08904
psi

bar(2)

S31254
psi

bar(2)

S32750
psi

662 9599
961 13935
652 9454
834 12093
536 7772
301 4365
386 5597 392 5684 A 521 7548
396 5742 402 5829
552 8004 560 8120
562 8149 570 8265
759 11006 771 11180
770 11165
A 1023 14833
302 4379
310 4495
248 3596 252 3654 A 334 4848
254 3683 258 3741
350 5075 355 5148
356 5162 361 5235 A 479 6951
484 7018 491 7120
490 7105 498 7221 A 659 9561
619 8976
646 9367
183 2654 185 2683
187 2712 190 2755
256 3712 264 3828
260 3770 264 3828 A 351 5085
351 5090 361 5235
355 5148 361 5235 A 659 9561
448 6496 455 6598
468 6786 475 6888 A 862 12503
201 2915
205 2973
275 3988
278 4031
166 2407
169 2451
226 3277
229 3321
298 4321
345 5003
403 5844
123 1784
125 1813
169 2451
219 3176
252 3654
343 4974
SAF 2205 and other grades and sizes available on
request subject to min. mill requirements.
O.D. < 6 mm to ASTM A632.

134

bar(2)

N08028
psi

bar(2) psi

748 10846

1088 15776
1490 21605

480

6960

689

9990

950 13775

354

5133

504

7308

688

9976

328

4757

362
368
501
508

5249
5336
7265
7366

368 5340
368 5340

(2) Max. working pressure at


ambient temperature acc. to
ASME B31.3 formula

Tube

Seamless general service tube


Annealed and pickled to ASTM A269
Supplied in 6 m lengths

TST

A = Australia Stock
= Ex. mill stock or production

e.g. TST-316-38.1-2.0

O.D.
mm
31.75
31.75
38.1

W.T.
mm
1.6
3.2
1.2

38.1
38.1

1.6
2.0

38.1
50.8

3.2
1.2

50.8
50.8
76.2

1.6
3.2
1.6

76.2

3.2

O.D.
inch
1.1/4

Gauge
16
10
18

SWG
SWG
SWG

Mass
kg/m
1.2
2.27
1.109

16
14

SWG
SWG

1.45
1.79

10
18

SWG
SWG

2.77
1.5

16
10
16

SWG
SWG
SWG

1.99
3.8
3.01

10

SWG

5.8

1.1/2

Sandvik
ASTM
UNS

3R65
316L
S31603
A
A

bar (1)
133
272
82

psi
1882
3912
1160

110
136

1559
1964

224
61

3218
865

82
165
54

1160
2375
768

108

1484

A
A

SAF 2205 and other grades and sizes available on (1) Max. working pressure at ambient temperature acc. to ASME B31.3 formula
request subject to min. mill requirements.
1 bar = 14.5 psi / 1 bar = 0.1 MPa

Tolerances

ASTM A269

Sandvik 3R12, 3R60


OD 6.35-25.4 mm acc. DIN 2391/EN 10305-1
OD
mm
6.35-25.4

Tolerances
OD, mm
0.08

Wall thickness
%
10

Sandvik 3R60
OD < 1/4 (6.35 mm), tolerances acc. to
ASTM A632
OD
mm

Tolerances
OD, mm

Wall thickness
%

<6-4.76

+0.10/-0

10

<4.76-2.38

+0.08/-0

10

<2.38

+0.05/-0

10

Sandvik 2RK65 and Sandvik Sanicro 28


OD < 1/4 (6.35 mm), tolerances acc. to
ASTM A632
OD
mm

25.4

Tolerances
OD, mm
0.10

Wall thickness
%
10

19.05

Tolerances
OD, mm
0.13

Tolerances

Wall thickness

mm

OD, mm

0 - 12.6

0.13

15

12.7 - 38.0

0.13

10

38.1 - 88.8

0.25

10

88.9 - 139.6

0.38

10

139.7 - 203

0.76

10

Standards
Imperial size

Sandvik 3R12 (ASTM 304L)


and Sandvik 3R60 (ASTM 316L)
ASTM A213-AW (average wall)
ASTM A269
OD<6 mm Tol. acc. to A632
PED 97/23/EC EN10216-5 TCI

Sandvik 2RK65 (UNS N08904)


ASTM A269
PED 97/23/EC EN10216-5 TCI

Sandvik Sanicro 28 (UNS N08028)


ASTM B668
PED 97/23/EC EN10216-5 TCI

Sandvik SAF 2507


OD
mm

OD

Wall thickness
%
10

Sandvik SAF 2507 (UNS N32750)


ASTM A789
PED 97/23/EC EN10216-5 TCI

135

Tube

Seamless hydraulic tube

Sandvik 3R60 / ASTM 316L with 2.5% min. Molybdenum (W 1.4435)


Supplied in 6 m lengths

TST

O.D.

W.T.

A = Australia Stock
= Stock standard Sweden

e.g. TST-316-10-1.5
Sandvik

3R12

3R60

6R35

5R75

ASTM

304L

316L

321

316 Ti

UNS

S30403

S31603

S32109

S31635

Mass

EN

1.4307

1.4435

1.4541

1.4571

WP

mm

mm

kg/m

0.5

0.03

0.7

0.04

1.0

0.125

1.5

0.169

1.0

0.175

340

1.5

0.244

537

2.0

0.300

738

1.0

0.225

267

1.5

0.319

417

2.0

0.400

1.0

0.275

1.5

0.394

2.0

10

12

14

15

16

18

20

22
25

28

bar(1)

psi

470

6815

684

9918

470

6815

738

10701

340

4930

340

7787

537

7787

10701

738

10701

3872

267

3872

6047

417

6047

577

8367

577

220

3190

340

4930

0.500

470

1.0

0.325

1.5

0.469

2.0

0.600

1.0

bar(1)

6815

bar(1)

psi

470

6815

bar(1)

psi

470

6815

738

10701

4930

340

4930

537

7787

537

7787

738

10701

267

3872

267

3872

417

6047

417

6047

8367

577

8367

577

8367

220

3190

220

3190

220

3190

340

4930

340

4930

340

4930

6815

470

6815

470

6815

470

6815

186

2697

186

2697

288

4176

395

5728

395

5728

395

5728

395

5728

0.350

173

2509

173

2509

1.5

0.507

267

3872

267

3872

267

3872

267

3872

2.0

0.651

366

5307

366

5307

366

5307

1.0

0.375

162

2349

162

2349

1.5

0.544

249

3611

249

3611

249

3611

2.0

0.701

340

4930

340

4930

340

3611

340

4930

2.5

0.845

437

6337

414

6004

414

6004

3.0

0.976

514

7455

1.0

0.425

143

2074

1.5

0.619

220

2.0

0.801

299

2.5

0.970

3.0

0.980

1.5

0.694

196

2842

2.0

0.901

267

3872

2.5

1.09

3.0

1.28

4.0

1.60

1.5

0.769

177

2567

2.0

1.00

241

3495

1.5

0.882

155

2248

2.0

1.15

210

2.5

1.41

267

3.0

1.65

1.5

0.995

2.0

1.30

2.5

1.60

470

psi

4930

143

2074

3190

220

3190

220

3190

220

3190

4336

299

4336

299

4336

299

4336

437

6337

437

6337

537

7787

196

2842

267

3872

340

4930

577

8367

177
241

3045

210

3872

267

326

4727

138

2001

186

2697

236

3422

267

3872

340

4930

340

4930

417

6047

417

6047

2567

177

2567

177

2567

3495

241

3495

241

3495

3045

210

3045

3872

267

3872

326

4727

326

4727

138

2001

138

2001

132

1914

186

2697

186

2697

186

2697

236

3422

Sizes up to and including 30 mm O.D. are bright annealed.


Sizes larger than 30 mm O.D. are in the annealed and pickled condition.

136

(1) Max. working pressure at ambient


temperature acc. to ASME B31.3 formula

Tube

Seamless hydraulic tube

Sandvik 3R60 / ASTM 316L with 2.5% min. Molybdenum (W 1.4435)


Supplied in 6 m lengths

TST

A = Australia Stock
= Stock standard Sweden

e.g. TST-316-35-2.0
Sandvik

3R12

3R60

6R35

5R75

ASTM

304L

316L

321

316 Ti

UNS

S30403

S31603

S32109

S31635

O.D.

W.T.

Mass

EN

1.4307

1.4435

1.4541

1.4571

mm

mm

kg/m

WP

30

2.5

1.72

3.0

2.03

4.0

2.60

2.0

1.65

147

2132

2.5

2.03

186

2697

3.0

2.40

226

3277

226

3277

2.0

1.80

135

1958

135

1958

3.0

2.63

207

3002

207

4.0

3.41

282

5.0

4.13

2.0

2.00

3.0

2.93

5.0

5.63

35*

38*

42*
50*

bar(1)

psi

267

3872

186

2697

bar(1)

psi

220

3190

267

3872

366

5307

147

2132

bar(1)

psi

267

3872

366

5307

186

2697

3002

207

3002

4089

282

4089

360

5220

360

5220

122

1769

186

2697

186

2697

267

3872

Sizes up to and including 30 mm O.D. are bright annealed.


Sizes larger than 30 mm O.D. are in the annealed and pickled condition.

bar(1)

psi

(1) Max. working pressure at ambient


temperature acc. to ASME B31.3 formula

Tolerances

Standards

Sandvik 3R12, 3R60, 6R35 and 5R75


OD 6-42 mm, acc. to DIN 2391/EN 10305

Sandvik 3R12 (ASTM 304L)


and Sandvik 3R60 (ASTM 316L)

OD
mm

Tolerances
OD, mm

Wall thickness
%

6-30

0.08

10

32-40

0.15

10

42

0.20

10

DIN 17458, TCI


NFA 49-117
ASTM A213-AW (average wall), ASTM A269
PED 97/23/EC
EN10216-5 TCI
OD<6 mm Tol. acc. to A632

Sandvik 6R35 (ASTM 321)


and Sandvik 5R75
DIN 17458, TCI
OD<6 mm Tol. acc. to A632
PED 97/23/EC
EN10216-5 TCI

137

Tube

Coiled tubing
Standard size range

Ex. mill stock or production

Instrumentation tubing imperial sizes


Size
inch
1/8

3/16

1/4

3/8

1/2

5/8

3/4

W.T.
inch
x .020
x .028
x .035
x .049
x .020
x .028
x .035
x .049
x .035
x .049
x .065
x .035
x .049
x .065
x .083
x .035
x .049
x .065
x .083
x .035
x .049
x .065
x .083
x .035
x .049
x .065

Single coil length *


ft
1,300
1,300
1,300
1,300
1,000
950
750
600
1,220
932
765
771
574
456
381
564
413
325
266
446
325
253
203
367
266
207

Hydraulic tubing metric sizes

Orbital welded length


ft

Size
mm
3.0

3.5

4.0
36,551
27,864
22,903
23,100
17,162
13,661
11,345
16,899
12,411
9,740
7,949
13,313
9,711
7,565
6,112
10,990
7,982
6,187

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

W.T.
mm
x 0.5
x 0.75
x 1.0
x 0.5
x 0.75
x 1.0
x 1.5
x 0.5
x 0.75
x 1.0
x 1.5
x 1.0
x 1.2
x 1.5
x 1.0
x 1.2
x 1.5
x 1.0
x 1.2
x 1.5
x 1.0
x 1.2
x 1.5

Single coil length *


m
400
400
400
400
400
350
280
350
350
300
230
362
314
268
258
222
185
201
171
142
164
140
115

Orbital welded length


m

10,828
9,399
8,021
7,734
6,635
5,553
6,016
5,127
4,246
4,922
4,177
3,437

Sizes above 12 mm - please enquire.

Other sizes and lengths available on request.


* Minimum guaranteed length for TP 316/316L.

Steel grades
Sandvik
3R12

ASTM TP
304/
304L
316/
316L
316/
316L
321/
321H
316Ti
347/
347H

UNS
EN steel no.
S30400/
1.4306/
S30403
1.4301
3R60
S31600/
1.4435
S31603
3R65
S31600/
1.4404
S31603
6R35
S32100/
1.4541/
S32109
1.4940
5R75
S31635
1.4571
8R40
S34700/
1.4550/
S34709
1.4912
SAF 2205
S31803/
1.4462
S32205
SAF 2304
S32304
1.4362
SAF 2507
S32750
1.4410
Sanicro 28
N08028
1.4563
Sanicro 30 Alloy 800
N08800
1.4558
Sanicro 41 Alloy 825
N08825
Sanicro 70 Alloy 600
N06600
N04400
N02200
Other steel grades may be produced on request.

Standards
W.-Nr.
1.4306/
1.4301
1.4435
1.4404

ASTM: A213, A269, B163, B167, B668, A632, A789, A790


ASME: SA213, SB163, SB167, SB 668, SA789, SA790
NACE: MR 0175

EN: 10216-5 TC1
DIN: 17458 TC1
Eddy Current or hydrostatic test at option of Sandvik.

1.4541/
1.4878
1.4571
1.4550/
1.4462
1.4362
1.4563
1.4558
2.4858
2.4816

138

Tube

139

Tube

Seamless heat exchanger tube


Ex. mill stock or production

Make the right choice

chemical compositions tailored to specific applications,


customers, markets or country requirements.

Compared to a complete plant, the cost of


a heat exchanger is relatively low. However,
reliability can have a significant impact on
operating costs.

Our tubes are suitable for all types of heat exchangers:


coolers, condensers, evaporators, preheaters, reheaters,
reboilers, steam generators and air coolers.

For this reason, its vital that fabricators and end users
have access to seamless tubes developed and produced
for specific service conditions. This requires that
suppliers provide a range of tube grades and flexibility
in production processes that meet specific requirements.
Thats why many choose Sandvik stainless steel
tubes. Our extensive experience in the production of
special stainless steels and tubes, our flexibility in raw
material sourcing, our willingness and ability to find
materials solutions result in special steel grades with

Extreme conditions can be handled by developing


competitive and innovative solutions through close
cooperation with our customers. Together, we can
achieve lower operating costs and increase long-term
operating reliability.
Sandviks assets are many: Product delivery and
advanced communication systems. Strategic production
locations worldwide. Sophisticated plant programming
capabilities that ensure reliable and efficient product
supply. Advanced logistics that provide global
distribution.

A wide range of complementary products


The Sandvik heat exchanger tubes supply
package includes standard stainless steel
and special grade complementary
products. These are: welded tubes,
sheet and plate, tube fittings for
butt welding and socket
welding, threaded joints
and flanges.

140

Tube

Seamless heat exchanger tube


Ex. mill stock or production

Grades, standards and size range


Sandvik has an extensive manufacturing program for
seamless heat exchanger tubes covering most types of
standard austenitic, duplex (austenitic-ferritic) and high
alloy austenitic stainless steels as well as titanium and
zirconium.

Our main size range, produced in imperial and metric


dimensions ranges from 12 mm up to 40 mm outside
diameter. Special sizes can be made to order. Tubes
are supplied in straight lengths up to 30 meters, or
as U-bends. In the table below, you can find the most
common standards and grades for heat exchangers.

Product standards
Sandvik

American standards

European standards

Grade

ASTM

ASME

EN

DIN/VD TV

A-789

SA-789

SAF 2507

A-789

SA-789

10216-5

VD TV Blatt 508

SAF 2205

A-789

SA-789

10216-5

VD TV Blatt 418

SAF 2304

A-789

SA-789

10216-5

3RE60

A-789

SA-789

A-213

A-269

Duplex
SAF 2707 HD

Ni-Alloy
254 SMO

SS

NFA 49-217
NFA 49-217

10216-5

2RK65

A-269

SB-677

10216-5

VD TV Blatt 421

Sanicro 28

B-668

SB-668

10216-5

VD TV Blatt 483

Sanicro 30

B-163 B-407

SB-163 SB-407

10216-5

Sanicro 41

B-163 B-423

SB-163 SB-423

Sanicro 69

B-163 B-167

SB-163 SB-167

Sanicro 70

B-163 B-167

SB-163 SB-167

VD TV Blatt 305

A-213 A-269

SA-213

10216-5

Austenitic
3R12 (ASTM 304L)

AFNOR

NFA 49-217

219711 219713

DIN 17458

NFA 49-217

219711 219713

3R19 (ASTM 304LN)

A-213

6R35 (ASTM 321)

A-213 A-269

SA-213

10216-5

DIN 17458

NFA 49-217

219711 219713

3R60 (ASTM 316L)

A-213 A-269

SA-213

10216-5

DIN 17458

NFA 49-217

219711 219713

3R64 (ASTM 317L)

A-213

SA-213

219711 219713

SA-213

3R65 (ASTM316 / 316L) A-213 A-269

10216-5

DIN 17458

NFA 49-217

219711 219713

5R75 (ASTM 316Ti)

A-213

10216-5

DIN 17458

NFA 49-117

219711 219713

8R40 (ASTM 347)

A-213

10216-5

DIN 17458

SA-213

141

219711 219713

Tube

Titanium and zirconium tubing


Ex. mill stock or production

In environments where not even the best stainless steels meet the corrosion resistance
requirements, titanium and zirconium can be used.
The manufacture of seamless titanium and zirconium
heat exchanger tubes at Sandviken, Sweden, is carried
out through a completely integrated process. It
starts with melting of raw materials in high vacuum
furnaces and ends with the finished seamless tubes. The
manufacturing process is specially designed to work
with non-ferrous metals like titanium and zirconium.
The Sandvik group has been the worlds largest
independent manufacturer of seamless zirconium and
titanium tubing for over 40 years, supplying to a wide
range of industries including chemical, petrochemical,
aerospace and nuclear.

Titanium
Titanium has a unique set of properties that makes
it suitable for a variety of applications. It has a high
environmental resistance, relying primarily on a very
thin, tenacious and highly protective surface oxide film.
Titanium is highly resistant to wet chlorine
chemicals, practically all salt solutions,
seawater, a range of acids, organic and
inorganic chemicals and gases. The same
oxide film provides a high resistance
to erosion in high velocity process
streams. The corrosion and erosion
resistance makes titanium a
preferred heat transfer material
for shell/tube heat exchangers,
since it permits the use of thin
heat transfer walls and high fluid
flow rates. In addition, titanium

has only half the weight of steel. It is non-magnetic and


is characterized by a high melting point, high strengthto-weight ratio and a low modulus of elasticity.
Available Sandvik ASTM/ASME defined grades:
1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 11, 12, 16, 17, 26, 28.
Other grades can be offered on request.

The range of dimensions cover outside diameters from 8


mm up to 40 mm and 16 meters with certain OD/L and
OD/Wt limitations

All tubing can be supplied as straight lengths or as


U-tubes.

Non-destructive testing facilities include ultrasonic testing,


Eddy Current testing and hydropressure testing.

Tubes are normally supplied as cold pilgered, vacuum


annealed and cleaned with the OD in the as polished
condition.

Zirconium
Zirconium is highly resistant to a wide range of acids
and bases, both organic and inorganic, which makes
it an interesting and exceptional long life alternative
to other materials in highly demanding applications.
The seamless tube zirconium grade, produced for heat
exchanger applications, is Sandvik Zirconium 702*,
which offers the process industry a high quality and
competitive product concept.
* As per ASTM/ASME B, SB523 or equivalent.

142

Tube

U-bent tubes for heat exchangers


Ex. mill production

Sandvik is one of the worlds leading suppliers of U-bent tubes. U-bends are manufactured from
Sandvik precision straight tubes and are produced by the cold-pilgering method with a bright
annealed surface. Production is strictly controlled, step-by-step, in order to fulfill all the technical
demands from our customers.
Description of U-bend

U-bend definitions

a......... difference in length of legs


c......... distance between points of tangency
da....... nominal outside diameter of tube
e......... distance between legs measured on OD
f......... distance between legs
l......... leg length
lg........ developed length
rm....... nominal bend radius

Hydrotesting

s......... nominal wall thickness

After heat treatment all U-tubes are hydrotested.

smin.... minimum wall thickness at the back of the bend

Minimum holding time at the required pressure is 5 sec.

t......... deviation from plane of the bend

All tubes are dried and carefully cleaned after testing.

s0....... minimum wall thickness defined by specification

Measuring, cutting, deburring, cleaning

Heat treatment
If specified, we are equipped to carry out heat
treatment of bends plus min. 150 mm of leg.

U-bends are measured exactly in accordance with relevant standards, or to customers specification.
All tubes are cut to the specified leg lengths, ends are deburred
and the tubes are internally cleaned with air.

Furnace is computer controlled and all data is recorded.

Before packing, both ends are capped with plastic caps.

We use an argon protective atmosphere inside the tubes.

Packing

We can provide all types of annealing: solution, stress relieving or


stabilization

In strong, open or closed, wooden boxes depending on destination - max. 8,000 kg.

Technical parameters

Ends of tubes protected by plastic caps.

OD 12.7-38 mm
Bending radii from 1.5xOD up to 1250 mm. Minimum bending radii for
ODs over 28 mm after agreement.
Leg length min. 1,000 mm

Vertical separators for each radius.


Chloride free plastic separators between each row, every 2 meters.
Each bundle is covered with plastic.
Customers can provide a packing drawing or Sandvik can prepare
a packing plan.

Leg length max. 12,000 mm


Heat treatment for radii up to 1,000 mm

Packing lists, covered with plastic, are placed on each wooden


box for easy identification of order details including exact list of
radii and lengths inside.

Technical standards for bending


Sandvik standard specification 7-2-1179
DIN 28179, TEMA RCB 2.31
Other specifications or special requirements available upon request.
Copies of common standard specifications are available on request.

143

Tube

Theoretical working pressure for


imperial size stainless steel seamless tubing
Imperial
Pressures in psi

Working pressure tube at ambient temperature


O.D.

O.D.

Gauge 25
swg

22
swg

20
bwg

20
swg

18
swg

18
bwg

16
swg

16
bwg

14
swg

14
bwg

13
bwg

12
swg

12
bwg

11
bwg

10
swg

10
bwg

mm

in

mm

0.51

0.71

0.89

0.91

1.22

1.24

1.63

1.65

2.03

2.11

2.41

2.64

2.77

3.05

3.2

3.25

3.4

inch

0.020 0.028 0.035 0.036 0.048 0.049 0.064 0.065 0.080 0.083 0.095 0.104 0.109 0.120 0.126 0.128 0.134

1.59

1/16

14701

3.18

1/8

6267 9260 12286 12644 18863 19313

4.76

3/16

3982 5755 7471 7669 10955 11182

6.35

1/4

2918 4175 5367 5503 7719 7869 10983 11153

7.94

5/16

2303 3276 4914 5058 7545 7725 8355 8478

9.53

3/8

1902 2695 3907 4016 5855 5984 6741 6837 8736

12.7

1/2

1411 1990 2771 2844 4043 4125 4863 4930 6231

15.88 5/8

1187 1670 2113 2163 2948 2999 4027 4081 5128 5354

19.05 3/4

985

1383 1747 1788 2430 2472 3307 3350 4194 4375 5067 5611 5924 6610 6986 7112

22.23 7/8

842

1180 1489 1524 2067 2102 2805 2841 3547 3699 4275 4725 4984 5550 5858 5962 6275

25.4

735

1029 1298 1328 1798 1829 2435 2467 3074 3203 3696 4081 4301 4782 5044 5132 5397

28.58 1 1/8

652

913

1150 1176 1591 1618 2152 2179 2712 2825 3256 3591 3783 4201 4428 4504 4734

31.75 1 1/4

586

820

1032 1056 1427 1451 1927 1952 2426 2527 2909 3207 3376 3746 3947 4014 4216

34.93 1 3/8

744

936

958

1294 1316 1745 1768 2195 2285 2629 2896 3049 3380 3559 3619 3801

38.1

1 1/2

681

857

877

1183 1203 1595 1615 2004 2086 2399 2641 2779 3079 3241 3296 3460

42

1.654

776

794

1071 1089 1442 1460 1810 1884 2165 2383 2507 2776 2921 2970 3116

44.45 1 3/4

733

749

1010 1027 1360 1377 1706 1776 2040 2245 2361 2614 2750 2796 2933

50.8

640

654

882

896

1186 1200 1486 1547 1775 1952 2053 2270 2388 2427 2546

57.15 2 1/4

568

581

782

795

1051 1064 1316 1370 1571 1727 1815 2007 2110 2145 2249

63.5

2 1/2

510

522

702

714

943

955

1181 1229 1409 1548 1627 1798 1890 1921 2014

69.85 2 3/4

463

474

638

648

856

867

1071 1114 1277 1403 1474 1629 1712 1740 1823

76.2

424

434

584

594

783

793

980

1019 1168 1283 1348 1489 1564 1590 1666

585

592

731

760

101.6 4

T304, T316 seamless tube to ASTM A269 between -20 F and 100F (ambient)
Based on ASME B31.3 formula:
P = (2tminS)/(OD-(2Ytmin))
P = Internal pressure (psi)
tmin = Min wall thickness (in)
S = Allowable stress (psi)
OD = Nominal outside diameter (in)
Y = Coefficient 0.4 allowing S 20,000 psi UTS

144

870

955

1003 1107 1163 1182 1238

Tube

Theoretical working pressure for


metric size stainless steel seamless tubing
Metric
Pressures in psi

Working pressure tube at ambient temperature


O.D.

O.D.

Wall thickness mm and inch


0.50

0.75

1.2

1.5

2.5

0.047

0.059

0.079

0.098

0.118

0.157

0.197

0.236

0.315

mm

inch

0.020

0.030

0.039

3.0

0.1181

6538

10625

15455

3.5

0.1378

5484

8793

12593

22174

4.0

0.1575

4722

7500

10625

18214

6.0

0.2362

6538

8095

10625

8.0

0.3150

4722

5795

7500

10625

10.0

0.3937

3696

4513

5795

8095

12.0

0.4724

3214

3913

5000

6923

14.0

0.5512

2727

3313

4219

5806

15.0

0.5906

2535

3077

3913

5373

16.0

0.6299

2368

2872

3649

5000

6429

7941

18.0

0.7087

2093

2535

3214

4390

5625

6923

20.0

0.7874

1875

2269

2872

3913

5000

6136

8571

22.0

0.8661

1698

2053

2596

3529

4500

5510

7660

25.0

0.9843

1488

1797

2269

3077

3913

4779

6606

28.0

1.1024

1324

1598

2015

2727

3462

4219

5806

30.0

1.1811

1233

1488

1875

2535

3214

3913

5373

6923

8571

12203

35.0

1.3780

1053

1269

1598

2156

2727

3313

4528

5806

7152

10070

38.0

1.4961

968

1166

1467

1978

2500

3034

4138

5294

6506

9114

42.0

1.6535

874

1053

1324

1782

2250

2727

3711

4737

5806

8090

50.0

1.9685

732

881

1107

1488

1875

2269

3077

3913

4779

6606

T304, T316 seamless tube to ASTM A269 between -20 F and 100F (ambient)
Based on ASME B31.3 formula:
P = (2tminS)/(OD-(2Ytmin))
P = Internal pressure (psi)
tmin = Min wall thickness (in)
S = Allowable stress (psi)
OD = Nominal outside diameter (in)
Y = Coefficient 0.4 allowing S 20,000 psi UTS

145

Tube

Theoretical bursting pressure for


imperial size stainless steel seamless tubing
Pressures in psi
Wall thickness
Gauge

25 Swg 22 Swg

20 Bwg

18 Bwg

16 Bwg

14 Bwg

13 Bwg

12 Bwg

11 Bwg

Inch

0.020

0.028

0.035

0.049

0.065

0.083

0.095

0.109

0.12

1/8

24000

33600

42000

58800

3/16

16000

22400

28000

39200

52000

1/4

12000

16800

21000

29400

39000

49800

57000

5/16

9600

13440

16800

23520

31200

39840

45600

3/8

8000

11200

14000

19600

26000

33200

38000

43600

48000

1/2

6000

8400

10500

14700

19500

24900

28500

32700

36000

5/8

4800

6720

8400

11760

15600

19920

22800

26160

3/4

4000

5600

7000

9800

13000

16600

19000

21800

7/8

3429

4800

6000

8400

11143

14229

16286

3000

4200

5250

7350

9750

12450

1.1/8

2667

3733

4667

6533

8667

11067

1.1/4

2400

3360

4200

5880

7800

1.3/8

3055

3818

5345

1.1/2

2800

3500

4900

1.3/4

3000

0.156

0.188

0.25

0.313

0.375

0.5

28800

37440

45120

24000

31200

37600

18686

20571

26743

14250

16350

18000

23400

28200

12667

14533

16000

20800

25067

33333

9960

11400

13080

14400

18720

22560

30000

7091

9055

10364

11891

13091

17018

20509

27273

6500

8300

9500

10900

12000

15600

18800

25000

4200

5571

7114

8143

9343

10286

13371

16114

21429

2625

3675

4875

6225

7125

8175

9000

11700

14100

2.1/4

2333

3267

4333

5533

6333

7267

8000

10400

12533

18750

23475

28125

37500

16667

20867

25000

2.1/2

2100

2940

3900

4980

5700

6540

7200

9360

33333

11280

15000

18780

22500

30000

2.3/4

1909

2673

3545

4527

5182

5945

6545

1750

2450

3250

4150

4750

5450

6000

8509

10255

13636

17073

20455

27273

7800

9400

12500

15650

18750

3.1/4

3000

3831

4385

5031

25000

5538

7200

8677

11538

14446

17308

3.1/2

2786

3557

4071

23077

4671

5143

6686

8057

10714

13414

16071

3.3/4

2600

3320

21429

3800

4360

4800

6240

7520

10000

12520

15000

2438

20000

3113

3563

4088

4500

5850

7050

9375

11738

14063

18750

6
8

1625

2075

2375

2725

3000

3900

4700

6250

7825

9375

12500

1219

1556

1781

2044

2250

2925

3525

4688

5869

7031

9375

10

975

1245

1425

1635

1800

2340

2820

3750

4695

5625

7500

12

813

1038

1188

1363

1500

1950

2350

3125

3913

4688

6250

O.D.
Inches

Bursting pressures

The information presented above are typical or average values and


are not a guarantee of maximum or minimum values.
ASTM 304 and 316 tubing to ASTM A269 based on 75,000 psi Tensile
Strength

Conversion factors

P =

2xSxt
D

P = Pressure Rating (psi or MPa)

1 MPa

= 1 N/mm2

S = Minimum Tensile Strength (psi or MPa)

1 MPa

= 145.04 psi

t =

1 psi

= 0.007 MPa

D = Outside Diameter (inch or mm)

1 Kg f/mm2

= 9.807 MPa

1 Kg f/mm2

= 1422.34 psi

1 bar

= 14.5 psi

1 bar

= 0.1 MPa

1 MPa

= 1000 KPa

Welded annealed tube: use 0.8 weld joint factor

146

Wall Thickness (inch or mm)

Tube

Commonly used material codes and standards


Requirements for material properties, heat treatment, form, or quality, including manufacturing and controlling
limits, are covered by specifications such as ASTM, ASME, EN, DIN, BS, JIS, etc
The following listed specifcations are for reference information only. The latest dated edition will normally apply
(including any amendments), and the appropriate document should always be referenced in all materials enquiries
to ensure correct supply.

ASTM
Designation

Tube and pipe - stainless steel


Standard Specification for

A213/A213M-10a

Seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy-steel boiler, superheater, and heat-exchanger tubes

A249 / A249M

Welded austenitic steel boiler, superheater, heat-exchanger, and condenser tubes

A269 / A269M

Seamless and welded austenitic stainless steel tubing for general service

A270/A270M-10

Seamless and welded austenitic stainless steel sanitary tubing

A450/A450M

General requirements for carbon, ferritic alloy and austenitic alloy steel tubes.

A511/A511M-08

Seamless stainless steel mechanical tubing

A554-10

Welded stainless steel mechanical tubing

A632-04(2009)

Seamless and welded austenitic stainless steel tubing (small-diameter) for general service

A688/A688M-10

Welded austenitic stainless steel feedwater heater tubes

A778-01(2009)e1

Welded, unannealed austenitic stainless steel tubular products

A789/A789M-10a

Seamless and welded ferritic/austenitic stainless steel tubing for general service

A791/A791M

Welded unannealed ferritic stainless steel tubing.

A803/A803M-10

Welded ferritic stainless steel feedwater heater tubes

A908-03(2008)e1

Stainless steel needle tubing

A1012-10

Smls and wld ferritic, austenitic and duplex alloy steel condenser and heat exch tubes with integral fins

A1016/A1016M-10

General requirements for ferritic alloy steel, austenitic alloy steel, and stainless steel tubes

ASTM B674

UNS N08904 welded tube.

ASTM B677

UNS N08904 seamless pipe and tube

EN

(Europaisch Norm or Euopean Number)

EN 10217-7

Welded tubes for pressure purposes - stainless steels

EN 10296-2

Welded steel tubes for construction purposes - stainless steels

AS1163

Structural steel hollow sections (dimensional tolerances).

AS1528 Part 1

Tubes (stainless steel) for the food industry.

147

Tube

Pressure conversion table


Metric/imperial
psi
25
50
75
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
2600
2700
2800
2900
3000
3100
3200
3300
3400
3500
3600
3700
3800
3900
4000
4100
4200
4300
4400
4500
4600
4700
4800
4900
5000
5100
Note:

MPa
.17
.34
.52
.69
1.38
2.07
2.76
3.45
4.14
4.83
5.52
6.20
6.90
7.58
8.27
8.96
9.65
10.34
11.03
11.72
12.41
13.10
13.79
14.48
15.17
15.86
16.55
17.24
17.93
18.62
19.30
19.99
20.68
21.37
22.06
22.75
23.44
24.13
24.82
25.51
26.20
26.89
27.58
28.27
28.96
29.65
30.34
31.03
31.72
32.41
33.10
33.78
34.47
35.16

kg/cm2
1.76
3.52
5.27
7.03
14.06
21.09
28.12
33.15
42.18
49.21
56.24
63.28
70.31
77.34
84.37
91.40
98.43
105.46
112.49
119.52
126.55
133.58
140.61
147.64
154.68
161.71
168.74
175.77
182.80
189.83
196.86
203.89
210.92
217.95
224.98
232.01
239.04
246.07
253.10
260.14
267.17
274.20
281.23
288.26
295.29
302.32
309.35
316.38
323.41
330.44
337.47
344.50
351.54
358.57

Bars
1.72
3.45
5.18
6.90
13.80
20.70
27.60
34.50
41.40
48.30
55.20
62.10
69.00
75.90
82.80
89.70
96.60
103.50
110.40
117.30
124.20
131.10
138.00
144.90
151.80
158.70
165.60
172.50
179.40
186.30
193.20
200.10
207.00
213.90
220.80
227.70
234.60
241.50
248.40
255.30
262.20
26.109
276.00
282.90
289.80
296.70
303.60
310.50
317.40
324.30
331.20
338.10
345.00
351.90

Atmosphere
1.70
3.40
5.10
6.80
13.60
20.40
27.20
34.00
40.80
47.60
54.40
61.20
68.00
74.80
61.60
88.40
95.20
102.00
108.80
115.60
122.40
129.20
136.00
142.80
149.60
156.40
163.20
170.00
176.80
183.60
190.40
197.20
204.00
210.80
217.60
224.40
231.20
238.00
244.80
251.60
258.40
265.20
272.00
278.80
285.60
292.40
299.20
306.00
312.80
319.60
326.40
333.20
340.00
346.80

psi
5200
5300
5400
5500
5600
5700
5800
5900
6000
6100
6200
6300
6400
6500
6600
6700
6800
6900
7000
7100
7200
7300
7400
7500
7600
7700
7800
7900
8000
8100
8200
8300
8400
8500
8600
8700
8800
8900
9000
9100
9200
9300
9400
9500
9600
9700
9800
9900
10000
11000
12000
13000
14000
15000

PSI X .0068948 = Megapascals (MPa) = meganewton/metre2


PSI X .070307 = Kilogram-force per squre centimetre

148

MPa
35.85
36.54
37.23
37.92
38.61
39.30
39.99
40.68
41.37
42.06
42.75
43.44
44.13
44.82
45.51
46.20
46.88
47.57
48.26
48.95
49.64
50.33
51.02
51.71
52.40
53.09
53.78
54.47
55.16
55.85
56.54
57.23
57.92
58.61
59.30
59.98
60.67
61.36
62.05
62.74
63.43
64.12
64.81
65.50
66.19
66.88
67.57
68.26
68.95
75.84
82.74
89.63
96.53
103.42

kg/cm2
365.60
372.63
379.66
386.69
393.72
400.75
407.78
414.81
421.84
428.87
435.90
442.93
449.96
457.00
464.03
471.06
478.09
485.12
492.15
499.18
506.21
513.24
520.27
527.30
534.33
541.36
548.39
555.42
562.46
569.49
576.52
583.55
590.58
597.61
604.64
611.67
618.70
625.73
632.76
639.79
646.82
653.86
660.89
667.92
674.95
681.98
689.01
696.04
703.07
773.38
843.68
913.99
984.30
1054.60

PSI X .0690 = Bars


PSI X .0680 = Atmospheres

Bars
358.80
365.70
372.60
379.50
386.40
393.30
400.20
407.10
414.00
420.90
427.80
434.70
441.60
448.50
455.40
462.30
469.20
476.10
483.00
489.90
496.80
503.70
510.60
517.50
524.40
531.30
538.20
545.10
552.00
558.90
565.80
572.70
579.60
586.50
593.40
600.30
607.20
614.10
621.00
627.90
634.80
641.70
648.60
655.50
662.40
669.30
676.20
683.10
690.00
759.00
828.00
897.00
966.00
1035.00

Atmosphere
353.60
360.40
367.20
374.00
380.80
387.60
394.40
401.20
408.00
414.80
421.60
428.40
435.20
442.00
448.80
455.60
462.40
469.20
476.00
482.80
489.60
496.40
503.20
510.00
516.80
523.60
530.40
537.20
544.00
550.80
557.60
564.40
571.20
578.00
584.80
591.60
598.40
605.20
612.00
618.80
625.60
632.40
639.20
646.00
652.80
659.60
666.40
673.20
680.00
748.00
816.00
884.00
952.00
1020.00

Tube

Cold bending

Wall thinning and minimum bending radius

Seamless hydraulic tube and the minimum radius permitted for these tubes.
Calculation of reduction in wall thickness due to bending to be considered along with bursting pressure.

Cold bending - wall thinning and minimum radius


Different techniques do exist and the results may vary depending on the method used.
The reduction of wall thickness can be estimated by the following formula:

tmin =

tt + 2R
2R + OD)

Where
tmin is the thinnest wall in the bent section
tt is the thinnest tube thickness allowed according to tolerances
R is the radius
OD is outer diameter

The smallest possible bending radius to avoid the risk for cracking can be estimated by following formula:

Rmin = OD x 100
2 x A5
Where A5 is the minimum elongation value.
Austenitic stainless steel often has a minimum value of 35-45%, while duplex (ferritic austentic) is often a
minimum 25% and ferritic stainless steel is often down to minimum 15%.
Cold bending without a mandrel allows the tube section to become oval, which often means a smaller radius can
be bent than that which the formula indicates. A tight radius increases the ovality, which in turn reduces the crosssection. That results in an increased pressure drop, which may affect the process.

Definition Ovality

= ODmax - ODmin
OD

149

Tube

Allowable OD and ID dimensions to


standards for tube, pipe and hollow bar
Nom.
mm
O.D.
1.59
1.59
3.00
3.00
3.18
3.18
4.00
4.76
6.00
6.00
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
6.35
7.94
7.94
8.00
8.00
8.00
9.53
9.53
9.53
9.53
9.53
9.53
9.53
9.53
10.00
10.00
10.00
10.29
10.29
12.00
12.00
12.00
12.70
12.70
12.70
12.70
12.70
12.70
12.70
12.70
12.70
13.50
13.72
13.72
13.72
14.00
14.00
14.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.88

Nom
mm
I.D.
0.87
0.57
2.00
1.60
1.76
1.40
2.00
2.98
4.00
3.00
4.93
4.57
4.53
3.91
3.87
3.09
3.05
6.16
6.12
6.00
5.00
4.00
7.75
7.71
7.09
7.05
6.27
6.23
5.47
5.31
8.00
7.00
6.00
6.83
4.25
10.00
9.00
8.00
10.92
10.88
10.26
10.22
9.50
9.44
9.40
8.64
8.48
8.80
10.42
9.24
7.68
12.00
11.00
10.00
13.00
12.00
11.00
13.48

Nom.
mm
W.T.
0.36
0.51
0.50
0.70
0.71
0.89
1.00
0.89
1.00
1.50
0.71
0.89
0.91
1.22
1.24
1.63
1.65
0.89
0.91
1.00
1.50
2.00
0.89
0.91
1.22
1.24
1.63
1.65
2.03
2.11
1.00
1.50
2.00
1.73
3.02
1.00
1.50
2.00
0.89
0.91
1.22
1.24
1.60
1.63
1.65
2.03
2.11
2.35
1.65
2.24
3.02
1.00
1.50
2.00
1.00
1.50
2.00
1.20

Max.
mm
OD
1.64
1.64
3.08
3.08
3.26
3.26
4.08
4.86
6.10
6.10
6.43
6.43
6.43
6.43
6.43
6.43
6.43
8.02
8.02
8.08
8.08
8.08
9.61
9.61
9.61
9.61
9.61
9.61
9.61
9.61
10.08
10.08
10.08
10.69
10.69
12.08
12.08
12.08
12.78
12.78
12.78
12.78
12.83
12.78
12.78
12.78
12.78
13.60
14.12
14.12
14.12
14.08
14.08
14.08
15.08
15.08
15.08
16.01

Min.
mm
OD
1.59
1.59
3.00
3.00
3.18
3.18
4.00
4.76
6.00
6.00
6.27
6.27
6.27
6.27
6.27
6.27
6.27
7.86
7.86
7.92
7.92
7.92
9.45
9.45
9.45
9.45
9.45
9.45
9.45
9.45
9.92
9.92
9.92
10.21
10.21
11.92
11.92
11.92
12.62
12.62
12.62
12.62
12.57
12.62
12.62
12.62
12.62
13.40
13.64
13.64
13.64
13.92
13.92
13.92
14.92
14.92
14.92
15.75

Max.
mm
ID
0.87
0.57
2.00
1.60
1.76
1.40
2.00
2.98
4.00
3.00
5.00
4.66
4.62
4.03
3.99
3.25
3.22
6.25
6.21
6.10
5.15
4.20
7.83
7.80
7.21
7.17
6.43
6.39
5.67
5.52
8.10
7.15
6.20
7.04
4.62
10.10
9.15
8.20
11.01
10.97
10.38
10.34
9.66
9.60
9.57
8.84
8.69
9.04
10.62
9.52
8.05
12.10
11.15
10.20
13.10
12.15
11.20
13.60

150

Min
mm
ID
0.82
0.52
1.92
1.52
1.68
1.32
1.92
2.88
3.90
2.90
4.86
4.48
4.44
3.79
3.75
2.93
2.89
6.07
6.03
5.90
4.85
3.80
7.66
7.61
6.96
6.92
6.10
6.06
5.26
5.09
7.90
6.85
5.80
6.61
3.87
9.90
8.85
7.80
10.83
10.79
10.14
10.10
9.34
9.28
9.24
8.44
8.27
8.57
10.21
8.96
7.30
11.90
10.85
9.80
12.90
11.85
10.80
13.36

Weight

Product

Types

Finish

kg/m
0.011
0.014
0.03
0.04
0.044
0.051
0.06
0.086
0.13
0.17
0.1
0.122
0.124
0.157
0.159
0.193
0.194
0.157
0.16
0.18
0.24
0.3
0.193
0.196
0.254
0.257
0.322
0.326
0.381
0.391
0.23
0.32
0.4
0.37
0.47
0.28
0.39
0.4
0.263
0.268
0.35
0.356
0.44
0.452
0.456
0.542
0.559
0.66
0.5
0.64
0.81
0.33
0.47
0.6
0.35
0.51
0.65
0.44

Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Pipe
Pipe
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube

S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W

BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
AP
AP
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
POL
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
POL

Tube

Allowable OD and ID dimensions to


standards for tube, pipe and hollow bar
Nom.
mm
O.D.
15.88
15.88
15.88
15.88
15.88
16.00
16.00
16.00
16.00
16.00
17.15
17.15
17.15
17.20
18.00
18.00
18.00
18.00
19.05
19.05
19.05
19.05
19.05
19.05
19.05
19.05
19.05
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
20.00
21.30
21.30
21.30
21.30
21.34
21.34
21.34
21.34
22.00
22.00
22.20
22.20
22.20
23.00
25.00
25.00
25.00
25.00
25.40
25.40
25.40
25.40
25.40
25.40
25.40
25.40

Nom
mm
I.D.
13.44
13.40
12.68
12.62
12.58
14.00
13.00
12.00
11.00
10.00
13.85
12.53
10.75
12.50
16.00
15.00
14.00
13.00
16.65
16.61
16.57
15.85
15.79
15.75
14.83
14.23
13.51
17.00
16.00
15.00
14.00
12.00
18.10
17.30
16.00
14.90
17.12
15.80
13.88
11.78
19.00
18.00
19.80
19.00
19.00
20.00
22.00
21.00
20.00
19.00
23.00
22.96
22.92
22.20
22.10
21.18
20.58
19.00

Nom.
mm
W.T.
1.22
1.24
1.60
1.63
1.65
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
1.65
2.31
3.20
2.35
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
1.20
1.22
1.24
1.60
1.63
1.65
2.11
2.41
2.77
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
4.00
1.60
2.00
2.65
3.20
2.11
2.77
3.73
4.78
1.50
2.00
1.20
1.60
1.60
1.50
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
1.20
1.22
1.24
1.60
1.65
2.11
2.41
3.20

Max.
mm
OD
15.96
15.96
16.01
15.96
15.96
16.08
16.08
16.08
16.08
16.08
17.55
17.55
17.55
17.33
18.08
18.08
18.08
18.08
19.18
19.13
19.13
19.18
19.13
19.13
19.13
19.13
19.13
20.08
20.08
20.08
20.08
20.08
21.46
21.46
21.46
21.46
21.74
21.74
21.74
21.74
22.08
22.08
22.33
22.33
22.33
23.08
25.08
25.08
25.08
25.08
25.53
25.48
25.48
25.53
25.48
25.48
25.48
25.48

Min.
mm
OD
15.80
15.80
15.75
15.80
15.80
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
15.92
17.07
17.07
17.07
17.07
17.92
17.92
17.92
17.92
18.92
18.97
18.97
18.92
18.97
18.97
18.97
18.97
18.97
19.92
19.92
19.92
19.92
19.92
21.14
21.14
21.14
21.14
21.26
21.26
21.26
21.26
21.92
21.92
22.07
22.07
22.07
22.92
24.92
24.92
24.92
24.92
25.27
25.32
25.32
25.27
25.32
25.32
25.32
25.32

Max.
mm
ID
13.56
13.52
12.84
12.78
12.74
14.10
13.15
12.20
11.25
10.30
14.05
12.81
11.15
12.74
16.10
15.15
14.20
13.25
16.77
16.73
16.69
16.01
15.95
15.92
15.04
14.47
13.79
17.15
16.20
15.25
14.30
12.40
18.26
17.50
16.27
15.22
17.38
16.14
14.34
12.37
19.15
18.20
19.92
19.16
19.16
20.15
22.15
21.20
20.25
19.30
23.12
23.08
23.04
22.36
22.27
21.39
20.82
19.32

151

Min
mm
ID
13.31
13.27
12.52
12.45
12.41
13.90
12.85
11.80
10.75
9.70
13.64
12.24
10.35
12.27
15.90
14.85
13.80
12.75
16.53
16.49
16.45
15.69
15.63
15.59
14.62
13.99
13.23
16.85
15.80
14.75
13.70
11.60
17.94
17.10
15.74
14.58
16.85
15.45
13.41
11.18
18.85
17.80
19.68
18.84
18.84
19.85
21.85
20.80
19.75
18.70
22.88
22.84
22.80
22.04
21.94
20.97
20.34
18.68

Weight

Product

Types

Finish

kg/m
0.448
0.454
0.57
0.582
0.588
0.38
0.54
0.7
0.85
0.98
0.64
0.86
1.12
0.87
0.43
0.62
0.8
0.97
0.54
0.544
0.553
0.7
0.711
0.718
0.895
1
1.13
0.69
0.9
1.09
1.28
1.6
0.79
0.97
1.24
1.45
1.02
1.29
1.65
1.98
0.77
1
0.63
0.83
0.83
0.81
0.88
1.15
1.41
1.65
0.73
0.739
0.75
0.95
0.981
1.23
1.39
1.78

Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube

S
S
W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
S
S
W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
W
W
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
S
S
W
S
S
S
S

BA
BA
POL
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
POL
BA
BA
POL
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA, AP
BA, AP
BA
BA
BA
BA
POL
POL
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
POL
POL
BA
BA
POL
BA
BA
BA
BA

Tube

Allowable OD and ID dimensions to


standards for tube, pipe and hollow bar
Nom.
mm
O.D.
26.00
26.67
26.67
26.67
26.67
26.90
26.90
26.90
28.00
28.00
28.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
30.00
31.75
31.75
31.75
32.00
32.00
33.40
33.40
33.40
33.40
33.70
33.70
33.70
33.70
35.00
35.00
35.00
36.00
36.00
36.00
38.00
38.00
38.00
38.00
38.00
38.00
38.10
38.10
38.10
40.00
40.00
40.00
42.00
42.00
42.16
42.16
42.16
42.16
42.40
42.40
44.45
44.50
44.50
44.50

Nom
mm
I.D.
18.00
22.45
20.93
18.85
15.55
23.70
21.50
20.50
25.00
24.00
23.00
26.00
25.00
24.00
22.00
29.35
28.55
25.35
16.00
12.00
27.86
26.64
24.30
20.70
29.70
28.50
27.20
25.60
31.00
30.00
29.00
25.00
20.00
16.00
34.00
32.80
32.00
30.00
28.00
26.00
35.70
34.90
31.70
20.00
25.00
28.00
38.00
36.00
36.62
35.04
32.46
29.46
37.20
35.90
41.25
40.50
38.70
38.50

Nom.
mm
W.T.
4.00
2.11
2.87
3.91
5.56
1.60
2.70
3.20
1.50
2.00
2.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
4.00
1.20
1.60
3.20
8.00
10.00
2.77
3.38
4.55
6.35
2.00
2.60
3.25
4.05
2.00
2.50
3.00
5.50
8.00
10.00
2.00
2.60
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
1.20
1.60
3.20
10.00
7.50
6.00
2.00
3.00
2.77
3.56
4.85
6.35
2.60
3.25
1.60
2.00
2.90
3.00

Max.
mm
OD
26.2
27.07
27.07
27.07
27.07
27.10
27.10
27.10
28.08
28.08
28.08
30.23
30.08
30.08
30.08
31.95
31.95
31.90
33.00
33.00
33.80
33.80
33.80
33.80
33.95
33.95
34.10
33.95
35.15
35.15
35.15
37.00
37.00
37.00
38.15
38.29
38.15
38.15
38.15
38.38
38.25
38.25
38.25
41.00
41.00
41.00
42.20
42.20
42.56
42.56
42.56
42.56
42.72
42.82
44.70
44.83
44.95
45.17

Min.
mm
OD
25.81
26.59
26.59
26.59
26.59
26.70
26.70
26.70
27.92
27.92
27.92
29.78
29.92
29.92
29.92
31.55
31.55
31.60
32.00
32.00
33.32
33.32
33.32
33.32
33.45
33.45
33.62
33.45
34.85
34.85
34.85
36.00
36.00
36.00
37.85
37.72
37.85
37.85
37.85
37.62
37.95
37.95
37.95
40.00
40.00
40.00
41.80
41.80
41.36
41.36
41.36
41.36
42.08
41.98
44.20
44.17
44.06
43.83

Max.
mm
ID
18.40
22.71
21.29
19.34
16.25
23.86
21.77
20.82
25.15
24.20
23.25
26.20
25.25
24.30
22.40
29.47
28.71
25.67
16.00
12.00
28.95
27.89
25.84
22.69
30.35
29.27
28.41
26.66
31.55
30.65
29.75
25.00
20.00
16.00
34.55
33.61
32.75
30.95
29.15
27.88
36.09
35.37
32.49
20.00
25.00
28.00
38.60
36.80
37.72
36.33
34.08
31.45
38.04
37.14
41.82
41.23
39.87
40.07

152

Min
mm
ID
17.60
22.19
20.57
18.36
14.86
23.54
21.23
20.18
24.85
23.80
22.75
25.80
24.75
23.70
21.60
29.23
28.39
25.03
15.68
11.76
27.78
26.56
24.22
20.62
29.05
27.73
27.93
24.54
30.45
29.35
28.25
24.50
19.60
15.68
33.45
32.00
31.25
29.05
26.85
24.12
35.31
34.43
30.91
19.60
24.50
27.44
37.40
35.20
36.52
35.13
32.88
30.25
36.36
34.66
40.68
39.77
37.53
36.93

Weight

Product

Types

Finish

kg/m
2.2
1.29
1.71
2.23
2.93
1.01
1.61
1.9
1
1.3
1.6
1.4
1.72
2.03
2.6
0.92
1.2
2.27
5.1
4.2
2.12
2.54
3.28
4.29
1.59
2.03
2.48
3.01
1.65
2.03
2.4
4.5
5.9
6.8
1.8
2.31
2.63
3.41
4.13
4.81
1.24
1.45
2.77
7.8
6.5
5.5
2
2.93
2.73
3.44
4.53
5.69
2.59
3.19
1.71
2.13
3.02
3.12

Tube
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Tube
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube

S
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
W
S
S
S
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
S&W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
W
S
S
S

BA
BA, AP
BA, AP
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
BA
POL
POL
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
POL
AP, POL
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
POL
AP
AP
AP

Tube

Allowable OD and ID dimensions to


standards for tube, pipe and hollow bar
Nom.
mm
O.D.
45.00
45.00
45.00
48.26
48.26
48.26
48.26
48.30
48.30
48.30
48.30
50.00
50.00
50.00
50.00
50.80
50.80
50.80
50.80
51.00
54.00
56.00
56.00
56.00
57.00
60.30
60.30
60.30
60.30
60.33
60.33
60.33
60.33
63.00
63.00
63.00
63.00
63.00
63.50
63.50
63.50
70.00
71.00
71.00
71.00
71.00
73.03
73.03
73.03
73.03
75.00
75.00
75.00
76.10
76.10
76.10
76.20
76.20

Nom
mm
I.D.
20.00
28.00
32.00
42.72
40.90
38.10
33.98
44.30
43.10
41.80
40.20
25.00
32.00
36.00
40.00
47.60
47.60
46.80
44.40
45.80
50.00
28.00
36.00
40.00
51.20
56.30
55.10
54.50
53.00
54.79
52.51
49.25
42.85
32.00
36.00
40.00
45.00
50.00
60.30
59.50
58.30
64.20
36.00
40.00
45.00
56.00
66.93
62.71
59.01
53.97
40.00
50.00
60.00
72.10
70.30
72.90
73.80
73.00

Nom.
mm
W.T.
12.50
8.50
6.50
2.77
3.68
5.08
7.14
2.00
2.60
3.25
4.05
12.50
9.00
7.00
5.00
1.60
1.60
2.00
3.20
2.60
2.00
14.00
10.00
8.00
2.90
2.00
2.60
2.90
3.65
2.77
3.91
5.52
8.74
15.50
13.50
11.50
9.00
6.50
1.60
2.00
2.60
2.90
17.50
15.50
13.00
7.50
3.05
5.16
7.01
9.53
17.50
12.50
7.50
2.00
2.90
3.65
1.20
1.60

Max.
mm
OD
45.90
45.90
45.90
48.66
48.66
48.66
48.66
48.66
48.78
49.02
48.78
51.00
51.00
51.00
50.25
51.05
51.05
51.05
51.05
51.38
54.41
57.12
57.12
57.12
57.57
60.75
60.75
60.90
60.90
61.13
61.13
61.13
61.13
64.26
64.26
64.26
64.26
64.26
63.80
63.80
63.98
70.53
72.42
72.42
72.42
72.42
73.83
73.83
73.83
73.83
76.50
76.50
76.50
76.67
76.67
76.86
76.56
76.56

Min.
mm
OD
45.00
45.00
45.00
47.46
47.46
47.46
47.46
47.94
47.82
47.58
47.82
50.00
50.00
50.00
49.75
50.55
50.55
50.55
50.55
50.62
53.60
56.00
56.00
56.00
56.43
59.85
59.85
59.70
59.70
59.53
59.53
59.53
59.53
63.00
63.00
63.00
63.00
63.00
63.20
63.20
63.02
69.48
71.00
71.00
71.00
71.00
72.23
72.23
72.23
72.23
75.00
75.00
75.00
75.53
75.53
75.34
75.84
75.84

Max.
mm
ID
20.00
28.00
32.00
43.81
42.22
39.77
36.17
45.06
44.23
43.50
41.70
25.00
32.00
36.00
41.25
48.17
48.17
47.45
45.29
46.70
50.81
28.00
36.00
40.00
52.50
57.15
56.07
55.83
54.52
56.28
54.28
51.47
45.83
32.00
36.00
40.00
45.00
50.00
60.92
60.20
59.30
65.31
36.00
40.00
45.00
56.00
68.49
64.80
61.56
57.15
40.00
50.00
60.00
73.07
71.45
70.47
74.40
73.68

153

Min
mm
ID
19.60
27.44
31.36
42.61
41.02
38.57
34.97
43.54
41.97
40.10
38.70
24.50
31.36
35.28
38.75
47.03
47.03
46.15
43.51
44.90
49.20
27.44
35.28
39.20
49.91
55.45
54.13
53.17
51.48
54.68
52.68
49.86
44.23
31.36
35.28
39.20
44.10
49.00
60.32
59.60
57.30
63.10
35.28
39.20
44.10
54.88
66.89
63.20
59.96
55.55
39.20
49.00
58.80
71.13
69.15
67.13
73.20
72.32

Weight

Product

Types

Finish

kg/m
10.5
8.2
6.7
3.15
4.1
5.48
7.34
2.32
2.98
3.67
4.49
12.1
9.7
8
5.63
1.99
1.99
2.44
5.8
3.15
2.6
15.2
12.1
10.2
3.93
2.92
3.76
4.17
5.18
3.98
5.52
7.58
11.27
19
17.3
15.4
12.2
9.9
2.48
3.08
3.97
4.87
24.1
22.3
19.6
12.9
5.33
8.75
11.57
15.12
26
21.1
13.7
3.71
5.32
6.62
2.32
2.99

Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube
Tube

S
S
S
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
S&W
W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
W

AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
POL
AP, POL
POL
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
POL
BP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
POL
POL

Tube

Allowable OD and ID dimensions to


standards for tube, pipe and hollow bar
Nom.
mm
O.D.
76.20
76.20
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
85.00
85.00
85.00
88.90
88.90
88.90
88.90
88.90
88.90
90.00
90.00
90.00
90.00
95.00
95.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
101.6
106.0
106.0
106.0
106.0
108.0
112.0
112.0
112.0
112.0
114.3
114.3
114.3
114.3
114.3
114.3
118.0
118.0
118.0
118.0
121.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
125.0
127.0
127.0
132.0
132.0

Nom
mm
I.D.
72.20
69.80
40.00
45.00
50.00
63.00
45.00
55.00
67.00
81.70
80.80
82.80
77.92
73.66
66.64
50.00
56.00
63.00
71.00
50.00
67.00
56.00
63.00
71.00
80.00
98.40
97.60
95.50
90.12
85.44
56.00
63.00
71.00
80.00
100.00
63.00
71.00
80.00
90.00
105.30
110.08
108.20
102.26
97.18
87.32
63.00
71.00
80.00
90.00
113.00
71.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
123.80
123.00
71.00
80.00

Nom.
mm
W.T.
2.00
3.20
20.0
17.5
15.0
8.5
20.0
15.0
9.0
3.6
4.05
3.05
5.49
7.62
11.13
20.0
17.0
13.5
9.5
22.5
14.0
22.0
18.5
14.5
10.0
1.6
2.0
3.05
5.74
8.08
25.00
21.50
17.50
13.00
4.00
24.50
20.50
16.00
11.00
4.50
2.11
3.05
6.02
8.56
13.49
27.50
23.50
19.00
14.00
4.00
27.00
22.50
17.50
12.50
1.60
2.00
30.50
26.00

Max.
mm
OD
76.56
76.60
81.60
81.60
81.60
81.60
86.70
86.70
86.70
89.57
89.79
89.70
89.70
89.70
89.70
91.80
91.80
91.80
91.80
96.90
96.90
102.00
102.00
102.00
102.00
102.11
102.11
102.40
102.40
102.40
108.12
108.12
108.12
108.12
108.81
114.24
114.24
114.24
114.24
115.44
115.10
115.10
115.10
115.10
115.10
120.36
120.36
120.36
120.36
121.91
127.50
127.50
127.50
127.50
127.51
127.51
134.64
134.64

Min.
mm
OD
75.84
75.40
80.00
80.00
80.00
80.00
85.00
85.00
85.00
88.23
88.01
88.10
88.10
88.10
88.10
90.00
90.00
90.00
90.00
95.00
95.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
100.00
101.09
101.09
100.80
100.80
100.80
106.00
106.00
106.00
106.00
107.19
112.00
112.00
112.00
112.00
113.16
113.50
113.50
113.50
113.50
113.50
118.00
118.00
118.00
118.00
120.09
125.00
125.00
125.00
125.00
126.49
126.49
132.00
132.00

Max.
mm
ID
72.96
70.84
40.00
45.00
50.00
63.00
45.00
55.00
67.00
83.09
82.70
84.36
80.09
76.37
70.22
50.00
56.00
63.00
71.00
50.00
67.00
56.00
63.00
71.00
80.00
99.23
98.51
97.06
92.36
88.26
56.00
63.00
71.00
80.00
101.61
63.00
71.00
80.00
90.00
107.57
111.41
109.76
104.57
100.12
91.49
63.00
71.00
80.00
90.00
114.71
71.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
124.63
123.91
71.00
80.00

154

Min
mm
ID
71.44
68.36
39.20
44.10
49.00
61.74
44.10
53.90
65.66
80.31
78.90
82.76
78.49
74.77
68.62
49.00
54.88
61.74
69.58
49.00
65.66
54.88
61.74
69.58
78.40
98.21
97.49
95.46
90.76
86.66
54.88
61.74
69.58
78.40
98.39
61.74
69.58
78.40
88.20
103.03
109.81
108.16
102.97
98.52
89.89
61.74
69.58
78.40
88.20
111.29
69.58
78.40
88.20
98.00
123.61
122.89
69.58
78.40

Weight

Product

Types

Finish

kg/m
3.72
5.8
30.9
28.3
25.3
16.4
33.5
26.8
18.5
7.69
8.61
6.54
11.44
15.48
21.63
36.1
32.3
27.1
20.6
42.1
29.9
42.3
39.2
32.7
24.4
4.12
4.99
7.51
13.75
18.88
52.1
47.1
40.6
32.3
10.42
55.3
48.8
40.6
30.2
12.37
5.91
8.48
16.29
22.69
33.99
64.2
57.6
49.4
39
11.72
68.5
60.2
49.8
38.3
4.92
6.16
79.7
71.5

Tube
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Tube
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Tube
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar

W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
W
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
W
S
S

POL
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
POL
POL
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
POL
POL
AP
AP

Tube

Allowable OD and ID dimensions to


standards for tube, pipe and hollow bar
Nom.
mm
O.D.
132.0
132.0
133.0
140.0
140.0
140.0
140.0
141.3
141.3
141.3
141.3
141.3
150.0
150.0
150.0
150.0
152.4
152.4
159.0
160.0
160.0
160.0
160.0
168.28
168.28
168.28
168.28
168.28
170.0
170.0
170.0
170.0
170.0
170.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
180.0
190.0
190.0
190.0
190.0
200.0
200.0
200.0
203.2
203.2
212.0
212.0
219.08
219.08
219.08
219.08
219.08
224.0
224.0
236.0
236.0

Nom
mm
I.D.
90.00
106.00
125.00
80.00
90.00
100.00
112.00
135.76
134.50
128.20
122.24
109.54
80.00
95.00
106.00
125.00
149.20
148.40
150.00
90.00
112.00
122.00
132.00
162.74
161.48
154.06
146.34
131.76
100.00
106.00
118.00
128.00
130.00
140.00
100.00
125.00
140.00
150.00
132.00
140.00
150.00
160.00
140.00
150.00
160.00
200.00
199.20
130.00
170.00
213.54
211.56
202.72
193.68
173.06
140.00
180.00
150.00
190.00

Nom.
mm
W.T.
21.00
13.00
4.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
14.00
2.77
3.40
6.55
9.53
15.88
35.0
27.5
22.0
12.5
1.6
2.0
4.5
35.0
24.0
19.0
14.0
2.77
3.40
7.11
10.97
18.26
35.0
32.0
26.0
21.0
20.0
15.0
40.0
27.5
20.0
15.0
29.0
25.0
20.0
15.0
30.0
25.0
20.0
1.6
2.0
41.0
21.0
2.77
3.76
8.18
12.70
23.01
42.0
22.0
43.0
23.0

Max.
mm
OD
134.64
134.64
134.00
142.80
142.80
142.80
142.80
142.90
142.90
142.90
142.90
142.90
153.00
153.00
153.00
153.00
153.04
153.04
160.19
163.20
163.20
163.20
163.20
169.88
169.88
169.88
169.88
169.88
173.40
173.40
173.40
173.40
173.40
173.40
183.60
183.60
183.60
183.60
193.80
193.80
193.80
193.80
204.00
204.00
204.00
204.00
204.00
216.24
216.24
220.68
220.68
220.68
220.68
220.68
228.48
228.48
240.72
240.72

Min.
mm
OD
132.00
132.00
132.00
140.00
140.00
140.00
140.00
140.50
140.50
140.50
140.50
140.50
150.00
150.00
150.00
150.00
151.76
151.76
157.81
160.00
160.00
160.00
160.00
167.48
167.48
167.48
167.48
167.48
170.00
170.00
170.00
170.00
170.00
170.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
180.00
190.00
190.00
190.00
190.00
200.00
200.00
200.00
202.40
202.40
212.00
212.00
218.28
218.28
218.28
218.28
218.28
224.00
224.00
236.00
236.00

Max.
mm
ID
90.00
106.00
126.80
80.00
90.00
100.00
112.00
138.05
136.95
131.44
126.22
115.11
80.00
95.00
106.00
125.00
150.16
149.44
152.09
90.00
112.00
122.00
132.00
165.03
163.93
157.43
150.68
137.92
100.00
106.00
118.00
128.00
130.00
140.00
100.00
125.00
140.00
150.00
132.00
140.00
150.00
160.00
140.00
150.00
160.00
201.12
200.40
130.00
170.00
215.83
214.10
206.36
198.45
180.41
140.00
180.00
150.00
190.00

155

Min
mm
ID
88.20
103.88
123.20
78.40
88.20
98.00
109.76
135.65
134.55
129.04
123.82
112.71
78.40
93.10
103.88
122.50
148.88
148.16
147.91
88.20
109.76
119.56
129.36
162.63
161.53
155.03
148.28
135.52
98.00
103.88
115.64
125.44
127.40
137.20
98.00
122.50
137.20
147.00
129.36
137.20
147.00
156.80
137.20
147.00
156.80
199.52
198.80
127.40
166.60
213.43
211.70
203.96
196.05
178.01
137.20
176.40
147.00
186.20

Weight

Product

Types

Finish

kg/m
61.1
42
0
85.2
74.9
63.3
47.8
9.59
11.73
22.07
31.37
49.77
103.3
87.7
74.2
47.4
5.95
7.54
17.41
112.9
85.8
71.6
56.2
11.45
14.03
28.65
43.15
68.48
122.3
114.7
98.4
80.8
80.2
63.8
144.4
110
86.1
68.4
123
109.9
91.9
73
134
117
97.6
7.95
10.12
182
109
14.97
20.23
43.12
65.52
112.78
199
121
216
133

Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Tube
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Tube
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar

S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
W
S
S
S
S
S
W
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
S
W
W
S
S
W
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
S
S
S

AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
POL
POL
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
POL
POL
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP

Tube

Allowable OD and ID dimensions to


standards for tube, pipe and hollow bar
Nom.
mm
O.D.
250.0
254.0
273.05
273.05
273.05
273.05
275.00
300.0
304.0
323.85
323.85
323.85
323.85
340.0
355.6
355.6
355.6
380.0
400.0
406.4
406.4
406.4
406.4
420.0
457.2
457.2
457.2
457.2
508.0
508.0
508.0
508.0
558.8
558.8
558.8
609.6
609.6
609.6
762.0

Nom
mm
I.D.
200.00
250.00
266.25
264.67
254.51
247.65
200.00
200.00
300.00
315.93
314.71
304.79
298.45
200.00
346.04
336.54
330.20
230.00
300.00
398.02
396.84
387.34
381.00
300.00
448.82
447.64
438.14
431.80
498.44
496.92
488.94
482.60
547.72
539.74
533.40
596.90
590.54
584.20
746.16

Nom.
mm
W.T.
25.0
2.00
3.40
4.19
9.27
12.70
37.50
50.00
2.00
3.96
4.57
9.53
12.70
70.00
4.78
9.53
12.70
75.00
50.00
4.19
4.78
9.53
12.70
60.00
4.19
4.78
9.53
12.70
4.78
5.54
9.53
12.70
5.54
9.53
12.70
6.35
9.53
12.70
7.92

S = seamless, W = welded

Max.
mm
OD
255.00
255.00
275.45
275.45
275.45
275.45
280.50
306.00
305.20
326.25
326.25
326.25
326.25
342.40
358.00
358.00
358.00
387.60
408.00
408.80
408.80
408.80
408.80
428.40
459.60
459.60
459.60
459.60
510.40
511.20
511.20
511.20
562.00
562.00
562.00
612.80
612.80
612.80
766.00

Min.
mm
OD
250.00
253.00
272.25
272.25
272.25
272.25
275.00
300.00
302.80
323.05
323.05
323.05
323.05
339.20
354.80
354.80
354.80
380.00
400.00
405.60
405.60
405.60
405.60
420.00
456.40
456.40
456.40
456.40
507.20
507.20
507.20
507.20
558.00
558.00
558.00
608.80
608.80
608.80
761.20

Max.
mm
ID
200.00
251.40
269.50
268.12
259.23
253.23
200.50
200.50
301.60
319.32
318.25
309.57
304.03
219.90
349.64
341.32
335.78
230.50
300.50
401.47
400.44
392.12
386.58
300.50
452.27
451.24
442.92
437.38
502.04
501.51
494.52
488.98
552.31
545.32
539.78
601.69
596.12
590.58
752.14

Min
mm
ID
196.00
249.40
266.30
264.92
256.03
250.03
196.49
196.49
299.20
316.12
315.05
306.37
300.83
216.70
346.44
338.12
332.58
225.89
294.49
398.27
397.24
388.92
383.38
294.49
449.07
448.04
439.72
434.18
498.84
497.51
490.52
484.98
548.31
541.32
535.78
597.69
592.12
586.58
747.34

Weight

Product

Types

Finish

kg/m
153
12.62
22.94
28.17
61.13
82.65
247
340
15.2
31.68
36.49
74.84
98.78
507
41.88
82.4
108.86
609
478
42.14
47.94
94.49
124.98
585.00
47.46
54.00
106.59
141.11
60.07
69.55
118.68
157.24
76.58
130.78
173.36
95.75
148.27
189.49
149.38

Hollow Bar
Tube
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Tube
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Hollow Bar
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Hollow Bar
Hollow Bar
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Hollow Bar
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe
Pipe

S
W
W
S&W
S&W
S
S
S
W
W
S&W
S&W
S&W
S
W
S&W
S&W
S
S
W
W
S&W
S&W
S
W
W
S&W
S&W
W
W
S&W
S&W
W
S&W
S
W
S&W
S&W
W

AP
2B, P
AP
AP
AP
AP
B
B
2B, P
AP
AP
AP
AP
B
AP
AP
AP
B
B
AP
AP
AP
AP
B
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP
AP

Finish:
AP = Annealed and Pickled
BA = Bright Annealed
P=

Pickled

POL = Satin Polish 180 - 220 grit

Standard stocked sizes Australia and Sweden

Non standard sizes available subject to mill enquiry and minimum production quantities.

Sandvik Australia Pty Ltd reserve the right to change, or update the content of this brochure without notice.

All dimensions shown are for guidance only and subject to variation within allowable limits, including ovality, straightness,
and average or minimum wall thicknesses.
Whilst every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information provided, we take no responsibility for any
errors or omissions that might appear in this brochure.

156

Tube

Standard gauge table


SWG and BWG / inches and millimetres
Gauge no.

SWG

BWG

Inch

mm

Inch

mm

7/0

.500

12.70

6/0

.464

11.79

5/0

.432

10.97

.500

12.70

4/0

.400

10.16

.454

11.53

3/0

.372

9.45

.425

10.80

2/0

.348

8.84

.380

9.65

.324

8.23

.340

8.64

.300

7.62

.300

7.62

.276

7.01

.284

7.21

.252

6.40

.259

6.58

.232

5.89

.238

6.05

.212

5.38

.220

5.59

.192

4.88

.203

5.16

.176

4.47

.180

4.57

.160

4.06

.165

4.19

.144

3.66

.148

3.76

10

.128

3.25

.134

3.40

11

.116

2.95

.120

3.05

12

.104

2.64

.109

2.77

13

.092

2.34

.095

2.41

14

.080

2.03

.083

2.11

15

.072

1.83

.072

1.83

16

.064

1.63

.065

1.65

17

.056

1.42

.058

1.47

18

.048

1.22

.049

1.24

19

.040

1.02

.042

1.07

20

.036

0.91

.035

0.89

21

.032

0.81

.032

0.81

22

.028

0.71

.028

0.71

23

.024

0.61

.025

0.64

24

.022

0.56

.022

0.56

25

.020

0.51

.020

0.51

26

.018

0.46

.018

0.46

27

.016

1.42

.016

0.41

28

.015

0.38

.014

0.36

29

.014

0.35

.013

0.33

30

.012

0.31

.012

0.30

31

.0116

0.295

.010

0.254

32

.0108

0.274

.009

0.229

33

.0100

0.254

.008

0.203

34

.0092

0.234

.007

0.178

35

.0084

0.213

.005

0.127

36

.0076

0.193

.004

0.102

157

Tube

Notes

158

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