Government System of China

July 2016

Background
Official Name: People's Republic of China
The People's Republic of China was established in 1949 by the Communist leader Zedong
Mao. China is a socialist republic ruled by a single party, the Communist Party of China.
The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) transformed the political, economic, and social
system of the country by emphasizing socialist egalitarianism combined with a nationalistic
drive toward modernization (Nations Encyclopedia, 2016).

President of China: Xi Jinping

In 1974, Xi becam e an official party
m em ber, serving as a branch secretary. In
1999, Xi becam e acting governor of Fujian,
and he becam e governor the following year.
In 2013, he was elected president of China
by the National People's Congress
(Melissa, 2013).

Power
Power in China is divided between the National People's Congress (NPC), the President,
and the State Council. The 1982 constitution specifies that suprem e political power resides
in NPC, but real power lies in the Politburo of the Chinese Com m unist Party (CCP), with
crucial decision m ade by a sm all circle of the CCP select Standing Com m ittee of the
Politburo (Nations Encyclopedia, 2016).
The NPC is the single legislative body, whose m em bers are selected by the
Com m unist Party (Kallie, 2008). The NPC's m em bers m eet annually and elect m ost
of the leading governm ent officials, including the president, vice president, prem ier,
and vice prem ier (Nations Encyclopedia, 2016).
The State Council, sim ilar to the cabinet in other countries, is headed by the
prem ier, is the adm inistrative branch. The People's Liberation Arm y also wields
considerable political power.
At the local level, China is divided into 23 provinces with representation consisting
of provincial and m unicipal People's Congresses (Nations Encyclopedia, 2016).
References:
Albert, M. (Aug 25, 2013). Xi Jinping. Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved from: https://www.britannica.com/biography/XiJinping
Nations Encyclopedia. (2016). China - Political background. Retrieved from: http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/WorldLeaders-2003/China-POLITICAL-BACKG ROUND.html
Szczepanski, K. (Apr 22, 2008). People's Republic of China | Facts and History. about education. Retrieved

from: http://asianhistory.about.com/od/china/p/ChinaProfile.htm

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