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fsiqoanalizi
fsiqoanalizis Sesavali
fsiqoanalizis Sesaxeb
I.
maSin rodesac froidi Sublze xels daadebT. amgvarad froidi igebda yvelafers
rac iyo saWiro daviwyebul paTogenur scenebsa da maT Semdgom darCenil
simptomebs Soris arsebuli kavSirebis damyarebisaTvis. magram misive sityvebiT es
iyo Zalian damRleli da araefeqturi procedura.
Tumca man ar miatova es meTodi, sanam garkveuli saxis daskvnebamde ar
mivida. froidi amtkicebs rom daviwyebuli mogonebebi ar gamqrala. avamdyofi jer
kidev flobda am mogonebebs da isini mzad iyvnen asociaciuri kavSiris
damyarebisaTvis imasTan rac avadmyofma ukve icis, magram garkveuli Zala
ewinaaRmdegeboda imas, rom isini gacnobierebuliyvnen da aiZulebda maT isev
aracnobierSi
darCeniliyvnen.
am
Zalis
arseboba
SeiZleboda
savsebiT
dadasturebuliyo, vinaidan misTvis damaxasiaTebeli daZabulobis SegrZneba
SesaZlebeli iyo gansakuTrebiT maSin, rodesac mis sapirispirod aracnobieri
mogonebebis cnobierSi gadatanis mcdeloba mimdinareobs. SesaZlebeli iyo im
Zalis SegrZneba romelic avadmyofur mdgomareobas inarCunebda, es iyo avamdyofis
winaaRmdegoba.
swored winaaRmdegobis ideaze dafuZnebiT aago froidma Tavisi warmodgena
isteriisaTvis
damaxasiaTebeli
fsiqikuri
procesebis
gageba.
gamojanmrTelebisaTvis aucilebeli aRmoCnda am winaaRmdegobis ganadgureba. igive
Zalebi rac amjerad ewinaaRmdegebian daviwyebulis cnobierSi gadasvlas, Tavis
droze es daviwyeba ganapirobes da gandevnes cnobieridan Sesabamisi paTogenuri
gancdebi. am savaraudo process froidma uwoda gandevna da ganixilavda mas
rogorc damtkicebuls winaaRmdegobis udavo arsebobis Tanaxmad.
froidi saubrobs xanmokle konfliqtis Sesaxeb romelic aRmocendeba yvela
am gancdidan gamomdinare warmoSobili survilebis Sesaxeb, es survilebi ki
xSirad ewinaaRmdegebian erTmaneTs da warmoiSoba xanmokle konfliqti. am Sinagani
brZolis Sedegs warmoadgens is, rom am Seusabamo survilis matarebeli
warmodgena cnobierebidan gandevnas eqvemdebareba yvela misTvis damaxasiaTebeli
mogonebebis TanxlebiT.
froids aseve moyavs erT-erTi Tavisi pacientis magaliTi, romelic sakuTari
siZisadmi aris siyvaruliT aRsavse da gardacvlili dis sasTumalTan gaifiqrebs:
ai exla ki mas SeuZlia momiyvanos colad, Tavisufalia. da romelsac Semdeg
emarTeba isteriuli Seteva da avad xdeba.
froids moyavs umartivesi magaliTi gandevnis meqanizmisa da adarebs mas
leqciis
msvlelobas,
romlis
drosac
xmauriani
individi
gandevnilia
auditoriidan da is ori pirovneba vinc is gandevna karebTan sxdebian da misTvis
winaaRmdegobas qmnian auditoriaSi xelmeored SemoRwevis dabrkolebis saxiT.
Tuki fsiqologiis terminebiT sivrce auditoriis SigniT da gareT moiazreba
cnobierebiTa da aracnobieriT, maSin sruliad naTlad iqneba Semqnili gandevnis
procesis gamosaxuleba.
swored amaSi mdgomareobs froidiseuli fsiqikis ganxeTqilebisa da Janes
Sexedulebebs Soris. ara sinTezis Tandayolili ukmarisobiT sulieri aparatis
mxridan,
aramed
es
ganxeTqileba
aixsneba
dinamiurad,
rogorc
urTierTdapirispirebuli sulieri Zalebis konfliqti.
froidi miiCnevs warumateblad breieris pacientis SemTxvevis ganxilvas
rogorc gandevnis faqtisa. avadmyofobis es istoria miRebulia hipnoturi
zemoqmedebiT, amitom amisaTvis ar gamodgeba. froidis sityvebiT mxolod maSin
rodesac hipnozi iqneba gamoricxuli SesaZlebelia winaaRmdegobisa da gandevnis
SemCneva da iqneba miRebuli namdvilad marTebuli warmodgena paTogenur
procesTan dakavSirebiT.
yvelaze faseuli, rac aris miRebuli breieriseuli dakvirvebidan, es aris
daskvnebi simptomebisa da paTogenuri gancdebTan an fsiqikur travmebTan arsebuli
kavSirebis Sesaxeb da es kavSiri unda Sefasdes gandevnis gadmosaxedidan.
isterikosebisa da sxva nevrotikebis kvlevas mivyavarT daskvnamde, rom maT
ver SeZles im ideis gandevna romelsac ukavSirdeba Seusabamo survilis arseboba.
6
.
froidi ixsenebs anekdots, ori mzakvris Sesaxeb, vinc TavianT protretebs
SeukveTavs Zvirad Rirebul mxatvrebs da Semdeg kritikoss xalxiT savse darbazSi
azris gamoTqmas sTxoven. is Tavs iqnevs da iZaxis ki magram sad aris macxovari?
swored msgavsi kostelacia warmoadgens im mizezs, rom pacienti daviwyebuli
mosaZiebeli masalis nacvlad ixsenebs metnaklebad damaxinjebul Canacvlebas.
froidi amtkicebs rom sruliad marTebulia erTi afeqtiT dakavSirebul
warmodgenaTa
jgufs
vuwodoT
kompleqsi,
ciurixis
skolis
magaliTze
dayrdnobiT (bleileri da iungi da a. S.). froidi amodis im mosazrebidan, rom
Tuki gandevnili kompleqsis ZiebaSi daveyrdnobiT im ukanasknel mosazrebas,
romelsac gamoTqvams avadmyofi, SesaZlebelia viqonioT imedi daviwyebuli
kompleqsis moZiebisa, Tuki avadmyofi azrebis dinebaSi am Tavisufal azrTa sakmao
7
avadmyofofbis
mizezebis
Seswavlis mecniereba / kvleva.) froidi aRniSnavs, rom is mkvlevarebic ki vinc
eTanxmebian mas fsiqologiur samuSaoebTan dakavSirebiT, orWofoben seqsualuri
faqtoris mizezobrivobasTan dakavSirebiT avadmyofobis aRmocenebis SemTxvevaSi
da usvamdnen mas (froids) kiTxvas Tu ratom ar SeiZleboda rom gandevnisa da
Canacvlebis mizezad sxva sulieri gancdebi ar yofiliyvnen. razec froidi
pasuxobs, rom winaaRmdegi ar iqneboda rom ase yofiliyo, magram gamocdileba
aCvenebs am motivebis mniSvneloba ar aris iseTive, ufro metic, isini seqsualuri
motivebis moqmedebas exmarebian, magram verasodes ver axdenen maT Canacvlebas.
froidi xazs usvams im faqts, rom seqsualuri motivebi yovelTvis
saidumloebiT moculia da pacientebs arasodes ar surT maTi gamxela, isini xSir
SemTxvevaSi styuian, rac zogadad miRebulia kulturul sazogadoebaSi. yvela
cdilobs dafaros sakuTari erotika.
10
13
sqesobrivi
TvalsazrisiT
moumwifebeli
pirebi
rogorc
aqedan gamomdinare gaxda cnobili rom simptomebi warmoadgenen Tavis Tavad swrafvebis
Canacvlebas, romlebic Tavis Zalas poveben seqsualuri ltolvis wyaroebSi.
isteriul xasiaTSi vlindeba garkveuli donis seqsualuri gandevna, romelic normaluris
farglebs scildeba, am SemTxvevaSi amaRlebulia winaaRmdegoba seqsualuri ltolvis mimarT,
rac cnobilia CvenTvis rogorc sircxvili, zizRi, morali, da erTgvari instinqturi Tavis
daRweva seqsualuri problemis Sesaxeb inteleqtualuri saubrebisagan, rac gamoxatulia sruli
umecrebiT seqsualuris Sesaxeb sqesobrivi mowifulobis asakis miRwevis periodSic ki.
ltolvis moTxovnisa da uaryofis ukuqmedebidan gamomdinare konfliqti povebs
gamosavals avadmyofobaSi, romelic ver axdens kofliqtis gadawyvetas, aramed cdilobs misgan
(gadawyvetisagan) daaRwios Tavi rasac axdens libidonozuri ltolvis gardasaxviT simptomSi.
Tuki isteriuli adamiani, avad xdeba garkveuli banaluri sulieri xdomilobis gamo, im
konfliqtidan gamomdinare romlis centrSic ar imyofeba seqsualuri interesi, amgvari tipis
gamonaklisi mxolod moCvenebiTia. am SemTxvevaSi fsiqoanalizs yovelTvis SeuZlia daadasturos
rom konfliqtis mxolod seqsualuri komponenti qmnis avadmyofobis SesaZleblobas.
nevrozi da perversia
fsiqoanalizi gviCvenebs, rom simptomebi ar aRmocendeba normaluri seqsualuri ltolvis
xarjze, aramed warmoadgenen ltolvebis konvertirebul gamoxatulebas, es ltolvebi
SesaZlebelia iyvnen saxeldebuli rogorc pervertirebulebi, rom yofiliyo SesaZlebeli maTi
gamovlena cnobierebaSi uSualod da qmedebebSic. simptomebi aqedan gamomdinare warmoiqmneba
aranormaluri seqsualobis xarjze: nevrozi perversiis negativs warmoadgens.
fsiqonevrotikebis seqsualur cxovrebaSi SesaZlebelia Segvxvdes yvela is gadaxra,
romelic ganvixileT normaluri seqsualuri cxovrebis variaciebis saxiT da aseve rogorc
avadmyofuris gamovilnebanic:
a) yvela nevrotiks (gamonaklisis gareSe) aracnobier sulier cxovrebaSi inversiisadmi
ltolva gaaCnia, libidos fiqsacia Tavisive sqesis pirovnebaze.
b) yvela fsiqonevrotiks isev aracnobierSi SesaZlebelia aRmoaCndes gansxvavebuli saxis
midrekileba anatomiuri farglebis gadalaxvis mimarT. maT Soris yvelaze xSiria da intensiuri
iseTi tipis rogoricaa genitaliebis rolis gadatana piris lorwovan garsze da ukana nawilze;
g) gansakuTrebul rols ikavebs fsiqonevrozebis SemTxvevaSi sapirispiro wyvilebis saxiT
gamovlenili ltolvebi (Partialtriebe), esenia axali seqsualuri miznebis matareblebi:
ltolva TvalTvalisa da eqsgibicionizmisadmi, aseve aqtiurad da pasiurad gamovlenili
ltolva daundoblobisadmi. swored am kavSiridan gamomdinare libidosa da daundoblobis
xdeba siyvarulis gadasvla siZulvilSi, nazi sulieri grZnobebis dapirispirebulisadmi, rac
damaxasiaTebulia nevrotuli SemTxvevebis umravlesobisaTvis.
froidis aRniSnavs aseve rom iq sadac aracnobierSi vlindeba iseTi ltolva romelic
SesaZlebelia arsebobdes raimesTan wyvilSi (sapirispirosTan), aucileblad iarsebebs is
sapirispiro ltolvac. nebismieri aqtiuri perversia Tanmxlebia misi pasiuri wyviliTac; vinc
aracnobierSi eqsgibicionistia, is amavdroulad TvalTvalis moyvarulic aris (voyeur).
calkeuli ltolvebi da erogenuli zonebi
froidi ganmartavs rom ltolvis qveS igulisxmeba im mudmivi Sidasomaturi
gaRizianebis wyaros fsiqikuri warmomadgenloba romelic gansxvavdeba gaRizianebisagan,
romelic miiReba calkeuli gare gamRizianeblebisagan. aqedan gamomdinare ltolva aris is rac
ganasxvavebs suliers sxeulebrivisagan.
ltolvis wyaros warmoadgens gaRizianebis garkveuli procesi raime organoSi da
ltolvis uaxloes mizans warmoadgens am gaRizianebis aRkveTa.
Semdgomi varaudi ltolvebis Sesaxeb arsebul swavlebSi exeva im faqts, rom sxeulis
organoebi ormagi saxis gaRizianebas iZlevian, romelic ganpirobebulia maTi qimiuri bunebidan
20
SemTxvevaSi
perversiuli
seqsualurobis
moCvenebiTi
infantiluri amnezia
21
froidi xazs usvams erT-erT fsiqikur fenomens, romelsac uwodebs Tavisebur amnezias.
es movlena vrceldeba 6, 8 wlamde asakze umetes SemTxvevebSi (magram ara yvela SemTxvevaSi).
amave dros fsiqologiuri gamokvlevebis warmoebis SemTxvevaSi davrwmundebiT, rom is
STabeWdilebebi, romelic Cven faqtiurad daviwyebuli gvaqvs, toveben kvals Cvens sulier
cxovrebaSi da axdenen gadamwyvet zegavlenas Cvens momdevno ganviTarebaze. saubari aris iseTi
tipis amneziaze, romelsac adgili aqvs nevrotikebis SemTxvevaSi da romlis arsic mdgomareobs
imaSi, rom ar moxdes am STabeWdilebebis cnobierebaSi daSveba (moxdes gandevna).
garkveulwilad kavSiri myardeba nevrotikebisa da bavSvebis sulier cxovrebas Soris.
froidi xazs usvams im faqts rom arsebobs bevri movlena romelic SemdgomSi adamians
aviwydeba, magram sxvebze warmoebuli fsiqologiuri kvlevidan gamomdinare SesaZlebelia
davrwmundeT, rom swored is STabeWdilebani romlebic dagvaviwyda, sakmaod did zegavlenas
axdenen Cvens sulier cxovrebaze da gadamwyveti mniSvnelobis iyvnen Cveni momdevno
ganviTarebisaTvis. aq saubaria ara im SemTxvevaze rodesac sruliad ikargeba mexsiereba, aramed
amneziis Sesaxeb, romelic SeimCneba nevrotikebTan da romlis arsic mdgomareobs imaSi, rom ar
moxdes cnobierebaSi daSveba (gandevna moxdes).
amasTanave froidi xazs usvams im faqts, rom infantiluri amneziis arsebobakidev erT
kavSirs ganapirobebs fsiqonevrotikisa da bavSvis sulieri cxovrebis Sedarebisas. Cven ukve
ganvixileT sxva saxis kavSiri, rodesac saubari gvqonda im formulasTan dakavSirebiT, romlis
mixedviTac fsiqonevrotikis seqsualuroba bavSvur safexurzea SenarCunebuli an ubralod
daubrunda am stadias.
froidi Tvlis rom infantiluri amnezias, romelic faravs adamianisaTvis mis bavSvobas
da misive sqesobrivi cxovrebis dasawyiss, gamomdinareobs im faqtidan, rom zogadad bavSvobis
asaks saerTod ar aniWeben mniSvnelobas seqsualuri cxovrebis ganviTarebis TvalsazrisiT.
bavSvobis latenturi seqsualuri periodi da misi darRvevebi
froidi saubrobs imis Sesaxeb rom bavSvs dabadebidanve Tan axlavs seqsualuri cxovrebis
Canasaxebi da am Canasaxebis ganviTareba garkveul periodSi iTrguneba, xolo SemdgomSi xdeba am
dabrkolebis garRveva momdevno seqsualuri ganviTarebiT, romelic SesaZlebelia iyos
Sekavebuli individualuri maxasiaTeblebidan gamomdinare. am oscilirebadi ganviTarebis
Sesaxeb cota ram aris cnobili, magram 3, 4 wlis bavSvebis seqsualuri cxovreba vlindeba
dakvirvebisaTvis misawvdomi formebiT.
seqsualuri Sekavebani/dabrkolebebi
am periodSi yalibdeba iseTi sulieri Zalebi, romlebic SemdgomSi aviwroveben seqsualur
ltolvas (sircxvilis SegrZneba, zizRi, idealis esTeturi da moraluri moTxovnilebebi).
saamisod kulturuli bavSvis SemTxvevaSi didi mniSvnelobis mqonea aRzrdis momenti. magram
sinamdvileSi es ganviTareba aseve ganpirobebulia organuladac da aRzrdis gareSec miiRweva.
reaqtiuli warmonaqmnebi da sublimirebani
kulturis istorikosebi eTanxmebian im mosazrebas romlis Tanaxmadac seqsualuri
ltolvebis Zalebis gadaxra seqsualuri miznebisagan da maTi momarTuleba gansxvavebul
miznebze sublimirebis saxelwodebis mqone procesi, SesaZlebeli xdeba gansxvavebuli
kulturis saxeobebisaTvis saWiro komponentebis amoqmedeba.
iqidan gamomdinare, rom seqsualuri gancdebi ver pouloben TavianT gamoyenebas, vinaidan
gvaris gagrZelebis funqcia mogvianebiT Cndeba, isini arasasiamovno SegrZnebebs warmoSoben.
aqedan gamomdinare es SegrZnebebi sapirispiro sulier Zalebs iwveven (reaqtiul moZraobebs),
romlebic qmian Zlier fsiqikur safuZvels am arasasiamovno SegrZnebebis daTrgunvisaTvis,
rogoricaa zizRi, sircxvili da morali.
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da vlindebian seqsualur cxovrebaSi iseT dros, rodesac genitaliebs jer ar miuRiaT Tavisi
gviandeli daniSnuleba. is bavSvebi romlebic gamoirCevian cxovelebisadmi da megobrebisadmi
daundoblobiT, eWvs iwveven intensiuri seqsualuri qmedebis TvalsazrisiT.
infantiluri seqsualuri kvleva
Semecnebisadmi ltolva/swrafva
daaxloebiT im droisaTvis rodesac bavSvis seqsualuri cxovreba aRwevs Tavis pirvel
ganviTarebas/gadaSlas, 3-dan 5 wlamde, masSi aseve vlindeba is sawyisebi romelic miewereba
Semecnebisadmi da kvlevisadmi ltolvas. Semecnebisadmi ltolva mxolod seqsualurobas exeba.
misi qmedeba Seesabameba flobis sublimirebul xerxs, aseve meores mxriv is muSaobs rogorc
TvalTvalisadmi ltolvis energia (Schaulust).
sfinqsis amocana
bavSvis kvlevis moqmedebis muSaobas amoZravebs ara Teoriuli, aramed praqtikuli
interesebi. amis gamomwvevia meore bavSvis dabadebis SemTxvevaSi arsebuli SiSi, rom mas
daakldeba siTbo da siyvaruli. pirveli problema romelic mis winaSea wamoWrili ar exeba
sqesTa gansxvavebulobas, aramed sakiTxs: saidan warmoiSvebian bavSvebi?
varaudi imis Sesaxeb rom yvela adamiani aris erTi sqesis (ZiriTadad es mosazreba biWebs
gaaCniaT) warmoSobs Tavisi Sedegebidan gamomdinare mniSvnelovan infantilur seqsualur
Teorias. gogo mzad aris aRiaros is sxvaoba romelic arsebobs qalur da mamakacur sasqeso
organoebs Soris da masSi iRviZebs penisis mimarT adrec arsebuli Suri risgan
gamomdinareobs SemdgomSi mniSvnelobis mqone survili nebismieri gogos mxridan rom iyos
biWi.
dabadebis Teoria
froidi asaxelebs Teorias romlis mixedviTac bavSvebi warmoiSobian mas Semdeg rac xdeba
raime sakvebis miReba da SemdgomSi isini ibadebian saWmlis momnelebeli sistemidan.
seqsualuri urTierTobis sadisturi gageba
Tuki xdeba ise rom bavSvi xdeba zrdasrulebs Soris seqsualuri aqtis mowme, xSir
SemTxvevaSi is aRiqvams mas rogorc garkveuli saxis sadistur qmedebas Zaladobas, agresias
da a. S. saidanac gamomdinareobs varaudi rom bavSvs ar SeuZlia raime seqsualuri Sinaarsis
aRqma. fsiqoanalizi gvaZlevs saSualebas gavigoT rom msgavsi tipis naadrevi STabeWdileba
safuZvels iZleva rom mogvianebiT moxdes seqsualuri miznis sadisturi gadaxra.
bavSvuri seqsualuri kvlevis tipiuri warumatebloba
zogadad bavSvis seqsualuri Teoriebis Sesaxeb SeiZleba iTqvas, rom isini warmoadgenen
bavSvis seqsualuri konstituciis asaxvas.
bavSvebi sakmaod kargad amCneven im cvlilebebs romelic gamowveulia dedis orsulobiT
da zRapari weros Sesaxeb maTTvis ukve aRar JRers damajereblad. magram sakuTriv
ganayofierebis organos Sesaxeb bavSvi verasodes ver xvdeba, rac faqtiurad mTavrdeba imiT, rom
bavSvebis kvlevebi unayofo rCeba.
Tumca seqsualuri kvleva mniSvnelovan safexurs warmoadgens samyaroSi damoukidebeli
orientirebis pirveli nabijebis TvalsazrisiT.
seqsualuri organizaciis ganviTarebis fazebi
26
TviT-inicirebuli
eroticizmi.
miuxedavad imisa, rom masturbacia autoerotiuli aqtis klasikuri magaliTia, es
termini aseve gansxvavebuli qcevebisadmi da fiqrebisadmic gamoiyeneba, romelTac
seqsualuri elementebi gaaCniaT, fantaziis, sizmrebis CaTvliT da a. S.) qmedeba
msgavsia orive sqesis SemTxvevaSi da aqedan gamomdinare bavSvobaSi ar vlindeba sqesobrivi
sxvaoba. autoerotiuli da masturbaciuli seqsualuri gamovlinebebis gaTvaliswinebiT
SesaZlebeli iqneboda varaudi, rom patara gogonebis seqsualoba sakmaod mamakacuri xasiaTis
matarebelia. froidi aseve Tvlis rom libido yovelTvis mamakacuria, miuxedavad imisa vxvdebiT
mas mamakacTan Tu qalTan orive SemTxvevaSi.
mamakacisa da qalis wamyvani zonebi
froidi garda amisa kidev amatebs, rom mdedrobiTi sqesis bavSvis SemTxvevaSic erogenuli
zona mdebareobs klitorSi, aqedan gamomdinare is homologiuria gacis genitaliur zonasTan,
kacis sasqeso organos TavTan. (homologiuri 1) biologiuri struqturebi romlebic
struqturis tipiTa da warmoSobiT arian msgavsni, magram aucilebeli ar aris
qondeT msgavsi funqcia. cxenis wina fexi da Citis frTa homologiuri
struqturebia. es aris biollogis mier analogis gamoyenebis kontrasti, sadac
funqcia msgavsia, magram warmoSoba da struqtura gansxvavebulia, magaliTad
Citisa da futkris frTebi. 2) qceva, romelic msgavs kavSirs gamoxatavs,
magaliTad teritoriis SegrZneba babuinebTan homologiurad miiCneva homo
sapiensTa teritoriis SegrZnebasTan). yvelaferi rac ki froids SeeZlo gaego gogos
masturbaciasTan dakavSirebiT exeboda klitorsda ara garegani genitaliebis nawilebTan. froidi
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ambobs, rom visac surs patara gogos qalad Camoyalibebis gageba, man klitoris aRgznebis
ganviTareba unda Seiswavlos. sqesobrivi momwifebis periodi, romelic biWisaTvis libidos
mZlavr afeTqebas warmoadgens, gogosTan gandevnis axalis talRis saxiT vlindeba. amasTanave am
gandevnas mamakacis seqsualuri cxovrebis garkveuli nawilic eqvemdebareba. qalis gandevnis
safuZvelze aRmocenebuli seqsualuri Sekaveba mamakacis libidos gaRizianebas iwvevs da misi
seqsualuri qmedebis gaZlierebas iwvevs. libidos amaRleba seqsualuri gadafasebis gaZlierebas
iwvevs, romelic sruli saxiT SesaZlebelia mxolod sakuTari seqsualobis uarmyofi qalisadmi
gamovlindes. xSir SemTxvevaSi qali aris anesTetiuri. amgvari anesTezia SesaZlebelia didi xnis
ganmavlobaSi gagrZeldes, rodesac klitoris zona ar gadascems gaRizianebas. es ganpirobebulia
misi aqtiuri qmedebiT bavSvobis asakSi. cnobilia rom qalis anesTezia aris mxolod moCvenebiTi,
lokaluri. anesTeziis am erogenul mizezebs aseve uerTdeba fsiqikuri mizezebic, rac aseve
gandevniT aris ganpirobebuli.
Tuki erogenuli gaRizianebis gadatana SesaZlebeli aRmoCnda, qals is zona ecvleba,
romelic udides mniSvnelobas iZens momdevno seqsualur cxovrebaSi, xolo mamakacs
bavSvobidanve zona erTsa da imave adgilas aqvs. swored am wamyvani erogenuli zonis
gadanacvlebisa da aseve gandevnis talRis mizeziT, romelic sqesobrivi mowifulobis
asakisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli, upiratesad qalebis nevroziTa da isteriiT daavadebisadmi
midrekileba aixsneba. froidi Tvlis, rom es mizezebi rasakvirvelia qalurobis arsTan aris
mWidrod dakavSirebuli.
obieqtis povna
rodesac sqesobrivi mowifulobis periodSi yalibdeba genitaliuri zonis primate da
mamakacis sasqeso organos ereqcia axali seqsualuri miznis gaCenas ganapirobebs, fsiqikuri
TvalsazrisiT obieqtis povnis procesi moqmedebs, romlisadmi momzadebac adreuli bavSvobidanve
iwyeba. rodesac pirveli seqsualuri dakmayofileba sakvebis miRebasTan iyo kavSirSi,
seqsualuri ltolvis seqsualur obieqts dedis ZuZu warmoadgenda, romelic sakuTari sxeulis
gareT mdebareobda. rodesac xdeba misgan CamoSoreba sqesobrivi ltolva autoerotiul xasiaTs
iZens da mxolod latenturi periodis gadalaxvis Semdgom isev myardeba pirvandeli
damokidebuleba. obieqtis povna arsebiTad TavisTavad meorad Sexvedras warmoadgens.
seqsualuri obieqti yrmobis dros
mTeli latenturi periodis ganmavlobaSi bavSvi sxvebis siyvaruls swavlobs. maTi vinc
mas yvelanariad exlareba umweobis gadalaxvaSi, es urTierTobebis Tavis mxriv dedasTan yrmobis
asakSi arsebuli urTierTobebis gagrZelebas warmoadegnen.
froidis azriT bavSvis urTierToba mis dedasTan an ZiZasTan seqsaluri aRgznebisa da
erogenuli zonebis meSveobiT misi dakmayofilebis uwyvet wyaros warmoadgens. Cveulebriv e
saris deda romelic Tavismxriv bavSvis mimarT im grZnobebs ganicdis, rac misi seqsualuri
cxovrebidan aris warmomavali. is mas arwevs, efereba mas da ise kocnis rogorc srulfasovan
seqsualur obieqts. is Tavis qmedebebs ganixilavs rogorc seqsualuri sufTa siyvarulis
gamovlinebas, vinaidan is yvelanairad cdilobs bavSvis genitaliebSi aRgznebis gamowvevas Tavi
aaridos, ramdenadac es SesaZlebelia bavSvis movlisas. froidi amtkicebs imas, rom deda rom
acnobierebdes Tu raoden didi mniSvneloba aqvT ltolvebs sulieri cxovrebisaTvis, yvela
eTikuri da fsiqikuri gamovlinebebisaTvis, maSin yvelafris gacnobierebis Semdegac ki is
Tavisufali iqneboda sindisis qenjnisagan.
aseve frioidi Tvlis, rom zedmeti mSobliuri siyvaruli ra Tqma unda SesaZloa
mavnebelic ki iyos, vinaidan sqesobrivi momwifeba naadrevad iwyeba, aseve imitomac, rom es
bavSvs anebivrebs da aqveiTebs mis unars uaryos siyvaruli momdevno cxovrebaSi droebiT an misi
naklebi raodenobiT dakmayofildes.
infantiluri SiSi
33
37
iseve rogorc naadrevi mowifuloba unda iyos ganxiluli sxva momentebic, rac SeiZleba
iyos gaerTianebuli naadrev mowifulobasTan. rogorc Cans filogeneturad winaswar
ganpirobebulia Tu drois romel monakveTSi xdeba ama Tu im ltolvis gaaqtiureba. Tumca am
SemTxvevaSi variaciebsac aqvs adgili.
bavSvobaSi aRmocenebuli Zlieri ltolvebi xSir SemTxvevaSi ar warmoadgenen
saSiSroebas, im TvalsazrisiT rom samudamo Sedegis saxe SeiZleba qondeT. piriqiT,
SesaZlebelia vivaraudoT rom zrdasrulis xasiaTSi maT sruliad sapirispiro ltolvebi
Seenacvlebian.
simkveTre
am SemTxvevaSi froidi saubrobs seqsualuri cxovrebis adreuli gancdebisadmi Cveul
simkveTres, romelic SenarCunebuli aris xolme momdevno cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi.
am simkveTris axsna SesaZlebelia mdgomareobdes im faqtSi rom nevrozis mizezebis
axsnisas sulier cxovrebaSi ufro meti mniSvneloba eniWeba mogonebebs vidre axal
STabeWdilebebs. es momenti aseve damokidebulia inteleqtualur ganviaTrebaze.
fiqsacia
am SemTxvevaSi saubaria im masalis dafiqsirebaze romelic aris mocemuli bavSvobis
asakSi miRebuli gancdisas. (xSirad es aris is cduneba romelic modis mozardi bavSvebis
mxridan). SemdgomSi arsebuli gadaxrebis umetesi nawili (nevrotikebis an perversiulebis
seqsualur cxovrebaze aris saubari) mdgomareobs am TiTqos da seqsualurobisagan Tavisufali
periodis ganmavlobaSi miRebuli STabeWdilebidan gamomdinare.
Tumca froidi miiCnevs rom am kvlevebis nakli mdgomareobs imaSi rom sinamdileSi cota
ram aris cnobili seqsualurobis biologiuri procesebis Sesaxeb, romlic safuZvelzec Semdeg
iqneba SesaZlebeli iyos agebuli Teoria normalurisa da paTologiuris ufro kargi
gacnobierebisaTvis.
38
gogosTvis mZime Sedegebis mqone aRmoCena. is SemTxveviT aRmoaCens Tavisi Zmis an Tanatolis
did, advilad SesamCnev peniss, ganixilavs mas rogorc sakuTari patara dafaruli organos
mozrdil analogs dam as ipyrobs Suri penisis mimarT.
sainteresoa sapirispiro ganwyoba orive sqesis wamomadgenlis saqcielSi: analogiuri
SemTxvevisas, rodesac patara biWi pirvelad xedavs gogos genitaliebs, is yoymanobs, nakleb
interess avlens; is verafers ver xedavs an uaryofs Tavis aRqmas, is eZebs iseT mtkicebebs,
romlebic am aRqmas misi molodinis Sesabamisad Secvlian. mxolod mogvianebiT, rodesac masze
zemoqmedebas axdens kastraciis muqara, es dakvirveba misTvis wamyvan mniSvnelobas iZens: am
dakvirvebis gaxsenebam an xelaxalma dakvirvebam SesaZlebelia masSi afeqti gamoiwvios da
aiZulebs mas muqaris sinamdvile daijeros, romelsac aqamde ironiulad epyroboda. swored am
Tanaqmedebidan gamomdinareobs ori reaqcia, romelic SesaZlebelia dafiqsirdes da SemdgomSi
TiToeuli maTgani damoukideblad an erTdroulad ganapirobebdnen mis damokidebulebas qalis
mimarT: damaxinjebuli arsebis SiSi an mis mimarT siZulvili, romelic sakuTari aRmatebulobis
grZnobiT aris gamowveuli.
gansxvavebulad iqceva patara gogo. am SemTxvevaSi mosazrebisa da gadawyvetilebis miReba
momentaluria. is xedavd peniss, icis rom mas is ar aqvs da unda rom qondes.
swored aq iRebs saTaves qalisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli mamakacurobis kopleqsi, romelic zogierT
SemTxvevaSi did sirTuleebs warmoqmnis qalurobis ganviTarebisaTvis. mamakacTan gaTanabrebis
survili, penisis rodisme mainc mopovebis imediT, SesaZlebelia ucnauri saqcielis motivad
gadaiqces Tuki misi drouli daZleva ver moxerxda. an iwyeba procesi, romelsac froidi
uwodebs uaryofas, bavSvis sulier cxovrebaSi es procesi xSiria da ar warmoadgens did
saSiSroebas, magram zrdasrulis SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia is fsiqozis amsaxveli gaxdes. gogo
uaryofs Tavisi kastraciis faqts, mas sjera rom gaaCnia penisi da is iZulebulia moiqces ise
rogorc mamakaci.
penisisadmi Suris fsiqikuri Sedegebi, iqidan gamomdinare rom ver xerxdeba misi gaqarwyleba
mamakacurobis kompleqsis reaqtiul warmonaqmnSi, gansxvavdebian da mravalmniSvnelovani arian.
sakuTari narcisuli Wrilobis aRiarebiT qals TiTqos da naiarevi uCndeba dabali Sefasebis
SegrZneba.
im SemTxvevaSic ki, rodesac qali ar ganicdis Surs penisis mimarT sakuTar TavTan mimarTebaSi,
es Suri ar gaqarwyldeba: mcireodeni gadataniT is iZens gamoxatulebas eWvianobis
maxasiaTebelSi. ra Tqma unda eWvianoba orive sqesisaTvis aris damaxasiaTebeli, magram froidis
azriT qalis SemTxvevaSi is ufro mniSvnelovan rols iZens, vinaidan is gaZlierebulia
penisisadmi daTrgunuli Suris SegrZnebiT. sanam eWvianobis Sesaxeb amgvar daskvnas gamoitanda,
froidma gogos onanisturi fantaziis pirveli faza gamoyo, romelsac uwoda bavSvs cemen. am
fantaziis sazrisi mdgomareobs imaSi, rom cemen sxva bavSvs, romlis mimarTac gogo eWvianobs
rogorc metoqis mimarT. bavSvis romelsac cemen, anu romelic uyvarT, sinamdvileSi aris
klitori, ase rom es aRiareba Tavis siRrmiseul SinaarsSi masturbaciis aRiarebas niSnavs, rac
damaxasiaTebelia falosuri fazidan ufro gviandeli asakis CaTvliT.
penisisadmi Suris mesame Sedegia dedisadmi nazi damokidebulebis ganeleba. es kavSiri mTlad
gasagebi ar aris, magram sabolood SesaZlebelia darwmuneba imaSi, rom ZiriTadi danaSauli
miuZRvis dedas, romelmac bavSvi yvela saWiro organoTi ver gaaCina. azrebis istoriuli
mimdinareoba Semdegi saxis aris, genitaliebSi defeqtis aRmoCenis Semdgom male aRmocendeba
eWvianoba sxva bavSvis mimarT, romelic viTomda dedas ufro metad uyvars. swored es aris
dedisadmi sinazisagan ganTavisuflebis biZgi da sababi. es garemoeba aseve erTvis im faqtsac,
rom swored es bavSvi romelic dedis mxridan ufro meti siyvarulis mflobelia, xdeba misi
dasjis Sesaxeb fantaziis pirveli obieqti, xolo es fantazia masturbaciis winare periodia.
40
48
III
froidi wers, rom Tavisi siymawvilis / axalgazrdobis periodis Sesaxeb
saubrisas, im periodisa, romelic sqesobriv momwifebas uswrebda, Zalian wesieri
adamianebic ki froids im dauSvebeli saqcielis Sesaxeb uyvebodnen romelic
CaudeniaT: qurdoba, raimes dawvac ki da a. S.
froidi ZiriTadad msgavsi saqcielis CaRrmavebul analizs ar axdenda da mas
ukavSirebda im faqtors, rom moraluri TavSekavebani am asakSi rogorc wesi
sustad aris ganviTarebuli da amitom ar axdenda am movlenebis ufro
mniSvnelovan raimesTan dakavSirebas. magram garkveuli movlenebis TvalsaCinoebam
gamoiwvia froids mxridan am sakiTxis ufro siRrmiseuli Seswavlis survili. es
gamomdinareobda iqidan, rom amgvari tipis saqcieli Cadenili iyo ukve sakmaod
zrdasruli adamianebis mier da Tanac swored im periodSi, rodesac isini
mkurnalobdnen masTan.
froidma ganaxorciela analitikuri samuSao da gaarkvia, rom es qmedebebi
ganxorcielda pirvel rigSi imitom, rom ar iyvnen dasaSvebi da maTi
ganxorcieleba damnaSaves garkveuli saxis Svebis SegrZnebas aniWebda. gaurkveveli
danaSaulis SegrZneba zewolas axdenda masze, am grZnobis warmoSoba ki ar iyo
gasagebi, es garemoeba mas gancdaSi agdebda (damnaSaves), xolo dauSvebeli qmedebis
ganxorcieleba ki SedarebiT amsubuqebda zewolas. froidi amtkicebs rom raoden
paradoqsaluric ar unda iyos es, danaSaulis SegrZneba arsebobda dauSvebeli
qmedebis ganxorcielebamde, rom is warmoiqmna ara misgan gamomdinare, aramed TviT
danaSauli iyo ganpirobebuli am SegrZnebis pirvandeli arsebobiT.
froidi wamoayenebs or kiTxvas: rogoria am bneli danaSaulis SegrZnebis
warmoSoba, saidan aris is warmoSobili, da aris Tu ara SesaZlebeli, rom am
warmoSobis mizezobrioba garkveulwilad mniSvnelovani rolis mqone iyos
kacobriobis mier Cadenil danaSaulebebTan mimarTebaSi.
pirveli sakiTxis kvleva, warmoadgenda zogadad danaSaulis SegrZnebis
warmoqmnis gamorkvevis SesaZleblobas. analitikurma samuSaom yvela SemTxvevaSi
msgavsi daskvnis gamotana ganapiroba, rom danaSauli es bneli SegrZneba
warmoiqmneba oidiposis kompleqsis SegrZnebisagan, es iyo erTgvari reaqcia ori
saxis danaSaulze: mamis mkvlelobasa da dedasTan sqesobrivi urTierTobis
moTxovnilebaze. am SegrZnebebTan SedarebiT danaSaulebani, Cadenili danaSaulis
SegrZnebis fiqsaciisaTvis datanjuli adaminebisaTvis garkveulwilad Svebas
warmoadgendnen. am SemTxvevaSi froidi ganamtkicebs am Sexedulebas im debulebiT,
rom sindisi, romelic amJamad ukve STamomavlobiT miRebul sulier gancdas
warmoadgens, kacobriobis mier SeZenilia oidiposis kompleqsTan dakavSirebiT.
rac Seexeba meore sakiTxs, am SemTxvevaSi kiTxvaze arsebuli pasuxis moZiebis
SesaZlebloba scildeba fsiqoanalitikuri samuSaos sferos. am SemTxvevaSi
froidi ixsenebs bavSvebis magaliTs rom isini cudad moqcevas iwyeben
provocirebis mizniT, xolo sasjelis miRebis Semdgom isini isev mSvidi da
skmayofilebi arian. Tuki am SemTxvevaSic analizis mcdlobas movaxdenT,
davaskvniT, rom isev danaSaulis SegrZnebis kvals vawydebiT, romelis aiZulebs
maT sasjelis Ziebisadmi. am SemTxvevaSi zrdasruli damnaSaveebidan unda
gamoiricxon isini vinc ar ganicdis danaSaulis Cadenisas sindisi qenjnas, rac
gamowveulia aris moraluri Sekavebis unaris ar qoniT, an kidev imiT, rom
sazogadoebasTan brZolisas isini Tvlian rom aqvT amgvari saqcielis Cadenis
ufleba.
froidi ixsenebs, rom erT-erTma misma megobarma misi yuradReba miapyro
nicSes damnaSave danaSaulis SegrZnebis gamo am niSnis mimarT. aseve is
aRniSnavs, rom danaSauliT sargebloba am SegrZnebis racionalizaciis mizniT
aseve sagrZnobia zaratustras ferwasuli damnaSaves SemTxvevaSic.
obieqtis SerCevis gansakuTrebuli tipis Sesaxeb mamakacis SemTxvevaSi
49
narcisizmze
1
termini narcisizmi gadaRebulia 1899 w. P. Nacke-s mier aRwerili avadmyofobis
suraTidan. es termini gamoiyeneboda im mdgomareobis asaRniSnavad, rodesac adamiani Tavis
sxeuls rogorc seqsualur obieqts epyroba, aTvalierebs mas seqsualuri dakmayofilebis
SegrZnebiT, efereba sakuTar sxeuls manam, sanam srul dakmayofilebas ar iZens. narcisizmis
gamovlinebis amgvari forma warmoadgens garyvnilobas, romelic mocemuli piris seqsualuri
cxovrebis sferos moicavs. msgavsi garyvniloba Seesabameba im warmodgenebsa da winaganwyobebs,
romelic yvela saxis garyvnilobis Seswavlisas aris Tanmxlebi.
fsiqoanalitikurma dakvirvebebma cxadyo, rom msgavsi narcisistuli qcevis calkeuli
niSanTvisebebi sxva avadmyofuri gamovlinebebis mqone pirebisaTvisac aris damaxasiaTebeli;
magaliTad Sadger-is mixedviT homoseqsualebTan. Tumca saboloo jamSi aRniSnulia, rom
narcisizmis libido aseve normaluri seqsualuri ganviTarebis mqone adamianisaTvisac
damaxasiaTebelia.
aseTive sirTuleebi aRiniSneba nevrotikebis fsiqoanalitikuri mkurnalobisas. am
SemTxvevaSi narcisizmi ar warmoadgens perverzias, aramed TviTgadarCenis instinqtis egoizmis
libidonozuri danamatia, romelic garkveuli raodenobiT yoveli cocxali arsebisaTvis aris
damaxasiaTebeli.
im avadmyofebSi, romelTac froidi parafrenikebs uwodebs, (Sizofrenia zogadi
dasaxeleba mTeli rigi kognituri, emociuri da qceviTi gamovlinebebis mqone
fsiqoturi darRvevebisaTvis. termini SemoRebuli iurgen bliuleris mier,
romelmac is SemoiRo 1911 wels, dementia praecox-is sanacvlod. pirdapiri
Targmanis mixedviT misi mniSvnelobaa gonebrivi daqucmaceba, is SerCeuli iyo
bliuleris mier vinaidan darRveva areklavs/asaxavs erTis mxriv grZnobebisa da
emociebis funqciebs Soris arsebul gansvlas an disociacias/ganridebas, xolo
meores mxriv azrovnebisa da swavlis. es niSnavs imas, rom daqucmaceba aq aris
horizontaluri da ara vertikaluri; es bolo disociacia warmoqmnis rTul
pirovnebas multiple personality, gansxvavebul fsiqiatriul sindroms.) ori ZiriTadi
maxasiaTebeli gaaCniaT: gandidebis bodva da garemo samyarosadmi interesis dakargva (pirebisa da
sagnebisadmi). fsiqikis am cvlilebidan gamomdinare amgvari avadmyofebi ar eqvemdebarebian
fsiqoanalizis zemoqmedebas, maTi gankurneba SeuZlebelia.
rogorc isteriks, aseve nevrotiksac axasiaTebs akviatebuli mdgomareobebi vinaidan maTi
avadmyofoba aisaxeba samyarosTan damokidebulebaSi, darRveulia realobisadmi normaluri
damokidebuleba. magram analizi gviCvenebs rom msgavs avadmyofebs ar daukargavT erotiuli
damokidebuleba adamianebisa da sagnebis mimarT, is Semonaxulia maTi fantaziis sferoSi. isini
ar moimoqmedeben arafers am obieqtebiT flobis ganxorcielebisaTvis.
mxolod amgvari mdgomareobebisaTvsi aris marTebuli Lung-is mier gamoyenebuli
gamonaTqvami: libidos introversia. parafrenikebis SemTxvevaSi gansxvavebuli viTareba aris.
rogorc Cans, libido CamoSorda adamianebsa da gare samyaros sagnebs da ar momxdara maTi
Canacvleba fantaziis produqtebiT.
froids ainteresebs libidos momarTulobis sakiTxi am SemTxvevaSi, is varaudobs, rom am
SemTxvevaSI garkveul miniSnebebs iZleva gandidebis bodva. is obieqtebis libidos nacvlad
aRmocenda. gare samyarosagan CamoSorebuli libido sakuTar mes ubrundeba, masze momarTuli
xdeba, amgvarad miiReba mdgomareoba romelsac SeiZleba vuwodoT narcisizmi.
libidos Teoriis ganviTarebis mesame SesaZleblobas warmoadgens froidis dakvirvebebi
primitiuli Temebis sulier cxovrebaze da aseve maTi fsiqikis wvdoma. primitiuli Temebis
dakvirvebisas Tavs iCens iseTi maxasiaTebelebi, rac erTeul SemTxvevebSi iqneboda
interpretirebuli rogorc gandidebis bodva. survilebisa da zebunebrivi Zalebis rwmena da a.
S. gare samyaros mimarT aseTive damokidebuleba aqvs Tanamedrove bavSvsac. aqedan gamomdinare
iqmneba STabeWdileba rom pirvel rigSi xdeba libidos koncentracia sakuTar me-ze da
SemdgomSi mxolod misi nawilis gadatana xdeba obieqtebze.
52
froidi aRniSnavs, rom yovel adamians pirveladad gaaCnia ori seqsualuri obieqti:
sakuTari Tavi da misi aRmzrdeli qali, am SemTxvevaSi is TiToeul adamianSi pirveladi
narcisizmis arsebobas uSvebs, romelmac zogierT SemTxvevaSi SesaZloa dominirebuli pozicia
daikavos obieqtis arCevisas.
mamakacisa da qalis gansxvavebulobas froidi Semdegnairad aRwers. obieqtisadmi Rrma
siyvaruls sayrdeni tipis mixedviT, is damaxasiaTeblad miiCnevs mamakacis SemTxvevaSi. amgvari
seqsualuri gadafaseba ganapirobebs Taviseburi Seyvarebulobis mdgomareobas, romelic
nevrotul akviatebas waagavs, risi axsnac SesaZlebelia mesgan libidos warTmeviTa da misi
gadacemiT obieqtisaTvis. sruliad gansxvavebulia ganviTareba wminda da namdvili qalis tipis
SemTxvevaSi. latenturi qaluri sasqeso organoebis Camoyalibebisas viTardeba pirveladi
narcisizmi, romelic ukavSirdeba obieqtis seqsualur gadafasebas. gansakuTrebiT im SemTxvevebSi
rodesac ganviTareba silamazis ganviTarebasac ukavSirdeba.
uxeSad rom iTqvas aseTi tipis qalebi sakuTar TavSi arian Seyvarebuli iseTi
intensivobiT rogorc isini uyvarT mamakacebs. aseTi tipis qalebi mamakacebis yuradRebas
ipyroben ara mxolod gansakuTrebuli silamazis gamo, aramed saintereso fsiqologiuri
konstelaciis gamoc. froidi aRniSnavs, rom erTi pirovnebis narcisizmi mimzidvelia iseTi
pirovnebebisaTvis, romelTac uaryofili qondaT sakuTari narcisizmis gancda sruli saxiT da
amitomac miiltvian am adamianisadmi. froidi amtkicebs rom bavSvis momxiblaoba, aseve zogierTi
cxovelis momxiblaobac swored TviTkmari narcisizmis Sedegia. magram froidi aseve aRniSnavs,
rom arsebobs iseTi qalebis kategoriac visac mamakacis tipis mixedviT uyvarT, maT uviTardebaT
am tipisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli seqsualuri gadafaseba.
magram aseve narcisistuli qalebisaTvisac vinc mamakacebisadmi civia, arsebobs obieqtis
siyvarulis SesaZlebloba. xSir SemTxvevaSi bavSvi romelsac isini aCenen, maTTvis sakuTari
sxeulis nawils ganasaxierebs, romelsac maT SeuZliaT obieqtis siyvarulis momarTva mTeli
Tavisi sisruliT, rac gamomdinareobs narcisizmidan. sxva tipis qalebisaTvis arc aris saWiro
bavSvis gaCenis molodini. iqidan gamomdinare rom sqesobriv mowifulobamde isini biWad
aRiqvamdnen sakuTar Tavs, mas Semdeg rac mowifulobasTan erTad msgavsi gamovlinebebi qreba,
isini iseTi mamakacebisadmi ganicdian mizidulobas, vinc arsebiTad maTi biWuri arsebis
gagrZelebas warmoadgenen.
am CamonaTvalis Sedegad froidi Semdeg daskvnamde midis. adamians SeuZlia uyvardes:
1.narcisistuli tipis mixedviT:
a.is rasac warmoadgen TavisTavad (sakuTari Tavi),
b.is rac iyavi adre,
c.is, rac gindoda yofiliyavi,
d.pirovneba, romelic sakuTari Tavis nawili iyo.
2.sayrdenis maZiebeli tipis mixedviT:
a.aRmzrdeli qali,
b.damcveli kaci da mTeli rigi misi Semcvleli pirebisa.
bavSvis pozicia unda iyos His Majesty the Baby (misi udidebulesoba beibi) vinaidan es
aris is rogoradac miaCndaT sakuTari Tavi TviT mSoblebsac.
froidi aRniSnavs rom bavSvisaTvis yvelaferi saukeTesos survili gamoixateba swored
mSoblebis narcisizmis aRorZinebiT, romelic miuxedavad imisa, rom obieqtisadmi siyvarulSi
aris gardasaxuli, Tavis nadmvil arss mainc gamoxatavs.
3
fsiqoanalitikuri kvleva, romelic mes ltolvebisagan izolirebuli libidozuri
ltolvebis dakvirvebis SesaZleblobas iZleva, damkvirvebels SesaZleblobas aniWebs im droisa
da fsiqikuri mdgomareobis Sesaxeb gamoitanos daskvna, rodesac gansxvavebuli saxis ltolvebi
erTdroulad moqmedeben da uerTdebian narcisistul interesebs. am urTierTqmedebidan
gamomdinare adlerma Seqmna Tavisi mamakacuri protesti, romelsac is TiTqmis erTaderTi
SemoqmedebiTi Zalis rols aniWebs nevrozebis xasiaTis Camoyalibebis procesSi, xolo mis
55
Tuki ufro metad CavuRrmavdebiT mes struqturis detalebs, maSin mes idealSi da
sindisis dinamiur gamovlinebebSi sizmrebis cenzors amovicnobT.
am TvalsazrisiT aucilebelia normalurisa da nevrotikis mdgomareobis sakiTxis
ganxilva. mdgomareoba (
) pirvel rigSi mes moculobis gamoxatulebas warmoadgens (Ichgrosse)
miuxedavad imisa Tu risgan Sedgeba is.
mes seqsualuri ltolvebis gansxvavebis gacnobierebiT, unda vaRiaroT rom mdgomareoba
damokidebulia narcisistul libidoze. am SemTxvevaSi froidi or mniSvnelovan faqts eyrdnoba:
parafreniis SemTxvevaSi TviTSegrZneba (
) amaRlebulia, xolo gadatanis nevrozebis SemTxvevaSi
igi dabalia, da rom sasiyvarulo cxovrebaSi im adamians vinc ar uyvarT TviTSegrZneba dabali
aqvs, xolo is vinc uyvarT mas maRali. is visac uyvars SesaZlebelia iTqvas moklebulia
Tavis narcisizms da SeuZlia misi dabruneba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi Tuki isic eyvareba vinmes.
swored aq unda iyos moZiebuli mizezi Tu ratom axdenen nevrotikebi sakuTari
naklulovanebis SegrZnebis demonstrirebas aseTi mondomebiT. am grZnobebis namdvil mizezs
warmoadgens mes gaubadrukeba romelic gamomdinareobs libidos obieqtebisadmi ganuzomeli
mijaWvulobiT mes xarjze, anu mes dazianeba seqsualuri miswrafebis gamo, romelic ar
eqvemdebareba kontrols.
froidis sityvebiT adlerma sworad aRniSna, rom sakuTari organuli naklulovanebis
SegrZneba aRgznebiT zemoqmedebas axdens sulieri cxovrebis qmediTunarianobaze da
zekompensaciebis saSualebiT amaRlebul produqtiulobas iwvevs. nevrozebis eTiologiaSi
organuli naklulovaneba pirveladi mniSvnelobis mqonea, msgavsad aqtualuri aRqmisa sizmrebis
warmoqmnisaTvis. nevrozi mas iyenebs rogorc erTgvar sababs, iseve rogorc sxva Sesabamis
momentebsac.
TviTSegrZnebis
damokidebuleba
erotikasTan
(libidonozur
mijaWvulobebTan
da
obieqtebTan) SesaZlebelia iyos formulirebuli Semdegnairad: unda moxdes ori SemTxvevis
gansxvaveba amarTlebs Tu ara me am sasiyvarulo mijaWvulobebs, Tu piriqiT, maTi gandevna
moxda. pirvel SemTxvevaSi (mes mier libidos daxarjvis gamarTlebisas) siyvaruli aris
Sefasebuli iseve, rogorc mes nebismieri sxva aqtiuri gamovlineba. libidos gandevnis
SemTxvevaSi siyvarulis mijaWvulobebi ganicdebian rogorc mes daundobeli damcireba:
sasiyvarulo dakmayofileba SeuZlebelia, mes gamdidreba SesaZlebeli iqneba mxoldo im
SemTxvevaSi, Tuki libido CamoSordeba obieqtebs da daubrundeba mes.
mes ganviTareba ukavSirdeba narcisizmisagan pirvelad gansvlas da iwvevs intensiur
miswrafebas misadmi dabrunebisaken. es CamoSoreba gamomdinareobs libidos gadanacvlebiT garemo
faqtorebiT ganpirobebuli mes idealze. amave dros me sakuTa libidonozur mijaWvulobebs
gadascems obieqtebs. am mijaWvulobebis gamo is TviTonve ganicdis xelmocarulobas libidosTan
mimarTebaSi da meorad gamdidrebas ganicdis obieqtebisagan dakmayofilebis gziT, rac idealis
asaxvis gamoisobiT xdeba.
me-ideali libidos dakmayofilebas obieqtebze mZime pirobebSi aqcevs, vinaidan sakuTari
cenzuris meSveobiT is Tavisi dakmayofilebis zogierTi formisagan Tavisufldeba rogorc
dauSvebelisagan. iq sadac msgavsi me-ideali ar aris Camoyalibebuli, Sesabamisi seqsualuri
miswrafeba pirovnebis SemadgenlobaSi Sedis perversiis saxiT.
Seyvarebuloba warmoadgens me-libidos gamovlinebas obieqtze. am gamovlinebas sakmaod
didi Zala aqvs saimisod rom moxdes gandevnis ganadgureba da perversiebis aRdgena.
seqsualuri ideali SesaZlebelia Semovides saintereso urTierTobaSi me-idealTan, es
aris erTgvari urTierTdaxmarebiTi damokidebuleba. froids Semdegi saxis formula moyavs:
uyvarT is, rasac gaaCnia is niSanTvisebebi, romelic aklia mes Tavisi idealis misaRwevad.
amgvari daxmarebis movlenas didi mniSvneloba gaaCnia nevrotikisaTvis, romlis mec naklulovani
xdeba obieqtisadmi gansakuTrebuli mijaWvulobis gamo da romelsac aRar gaaCnia me-idealis
aRdgenis unari.
me-idealis meoxebiT froidis azriT masis fsiqologiis gagebisaken mivdivarT. am ideals,
individualuris garda, aseve socialuri wilic gaaCnia. is warmoadgens ojaxis, naciisa da
sazogadoebis saerTo ideals.
57
diax, wadi aRar mWirdebi da me TviTonve gagzavni. igive bavSvi rodesac froidi
mogvianebiT akvirdeboda mas, Tavis saTamaSos iatakze anarxebda xolme da dasZenda
wadi saomrad!.
froidi aRniSnavs erT mniSvnelovan moments, maSin rodesac bavSvi gancdis
pasiurobidan aqtiurobaSi gadainacvlebs, mas is usiamovno SegrZneba gadaaqvs mis
megobarze (TanamoTamaSeze) da amgvarad is samagieros uxdis mas, visac Caanacvlebs
TanamoTamaSe.
3
froidi aRniSnavs, rom Tavdapirvelad fsiqoanalizi warmoadgenda axsnaganmartebis xelovnebas. vinaidan Terapiuli amocanis gadawyvetisaTvis es ar
aRmoCnda sakmarisi, male axali swrafva aRmocenda avadmyofis iZuleba rom
daamtkicos fsiqoanalitikosis debulebebi Tavisi mogonebebiT. am SemTxvevaSi
umeteswilad yuradReba eniWeboda avadmyofis winaaRmdegobas: amjerad ki ostatoba
mdgomareobda imaSi, rom avadmyofisaTvis miTiTeba miecaT da megobruli
zemoqmedebis meSveobiT ebiZgaT mietovebina es winaaRmdegoba.
magram gandevnilis gaxsenebis procesi ar aris advili, am SemTxvevaSi
avadmyofi ufro metad midrekilia xelaxla ganicados gandevnili, vidre gaixsenos
misi arsebobis Sesaxeb rac eqimis mizans warmoadgens. es xelaxali gaxseneba
(Reproduktion), romelic sizustiTa da sisworiT gamoirCeva, Sinaarsis mxriv
ukavSirdeba infantilur seqsualur cxovrebas, oidiposis kompleqss an mis
modifikaciebs, da kanonzomierad aisaxeba gadatanis sferoSi, anu eqimisadmi
damokidebulebaSi. am SemTxvevaSi SesaZlebelia iTqvas, rom adreuli nevrozi,
mxolod da mxolod axali gadatanis nevroziT iqna Canacvlebuli.
damokidebuleba romelic yalibdeba mogonebebsa da reproduqcias Soris
TiToeuli SemTxvevisas gansxvavebulia. rogorc wesi eqimi ver daaRwevs Tavs
mkurnalobis am fazas. man unda aiZulos avadmyofi isev ganicados daviwyebuli
cxovrebis nawili da unda Tvalyuri adevnos imas, rom iyos SenarCunebuli is
komponenti, romelic warmosaxul realobas mxolod warsuli gancdis anareklad
aqcevs. Tuki es miiRweva, maSin avadmyofis saWiro darwmunebulobac miRweulia da
aqedan gamomdinare masze damokidebuli Terapiuli efeqtic.
froidi Tvlis, rom amgvari Tavsmoxveuli ganmeorebisagan Tavis daRwevis
mizniT, romelic SeimCneva nevrotikebis fsiqoanalitikuri mkurnalobisas, pirvel
rigSi aucilebelia ganTavisufleba im mcdari mosazrebisagan romlis Tanaxmad
Tuki winaaRmdegobasTan gaqvs saqme maSin es aucileblad aracnobieris
winaaRmdegobas exeba. aracnobieri anu gandevnili, ar ewinaaRmdegeba eqimis
Zalisxmevas, is TviTon miiswrafvis cnobierebaSi SeWrisaken, an realuri qcevis
saxiT gamovlenisaken. winaaRmdegoba gamomdinareobs fsiqikis swored imave
uzenaesi doneebidan da sistemebidan, romelTac Tavis droze gandevna ganapirobes.
froidi Tvlis rom bevri ram meSi, TviT mes birTvic ki aris
aracnobieri.
mes
mxolod
da
mxolod
umniSvnelo
nawils
SeiZleba
vuwodoT
winarecnobieri.
froidi amtkicebs, rom cnobierisa da winarecnobieri mes winaaRmdegoba
siamovnebis principis samsaxurSia, mas usiamovnebisagan Tavis daRwevis survili
aqvs, romelic aRmocendeba gandevnilis gamovlinebis SemTxvevaSi warmoiqmneba da
Cveni Zalisxmeva mdgomareobs imaSi, rom realobis principis Tanaxmad arsebul
usiamovnebasTan Seguebas mivaRwioT.
am SemTxvevaSi axali da gasaocari faqtia is, rom Tavsmoxveuli ganmeoreba
aseve warsulidan im gancdebis reproduqciasac axdens, romelTac ar gaaCniaT
siamovnebis SesaZlebloba. es yvelaferi infantiluri seqsualobis adreuli
momwifebis winaswar ganpirobebul daRupvasTan aris kavSirSi da swored mis
asaxvas warmoadgens. am SemTxvevaSi es aisaxeba nevrotikebis arasrulfasovnebis
61
grZnobiTi nakadic, romelic Tavis miznebs acnobierebs. vinaidan xdeba misi swrafvebis Setakeba
sisxlisaRrevis SezRudvebTan es nakadi iswrafvis rac SeiZleba Cqara gadavides Sesabamis
obieqtze, romelic ucxoa, da romelTanac iqneboda SesaZlebeli namdvili sqesobrivi aqtis
damyareba. grZnobiTi Seyvarebulobis umaRlesi done dakavSirebulia umaRles fsiqikur
SefasebasTan (mamakacis mier sqesobrivi obieqtis normaluri gadafaseba).
am procesis warumateblobis SemTxvevaSi udidesi mniSvneloba eniWeba libidos or
moments. upirveles yovlisa, realuri akrZalvis done, romelic ar uSvebs axali obieqtis
arCevans da individisaTvis mis gaufasurebas axdens. meore aris mimzidvelobis done, romelic
SesaZlebelia gaaCndeT infantilur obieqtebs da romlebsac umjobesia Tavi daaRwio; is
erotiuli fiqsaciis proporcionaluria, romelic mas eniWeboda bavSvobaSi. Tuki es ori
faqtori sakmaod Zlieria, amoqmedebas iwyebs nevrozebis warmoqmna. libido realobas wydeba,
Seipyroba fantaziis moqmedebiT, aZlierebs pirveli bavSvuri obieqtebis magaliTebs da
fiqsirdeba maTze. viTareba ar icvleba maSinac ki rodesac realobaSi warumatebeli procesi
fantaziaSi xorcieldeba. ubralod xdeba pirvandeli obieqtis Canacvleba ucxoTi.
nakadebis Serwymis warumatebloba warmoqmnis SezRudvas obieqtis arCevanSi. rodesac
aqtiuri rCeba grZnobiTi nakadi, is eZebs mxolod iseT obieqtebs, romelic ar axsenebs individs
akrZalul incestuozur pirebs. amgvari tipis adamianebis sasiyvarulo cxovreba gaorebulia, is
poulobs Tavis gamovlinebas xelovnebaSi, rogorc ciuri da miwieri (cxoveli) siyvaruli.
rodesac maT uyvarT ar surT floba, xolo rodesac surT, maSin ar ZaluZT siyvaruli.
amgvari darRvevis sawinaaRmdego mTavar xerxs warmoadgens sqesobrivi obieqtis fsiqikuri
damcireba, xolo gadafaseba am SemTxvevaSi (romelic normalur SemTxvevaSi sqesobriv obieqtzea
mimarTuli) Semoinaxeba incestuozuri obieqtisaTvis.
is pirovnebebs romelTa sinazisa da grZnobiTi nakadebi ar aris Serwymuli, ar gaaCniaT
sakmarisi sinatifis sasiyvarulo grZnoba; maT gaaCniaT sqesobrivi aranormalurobebi, romelTa
daukmayofilebloba iwvevs maTSi siamovnebis daqveiTebas, xolo dakmayofileba SesaZlebelia
mxolod damcirebulebTan, mcire Sefasebis mqone sqesobriv obieqtebTan.
2
garda zemoT CamoTvlilisa froidi Tvlis rom saWiroa fsiqikuri impotencies ufro
zogadi mimoxilva. is gamoyofs im tipis mamakacebs vinc fsiqasTenikebis kategorias ganekuTvneba,
romelTac sqesobrivi aqti warmatebuli aqvT, magram sakmaris siamovnebas ar aniWebT. amgvari
anesTetiuri tipis mamakacebis analogias warmoadgenen frigiduli qalebi, romlebic TavisTavad
fsiqikuri impotenciasTan axlos dganan.
froidi aRniSnavs rom sinazisa da grZnobiTi nakadebi mxolod inteleqtualuri
mamakacebis mcire raodenobas aqvs kargad Serwymuli. Tavis srul potencias igi avlens mxolod
mdabio obieqtTan. amgvari garemoeba aseve xasiaTdeba imiT, rom mamakaci ar avlens garyvnilobis
im komponentebs romlebic mis sqesobriv ltolvas miekuTvneba, is ver bedavs maT
ganxorcielebas im qalTan, romelic pativiscemis Rirsia. SesaZloa rom maRali klasis
warmomadgeneli mamakacebis midrekileba SearCion sayvareli an kanonieri meuRle mdabio qalebis
warmomadgenlebs
Soris,
swored
ganpirobebulia
damcirebuli
sqesobrivi
obieqtis
moTxovnilebiT, romelsac fsiqologiurad ukavSirdeba sruli dakmayofilebis SesaZlebloba.
froidi Tvlis, rom SesaZloa es paradoqsalurad JRers, magram is visac surs
sasiyvarulo cxovrebaSi iyos Tavisufali da bednieri, man unda daZlios pativiscema qalisadmi
da Seurigdes sisxlaRrevis warmodgenas dedasTan da dasTan.
qalis SemTxvevaSi sqesobrivi obieqtis damcirebis moTxovnileba Zalian mcirea; amas
ukavSirdeba is garemoebac, rom qals ar gaaCnia mamakacis msgavsi sqesobrivi gadafaseba.
froidi Tvlis rom sasiyvarulo cxovrebis akrZalvas qalisaTvis iseTive mniSvneloba
aqvs rogoric mamakacisaTvis sqesobrivi obieqtis damcirebas. orive movlena warmoadgens
sqesobrivi cxovrebis dawyebis xangrZlivi droiT gadadebas sqesobrivi simwifis Semdeg, rasac
moiTxovs aRzrda kulturuli miznebidan gamomdinare.
3
64
qalwulobis tabu
imis moTxovna rom qorwinebisas erT mamakacTan qals ar qondes mogoneba sxva kacTan
arsebuli urTierTobisa, warmoadgens qalis flobis gansakuTrebul uflebas, romelic
monopoliis arsis Camoyalibebas ganapirobebs. amave dros xdeba am monopoliis ganvrcoba
warsulzec.
is vinc pirveli akmayofilebs gogos mier xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi daTrgunul
siyvarulisadmi ltolvas da amave dros im winaaRmdegobasac gadalaxavs romelic
ganpirobebulia garemosa da aRzrdis Sedegad, is masTan xangrZliv kavSirSi Sedis, romlis
SesaZleblobac aRar eZleva meti aravis. am gancdis Sedegad qals uyalibdeba daqvemdebarebis
mdgomareoba, romelic nawilobriv winaaRmdegobas uwevs masze sxva mamakacebis mxridan
STabeWdilebis moxdenisa da gavlenis SesaZleblobas.
gamoTqma seqsualuri daqvemdebarebuloba SemoTavazebulia Krafft-Ebing-is mier im
faqtis aRsaniSnavad, rom erTi pirovneba SesaZlebelia aRmoCndes srul daqvemdebarebulobasa da
damokidebulebaSi
sxvis
mimarT,
romelTanac
is
sqesobriv
kavSirSi
imyofeba.
daqvemdebarebulobis grZnoba SesaZlebelia ganviTardes ukiduresobamde, damoukidebeli survili
arsebobis dakargvis CaTvliT. seqsualuri daqvemdebarebulobis aseTi wili sinamdvileSi
aucilebelia kulturuli qorwinebis SenarCunebisaTvis da misTvis mavnebeli poligamiuri
tendenciebis daTrgunvisaTvis.
seqsualuri daqvemdebarebulobis axsnas Krafft-Ebing-i erTis mxriv Seyvarebulobis
uCveulo doniTa da xasiaTis sisustiT, xolo meores mxriv usazRvro egoizmiT axdens.
daqvemdebarebuloba xSir SemTxvevaSi gvxvdeba qalebTan vidre mamakacebTan, xolo
ukanasknelis SemTxvevaSi Cvens droSi ufro xSirad vidre antikur xanasTan SedarebiT.
primitiuli xalxis SemTxvevaSi, defloracia TavisTavad warmoadgens aqts, romelsac
Zalian didi mniSvneloba eniWeba, magram is maTTvis tabuirebuli xdeba da religiuri aRkveTis
dasaxelebas imsaxurebs. imis sanacvlod rom qali mis momaval saqmros SesTavazon, adaTi
moiTxovs imas, rom swored man Seikavos Tavi amisagan.
froids moyavs qalwulobis dakargvis ramodenime magaliTi primitiuli xalxebis
adaTebidan gamomdinare. mas surs ganasxvavos ceremonialuri sqesobrivi aqti (formaluri,
sazeimo da oficialuri) da normaluri sqesobrivi aqti.
qalwulobis tabus axsnisas froidi Tvlis rom gansxvavebuli momentebis miTiTeba aris
SesaZlebeli, romelTac is mcired Sefasebas aniWebs. qalwulis defloraciis SemTxvevaSi,
Cveulebriv sisxlis daRvra xdeba; pirveli mcdeloba axsnisa aris swored is SiSi, romelic
gaaCniaT primitiul xalxebs sisxlis danaxvisas, vinaidan maTi azriT cxovreba sisxlSia. am
pirvel tabus araferi saerTo ar gaaCnia seqsualurobasTan, rogorc Cans is dakavSirebulia
mkvelelobis akrZalvasTan da warmoadgens dacvis saSualebas pirveladi gaumaZRrobisagan
.
qalwulobis amgvari tabus dacva kavSirSia aseve menstruaciis tabusTanac. pirvelyofil
67
pirveli sqesobrivi aqtis dros aRmocendeba sulieri moZraobebis mTeli rigi. pirvel
rigSi froidi aRniSnavs tkivilis mniSvnelobas romelic gamowveulia defloraciis aqtiT,
zogierTi mxolod am movlenas aniWebs gadamwyvet mniSvnelobas. Tumca es ase ar aris. ufro
meti mniSvneloba eniWeba SebRalul narcisistulobas, romelic gamomdinareobs organos
darRvevidan, rasac emateba is rom xdeba gacnobiereba imisa, rom defloracia seqsualur
faseulobas amcirebs.
imedgacruebis meore mizezs warmoadgens (kulturuli qalis SemTxvevaSi) is, rom
molodinebis gamarTleba ar xdeba. am momentamde sqesobrivi aqti iyo asociirebuli
akrZalvasTan, aqedan gamomdinare daSvebuli sqesobrivi aqti veRar aRiqmeba. amaze metyvelebs
qalebis midrekileba damalon sasiyvarulo urTierTobebi da ar gaumxilon amis Sesaxeb aravis.
zogierT SemTxvevaSi es motivi SesaZlebelia imdenad ganviTardes, rom qals aRar qondes imis
unari, rom uyvardes Tavisi meuRle. is Tavis mgrZnobelobas isev moipovebs mxolod akrZalul
urTierTobebSi.
ufro meti miSvnelobis mqonea Semdegi momenti, romelic libidos ganviTarebas exeba. am
SemTxvevaSi froids libidos fiqsacia aqvs mxedvelobaSi, romelic exeba mamas, Zmas. qals
meuRle uyvars mxolod rogorc maTi Semcvleli, is misTvis ar aris namdvili. yvelaferi
damokidebulia libidos fiqsacis intensivobaze. frigiduloba aqedan gamomdinare, nevrozis
genetikur pirobebs miekuTvneba.
garda am aRwerili sulieri moZraobebisa, aRmocendeba kidev ramodenime, romelic
saerTod ewinaaRmdegeba qalur rolsa da funqcias.
am SemTxvevaSi froidi aRniSnavs penisisadmi Suris moments. is am movlenas kastraciis
kompleqss miakuTvnebs. am saqciels adleris mixedviT SeiZleba vuwodoT mamakacurobisadmi
protesti es dasaxeleba aRniSnavs imas, rom es faqtori nevrotulobis matarebelia.
SemdgomSi froidis mtkicebiT gogos libido miemarTeba mamisaken da penisis nacvlad mas surs
bavSvis yola.
Semdeg froids magaliTad moyavs axlad daqorwinebuli qalis sizmari, romelic
warmoadgenda reaqcias defloraciaze. misi azriT is gamoxatavda qalis survils moexdina
meuRlis kastrireba da Seenaxa penisi TavisTvis. am Suris miRma vlindeba qalis gaboroteba
mamakacis mimarT, rac naTlad gamoixateba emansipirebuli qalebis literaturul nawarmoebSi.
qalis amgvar mtrul ganwyobas Ferenczi ganixilavs paleobiologiuri xasiaTis
mosazrebiT, romelic exeba sqesTa diferenciaciis epoqas. Tavdapirvelad misi azriT kopulacia
mimdinareobda erTgvari individebis Soris, romelTagan erT-erTi ganviTarda da aiZula meores
sqesobrivi urTierTobis ganxorcieleba.
froidi ajamebs yvelafers da akeTebs daskvnas, rom qalis moumwifebeli seqsualoba
ganimuxteba im mamakacze, romelic pirvelad acnobs mas seqsualur aqts.
kulturis ufro maRal safexurebze am saSiSroebis mniSvneloba gadainacvlebs ukana
fonze daqvemdebarebulobis SepirebasTan SedarebiT, xolo qalwuloba ganixileba rogorc
garkveuli ZRveni, romelzedac mamakacma ar unda ganacxados uari. magram qorwinebebis analizi
gviCvenebs, rom is motivebi romelic aRiZvreba defploraciis aqtis Sedegad ar qreba ukvalod
kulturuli qalis sulieri cxovrebidanac ki. damkvirvebeli SeamCnevs rom pirveli
qorwinebebis umetesobaSi qali frigidulia da Tavs ubedurad grZnobs, xolo ganqorwinebis
Semdeg is mTels Tavis sinazesa da siyvaruls meore qmars aniWebs. is arqauli reaqcia sruliad
amowuruli iqna pirvel obieqtze.
daskvnisas froidi ambobs rom: defloracias gaaCnia ara mxolod kulturuli Sedegebi
qalis samudamo mijaWvuloba mamakacisadmi; is aseve saSualebas aZlevs mamakacisadmi arqauli
mtruli reaqciis ganmuxtvas, romelmac SesaZloa paTologiuri formebi miiRos da gamovlindes
qorwinebis sasiyvarulo cxovrebis SeyovnebaSi, swored am eraqciis mizezia is faqti rom meore
qorwinebebi xSir SemTxvevaSi ufro warmatebuli aris, vidre pirveli. am mtruli reaqciidan
gamomdinare gamarTlebulia is SiSi, romelsac ganicdis primitiuli xalxis SemTxvevaSi mamakaci
da romlis gamoc is Tavidan icilebs defloracias.
sainteresoa, rom analitikoss SesaZloa Sexvdes orive saxis sapirispiro reaqciac,
daqvemdebarebisa da mtrulobis. xSir SemTxvevaSi qali cdilobs gaeyaros Tavis yofil
69
Seyvarebuls, meuRles, magram rogorc ki surs vinme sxva Seuyvaros uneblied im pirveli
meuRlis xati uCndeba Tvalwin, rac metyvelebs imaze rom is jer kidev mijaWvulia Tavis
yofil meuRleze ara sinazis gamo, aramed daqvemdebarebulobis gamo. is ver Tavisufldeba
misgan vinaidan ar miuzRvia samagiero, xolo zogierT SemTxvevaSi saerTod verc ki
gaucnobierebia Tavisi sulieri samagieros mizRvevis survilebi.
xuTi wlis biWis fobiebis analizi
Sesavali
im axalgazrda pacientis avadmyofobasa da gankurnebaze dakvirveba, romlis Sesaxeb iqneba
saubari, Cems mier ar ganxorcielebula. zogadad me vxelmZRvanelobdi mkurnalobas, erTxel
bavSvs gavesaubre kidec, magram mkurnalobas mainc bavSvis mama anxorcielebda, romlisadmi
madlierebas gamovxatav mis mier warmoebuli CaniSvnebisaTvis, romelic man SemdgomSi
publikaciisaTvis gadmomca. mamis damsaxureba kidev ufro metic aris; Cemi azriT sxva ver
SeZlebda bavSvis mxridan msgavsi aRiarebebis miRebas; im codnis gareSe romelsac flobda mama,
SeuZlebeli iqneboda misi xuTi wlis biWis Cvenebebis ganmarteba da esoden adreuli asakisaTvis
fsiqoanalizis teqnikuri siZneleebi dauZleveli iqneboda. erT adamianSi mSoblisa da eqimis
avtoritetis gaerTianebam, nazi grZnobebisa da mecnieruli interesebis Tanxvedram SesaZlebeli
gaxada im meTodis gamoyeneba, romelic msgavs SemTxvevebSi naklebad aris gamoyenebadi. magram am
dakvirvebis gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba mdgomareobs SemdegSi. eqimi, romelic zrdasruli
nevrotikis fsiqoanaliziT aris dakavebuli, romelic fsiqikuri warmoanaqmnebis fenebis
Tanmimdevrul gaxsnas axdens, sabolood midis bavSvuri seqsualurobis varaudebamde, ris
komponentebSic is momdevno cxovrebisaTvis damaxasiaTebeli yvela nevrotuli simptomis
mamoZravebel Zalas xedavs.
im masalas Soris, romelic Cemi SeTavazebis gamo (sxva mSoblebis mimarT TavianT
bavSvebze dakvirvebis warmoebis SeTavazebazea saubari) Cems xelT aRmoCnda, cnobebma patara
hansis Sesaxeb gamorCeuli adgili daikaves. hansis mSoblebma, romlebic Cemi uzxloesi
momxreebi iyvnen, gadawyvites TavinaTi pirveli Svili im minimaluri Zaldatanebis gareSe
aRezardaT, romelic upirobod aris saWiro keTilSobili zneobis SenarCunebisaTvis. vinaidan
bavSvi ganviTarda da gaxda mxiaruli da gamtaniani biWi, maT Zalisxmevas kargi Sedegebi qonda.
pirveli cnobebis hansis Sesaxeb miekuTvneba im periods, rodesac is jer kidev ar iyo
sami wlis. ukve maSin is sakmao dainteresebiT saubrobda Tavisi sxeulis im nawilis Sesaxeb,
romelsac Tavis enaze Wiwimacher-s eZaxda. erTxelac, man dedas Semdegi kiTxva dausva:
hansi: deda, Sen gaqvs Wiwimacher-i?
deda: ra Tqma unda. ratom mekiTxebi amas?
hansi: me mxolod gavifiqre.
swored am asakSi, man dainaxa rogor wvelavdnen Zroxas. Sexede Tqva man, Wiwimacher-idan rZe moedineba.
ukve es dakvirvebebi metyveleben imaze, rom is rasac gamoxatavs patara hansi, iqneba
tipiuri bavSvis seqsualuri ganviTarebisaTvis.
amave dros, misi interesi Wiwimacher-is mimarT ar aris mxolod Teoriuli. mas aseve
sakuTari sasqeso organos Sexebis swrafvac gaaCnia. samnaxevari wlis asakSi, dedamisma mas
Seuswro maSin, rodesac hanss xelSi penisi eWira. deda daemuqra: Tu Sen gaagrZeleb me
davuZxeb eqims, da is Sen mogaWris Sens Wiwimacher-s. maSin riTiRa gaakeTeb wiwi-s?
hansi: Cemi roroTi.
aq is mas pasuxobs danaSaulis grZnobis gacnobierebis gareSe, magram amasTanave iZens
kastraciis konpleqss, romelic ase xSirad SesamCnevia nevrotikebis analizis dros,
miuxedavad imisa, rom isini amas aprotesteben. kastraciis kompleqsma datova SesamCnevi kvali
miTologiaSi (aramarto berZnulSi).
TiTqmis igive asakSi man aRelvebiT aRniSna: me davinaxe, rom loms aqvs Wiwimacher-i".
udidesi mniSvneloba, romelsac iZenen cxovelebi miTebsa da zRaprebSi, rogorc Cans
ganpirobebulia im daufarvelobiT, romliTac isini cnobismoyvare bavSvs TavianT sasqeso
70
venaSi gadasvlis Semdeg, mama isev afiqsirebs kidev erT dakvirvebas. rodesac banen anas,
hansi uyurebs mas da sicils iwyebs. rodesac mas ekiTxebian ratom, is iZaxis rom anas
Wiwimacher-i lamazia.
es aris cru pasuxi, magram am formulirebiT is axdens qalisa da mamakacis sasqeso
organos gnsxvavebas, imis nacvlad rom uaryofdes mas.
avadmyofobis istoria da analizi
aRwerilia mamis werili froidis mimarT, sadac is mouTxrobs hansis ganviTarebul
nervul moSlilobaze, romelic mas da mis meuRles awuxebs da ver pouloben aRkveTis gzebs.
rogorc Cans seqsualuri aRzneba gamowveuli dedis sinaziT, warmoadgens nervuli
moSlilobis mizezs, magram mis gamomwvev sababs mainc ver vpoulob. SesaZlebelia quCaSi cxenis
kbenis SiSi gamowveulia imiT, rom man sadRac dainaxa didi penisi. rogorc iciT adre SeumCnevia
cxenis didi penisi. swored am garemoebam miiyvana is im daskvnamde, rom vinaidan deda didia,
wiwimacher-ic didi unda qondes.
Tuki ar CavTvliT imas, rom quCaSi gasvlis SiSi gauCnda da saRamoobiT cud ganwyobazea, hansi
isev iseTive mamaci biWia.
avadmyofobis ufro siRrmiseuli analizisaTvis moyvanilia ramodenime faqti.
hansi Semodis dilas dedasTan tiriliT da rodesac amas ekiTxebian mizezs pasuxobs:
rodesac meZina, vifiqre rom waxvedi da aRar myavs deda romelsac SemiZlia movefero.
rodesac msgavs elegiur ganwyobas avlenda iyo SemTxveva rom dedas hansi loginSi
auyvania.
5 ianvars is midi dedasTan da eubneba vinme deidas Sesaxeb, romelmac misi sasqeso
organos Sesaxeb komentari gaakeTa.
(is qali namdvilad cxovrobda maT ojaxSi da erTxel ise rom hanss ar gaego dedamiss
namdvilad uTxra msgavsi ram da es hansma daimaxsovra).
aRniSnulia is garemoeba, rodesac is ZiZas miyavs saseirnod da hansi moiTxovs dedasTan
dabrunebas. saRamos dadgomamde is sakmaod mxiarulia, magram mere SfoTavs da moiTxovs
dedisgan moferebas.
8 ianvars deda gadawyvets TiTon gaaseirnos hansi da miyavs is SonbrunSi, (adgili
romelic hanss uyvars) magram is isev Wirveulobs da quCaSi siarulis SiSs avlens. is eubneba
dedas: me meSinia rom cxenma ar mikbinos. saRamos mas isev SfoTva ewyeba, tiris da moiTxovs
dedas. Semdeg is iZaxis xval isev momiwevs saseirnod wasvla da mogvianebiT, cxeni oTaxSi
mova.
Semdeg aRwerilia dedisa da hansis dialogi imasTan dakavSirebiT rom hansi wiwimacher-s
xels kidebs. is aRniSnavs rom es sasiamovnoa, xolo mas afrTxileben rom wiwimacher-is xelis
xleba ar SeiZleba.
yvelaferi es SesaZlebelia yofiliyo SiSisa da fobiis dasawyisi. Cans rom gvaqvs sakmao
safuZveli maTi gansxvavebisa.
moSliloba iwyeba mSfoTvare-nazi azrebidan, rasac moyveba saSineli sizmari. am
ukanasknelis Sinaarsia: dedis danakargi, ris Semdgom SeuZlebeli iqneba masTan mofereba. aqedan
gamomdinare dedis mimarT sinaze sakmaod maRalia. es aris avadmyofuri mdgomareobis ZiriTadi
fenomeni. gavixsenoT hansis mxridan dedis Secdenis mcdelobebi. dedis mimarT amgvari
gamZafrebuli sinaze iqceva SiSis SegrZnebad, an eqvemdebareba gandevnas. magram jer kidev ar
aris cnobili Tu saidan momdinareobs gandevnis biZgi.
am SiSs, romelic gandevnili erotiuli ltolvis Sesabamisia, msgavsad bavSvis sxva
SiSebisa ar gaaCnia obieqti. bavSvs ar SeuZlia gaacnobieros Tu risi eSinia da rodesac hanss
ZiZasTan erTad seirnobisas ar unda aRiareba Tu risi eSinia, es niSnavs imas rom man ubralod
ar icis es. piriqiT sakmaod advilia imis axsna, rom saRamos mas imitom eSinia, rom libido
gansakuTrebuli ZaliT ipyrobs hanss, xolo am libidos obieqti aris deda, mizani dedasTan
Zili.
e. i. SiSi gandevnili survilis Sesabamisia, magram ara eqvivalenturi, gandevna
garkveulwilad
axdens
Tavis
zegavlenas.
survili
SesaZlebelia
sruliad
iyos
74
rodesac mama froidTan vizitis Semdeg brundeba hansi mas kidev erT akrZalul ocnebas
gaumxels: Cven viyaviT vagonSi, gavtexeT SuSa da policielma wagviyvana.
es aris Jirafebis fantaziis marTebuli gagrZeleba. hansi grZnobs, rom ar SeiZleba dedis
floba; rom is sisxlis aRrevis zRvars miuaxlovda. magram mis fantaziebSi is mamasTan erTad
aris. misi azriT mamac dedasTan idumal kavSirSia, raSic garkveulwilad Zaladobac
igulisxmeba, raRac SuSis msxvrevis, an dacul sivrceSi SeRwevis msgavsi.
mama Svili froidTan vizitze arian.
konsultacia xanmoklea. saubari iwyeba hansis cxenebis SiSTan dakavSirebiT. aRsaniSnavia,
rom cxenebis SiSi da dedisadmi ltolva sakmaod bundovnad ukavSirdeba erTmaneTs. is detalebi
romelic froidma gamoarkvia (hanss yvelaze ufro metad aSinebda is, rom cxnebes aqvT raRac
Tvalebze da raRac Savi pirTan), sruliad gaugebari iyo da ar eqvemdebareboda axsnas im
monacemebis gaTvaliswinebiT rac mas qonda. froidi xumrobiT ekiTxeba hanss: misi cxenebi
saTvaleebs xom ar atareben? is amas uaryofs. mama xom ar atarebs saTvaleebs? miuxedavad imisa
rom es asea, hansi am faqtsac uaryofs. raRac Savi pirTan ulvaSi xom ar aris? Semdeg
froidi mas uxsnis rom hansi mamisadmi SiSs ganicdis, vinaidan mas Zalian uyvars deda.
ukana gzaze hansi ekiTxeba mamas: profesori RmerTs elaparakeba, raxan mas yvelafris
Tqma SeuZlia winaswar?
ra Tqma unda mosalodneli ar iyo rom axsna ganmartebis Semdeg hansi sruliad
ganTavisfuldeboda Tavisi fobiebisagan, magram aRmoCnda, rom mas mieca Tavisi aracnobieri
produqciis aRmoCenisa da fobiis garRvevis SesaZlebloba.
Semdeg aRwerilia pacientis etapobrivi gaumjobeseba da SiSis Tanmimdevruli
gaqarcylebis/klebis procesi.
hansi Tavisi azrebis gamoTqmaSi ukidures sizustes aRwevs. is miaxvedrebs mamas, rom
misadmi siyvaruli da aseve metoqeobis SegrZneba dedisadmi ltolvidan gamomdinare, es
grZnobebi erTmaneTs ebrZvian da hansi gamoxatavs sayvedurs, rom mamam saTanado yuradReba ar
miaqcia am grZnobebis TamaSs, romelic sabolood SiSSi gadaizarda.
hansis fobia kidev ufro met detalur ganviTarebas iZens.
mama ekiTxeba mas, Tu risi eSinia ase Zalian: me meSinia, rom cxenebi daecemian moxvevis
dros. aseve is Relavs, rodesac satvirToebi moZraobas iwyeben. mas ufro metad eSinia
satvirTo cxenebis, vidre patarebis, soflis cxenebis ufro metad, vidre eleganturebis
(romlebic ekipaJebSi arian Sebmuli). mas aseve Zalian eSinia, rodesac satvirTo didi
siswrafiT mieqaneba, vidre maSin rodesac cxenebi nela midian. es gansxvavebebe bolo dReebSi
gamovlinda.
SemiZlia avRniSno, rom analizis meSveobiT, ara marto pacienti, aramed misi fobiac
ufro gabeduli gaxda.
hansi Semdeg aRwers Tavis survils satvirToebze ZromialTan dakavSirebiT.
froidi ambobs, rom hansis TamaSi datvirTul satvirToebTan dakavSirebiT sxva survilis
simbolur da Canacvlebis xasiaTs atarebs, survilis romelic jer ar aris gamoTqmuli.
SesaZlebelia gabedulad mogveCvenos, magram am survilis konstruireba exlave SeiZleba.
mamasTan dialogSi vlindeba, rom hanss eSinia omnibusebis, vinaidan erTxel man dainaxa Tu
rogor daeca cxeni omnibusSi. mas kidev ufro metad SeeSinda, rodesac davardnilma cxenma
Cliqebis qneva daiwyo.
froidi aRniSnavs Tu ramdenad universaluria msgavsi tipis fobia. is mimarTulia
cxenebsa da ekipaJebze, cxenebis kbenasa da vardnaze, gansakuTrebuli niSanTvisebebis mqone
cxenebze, satvirToebze, romlebis gadatvirTulia. gansakuTrebiT unda aRniSnos mamis mier
gamokvleuli Semdegi punqti. gairkva fobiis gaCenis namdvili mizezi. momenti rodesac hansma
didi mzidavi cxenis vardna dainaxa da mamis erT-erTi ganmarteba miuTiTebs imaze, rom hanss
maSin surda mamac aseve waqceuliyo momkvdariyo.
hansis mdgomareoba gaumjobesebisaken midis. misi qmedebis radiusi izrdeba. is mopirdapire
trotuarze gadarbenasac ki bedavs. SiSi romelic mas gaaCnia mxolod omnibuss ukavSirdeba, am
SiSis mizezi ar aris cnobili.
77
kidev erTi detali aris gaanalizebuli hansisa da mamis dialogSi. mama mas eubneba, rom
icis ra SemTxvevaSi abakunebs fexebs hansi. hansi awyvetinebs da eubneba, rom maSin rodesac is
gabrazebulia an sWirdeba lumpf-is gakeTeba (defekaciis aqti). mama eubneba, rom hansi maSinac
abakunebs fexebs rodesac wiwi unda.
froidi adasturebs, rom es asea, vinaidan bavSvma dasturi gamoTqva imiT, rom wiwi
mounda. mama froids ekiTxeba Tu ras SeiZleba niSnavdes cxenis Cliqebis qneva. froidi
pasuxobs, rom SesaZlebelia es hanss Sardis gaSvebis moTxovnilebasTan aqvs asocirebuli. hansi
amas adasturebs saubris dros, rodesac miuTiTebs fexebis bakunis xmauris sxva
mniSvnelobebzec.
hansis deda mamas sayidlebis Sesaxeb esaubreba da yviTeli pantalonis demonstrirebisas
hansi iZaxis fui. deda aRniSnavs, rom man ramodenimejer ukve gamoxata msgavsi damokidebuleba.
hanss problemebi aqvs defekaciasTan dakavSirebiT da misi da mamis saubari am Temas
ukavSirdeba. hanss imdenad gaZlierebuli koliti aqvs, rom dedamisma eqims mimarTa. eqimma
daaskvna, rom kolitis mizezia gadametebuli kveba, rac Seesabameboda sinamdviles. kvebis klebis
Semdeg mdgomareoba gaumjobesda, magram bolo dReebis ganmavlobaSi kuWSi Sekruloba gaxSirda.
mimdinareobs saubari pantalonebTan dakavSirebiT.
saubris dasasruls irkveva, rom hansi ityueba.
am istoriis garkvevisaTvis froidi aRniSnavs, rom hansi pirferobs rodesac Tavis Tavs
kmayofilad asaRebs am TemebTan dakavSirebiT saubrisas.
rodesac mamis mimarT uxeSobas avlens es niRabis CamoSorebas niSnavs. saubari exeba iseT
Temebs, romlebic misTvis adre didad sasiamovno iyvnen, exla ki gandevnis mdgomareobaSi es
yvelaferi masSi sircxvilsa da usiamovnebas iwvevs. is ityueba rodesac dedis mier
pantalonebis Cacma-gaxdaze saubrobs. sinamdvileSi pantalonebis Tema ukavSirdeba defekaciis
sirTuleebs.
mama ekiTxeba dedas yofila Tu ara SemTxveva rodesac hansi masTan erTad iyo kolzetSi.
deda adasturebs amas.
dasamaxsovrebelia es gandevnili siamovneba dedis defekaciis aqtis dros xilvasTan
dakavSirebiT.
mama esaubreba hanss cxenebis SiSis gaCenasTan dakavSirebiT, rodesac is da maspinZlis
Svilebi gmundenSi TamaSobdnen ezoSi. mamas unda, rom hansma aRiaros fricis waqceva, magram
hansi uaryofs (Tumca mogvianebiT gairkveva mamis varaudi swori aRmoCnda). Semdeg saubris Tema
gadainacvlebs bertaze, romelic hansis sityvebiT interess gamoxatavda misi wiwimacher-is
xilvasTan dakavSirebiT. dialogis ganmavlobaSi hansi aRiarebs, rom mas qonda imis survili,
rom bertas da olRas wiwimacher-i enaxa. rodesac mama uebneba rom is ityueba da aseve dedis
wiwimacher-is naxvis survilic qonda, hansi pasuxobs: dedis ra Tqma unda.
Semdeg hansi saubrobs Tavisi SegrZnebebis Sesaxeb pantalonebTan dakavSirebiT. me
vifurTxebodi imitom, rom Savi pantalonebi imdenad Savia, ramdenadac lumpf-i, xolo yviTeli
rogorc wiwi, rodesac me maT vuyureb me meCveneba, rom minda wiwi.
hansi aRiarebs rom mas eSinoda laincSi klozetSi siarulis imis gamo, rom rodesac
wyali Cairecxeboda es iwvevda saSinel xmaurs. saxlSi es imdenad xmaurianad ar xdeba, magram
mas mainc eSinia.
froidi am monakveTis Sesaxeb Semdegi saxis daskvnas akeTebs. mama zedmet kiTxvebs svams
da gamokvlevas awarmoebs mza gegmis mixedviT imis nacvlad, rom hanss yvelafris gamoTqmis
saSualeba misces. Sedegad analizi gaurkveveli da saeWvoa. hansi Tavisi mimarTuleba aqvs,
rodesac grZnobs rom am mimarTulebis Secvlas cdiloben is Cumdeba. rogorc Cans gaurkveveli
mizezis gamo misi interesi mimarTulia lumpf-sa da wiwi-ze. xmaurTan dakavSirebuli istoria
iseve bundovania rogorc istoria pantalonebis Sesaxeb. froidi fiqrobs rom hansis smenam
moaxdina qalisa da mamakacis moSardvis gansxvaveba. analizma moaxdina masalis xelovnuri
SekumSva da misi dayvana moSardvisa da defekaciis sxvaobamde. froidi aqve aRniSnavs, rom
imaTTvis visac fsiqoanalizi ar ganuxorcielebia ar Rirs detalebis zedmiwevniTi
gaTvaliswineba.
78
aRwerilia hasis kidev erTi fantazia: me vzivar abazanaSi, modis santeqniki da abazanis
Camoxsnas iwyebs. Semdeg is iRebs did xelsawyos da mucelSi martyams.
mama am fantazias Semdegnairad xsnis, rom santeqniki TiTon aris, abazanaSi yofna ki
dedasTan loginSi wolasTan aris gaigivebuli.
hansi kidev erT fantazias aRwers: Cven mivdivarT gmundenSi. gaCerebaze zeda kabis Cacmas
viwyebT, magram ver vaswrebT da matarebels mivyavarT.
Semdeg mama akavSirebs cxenis vardnas da defekaciis process. cxeni romelic vardeba da
amasTanave did xmaurs gamoscems fexebiT aris lumpf-i, romelic vardnisas aseve did xmaurs
gamoscems (hansi iZaxis rom rodesac cxeni lumpf-s akeTebs es aris iseTive xmauriani procesi
rogorc rodesac lumpf-i qoTanSi vardeba). defekaciis SiSi, gadatvirTuli satvirTos SiSi
gadatvirTuli muclis SiSis Sesabamisia.
froidi aRniSnavs, rom mamisaTvis nel-nela vlindeba sinamdvile.
hansi aRniSnavs rom kargi iqneboda gmundenSi abazana rom yofiliyo.
aRwerilia hansis SiSi did abazanaSi banaobasTan dakavSirebiT. mas ar surs Cawola did
abazanaSi is fexze, an muxlebze dgomiT arCevs banaobas.
froidi aRniSnavs, rom es ukanaskneli sityvebi bolo or fantazias Soris (santeqnikisa
da gmundenSi warumatebeli mgzavrobis Sesaxeb) kavSirs adgenen. bolo fantaziidan gamomdinare
mamam swori daskvna gamoitana, gmundenis mimarT hanss siZulvili aqvs. amave dros aq
warmodgenilia naTeli magaliTi, Tu rogor xdeba aracnobieridan gamomdinare Sinaarsebis
gamorkveva ara winare, aramed momdevno masalaze dayrdnobiT.
meuRle uyveba mamas, rom rodesac hansi iyo aivanze man uTxra dedas: me megona, rom ana
aivanze iyo da Cavarda. mama xSirad eubneboda hanss rom miexeda anasTvis aivanze. aq sakmaod
naTlad vlindeba hansis gandevnili survili. deda ekiTxeba mas ra ufro esiamovneboda rom ana
saerTod ar arsebobdes? razec hansi damadastureblad pasuxobs.
ramodenime dRis ganmavlobaSi anasTan dakavSirebuli Tema aqtualuria. hansi aRniSnavs,
rom ukeTesi iqneboda werosTvis fuli miecaT, rom meti ar moetana bavSvebi didi yuTidan
(froidi aRniSnavs, rom SesaZlebelia es yuTi igive omnibusia)
erTxel hansi svams kiTxvas imis Sesaxeb, aris Tu ara damarxuli adamiani troruaris
qveS, Tu es mxolod sasaflaoebze xdeba? froidi xazs usvams rom mas uCndeba kiTxva ara
marto cxovrebis, aramed sikvdilis saidumloebasTan dakavSirebiTac.
aqve moyvanilia hansis kidev erTi fantazia da aRniSnulia rom ana gaigivebulia lumpfTan: anam CvenTan erTad imgzavra gmundenSi, is yuTSi iyo. Sen aRar gjera Cemi? es sinamdvilea.
Cven amoviReT didi yuTi, romelic savse iyo bavSvebiT, isini isxdnen iq abazanaSi (am yuTSi
Tavsdeboda abazana). me isini iq Cavsvi. kargad maxsovs es. aq ukve gamoikveTa is, rom yuTi da
abazana misTvis erTi da igivea da gaigivebulia im sivrcesTan sadac bavSvebi imyofebian.
mama axsenebs mas, rom anam imgzavra oRond kupeSi. hansi aqve xazs usvams, rom is adrec
mgzavrobda maTTan erTad oRond yuTSi.
mama miuTiTebs, rom yuTi hansisTvis dedis mucelTan aris gaigivebuli.
hansi iwyebs uazro fantazirebas, razec froidi Semdeg daskvnas akeTebs.
es ar aris ubralod uazro fantazia. es aris hansis samagiero mamis mimarT, romelic
daaxloebiT Semdegi Sinaarsisaa: Tuki Sen SegiZlia ifiqro, rom me mjera weroebis, maSin
rodesac Cven zafxulSi gmundenSi mivdiodiT da me SevamCnie rom dedas didi muceli aqvs, me
viTxov rom Senc exla es uazroba daijero. misi mtkiceba, rom anam gasul zafxulsac imgzavra
gmundenSi, oRond yuTiT, niSnavs mis gacnobierebulobas dedis orsulobis Sesaxeb. is rom
samomavlodac varaudobs yuTiT mgzavrobas, niSnavs warsulidan aracnobieri azrebis
aRmocenebas, an kidev gansakuTrebul safuZvels SiSisa, rom zafxulis gamgzavrebisaTvis deda
isev orsulad iqneba. aqve gamoikveTa mizezi imisa, Tu ram gaafuWa misi winare mgzavroba
gmundenSi, - es misi meore fantaziidanac ikveTeba.
Semdeg mama esaubreba anasTan dakavSirebiT da vlindeba rom hanss urCevnia rom ana
saerTod ar gaCenliyo. rodesac deda mas abanavebs, hansi swored amitom fiqrobs rom is anas
xels gauSvebs, ana wyalSi Cavardeba da mokvdeba.
mama: da Semdeg Sen marto darCebi dedasTan? magram karg biWebs amis survili ar aqvT.
79
hansi yveba Tavisi Svilebis Sesaxeb. aseve asaxelebs vinme lodis, romelic mamis azriT ar
arsebuli pirovnebaa. froidi aRniSnavs, rom SesaZlebelia hansi sadme Sexvda lodis da Semdeg
igi qalis ideals miamsgavs (dedas). mama ekiTxeba esaubreba Tu ara igi Svilebs.
hansi: Tu yvela bavSvi ar wveboda loginSi, zogierTs taxtze vawvendi, zogs ki sabavSvo
etlSi. Tu kidev rCebodnen bavSvebi, me isini sxvenze mimyavda da yuTSi vawvendi; iq kidev iyvnen
bavSvebi da me isini yuTSi Cavawvine.
hansi iZaxis rom bavSvebi mas anas gaCenis Semdeg yavs. rodesac mama ekiTxeba Tu visgan
yavs mas Svilebi. hansi pasuxobs: Cemgan.
froidi xazs usvams rom autoerotizmis gaTvaliswinebiT sxva pasuxi arc iyo
mosalodneli.
mama hanss ekiTxeba rodesac is lumpf-s akeTebda xom ar fiqrobda rom bavSvi uCndeba.
hansi dasturad pasuxobs.
SiSma TiTqmis sruliad ganvlo. hansi ubralod cdilobs saxlTan axlos darCes, rom
SeSinebis SemTxvevaSi dabrunebis SesaZlebloba qondes. magram is ar Semorbis saxlSi, is quCaSi
rCeba. misi avadmyofoba daiwyo mas Semdeg rodesac is tiriliT dabrunda gaseirnebidan, xolo
rodesac is meorejer waiyvanes gasaseirneblad is mxolod sabaJos sadguramde mivida, saidanac
jer kidev moCans Cveni saxli. dedis mSobiarobis dros is ra Tqma unda misgan moSorebuli iyo
da amJamindeli SiSi, romelic mas xels uSlis saxlisagan Sors wasvlaSi, dedisadmi maSindeli
dardis Sesatyvisia.
30 aprils hansi isev eTamaSeba Tavis warmosaxul Svilebs. mama eubneba: rogor arian
Seni Svilebi? Sen xom ici, rom biWs ar SeuZlia bavSvebi yavdes.
hansi: vici. adre me deda viyavi, exla ki mama var.
mama: vin aris am bavSvebis deda?
hansa: deda, Sen ki babua xar.
mama: e. i. Sen ginda rom iyo didi, gyavdes colad deda da rom mas yavdes Svilebi?
hansi: ho, minda. is, romelic laincSia (bebia) iqneboda bebia.
yvelaferi Zalian kargad sruldeba. patara oidiposma ufro bednieri gadawyveta moZebna,
vidre es bedisweriT iyo ganpirobebuli. is mamas usurvebs imave bednierebas, rasac sakuTar
Tavs, amitom mamas babuad aqcevs da sakuTar dedaze daaqorwinebs.
hansi aRwers kidev erT fantazias. is eubneba mamas:
sadilamde me Cems SvilebTan erTad viyavi klozetSi. iq gavakeTe lumpf-i da wiwi-i, isini
miyurebdnen, Semdeg bavSvebmac gakeTes lumpf-i da wiwi-i, me maT qaRaldiT gavuwminde. ici
ratom? imitom rom me minda myavdes bavSvebi. me maT yvelafers gavukeTebdi.
am fantaziis Semdeg ukve zedmetia eWvis Setana hansis eqskrementalur funqciebTan
dakavSirebul siamovnebaze.
hansi fantaziorobs imasTan dakavSirebiT rom movida santeqniki da brtyeltuCaTi waarTva
mas ukanali da Semdeg wiwimacher-i. mamamisi am fantazia-survilis azrs xvdeba da ekiTxeba
hanss: man ufro didi wiwimacher-i da ukanali mogca?
hansi: ho!
hanss unda iyos iseTive rogoric aris mama, qondes iseTive ulvaSi da Tma.
hansis winare fantazia abazanasTan dakavSirebiT am fantaziis identuria. aqve ixsneba
hansis didi abazanebisadmi SiSis axleburi midgomac. mas ar siamovnebs rom misi ukanali
zedmetad pataraa did abazanasTan SedarebiT.
erTi kviris Semdeg mamis mier gakeTeuli danamati.
Zvirfaso profesoro! minda hansis istorias danamati gavukeTo.
1pirveli gankurnebis Semdeg hansi modioda saseirnod, magram ZaldatanebiT da sakmaod
SeSinebuli. erTxel is mxolod sadgur sabaJomde gamomyva, saidanac Cveni saxli
moCans, Semdeg ki aRar moisurva wamosvla.
82
2rac Seexeba sityvebs Jolos wveni da Tofi. Jolos wvens hanss aZleven Sekrulobis
SemTxvevaSi. sityva Tofi hanss gaigivebuli aqvs kuWSi gasvlasTan (gemanulad es ori
sityva gavs erTmaneTs).
3rodesac hansi Cveni saZineblidan sxva oTaxSi gadaiyvanes is 4 wlis iyo.
4avadmyofobis kvali jer kidev darCa, magram ara SiSis, aramed kiTxvebisadmi
sruliad Cveulebrivi daJinebulobis saxiT. es kiTxvebi ZiriTadad exeba imas Tu
risgan aris damzadebuli gansxvavebuli sagnebi (tramvaebi, manqanebi da a. S.)
kiTxvebisaTvis damaxasiaTebelia is, rom miuxedvad TavisTvis arsebuli mza pasuxebisa,
hansi mainc kiTxulobs. mas surs darwmuneba. rodesac man mama SeaRona Tavisi
kiTxvebiT da ukanasknelma kiTxa: Sen ggonia, rom me yvela kiTxvaze maqvs mza pasuxi?
hansi eubneba: me megona rom Sen esec icodi raxan cxenis Sesaxeb yvelaferi ici.
5Tavis avadmyofobaze hansi saubrobs rogorc warsulze: maSin, rodesac me sisulele
mqonda.
6erTi gadauwyveteli sakiTxia is, rom hansi Tavs imtvrevs imasTan dakavSirebiT Tu
ras akeTebs mama, Tuki bavSvs deda aCens. es Cans misi kiTxvebidan. xom marTalia rom me
Senc gekuTvni da ara mxolod dedas.
7aseve aqve SeiZleba davamatoT, rom hansis ukanaskneli fantaziidan gamomdinare moxda
kastraciis SiSis daZleva, amasTanave damqancveli molodini gaumjobesebis imedSi
gadaizarda. modis eqimi, santeqniki, arTmevs mas peniss, magram mxolod imisaTvis, rom
Semdeg ufro didi daubrunos.
rac Seexeba danarCens, umjobesia patara mkvlevarma naadrevad SeiZinos gamocdileba da
icodes rom SeZenili codna aris mxolod da mxolod kidev erTi safexuri da rom yovelTvis
rCeba gadauwyveteli sakiTxebic.
zogadad,
ganszvavebuloba,
gamoiyeneba jgufebis, monacemebis, cvladebisa da a. S. aRsaniSnavad.
romlebic instanciebs Soris mkveTr sxvaobas aCveneben. homogenuroba
zogadad, msgavseba, igiveoba. gamoiyeneba gansxvavebul SemTxvevebSi,
jgufis, sagnebis, monacemebis da a. S. aRsaniSnavad. termini aRniSnavs
imas, rom nagulisxmevi sagnebi ar gansxvavdebian erTmaneTisagan
arsebiTad da mniSvnelobis mxriv.
amgvarad SesaZlebelia aRmocenebuliyo masobrivi individebis Sualeduri,
saSualo xasiaTi. le boni Tvlis rom am individebs aseve gaaCniaT kidev sxva
axali Tvisebebic, romelTac isini ar flobdnen adre da amis mizezs igi sam
gansxvavebul momentSi aRmoaCens.
pirveli mizezia is, rom simravlidan gamomdinare, individi simZlavrisa da
Zlierebis SegrZnebas eufleba, romelic masSi pirvelad ltolvebs aRZravs.
martoobis SemTxvevaSi is iZulebuli iqneboda es ltolvebi daeZlia. anonimurobis
SenarCunebis SesaZleblobidan gamomdinare pasuxismgeblobis SegrZneba sruliad
qreba, romelic individs akavebs yovelTvis. yovelTvis iyo aRniSnuli is rom
egreT wodebuli sindisis marcvals, socialuri SiSi warmoadgens.
meore mizezia is rom gadamdebia, es xels uwyobs masebSi gansakuTrebuli
niSanTvisebebis warmoqmnas da maTi mimarTulebis gansazRvras. gadamdeboba aris
advilad gadmosacemi, magram auxsneli fenomeni, romelic SesaZlebelia iyos
mikuTvnebuli hipnoturi saxis fenomenebisadmi. mesame mizezia STagonebadoba, rac
Seexeba gadamdebobis moments is mxolod da mxolod mis Sedegs warmoadgens.
froids moyvanili aqvs hipnotirebis magaliTi, rom adamiani sruliad
emorCileba im pirovnebas romelic mas cnobierebas arTmevs. swored aseTia im
individis mdgomareobac, romelic fsiqologiur masas ganekuTvneba. is aRar
acnobierebs sakuTar qmedebebs.
aqedan gamomdinare masaSi myofi individis ganmasxvavebeli maxasiaTebelebia
Semdegi saxis: cnobieri pirovnebis gaqroba, aracnobieri pirovnebis upiratesoba,
STagonebadobis da gadamdebobis Sedegad azrTa da grZnobaTa orientacia erTsa
da imave mimarTulebiT., STagonebuli ideebis dauyovnebeli ganxorcielebis
tendencia. individi aRar warmoadgens pirovnebas, is ukve avtomatia.
froidi cdilobs moaxdinos gadamdebobisa da STagonebadobis gansxvavebas.
gadamdeboba ufro metad urTierTzemoqmedebas, masis calkeuli wevrebis mier
erTmaneTze moxdenil gavlenas warmoadgens, xolo STagonebadobis movlena
hipnozis zegavlenas ufro waagavs zegavlenas romelic gansxvavebuli wyarodan
momdinareobs. am SemTxvevaSi le bons ar yavs dasaxelebuli is pirovneba romelic
axdens hipnotur zegavlenas masaze. is ubralod ansxvavebs maT.
84
gaTavisebuli aqvs mas mtrebi imdenad uyvars rom unda SeWamos isini, xolo vinc
ar uyvars imas ar Wams.
rogorc ukve cnobilia, identifikacia emocionaluri kavSiris yvelaze
adreul da pirvandel formas warmoadgens, simptomebis warmoqmnis pirobebSi xdeba
ise, rom obieqturi arCevani isev identifikaciaSi vlindeba, anu me obieqtis
Tvisebebs gaiSinagnebs. mesame da sakmaod xSir SemTxvevas warmoadgens is, rom
identifikacia sruliad moklebulia obieqtur damokidebulebas im piris mimarT
romlis kopirebac xdeba. froids moyavs pansionSi gogonas mier miRebul
sasiyvarulo werilTan dakavSirebiT eWvianobis Seteva, romelic gadaedeba sxva
gogonebsac.
simptomis gavliT identifikacia orive me-sTvis maTi pirovnebis romelime
nawilis urTierTgadafarvis maCvenebels warmoadgens, im nawilisa romelic
gandevnili unda iyos.
am sami wyarodan miRebuli cnobebi SesaZlebelia iyos reziumirebuli
Semdegi saxiT: pirveli identifikacia warmoadgens yvelaze pirvelad formas
obieqtTan emociuri kavSirisa, meore regresuli gziT, obieqtis introeqciis
saxiT me-Si, is libidonozuri obieqturi kavSiris Senacvlebas warmoadgens, da
mesame is SesaZlebelia aRmocendes nebismieri msgavsebis aRmocenebis SemTxvevaSi,
saerTo maxasiaTeblis mqone pirTan, romelic ar warmoadgens pirveladi
seqsualuri ltolvebis obieqts.
froids moyavs homoseqsualis magaliTi, rogor ganicdis is identifikacias
dedasTan da aqedan gamomdinare irCevs iseT obieqts romelic mas iseve moefereba
rogorc deda.
kidev erTi magaliTi obieqtis aseTi introeqciisa aris melanqolia, afeqti,
romelic Tavisi warmoqmnis erT-erT Zireul mizezad sayvareli obieqtis danakargs
ganixilavs.
VIII Seyvarebuloba da hipnozi
froidi amtkicebs, rom mTeli rigi SemTxvevebidan gamomdinare Seyvarebuloba
warmoadgens fsiqikur Sepyrobilobas obieqtiT, romelic nakarnaxevia pirveladi
seqsualuri ltolvebiT da seqsualuri dakmayofilebis miznebiT, xolo miznis
miRwevis Semdgom is qreba; es aris swored is, rasac uwodeben ucvlel, grZnobad
siyvaruls. Tumca libidonozuri situacia iSviaTad aris aseTi martivi saxis. is
faqti rom dakmayofilebuli moTxovnileba isev aRmocendeba ganapirobebs
obieqtisadmi siyvaruls im droiTi monakveTis ganmavlobaSic rodesac ltolva ar
aris.
aqve froidi aRniSnavs pirveladi ltolvebis mimarTulebebis Sesaxeb, bavSvis
cxovrebis pirveli xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi. Semdeg ki, mowifulobisas Cndeba
axali intensiuri miswrafebebi, romlebic pirdapir seqsualur miznebzea
mimarTuli. am SemTxvevaSi mamakaci ganicdis ltolvas im qalebis mimarT
romelTac maRalfardovnad afasebs, magram mas ar uCndeba am qalTan sasiyvarulo
urTierTobis survili, is am SemTxvevaSi potenturia mxolod im qalebTan
romlebic ar uyvars, is SesaZloa maT ver itandes kidevac. Tumca ufro xSir
SemTxvevaSi, mamakacs aqvs unari garkveuli saxis sinTezi awarmoos, ugrZnobi
zeciuri siyvarulis da mgrZnobiare, miwieri siyvarulisa. siyvarulis siRrme
SesaZlebelia iyos gazomili nazi mizandabrkolebuli instinqtebisa da ubralo
grZnobiTi ltolvis Soris arsebuli SedarebiT.
Seyvarebulobis SemTxvevaSi obieqts epyrobian rogorc sakuTar mes, rac
niSnavs imas, rom Seyvarebulobisas narcisistuli libidos umetesi nawili
gadaitaneba obieqtze. obieqtis arCevanis zogierT SemTxvevaSi SesamCnevia rom
obieqti sakuTari miuRwevari me-idealis Canacvlebas warmoadgens.
89
Senacvleba. mis adgils ikavebda misi umcrosi Svili, romelic iqamde masis
individi iyo, yvela danarCenis msgavsad. mamaTmTavari aiZulebda mis Svilebs
seqsualuri miswrafebebisagan Tavi SeekavebinaT.
misi seqsualuri Suri da mouTmenloba saboloo jamSi masis fsiqologiad
gadaiqceva.
pirvelyofili tomis pirobebis idealistur gadamuSavebas warmoadgens
eklesiisa da jaris organizaciis konstitucia, romlis saSualebas warmoadgens
iluzia Tanabaruflebiani da Tanaswori siyvaruli Sesaxeb RmerTisa da
mTavarsardalis mxridan. pirvelyofili tomis SemTxvevaSi yvela vaJiSvilma icoda,
rom mama maT Tanabrad devnis da misi Tanabrad Tanasworad eSinoda yvelas.
froidi ixsenebs hipnozisa da STagonebulobis cnebebs. is xazs usvams im
idumal Zalas romelic gamoiyeneba hipnotizioris mier. es Zala xSir SemTxvevaSi
moxseniebuli rogorc magnetizmi albaT primitiuli xalxis tabus msgavsia, es
swored is Zalaa romelic gaaCniaT mefeebsa da meTaurebs da romelic maT
moaxlovebas saxifaTod aqcevs.
frodis mosazrebiT ferenCim Zalian zustad miuTiTa rom hipnotiziori
daZinebis brZanebis gacemiT, mSobelTa rols iRebs sakuTar Tavze. is ganasxvavebs
ori saxis hipnozs: SeparviTs, romelsac dedis prototipi gaaCnia da muqaris
mqones romlis prototips mama warmoadgens.
masis warmoqmnis damTrgunveli, iZulebiTi xasiaTi SesaZlebelia iyos
axsnili misi warmoqmniT pirvelyofili tomidan. masis meTauri jer kidev
mamaTmTavaria, romlisadmic yvela SiSiT aris ganwyobili, masas surs rom is iyos
warmarTuli vinmes mier, is eZebs avtoritets; le bonis sityvebiT masas morCilebis
wyurvili axasiaTebs. mamaTmTavari masis idealia, romelic me-idealis nacvlad
adamianis mes mflobelia / mmarTvelia. hipnozi SesaZlebelia iyos ganmartebuli
rogorc orisgan Semdgari masa, xolo STagoneba SesaZlebelia ganimartos
rogorc darwmunebuloba, romelic ar efuZneba aRqmasa da gonebriv muSaobas,
aramed mxolod erotiul kavSirs.
XI erTi safexuri adamianis me-Si
TiToeuli calkeuli adamiani mravali masis Semadgenel nawils warmoadgens,
is gansxvavebuli aspeqtebiT aris dakavSirebuli identifikaciasTan da Tavisi meideali gansxvavebuli magaliTebis mixedviT aqvs Seqmnili. aqedan gamomdinare
calkeuli adamiani mravali masobrivi suliskveTebis monawilea: Tavisi rasis,
saeklesio Tanamegobrobis, saxelmwifos da a. S. garda amisa mas SeuZlia
priginalurobisa da damoukideblobis garkveul donesac miaRwios.
aseve ukve naTelia rom calkeuli adamiani uaryofs Tavis me-ideals da
anacvlebs mas masobrivi idealiT, romelic gansaxierebulia beladSi. Tumca mesa
da me-idealis daSoreba mravali individis SemTxvevaSi ar aris Zalian mkveTri, me
inarCunebs adreul narcisistul TviTkmayofilebas. es garemoeba aadvilebs /
amsubuqebs beladis arCevans.
is rac froidma daamata masis libidonozuri struqturis axsnas, daiyvaneba
mesa da me-idealis gansxvavebasa da am niadagze ormagi kavSiris arsebobaze
identifikacia da me-idealis Canacvleba obieqtiT.
TiToeuli fsiqikuri diferencireba fsiqikuri funqciisaTvis kidev erT
sirTules warmoadgens, amaRlebs mis labilobas da SesaZloa funqciis moSlis
anu avadmyofobis mizezadac ki iqces.
froidi aRniSnavs rom danawevreba mesa da me-idealze periodulad uku
processac unda Seicavdes, vinaidan SeuZlebelia ase grZeldebodes mudmivad.
miuxedavad yvela uaryofisa da SezRudvisa romelic mes pasuxismgeblobaSi Sedis,
akrZalvebis perioduli garRveva kanonzomierebas warmoadgens, amis magaliTia
dResaswaulebis daniSvna.
92
froids
moyvanili
aqvs
magaliTad
misi
damokidebuleba meuRlisa da misi sayvarlisadmi. froidi wamoWris kiTxvas, Tu
ratom SeimCneva tendencia dostoevskis mikuTvnebisa danaSaulis CamdenTa
kategoriisadmi? razec ismis Semdegi saxis pasuxi: misi personaJebis arCevanis gamo
egocentruli pirovnebebi, mkvlelebi, moZaladeebi, rac metyvelebs msgavsi
midrekilebebis gamoxatulebaze TviT mweralSic. am SemTxvevaSi dasturia
ramodenime realuri faqtic misi midrekileba da siyvaruli azartuli TamaSebis
mimarT da aseve arasrulwlovani gogos gaxrwnac (sakmarisia misi aRsarebis
wakiTxva). froidis azriT es Sinagani winaaRmdegoba gadawyvetilia
Semdegi saxiT: dostoevskis sakmaod Zlieri midrekileba ngrevisadmi
ZiriTadad momarTuli iyo sakuTar Tavze (ara gareT aramed SigniT) da
hpova Tavisi gamovlineba danaSaulis SegrZnebasa da mazohizmSi. Tumca am
pirovnebaSi aseve SeiniSneba sadisturi midrekilebebic, froidi aRniSnavs rom es
Tviseba vlindeboda misi axloblebis mimarT da aseve xazs usvams sadistur
damokidebulebas mkiTxvelisadmic, Tumca garkveulwilad dostoevski aseve
sadisturia sakuTari Tavis mimarTac, igive mazohisturi, rac mTlianobaSi mas
xatavs rogorc rbil da mgrZnobiare adamians, romelic yovelTvis mzad aris
daexmaros nebismiers.
amgvarad, dostoevskis rTul pirovnebaSi sami faqtori iqna gamoyofili
ori xarisxobrivi da erTi raodenobrivi. misi sakmaod maRali midrekileba
feTqebadi vnebebisadmi da gadaulaxavi swrafva perversiisadmi, romelic unda
dasrulebuliyo sado-mazohizmiT an romelsac unda Camoeyaliba masSi danaSaulis
Camdeni da bolos misi SemoqmedebiTi niWi, romelic praqtikulad ar eqvemdebareba
analizs. erTmaneTTan dapirispirebaSi myofi Zalebis pirveladi ltolvebisa da
maTi sapirispiro Sekavebis arsebobiT dostoevski SesaZlebelia mivakuTvnoT
impulsuri xasiaTebis kategorias. magram amgvari mosazreba mxolod da mxolod
nevrozis SeniRbvas warmoadgens. froidi iZleva axsna-ganmartebas rom
nevrozi aris mxolod da mxolod imis niSani, rom mem ver moaxdina
dapirispirebaSi myofi Zalebis sinTezi da am mcdelobisas dakarga
Tavisi mTlianoba.
dostoevski, (aseve sxvebic iziarebdnen am mosazrebas), sakuTar Tavs Tvlida
epileptikosad. froidi varaudobs, rom es e. w. epilepsia mxolod da mxolod misi
nevrozis simptoms warmoadgenda, romelic SesaZlebelia iyos gansazRvruli
rogorc istero-epilepsia, sxva sityvebiT isteriis mZime forma.
froidi aRwers am Setevebis maxasiaTeblebs, aRwers uneblie krunCxvebs,
xasiaTis cvlilebas, agresiulobis matebas da yvelanairi saxis sulieri
qmediTunarianobis daqveiTebas. is aseve ganasxvavebs ramodenime
variants
epileptikuri Setevisa: krunCxvebs, cnobierebis srul dakargvas wamierad da aseve
Tavbrus
xvevebs.
es
erTi
SexedviT
fizikuri
mdgomareobebi
/
gamovlinebebi ganpirobebulia fizikuri mizezebiT (ramdenad ucanauric
ar unda iyos es) da SesaZlebelia aRmocendes konkretuli sulieri
gancdebidan gamomdinare (SiSi) da SemdgomSi SesaZloa iyvnen srul
kavSirSi sulier gancdebTan.
umravlesobisaTvis am avadmyofobis SemTxvevaSi inteleqtualuri degradacia
aris damaxasiaTebeli, magram cnobilia iseTi SemTxvevebic rodesac is ar momxdara
(helmholci).
froidi aRniSnavs, rom epilefsiiT daavadebulni garSemomyofebze utvino,
ganuviTarebeli adamianis STabeWdilebas toveben, vinaidan es avadmyofoba xSir
SemTxvevaSi vlindeba idiotizmis formiT da tvinis seriozul defeqtebs
ganapirobebs, Tumca es ar aris aucilebeli komponenti. aseve froidi aRniSnavs
96
gaigivebulia
da
warmoadgens onanizmis moTxovnilebis eqvivalents, is Tvlis rom
bavSvebis mier sasqeso organoebze warmoebuli manipulaciebic TamaSis
msgavsia.
aseve cvaigis romanSi arsebuli dedis gaigiveba meZavTan swored am fantaziis
Semadgeneli nawili da Sedegia. am SemTxvevaSi garegani gaformeba ubralod faravs
am moTxrobis fsiqoanalitikur sazriss.
100
froidi aRniSnavs rom mas jer kidev ar Sexvedria arc erTi iseTi mZime
nevrozis SemTxveva, rodesac adreuli periodis autoerotiuli dakmayofileba da
mowifulobis periodis dakmayofileba gadamwyveti mniSvnelobis mqone ar
yofiliyo da ar Seesrulebina garkveuli saxis roli, amasTanave misi (am
dakmayofilebis) daTrgunvisa da mamisadmi SiSis Soris arsebuli kavSiris Sesaxeb
ukve cnobilia.
fsiqoanalizi da kultura
leonardo da vinCi
bavSvobis mogonebani
I.
leonardo da vinCi (1452 1519) iyo italiuri renesansis erT-erTi udidesi
warmomadgeneli. magram rogorc misi TanamedroveebisTvis, aseve CvenTvisac igi
idumalebiT moculi rCeba.
gansxvavebuli niWis SeerTeba erT pirovnebaSi renesansis periodSi miRebuli
iyo da es ar iyo leonardos idumalebis mizezi. is ar miekuTvneboda aseve iseTi
avadmyofuri tipis geniosTa kategorias, romelnic fizikuri monacemebiT ar
gamoirCeodnen da gaurbodnen adamianebTan urTierTobas. piriqiT, is iyo maRali,
tanadi, gamorCeuli silamazis saxis mqone, gamorCeuli fizikuri Zalis mqone,
momxiblavi adamianebTan urTierTobisas, kargi oratori, mxiaruli da kargi
mosaubre pirovneba.
mxiarulebisa da siamovnebaTa moyvaruli pirovnebis iersaxe ufro metad
Seesabameba leonardos mxolod cxovrebis pirvel da ufro xangrZliv periods. mas
Semdeg rac ludoviko moros Zalauflebis dasasrulma aiZula leonardo
mietovebina milani da safrangeTSi daewyo moxetiale cxovrebis stiliT arseboba,
mas Semdeg misma mxiarulma ganwyobam iklo da misi xasiaTis ucnauri
maxasiaTeblebic warmoCinda.
wlebis ganmavlobaSi misi interesi mecnierebisadmi kidev ufro metad
Rrmavdeboda, rac aSorebda mas mxatvrobisagan. misi cdebisadmi midrekileba da
Semecnebisadmi swrafva aisaxa mis samxatvro Semoqmedebaze. is naklebad iRebda
xelSi funjs, xSirad tovebda dawyebul naxats. swored amis gamo akritikebdnen
mas misi Tanamedroveebi.
Tumca mravali cdilobda am naklis dafarvas da amgvar damokidebulebas
qmnilebebisadmi xsnida zogadad nebismieri mxatvris xasiaTis TvisebiT. didi
SemoqmedisaTvis is mxatvruli nawarmoebi romelic iqmneba mis mier yovelTvis
Soria im idealisagan romelic mas warmoudgenia, rasac ver amCnevs rigiTi
damkvirveblis Tvali. Tumca zogierTis mosazrebiT es momenti avlenda garkveuli
saxis SiSis arsebobas. SiSisa, romelic eufleba Semoqmeds xelovnebis sidiadis
SegrZnebidan gamomdinare.
froidi aRniSnavs leonardos muSaobis sidinjes, saidumlo serobaze is
muSaobda sami wlis ganmavlobaSi. aseve aRwerilia is faqtebi romlis mixedviTac
leonardo sakmaod didi xnis ganmavlobaSi siRrmiseulad akvirdeboda Tavis
namuSevrebs da is, rom SesaZlebeli iyo ramodenime dRe ar emuSava Tumca Semdeg
mTeli dReebi xaraCoebze gaetarebina. rac piriqiT metyvelebda ara mis
gulgrilobaze, aramed Rrma wvdomaze misi namuSevrebisa, sapirispirod im
mosazrebis romlis Tanaxmadac Semoqmedi tovebs muSaobas rodesac grZnobs, rom
ideali ar Seesabameba mis mier Seqmnil realobas.
leonardos Semoqmedeba da misi muSaobis neli stili ar Seesabameboda
freskaze muSaobas, sadac aucilebelia rom namuSevari iyos dasrulebuli sanam
grunti gaSreba. swored amitom irCevda is zeTis saRebavs rac SesaZleblobas
aniWebda rom samuSao procesi yofiliyo gawelili. swored es bedi ewvia mis
namuSevars romelsac is asrulebda miqelanjelosTan konkursis dros Anghiari,
mxedarTa brZola.
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RvTaebas, romelsac qonda an Zeris Tavi an ramodenime Tavi sadac erT-erTi mainc
Zeris iyo. am qalRmerTis saxeli iyo muti.
froids ukvirs Tu rogor amoirCies egviptelebma dedis aRmniSvnel
simbolod Zera. erT-erTi mosazreba ukavSirdeba im faqts rom adre egonaT TiTqos
da Zera mxolod mdedrobiTi sqesis arsebobda da rom am jiSis Cits ar gaaCnda
mamri. xolo rac Seexeba im sakiTxs Tu rogor axerxebdnen Zerebi gamravlebas,
amasTan dakavSirebiT Zalian ararealuri zRapari iyo Seqmnili, rom TiTqosda
frenis garkveul momentSi Zera Cerdeba da organoebis gaxsniT ganayofierebas
Rebulobs haeridan. Tumca es ra Tqma unda warmoadgenda zRapars, romlisac ar
sjeroda umravlesobas da romelsac froidis azriT yvebodnen umeteswilad
mxolod sasuliero pirebi, vinaidan maT rwmenas qalwulis ganayofierebasTan
dakavSirebiT, garkveul safuZvels uyrida Zeris qarisagan ganayofierebis faqti.
froidis azriT Zeris Sesaxeb fantaziis Seqmna SesaZlebelia Semdegnairad
warmovidginoT: rodesac man Seityo istoria ZerebSi mxolod mdedrobiTi sqesis
arsebobis Sesaxeb, man Tavi warmoidgina Zeris Svilad, romelsac yavs deda, magram
ar yavs mama. am mogonebas SemouerTda mogoneba siamovnebis Sesaxeb, romelic mas
miuRia dedis ZuZusgan. swored aqedan gamomdinareobs nebismieri mxatvrisaTvis
Zvirfasi RvTismSobeli qalwulisa da yrmis gamosaxuleba. sadac leonardos Tavi
gaigivebuli yavs qristesTan, macxovarTan.
fantaziis analizidan gamomdinare, dedis Canacvleba ZeriT metyvelebs imaze,
rom bavSvi izrdeboda mamis gareSe, dedasTan. am fantazias adasturebs is, rom
leonardos registrireba mamis ojaxSi rogorc ukanonod Sobili bavSvisa Sedga
mxolod maSin, rodesac is ukve xuTi wlis asakis iyo. aqedan gamomdinare sworia
is, rom bavSvi Tavisi yrmobis asakSi dedasTan imyofeboda da mxolod da mxolod
ramodenime wlis Semdeg, rodesac mamis mdidari meuRle, misi dedinacvali
imedgacruebuli darCa sakuTari Svilebis molodinis TvalsazrisiT, is aiyvanes
aRsazrdelad mamis ojaxSi.
froidi Tvlis rom cxovrebis pirveli 3-4 wlis ganmavlobaSi fiqsirdeba
STabeWdilebebi da xdeba garegan samyaroze reagirebis xerxebis gamomuSaveba,
rasac gamoricxulia moakldes mniSvnelovnoba nebismieri saxis gviandeli
gancdidan gamomdinare.
Tuki marTalia, rom adamianis sulier ganviTarebaze gansakuTrebul arsebiT
zegavlenas axdenen bavSvobis gaurkveveli mogonebani da maTze dafuZnebuli
fantaziebi, maSin is faqti romelic aseve ganmtkicebulia Zeris Sesaxeb arsebuli
fantaziiT da is, rom leonardom Tavisi arsebobis pirveli wlebi gaatara
dedasTan, Zalian didi gavlenis mqone unda yofiliyo mis Sinagan samyaroze. am
fantaziidan gamomdinare is kidev ufro metad iyo CaRrmavebuli kvlevaSi Tu
saidan warmoiqmna bavSvi da aseve Tu ra roli ekisreba mamas. am kvlevisa da misi
bavSvobis istoriis Soris arsebuli kavSiris SegrZneba iwvevs SemdgomSi misi
mxridan garkveul aRniSvnas, rom mis bedisweras Tavidanve Citis frenis
problemaSi CaRrmaveba warmoadgenda, vinaidan mas adreul asakSi Zera ewvia.
III.
egviptelT qalRmerTi muti, romelic gamosaxulia Zeris TaviT aris
sruliad usaxuri xasiaTis mqone figura. xSirad is erTvoda sxva dedobriv
RvTaebebs, romelTac ufro metad gamoxatuli individualoba gaaCndaT. Tumca is
arasodes ar kargavda im maxasiaTeblebs riTac sxvebisagan gansxvavdeboda. es aris
egvipturi panTeonis maxasiaTebeli calkeuli RvTaebebi ar ikargebodnen
sinkretizmSi. es dedobrivi RvTaeba, Zeris TaviT, egviptelebis mier Sesrulebuli
iyo umravles SemTxvevaSi falosiT; misi sxeuli mkerdis gamosaxulebis mxriv iyo
qaluri, magram amave sxeuls gaaCnda aseve mamakacis sasqeso organo ereqciis
mdgomareobaSi.
aqedan gamomdinare qalRmerT muts gaaCnia xasiaTis is dedobrivi da
mamakacuri maxasiaTeblebi, rogorc es aris leonardos fantaziaSi! Tumca froidi
105
leonardom vaJs ori deda mianiWa: erTi romelic xels iSvers misken, xolo meore
romelic ukana planze imyofeba, orive maTgans gamosaxuli aqvs netari Rimili.
Tumca muteri magaliTad varaudobs rom leonardo saerTod ver bedavda gamoesaxa
sibere, naoWebi.
leonardos bavSvobac msgavsi xasiaTis iyo, mas ori deda gaaCnda, pirveli
namdvili, katerian, xolo meore dedinacvali dona albiera, romelic mis mier
lmobieri da nazi iyo. swored aqedan gamomdinare Camouyalibda mas es kompozicia
wminda ana sameuli erTad. dediseuli figura ufro metad aris CamoSorebuli
vaJisagan. is gamosaxavs bebias, Tumca naxarSi Tavisi adgilmdebareobiTa da
ganlagebiT vaJis mimarT ikavebs katerinas adgils. wminda anas netari RimiliT
mxatvarma is Suri dafara rasac ganicdida is ubeduri qali, rodesac man dauTmo
didgvarovan qalbatons Tavisi Ze, imis msgavsad rogorc Tavis droze daTmo
Tavisi meuRle.
aqedan gamomdinare sxva namuSevaric adasturebs im faqts, rom mona lizam
gaaRviZa leonardoSi mogonebani adreuli bavSvobis periodidan.
froidi Tvlis, rom dedis siyvaruli ZuZumwovara bavSvis mimarT, romelsac
is aWmevs da romelsac uvlis, aris gacilebiT ufro siRrmiseuli gataceba, vidre
misi gviandeli grZnoba Svilis mimarT romelic izrdeba. Tavisi bunebiT es aris
sasiyvaruli kavSiri, romelic savsebiT akmayofilebs ara mxolod yvela sulier
moTxovnilebas, aramed yvela fizikur moTxovnilebasac. yvelaze bednier
axalgazrdul qorwinebaSic ki mama grZnobs, rom bavSvi, gansakuTrebiT ki patara
vaJi, misi metoqe xdeba da swored aqedan iRebs saTaves Rrma Seurigebloba
ukanasknelis mimarT.
froidis azriT SesaZloa rom leonardo am iersaxeebiT uaryofs da
xelovnurad Trgunavs Tavis aranormalurad ganviTarebul grZnobas, da amgvari
netari SerwymiT gamosaxavs qalur da mamakacur arss, rac dedis mier motyuebuli
vaJis survili asrulebas warmoadgens.
V.
leonardos dRiuris CanawerebSi aris erTi Canaweri romelic gansakuTrebul
yuradRebas ipyrobs, Tavisi Sinaarsis mravalmniSvnelovnobiTa da mciredi
formaluri Secdomis gamo.
1504 wlis 9 ivliss, oTxSabaTs, dilis 7 saaTze gardaicvala senior piero
da vinCi, podestis sasaxlis notariusi; mamaCemi 7 saaTze. is iyo 80 wlis; datova
10 Svili mamrobiTi sqesisa da 2 mdedrobiTis.
am CanawerSi saubaria leonardos mamis sikvdilze da SesamCnevia erTi
umniSvnelo Secdoma is orjer imeorebs dros, Tavidan da boloSi. es mxolod
da mxolod wvrilmania, romlis Sesaxeb sxva arafsiqoanalitikosi arc ki
dafiqrdeboda. fsiqoanalitikosisaTvis yvelaferi warmodgens sulieri procesebis
gamovlinebas; msgavsi dabneulobisa daviwyebisa da ganmeorebis safuZvelze
misTvis SesaZlebelia faruli zraxvebisa da ltolvebis/biZgebis gamocnoba.
SesaZlebelia iTqvas rom es Canaweric msgavsad katerinas dakrZalvisa da misi
mowafeebisaTvis
saWiro
nivTebis
angariSebisa
warmoadgens
mis
afeqtur
mdgomareobas. formac ki msgavsia pedanturoba da wina planze cifrebis wamoweva.
msgavs ganmeorebas Cven vuwodebT perseveracias. es aris Zalian kargi
saSualeba saimisod rom moxdes afeqturi elferis amocnoba. leonardos rom ar
qonoda afeqtis daTrgunvis mcdeloba, es adgili dRiurSi gaiJRerda Semdegnairad:
dRes 7 saaTze, gardaicvala senior piero da vinCi, Cemi sawyali mama! magram
perversiis meSveobiT gulgrilobamde dayvanili gardacvalebis Setyobineba, rac
gamoixateba saaTis gansazRvriT sruliad arTmevs am Canawers paToss da
saSualebas iZleva amovicnoT rom iyo garkveuli ram rac unda yofiliyo
dafaruli da daTrgunuli. senior pireo da vinCi iyo sakmaod energiuli adamiani,
romelmac amis wyalobiT daimsaxura pativiscema da moipova keTildReoba. is iyo
daqorwinebuli oTxjer; misi pirveli ori meuRle gardaicvalnen uSvilod,
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mxolod mesamem aCuqa mas kanonieri vaJi, am droisaTvis leonardo iyo 24 wlis da
ukve didi xnis wamosuli iyo mamiseuli saxlidan veroCios saxelosnoSi. meoTxe
da ukanaskneli meuRlisagan romelic piero da vinCim moiyvana 50 wlis asakSi,
yavda 9 vaJi da 2 qalwuli.
mamas
garkveuli
mniSvneloba
gaaCnia
leonardos
fsiqoseqsualuri
ganviTarebisadmi da ara mxolod uaryofiTi TvalsazrisiT Tavisi dauswreblobis
gamo adreul asakSi, aramed uSualodac Tavisi daswrebiT misi gviandeli
bavSvobis asakSi.
is vinc bavSvobisas ganicdis ltolvas dedis mimarT SeuZlebelia ar
ocnebobdes mamis adgilas yofnaze; is axdens sakuTari Tavis gaigivebas masTan da
SemdgomSi miznad isaxavs dajabnos igi.
homoseqsualurobisadmi midrekileba rogorc cnobilia Cndeba mxolod
sqesobrivi momwifebis periodSi. rodesac es dro dadga, mamasTan gaigivebam
dakarga leonardos seqsualuri cxovrebisaTvis yovelgvari mniSvneloba, Tumca
iyo SemorCenili sxva araerotiul sferoebSi. Cven viciT, rom mas uyvarda kargi
tanisamosi, yavda cxenebi da mosamsaxureebi Tumca ki xSir SemTxvevaSi am
yvelafris SesaZlebloba ar qonda. is ubralod cdilobda mamis kopirebasa da mis
dajabnvas. mamamisi dedasTan mimarTebaSi iyo didgvarovani, aqedan gamomdinare
leonardos qonda tendencia to out Herod daejabna herode.
leonardos samxatvro SemoqmedebisaTvis misi gaigiveba mamasTan sabediswero
Sedegis mqone iyo. is qmnida Tavis naxatebs da Semdeg aRar zrunavda maTze, misi
mamis msgavsad. mamis mxridan momdevno wlebSi uxvi zrunvis miuxedavad es misTvis
damaxasiaTebeli
iyo,
vinaidan
adreuli
bavSvobis
periodi
yvelaze
STabeWdilebiani
aris,
xolo
gandevnili
da
aracnobierSi
darCenili
gamousworebelia gviandeli gancdebis meoxebiT.
aRorZinebis xanaSi, aseve mogvianebiTac, nebismieri mxatvari saWiroebda
mfarvelsa da maRalCinosan batons. leonardos SemTxvevaSi es iyo ludoviko
sforce, saxelad moro. mis karze leonardom Tavisi cxovrebis yvelaze brwyinvale
periodi gaatara, razec metyvelebs saidumlo seroba da amxedrebuli franCesko
sforces qandakeba. leonardo gaemgzavra milanidan ufro adre, vidre ludoviko
moros katastrofa SeemTxva. is gardaicvala patimrobaSi erT-erT frangul cixeSi.
sakuTari batonis Sesaxeb leonardo Semdegi saxis Canawers awarmoebs Tavis
dRiurSi: hercogma dakarga Tavisi miwa, qoneba, Tavisufleba, da arc erTi mis mier
wamowyebuli saqme ar iyo miyvanili bolomde. gasaocaria rom am SemTxvevaSi Tavis
patrons is swored ise sayvedurobs, rogorc mas sayvedurobda SemdgomSi
STamomavloba, TiTqos da mas surda vinme mamaTagani yofiliyo pasuxismgebeli
misi dausrulebeli namuSevrebis gamo. sinamdvileSi is ar iyo usamarTlo
hercogis mimarT.
froidi xazs usvams imas, rom fsiqoanalizma gvaswavla mamiseul kompleqssa
da RmerTis rwmenas Soris arsebuli intimuri kavSiri; man gvaCvena, rom piradi
RmerTi idealizirebuli mamis msgavsia. yoveldRiurad Cven vadevnebT Tvalyurs im
faqts, rom axalgazrdebi kargaven religiur rwmenas maSin, rodesac imsxvreva
mamis avtoriteti. aqedan gamomdinare mSobelTa kompleqsSi Cven aRmovaCenT
religiuri moTxovnilebis fesvebs.
leonardos xelovnebis Sesaxeb ambobdnen rom misi wmindanebis figurebidan
gamqrali
aris
eklesiuri
dogmatizmis
ukanaskneli
narCenic
ki,
isini
miaxlovebuli arian adamianurTan, rom maTSi udidesi da umSvenieresi grZnobebis
asaxva iyos SesaZlebeli.
froidis azriT eWvgareSea, rom leonardom dajabna rogorc dogmaturi, aseve
piradi religiac da Tavisi kvleviTi samuSaoTi sakmaod CamoSorda morwmune
qristianis azrovnebasa da msoflmxedvelobas.
froidi isev ubrundeba fantazias Zeris Sesaxeb da xazs usvams leonardos
cxovrebaSi Citis frenis Seswavlis mniSvnelobas. erT-erTi sakmaod gaugebari
adgili mis CanawerebSi romelic JRers rogorc winaswarmetyveleba, romelic
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