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BI 17
TN BI : GII M TN HIU RGB V VIDEO.AMP
M BI : HCO 01 22 17
Gii thiu :
y l bi hc gii thiu v mch gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp cc my CD/VCD.
Bao gm: S chc nng, nhim v v nguyn l hot ng ca mch.. ng thi, hng
dn hc sinh thc hnh v cc ni dung: Chn on, kim tra, sa cha v thay th cc linh
kin h hng lin quan n mch gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp ca my CD/VCD.

Mc tiu thc hin: Gip cho hc vin c kh nng

1. Trnh by c s khi chc nng v nhim v ca mch gii m tn hiu RGB v
Video.Amp.
2. Trnh by c nguyn l hot ng ca mch gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp.
3. Chn on, kim tra v sa cha c nhng h hng ca mch gii m tn hiu RGB
v Video.Amp.

Ni dung chnh:
Bao gm cc vn chnh sau:
1.
2.
3.

S khi chc nng v nhim v ca mch gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp

Nguyn l hot ng ca mch gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp
Hin tng, nguyn nhn v cch khc phc nhng h hng ca mch gii m tn hiu
RGB v Video.Amp
Cc hnh thc hc tp:
I.

NGHE THUYT TRNH TRN LP C THO LUN

1. S khi chc nng v nhim v ca mch gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp:

Tu thuc ng ra d liu Video ca mch gii m nn video l R-G-B hay YCrCb m
ng vo ca khi gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp s nhn d liu tng ng. V cc tn
hiu cp cho khi gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp lun lun l tn hiu di dng s.
Do , c tnh tng qut, ta c s khi chc nng chung nh sau:
1.1. S khi chc nng: (Hnh 1-1)

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MPEG

VCLK

DATA Y Cr
Cb

Data R,G,B

Cht
(Latch)

Chuyn
RGB
sang
Y Cr Cb

RGB OSD

CrCb

Lc
To tn
hiu
mu C

iu
chnh
mc Y

To sng
mang mu
ph

Lc C

Lc Y

Khi giI m RGB & VID.Amp

H.sync,
Vsync, Busrt

Trn
(Y+C)
V ghp
xung
ng b
Sync

Chuyn
i s
dang
tng
t DAC
V
khuch
i m

C Out

Y Out

Video Out

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Hnh 1-1: S khi chc nng v nhim v ca mch gii m tn hiu RGB

1.2. Nhim v ca cc khi:

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Mch cht d liu (Latch): Nhn 1 trong 2 dng d liu song song l (R, G, B) hoc
(Y, Cr, Cb). Tu thuc cu to ca 1 my c th m c s bit khc nhau cho cc tn
hiu. C th l 24 bit R, G, B (4:4:4) v 16 bit Y Cr Cb (4:2:2). Cc Data ny c
ng b bi tn hiu VCLK.

Mch chuyn i R, G, B sang YCrCb: Thc hin chuyn i khi tn hiu vo l R, G,

B.

Mch RGB_OSD: Cp tn hiu hin th.

Mach lc CrCb: Tch ly Cr Cb.

Mch iu chnh mc Y v to tn hiu mu C: Thc hin iu chnh mc Y v to tn

ra hiu mu C t 2 tn hiu mu Cr v Cb.

Lc Y v Lc C: Lc C thc cht y chnh l qu trnh iu ch tn hiu mu C.

Trn Y, C v ghp xung ng b: y l qu trnh trn Y+C v gho xung ng b

V.sync, Hsync v Busrt mu.

DAC: Thc hin chuyn i tn hiu Video di dng s sang tng t c c

cc tn hiu hnh tng hp (VCBS) v cc tn hiu Y, C cp cho ng vo ca my thu
hnh.

2. Nguyn l hot ng ca mch gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp:

hiu r nguyn l hot ng ca mch ta hy xem mt mch thc t dng IC_
BU1425AK dng nhiu trong cc my CD/ VCD ca hng JVC lm v d:
2.1. S khi chc nng bn trong IC: (Hnh 2.1-1)
2.2. Nguyn l hot ng ca mch gii m tn hiu RGB dng IC _ BU1425AK:

Nhm ngun cp: Gm cc chn

Chn 30, 46 / 9, 21 Digital Vdd/ GND: cp ngun/Mass cho cc mch s.
Chn 31, 61 / 43 I/O Vdd / GND: cp ngun/Mass cho cc mch vo/ra.
Chn 41 PVdd: Cp ngun cho mch DAC.
Chn 38 VGND: Mass cho ng ra Video (VCBS. GND).
Chn 36 CGND: Mass cho ng ra Chroma.
Chn 44 Y GND: Mass cho ng ra chi Y.

Nhm tn hiu vo bao gm: c gii thiu tm tt nh bng di (Hnh 2.2-0)

3 tn hiu RGB, mi tn hiu c 8bit.
Tn hiu Data mu Green t GD0 GD7 tng ng cc chn 2-3-4-5-6-7-8-10.
Tn hiu Data mu Blue t BD0 BD7 tng ng cc chn (xem mch).
Tn hiu Data mu Red t RD0 RD7 tng ng cc chn (xem mch).

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Hnh 2.1-1: S khi chc nng trong IC _ BU1425AK

3 tn hiu YcrCb ng vi chun ly mu (4:2:2)
Tn hiu chi Y c 8 bit.
Tn hiu chi Cr c 4 bit.
Tn hiu chi Cb c 4 bit.

Nhm tn hiu vo hin th B-OSD, G-OSD, R-OSD a vo cc chn 1, 64, 57.

Vic cho php hin th hay khng thng qua chn 15 OSD SW.

Vic chn tn hiu vo l RGB hay YcrCb c thc hin thng qua chn chn
Mode IM1 v IM0 nh bng trng thI (Hnh 2.2-1 v 2.2-2) v ng ra tn hiu TV
cp cho mch DAC c phn giI l 9 bit trong 8 bit Data v 1 bit hin th vi
mu tng ng (hnh 2.1-2).

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Hnh 2.2-0: Gii thiu nhm D liu Video vo.

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(Hnh 2.2-1): iu khin chn ngun d liu vo

(Hnh 2.2-2):

Tn hiu ng b tn hiu hnh VCLK t mch MPEG vo chn 51 dng iu

khin mch cht ng b d liu RGB in, ng thi cp cho mch nh thi bn
trong IC lm tham chiu to xung CLK c tn s = 1/2VCLK hoc = VCLK.
(Xem hnh 2.2-3a v b). v vic chuyn i ny thng qua chn 53 - CLK SW.

Tn hiu to sng mang mu ph (Sub-carrier (burst) frequency) c to ra t

tn s ni ngay bn trong IC. Do vic chuyn i h mu khng ph thuc vo
ngun d liu pht (a).

Cc chn ng b HSY (Hsync) v VSY (Vsync) chn 28, 27. y l 2 chn

to nhn/cp (In/Out) tn s qut ngang dc to tn hiu hnh tng ng l tn
hiu h truyn mu PAL/NTSC c cc chun qut khc nhau.
Hai chn ny c th l nhn tn hiu vo (HSYin v VSYin) t khi MPEG
khi chn 33 SLABEB = L tng ng Mode Slave HSY ng vai tr tham
chiu cho VCLK v BCLK (tn s trong ca IC). Ngc li th 2 chn ny l chn
ra HSY out v VSY out cp cho khi MPEG.

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Hnh 2.2-3a Xung CLK bn trong = 1/2 VLCK khi CLK SW = L

Hnh 2.2-3b Xung CLK bn trong = 1/2 VLCK khi CLK SW = H

Nhm tn hiu ra gm cc chn:

Chn 37: C Out , ng ra tn hiu mu.
Chn 45: Y out, ng ra tn hiu chi.
Chn 39: VCBS Out ng ra tn hiu Video tng hp.
Dng tn hiu ra ti cc chn ny khi dung a pht sc mu chun c dng nh
sau (Hnh 2.2-4).

Vic chn tn hiu mu ng ra l PAL hay NTSC c thc hin thng qua
chn 22 (PAL/NTSC).

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Hnh 2.2-4: Dng sng ti cc ng ra ca cc tn hiu Video out, Y out, Chroma out.
2.3. Gii thiu s mch in thc t dng IC giI m RGB (BU1425AK):
2.3.1.
S mch nguyn l: (hnh 2.3a, b)
2.3.2. Phn tch mch in: Vic phn tch mch in xem nh l bi tp mu dnh
cho hc sinh. Trn c s phn tch mc 1 & 2.
2.3.3.
Lu : Trong mch:
+

Khi to tn hiu hin th RGB-OSD cp cho IC _ giI m RGB & VID.Amp l

IC 151.
D liu cp cho IC_giI m RGB & VID.Amp l YCrCb (4:2:2) v l dng data

song song 8 bit ch khng phI l 16 bit.

Cc ng data vo ra v cc tn hiu iu khin c ch thch bng cc

mi tn v nh du ch nht ti cc chn ca cc IC.

Cc tn hiu ra c a thng n cac jack Video Out, v Y.out, C.out v

c kim tra ti cc im Test: TP102, TP101, Tp103.

Dng tn hiu ra c dng nh trnh by mc trn.

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Hnh 2.3a: S mch nguyn l mch giI m RGB.

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Hnh 2.3a: S mch nguyn l mch giI m RGB.

II. T NGHIN CU TI LIU LIN QUAN V THO LUN NH
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1. c cc tI liu ca s dn trI my CD\VCD ca D n GD dy ngh trang
b ti xng thc hnh.
2. Tham kho sch Tm hng v sa cha u my CD, LD, DVD, CD_ROM,
VCD ca - K s Nguyn Minh Gip.
3. Tham kho sch COMPACT DISC PLAYER - Nguyn l v cn bn sa cha,
tp I, II ca K s Phm nh Bo.
4. Tho lun v t hc thuc cc thut ng vit tt v mch gii m tn hiu RGB v
5.

Video.Amp trong my VCD/VCD.

T nghin cu v tho lun s mch gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp

6.

trong my VCD/VCD ca cc hng sn xut.

c v nghin cu cc s mch nguyn l mch gii m tn hiu RGB v

7.

Video.Amp trong my VCD/VCD thng dng.

Tp phn tch, tho lun v tm lc cc ng tn hiu lin quan n mch gii
m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp trong my VCD/VCD.

3.

III. THC TP TI XNG

Kho st v phn tch mch gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp trn my CD/VCD thc
t:
3.1. Cung cp ti liu lin quan n mch gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp ca my
ang thc hnh ti xng: Bao gm.
S khi lin lc tng th gia cc khi chc nng ca hng sn xut.
S mch in nguyn l ( Schematic Diagram) mch gii m tn hiu RGB v
Video.Amp.
Bng tm tt cc thng s k thut quan trng do hng sn xut cung cp, hoc c
th hin ngay trn Schematic Diagram.
Cc ti liu h tr khc (nu c).
3.2. Hng dn thc hnh kho st v phn tch:
Gm cc bc sau:
Hng dn c v Phn tch S khi lin lc tng th gia mch gii m tn hiu
RGB v Video.Ampvi cc khi chc nng.
Hng dn c v Phn tch s mch nguyn l (Schematic Diagram).
Hng dn cch v s lin lc tm tt nh s khi chc nng phn u ca
bi ny. (nu khng c th s dng ngay ti liu s khi lin lc ca hng sn
xut).
Hng dn cch d mch in v cch o cc thng s in p v dng tn hiu
trn my so vi cc thng s chun trn Schematic ca my.
Sau y s gii thiu my VCD ca Trung Quc thng dng ti thi trng
minh ho cho cc bc nu trn :

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Cung cp ti liu:
Cho s lin lc tng th nh (Hnh 3.2-1)
Cho s mch in nguyn l nh ( Hnh 3.2-1).
Cc thng s k thut c th hin ngay trn Schematic Diagram.

Hnh 3.1-1: S lin lc tng th

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Hnh 3.1-1: S mch in nguyn l mch gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp

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3.2.1.

Hng dn c v Phn tch S khi lin lc tng th:

Gio vin dy thc hnh hng dn cho hc sinh theo s minh ho v my

ang thc hnh
3.2.2. Hng dn c v Phn tch s mch nguyn l (Schematic Diagram):
Trn c s s lin lc tng th gia cc khi chc nng ta bt u c v phn
tch s mch nguyn l.
Da vo ni dung ca cc mc nu trn phn tch mch.
3.2.3. Hng dn cch to s lin lc tm tt nh s khi chc nng phn u
ca bi ny. (nu khng c th s dng ngay ti liu s khi lin lc ca hng
sn xut):
Ban u khi mi lm quen ta nn t mnh v li s lin lc tm sau khi nm chc
cc k hiu chn (thut ng) v chc nng ca cc chn bng cch phin qua ting vit.
Sau khi quen thuc ta nn khai thc trc tip phn s khi lin lc ca hng sn xut
v ch lp li thao tc ny khi ta gp my khng c y ti liu.
3.2.4. Hng dn cch d mch in v cch o cc thng s in p v dng tn hiu
trn my so vi cc thng s chun trn Schematic ca my:
Cch d mch in: bng cch xc nh cc khi chc nng thng qua cc linh
kin d nhn bit, hoc thng qua m vng ca mch, hoc thng qua cc trm
lin lc nh trm dy lin lc vi bn phm, hoc lin lc vi IC nh, hoc
chnh m s ca IC. Sau khi xc nh vng mch, bo ,bo mch, ta ln lt d
mch theo tng nhm lin lc nh s khi tng qut.
Cch o cc thng s in p v dng tn hiu:
Da vo bng thng s ca hng hoc da vo chc nng ca cc chn
m ta bit n thuc loi Data, xung Clock, hay tn hiu logic, hay p DC m chn
dung c o l My hin sng hay VOM hoc DMM.
Trong mch ta c cc ng nh : DATA in, VCLK, HSY, VSY, Yout,
VIDEO.out.
3.3. Tho lun cc hin tng h hng c bn c th xy ra ra theo nhm:
Gm cc hin sau:
m thanh bnh thng mt hnh.
m thanh bnh thng Hnh km cht lng (Sc caro, git).
4. Chn on, kim tra v sa cha gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp trong my
CD/VCD:
Hin tng h hng y ta ch quan tm n phn do mch gii m tn hiu RGB v
Video.Amp gy ra. Do , ta cn quan tm n cc iu kin gii m tn hiu RGB v
Video.Amp hot ng. Sau y s l mt s hng dn v gi phn tch theo hin tng trn
mt cch bao qut, tu vo kt cu ca tng my c th m v tr kim tra cng nh mt s
chc nng m trn mi my s khc nhau.
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Lu : Mt s my vi kh nng tch hp cao ca vi mch m c th mch gii m tn
hiu RGB v Video.Amp c tch hp ngay trong IC MPEG nh IC: CL8830A-B1, ES3890F...
Lc ny ta quan tm ch yu n cc ng ngun cp/t Vdd/GND cho khi DAC bn trong,
cc tn hiu iu khin (nu c) v ng tn hiu ra (Video out, Yout v Cout).
4.1. m thanh bnh thng mt hnh:
m thanh bnh thng chng t IC _MPEG hot ng bnh thng. Ch c th ri
vo mch gii m RGB. Ta kim tr theo th t sau:
Trng dng IC_ giI m RGB ring:
Kim tra ngun cp cho mch gii m tn hiu RGB v Video.Amp.
Kim tra bng thng dng Bus DATA in cp cho mch gii m tn hiu RGB v
Video.Amp c t h g khng.
Kim tra VCK.
Kim tra cc ng tn hiu ra Video Out v cc linh kin trn ng ra.
Nu u m bo Hng IC giI m RGB.
Trng mch giI m RGB nm trong IC PMEG:
Kim tra ngun cp v Mass Mch DAC c bnh thng khng (ng p chun
khng) nu khng bnh thng hng khi DAC bn trong hoc cc mch khc
bn trong.
Kim tra cc ng tn hiu ra Video Out v cc linh kin trn ng ra c t h
hay h hng g khng. nu khng Hng IC khi giI m RGB bn trong IC
MPEG Thay IC tng ng hoc ng loi hoc thay nguyn bo VCD.
4.2. m thanh bnh thng Hnh km cht lng (Sc caro, git).
m thanh bnh thng chng t IC _MPEG hot ng bnh thng. Ch c th ri
vo mch gii m RGB. V y l trng hp hnh nh b km cht lng.
Ta kim theo th t ng lin quan nh : Ngun cung cp cho mch DAC c
v t cht lng khng. Mass c tt khng, cc tn hiu iu khin nh HSY, VSY, cc
mch lc thng thp trn ng ra jack Video out, cc diode ghim ... c r r t khng.
Nu tt Hng IC gii nn.

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