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gramtica: 26 Grammar
December 17, 2009 by InglesTotal
Filed under Curso Basico / Ingls Elemental, Grammar
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Curso gratis de ingls por Internet LECCION 26 GRAMATICA /
GRAMMAR
Estudiar y practicar ingls en lnea con audio Ingls-Espaol
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Leccin 26 (GRAMATICA) [27:42m]: Hide Player | Play in Popup | Download (12280)
Today is the last grammar lesson of the basic/elementary course. We are going to study
the present perfect tense. Remember that it is very important to practice and to review.
Como se forma el present perfect? Cuando utilizamos el present perfect? Hoy es
nuestra ltima leccin gramatical del curso bsico/elemental. Vamos a presentar el
tiempo gramatical present perfect y responder estas interrogantes. Recuerden que es
importante practicar y repasar
Before we start with this lesson where you are going to read the Present Perfect tense.
Lets remember the tenses that we have studied up to this point:
The Present Simple and Present Continuous
We have studied these two tenses before. These refer to the present tense but in different
ways. The present simple is used to talk about actions that usually happen. These
actions describe routines or habits. The present continuous is used to describe actions
that are happening at the moment in which they are spoken.
Present Simple: For routines, habits and current information
- I usually get up at 6:00 am.
- Tom goes to the gym at weekends.
- Sarah has two children.
Present Continuous: for actions happening at the moment
- We are studying English at InglesTotal.
- I am not watching TV at the moment
** Como vimos estos 2 tiempos gramaticales que hemos estudiado antes (Present
tense :LECCION 10 y Present Continuous:LECCION 8) Usan el nombre present ya que
tienen una relacion con ella pero de manera distinta. El present tense se usa para
describir una accin que sucede usualmente como una rutina en cambio el present
continuous es utilizado para describir acciones que suceden en el momento en que se
esta hablando. RECUERDEN QUE NO ES LO MISMO EN ESPAOL Y POR ELLO
ES NECESARIO RESPETAR LAS REGLAS GRAMATICALES DEL IDIOMA QUE
UNO APRENDE.
Verb
Past form
Past Particple
Work
Worked
Worked
Talk
Talked
Talked
Study
Studied
Studied
Stay
Stayed
Stayed
Watch
Watched
watched
List of complete regular verbs (enlace con lista completa de verbos regulares):
http://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/regular-verbs-list.htm
Irregular verbs
The irregular form of the verbs in past participle change and you have to learn them
with practice.
CHART #2
Verb
Past form
Past Particple
be
Was/were
been
eat
ate
eaten
go
went
gone
buy
bought
bought
ride
Rode
ridden
write
wrote
written
Subject
I/we/you/they
He/She/It
Auxiliary
have
has
Past Participle
been
Eaten
Complement
to Brazil
Sushi
Negative form
SUBJECT + [HAVEN'T / HASN'T + PAST PARTICIPLE] + COMPLEMENT
CHAR T#4
Subject
Auxiliary
Past Participle
Complement
I/we/you/they
He/She/It
havent
hasnt
been
eaten
to Brazil
Sushi
Question form
Question word + [HAVE / HAS + SUBJECT + PAST PARTICIPLE] +
COMPLEMENT
CHART #5
Question Word
Auxiliary
Subject
Past Participle
Complement
What countries
have
I/we/you/they been
to?
Has
He/she/it
eaten
Sushi?
Contractions:
Negative
To emphasize this use of the present perfect we use the word ever. More examples:
- Have you ever been to Peru?
In this question we are asking for information about his life experience. We DO NOT
CARE or WANT TO KNOW WHEN. It is a question without a definite point in the
past.
- I have been to Mexico three times.
We say that in our life we went to Mexico but we DO NOT SAY WHEN.
- Has Laura ever eaten Paella?
We want to know if Laura has eaten paella once in her life. WE DO NOT WANT TO
KNOW WHEN.
*** Cuando usamos el present perfect? El present perfect se usa para describir
acciones que pasaron antes y sin decir cuando. Es un tiempo indefinido del pasado y se
usa para expresar experiencias sin determinar el tiempo en que se dieron. Esto es muy
util ya que la pueden usar para pedir informacion en general. Ever se utiliza para
emfatizar este uso.
Present Perfect vs Past Simple
As we have seen, we can talk about the past with present perfect but we need to learn
the differences with the past simple tense.
*** Como sabemos, tambien podemos usar el past simple para hablar del pasado pero
es cuando es un tiempo definido; es decir, un tiempo exacto. Ya en pre-intermedio
ampiaremos este tema
Ejercicios y refuerzo:
Hacer los siguientes ejercicios (las respuestan estan en el audio)
Enlaces y links:
Muy buen enlace listo para imprimir que explica de otra forma el Present Perfect
http://www.headsupenglish.com/skillbuilders/grammar/presentperfectexperience.pdf
Ejercicios para practicar el present perfect
http://www.headsupenglish.com/skillbuilders/grammar/haveyoueverdrills.pdf
Apuntes del uso de ever
http://menuaingles.blogspot.com/2007/09/present-perfect-con-ever.html
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