www.lqv77.

com
Bi 10
Tn bi : Mch Focus Servo
M bi : HCO 01 22 10
Gii thiu :
y l bi hc gii thiu v s mch in, chc nng, nhim v v nguyn l
hot ng ca mch focus servo . ng thi, hng dn hc sinh thc hnh v cc ni
dung: Chn on, kim tra, sa cha v thay th cc linh kin h hng trong mch
focus servo ca my CD/VCD.

Mc tiu thc hin: Gip cho hc vin c kh nng

Trnh by ng chc nng v nhim v ca cc khi trong mch Focus Servo.

Trnh by ng nguyn l hot ng ca mch Focus Servo.
Chn on, kim tra v sa cha c nhng h hng ca mch Focus Servo.
Cn chnh c mch Focus Servo.

Ni dung chnh:
Bao gm cc vn chnh sau:

1.
Khi nim v mch Servo
2.
Nguyn tc d sai lch hi t trong my CD/VCD
3.
S khi chc nng ca mch Focus Servo
4.
Chc nng, nhim v ca cc khi
5.
S mch in v nguyn l hot ng ca mch Focus Servo
6.
Nhng hin tng, nguyn nhn v cch khc phc nhng h hng ca
mch Focus Servo
7.
Chn on, kim tra v sa cha mch Focus Servo
8.
Phng php cn chnh mch Focus Servo v cch cn chnh
Cc hnh thc hc tp:
I. Nghe thuyt trnh trn lp C THO LUN
1 Khi nim v mch servo:
Trong h thng my pht li CD, VCD, C 4 loi mch Servo, c trang b m
bo c cc pits v flats c ghi ln a mt cch chnh xc. l Focus Servo, Tracking
Servo, Sled Servo, Spindle Servo.

2 Nguyn tc d sai lch hi t trong my CD/VCD:

Nhim v ca mch focus servo iu khin vt knh ln xung theo chiu thng ng
m bo chm tia laser hi t ng cc pits v plats trn b mt a thng qua cun hi t
(Focus coil) c b tr trn mt c.

103

www.lqv77.com
nhn bit s hi t ngi ta s dng bin php lon th bng cch dng mt thu
knh hnh tr c c tnh thay i hnh dng chm tia t hnh elip dc qua hnh trn ri n hnh
elip ngang nh (hnh 01).

Hnh 01 Nguyn tc d hi t trong my CD/VCD

Vic d sai lch hi t c thc hin thng qua cc 2 cp photo diode nhn dng A - C
v B D v mch khuch i sai bit dng OPAMP. Cc tn hiu thu c t cc cp photo
diode (A+C) v (B+D) v c so snh vi nhau c tn hiu sai lch [(A+C) - (B+D)].

Khi vt knh qu gn: th chm sng phn x hi t trn 4 photo diode nhn dng A, C v
B, D c hnh dng Elip ng v lc ny cp photo diode (A+C) thu nh sng nhiu hn cp
photo diode (B+D), tc tn hiu in (A+C) > (B+D) ng ra OPAM c tn hiu sai lch
dng (hoc m) cp cho mch focus servo a tn hiu iu chnh vt knh ra xa.

Khi vt knh qu xa : th chm sng phn x hi t trn 4 photo diode nhn dng A, C v B,
D c hnh dng Elip ngang v lc ny cp photo diode (A+C) thu nh sng t hn cp photo
diode (B+D), tc tn hiu in (A+C) < (B+D) ng ra OPAM c tn hiu sai lch m (hoc
dng) cp cho mch focus servo a tn hiu iu chnh vt knh li gn hn.

104

www.lqv77.com
Khi vt knh v tr hi t ng: th chm sng phn x hi t trn 4 photo diode nhn
dng A, C v B, D c hnh dng hnh trn v lc ny cp photo diode (A+C) thu nh sng
bng cp photo diode (B+D), tc tn hiu in (A+C) = (B+D) ng ra OPAM c tn hiu
sai lch l 0, cp cho mch focus servo. Lc ny mch focus servo s khng hiu chnh vt
knh.

3 S khi chc nng v nhim v ca mch focus servo:

3. 1 S khi chc nng: (Hnh 02)
3. 2 Chc nng, nhim v ca khi chc nng:

Focus Search: C chc nng d im hi t ban u khi c a.

I-V-Comvert: C chc nng i dng in ng vo sang in p ng ra.

FE (Focus Error): Tn hiu sa sai hi t c chc nng so snh hai ng vo

A + C, B + D. Nu c s chnh lch v mc in p ng vo th ng ra s xut hin

mt mc in p d hi t cho n khi 2 tn hiu ny bng nhau, tn hiu ng ra c
a n mch IC Servo sa dng hi t.

FOK (Focus OK): C chc nng to ra mt tn hiu dng xc nh u

lade nm trn mt phn chiu ca a, tn hiu ny c mc cao khi chm tia lade hi t
trn a.

Mch FZC (Focus Zero cross): C chc nng theo di khi tn hiu va sai

hi t tin ti 0. Mch ny thng phi hp vi mch FOK xc nh thi im no th

iu chnh hi t.

105

www.lqv77.com

Hnh 02 S khi chc nng ca mch Focus Servo

3.3 Nguyn l hot ng:
Khi bt u Play th vic u tin ca mch Focus Servo l im hi t ban u cn
phi t c hay ni khc i l dch chuyn thu knh ln xung theo trc thng ng. Do vy
khi hot ng u tin trong mch Focus Servo l khi tm kim hi t (Focus Search).
thc hin vic ny th vi x l xut lnh ra iu khin Swich S1 v v tr b. Tip theo xut lnh

106

www.lqv77.com
iu khin cho khi Focus seach cho ra dng sng v dch chuyn thu knh nh (Hnh
03).

Hnh
03: Khi hot ng d tm focus
Khi pht hin c tn hiu RF hay ng ra ca FOK chuyn mc, th vi x l xut lnh
chuyn Switch v v tr a, lc ny l ch pht bnh thng. Ngc li nu khng nhn c
tn hiu FOK chuyn mc th vi x l xut lnh cho h thng ngng hot ng.
ch play bnh thng. Tn hiu nhn c t mang Photodiode qua khi I-VConvert bin i tn hiu t dng in sang in p ri a mch FE to ra tn hiu
cho php vt knh dch chuyn t v tr gia i ln hoc xung theo chiu thng ng sao cho
im hi t tt nht.

Phn tch mch in focus servo trn my CD/VCD thc t:

4. 1 S mch in cc my CD/VCD s dng IC Servo m CXA 1082 BQ (BS) v mt phn
ca IC RF.AMP m CXA1081: (Hnh 04 v 05)

107

www.lqv77.com

(Hnh 04)
4.2 Nguyn l hot ng ca mch focus Servo dng IC CXA 1082: (Hnh 05)
Cc chn c chc nng lin quan n mch Focus Servo :

Chn 5 (FEO) : l chn cp tn hiu hi t ra cho mch khuch i cng sut hi t (Focus
MDA).
Chn 6 (FE(-)) : l chn nhn tn hiu hi tip m t ng ra mch MDA v mch FE.amp hay
chn nhn tn hiu o ca mch FE.Amp.
Chn 48 (FE) : l chn nhn tn hiu d sai lch hi t t mch d v khuch i sai lch
hi t t IC RF.Amp (CXA 1081) a ti. Tn hiu ny s cp cho mch sa pha (Phase
correction) v mch so snh im xuyn 0 hi t FZC bn trong IC CXA 1082.
Chn 18 (Sens): Chnh l ng ra tn hiu ca mch FZC cp cho mch IC- DSP v cng lin
lc vi chn Sens ca vi x l (Microcomputer) cp cho mch DSP.

108

www.lqv77.com
Chn 41 (FOK): l chn nhn tn hiu FOK t mch nhn din tn hiu d hi t t ICRF.Amp (CXA 1081) a ti. Chn ny c mc cao hoc thp.
Chn 7 (Srch): l chn lin quan n chc nng d hi t (Search), chn ny kt ni vi t
ho (4.7u) cng vi R bn trong IC hnh thnh mch nh thi to dng xung d hi t.

Ngoi ra cn c cc chn lin quan n chc nng hi t l :

Chn 2 (FGD) v 3 (FS3): l 2 chn kt ni vi t gm cng vi R bn trong IC hnh thnh
mch lc thng thp gim tn s cao v c iu khin bi mt chuyn mch bn trong
IC.
Chn 4 (LSB): l chn kt ni vi t gm cng vi R bn trong IC hnh thnh mch nh thi
tng rng bng thng thp cho mch focus servo khi ch pht (Play).
Chn 17 (FSET): l chn thit lp tn s nh cho mch focus Phase compensation (Khi R
ngoi l 510K th tn s nh khong 1.2Khz).
Chn 29 (I.Set): l chn nhn dng xung (nh ) d hi t, nhy Track hay d nhanh
(Forward) t ng iu chnh cc chuyn mch bn trong IC khi cc ch : mi a
a vo, Next, hay Forward

109

www.lqv77.com

110

www.lqv77.com
II. T NGHIN CU TI LIU LIN QUAN V THO LUN NH
1. c cc tI liu ca s dn trI my CD\VCD ca D n GD dy ngh trang b ti
xng thc hnh.
2. Tham kho sch Tm hng v sa cha u my CD, LD, DVD, CD_ROM, VCD
ca - K s Nguyn Minh Gip.
3. Tham kho sch COMPACT DISC PLAYER - Nguyn l v cn bn sa cha, tp
I, II ca K s Phm nh Bo.
4. Tho lun v t hc thuc cc thut ng vit tt v mch focus servo.
5. T nghin cu v tho lun s mch nguyn l mch focus servo ca cc s
mch ca cc hng sn xut.
6. c v nghin cu cc s mch nguyn l focus servo ca cc my thng dng.
7. Tp phn tch, tho lun v tm lc cc ng tn hiu lin quan n mch focus
servo.

III. THC TP TI XNG

5

Kho st v phn tch mch focus Servo trong my CD/VCD ang thc hnh
xng:
5. 1 Cho s mch focus Servo my VCD Hanel nh sau hy phn tch cc ng tn hiu
lin quan n mch Focus Servo : (Xem hnh 6):
5.2 Hng dn thc hnh:
c phn tch s mch nguyn l ca my CD/VCD ang thc hnh.
D mch in.
o p thc t trn my so vi cc thng s chun trn Schematic ca my.
5.3 Tho lun cc hin tng h hng c th xy ra ra theo nhm: Gm cc hin sau
Cm thu knh khng dch chuyn ln xung.
Cm thu knh dch chuyn khng n nh.

111

www.lqv77.com

Hnh 06 Mch Servo ca my VCD Hanel

Chn on, kim tra v sa cha mch Focus Servo:

Nhng hin tng h hng c bn i vi mch focus Servo l :

6. 1 Cm thu knh khng dch chuyn ln xung:

6.1.1

Cch kim tra theo cc bc sau:

Kim tra mch in t mch MDA ln mt c.

Kim tra cun focus (dng thang ohm o khong 7.5 ohm), hoc dng thang
Rx 1 kch vo th vt knh s dch ln xung Tt ( xem Hinh 07).

Kim tra ngun cp cho mch MDA v mch MDA Focus c chp, t khng.

112

www.lqv77.com

Hnh 7

Kim tra mch Focus servo : Kim tra cc tn hiu lin quan n mch Focus
servo nh minh ho mc 4, cng cc im sau :
o Kim tra ngun cung cp Vcc.
o

Kim tra tn hiu m laser diode LD ON.

Kim tra dng sng RFout ti ng ra mch RFAMP.

Kim tra tn hiu nhn din RF (RF.DET). Nu ng vi mc tch cc

th c tn hiu RF ng ra.

6.1.2

Cch sa cha v thay th :

Khi cun focus b hng ta ch vic thay khi Laser pickup Xem bi trc.
Khi khng c ngun cp cho mch MDA Focus cn kim tra li mch MDA c
chm chp hay hng IC khng thay IC. Nu IC cn tt kim tra li ngun cp
ngun v sa cha thay th. (xem bi MDA Focus).

Khi mch Focus servo c s c ta kim tra cc im trn, nu khng c tin hnh
thay IC.

6. 2 Cm thu knh dch chuyn khng n nh:

Vi hin tng ny c thng thng c th hng do:

Hng cun hi t, tin hnh kim tra nh phn trn.

113

www.lqv77.com
Hng hoc mch MDA hot ng khng n inh, tin hnh kim tra mch MDA
v ngun cp (xem bi mch MDA focus).

Dng tn hiu ra t mch mch focus Servo n mch MDA sai hoc do cc tn
hiu lin quan n mch Servo sai ta cn kim tra cc tn hiu lin quan nh
phn tch phn 4.

Hng IC Thay IC.

6.3 Thc hnh cc bi tp gi li c bn cc my CD/VCD gi li do GV dy thc hnh
nh li v tin hnh lm bi tp theo cc bc sau:

Vn hnh my v quan st hin tng.

Nhn nh hin tng h hng xy ra trn my.

So snh vi cc hin tng h hng c bn nu trong bi ny.

Tin hnh kim tra mch focus Servo v s mch in ca my c th ti

xng thc hnh v theo nI dung minh ho trong bi hc.

a ra kt lun nguyn nhn h hng, v tr h hng.

Tin hnh sa cha v thay th

114