CHNG 2:BNG H THNG TUN HON NH LUT TUN HON

A. BI TP TRC NGHIM
Cu 1: Cc nguyn t c sp xp trong bng tun hon khng tun theo nguyn tc no sau y?
A. Cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn.
B. Cc nguyn t c cng s lp electron c xp vo mt hng.
C. Cc nguyn t c cng s electron ho tr c xp vo mt ct.
D. Cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu tng dn khi lng nguyn t.
Cu 2: S th t nguyn t khng cho bit
A. s electron lp v.
B. s proton trong ht nhn.
C. s ntron trong ht nhn.
D. s hiu nguyn t.
Cu 3: Chu k l tp hp cc nguyn t m nguyn t ca n c cng:
A. s e
B. s lp e
C. s e ho tr
D. s e lp ngoi cng
Cu 4: Nt X thuc CK 4. Vy s lp e ca X l:
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7
Cu 5: S nguyn t chu k 3 v 4 ln lt l
A. 8 v 8.
B. 8 v 18.
C. 18 v 18.
D. 18 v 32.
Cu 6: S nhm (c A v B) v s ct trong bng tun hon ln lt l
A. 8 v 8.
B. 8 v 16.
C. 16 v 16.
D. 16 v 18.
Cu 7: S th t ca nhm A c xc nh bng
A. s e c thn.
C. s e ca 2 phn lp (n 1)dns
B. s e thuc lp ngoi cng
D. s e ghp i.
Cu 8: Cp nguyn t no sau y c tnh cht tng t nhau?
A. Na v K.
B. K v Ca.
C. Na v Mg.
D. Mg v Al.
Cu 9: Nguyn t chu k 4, nhm VIB c cu hnh electron ho tr l
A. 4s24p4
B. 4s24p4
C. 3d54s1
D. 3d44s2.
Cu 10: Nhng c trng no sau y ca n cht v nguyn t cc nguyn t bin i tun hon theo
chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn?
A. Nhit nng chy, nhit si.
B. T khi.
C. S lp electron.
D. S electron lp ngoi cng.
Cu 11: Trong mt chu k, i t tri sang phi theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn
A. bn knh nguyn t tng dn.
B. m in tng dn.
C. tnh kim loi tng dn.
D. ho tr vi H ca phi kim tng dn.
Cu 12: Cho cc nguyn t Na; K; Mg. Th t tng dn bn knh ca cc nguyn t trn l
A. Na < Mg < K
B. K < Mg < Na
C. Mg < Na < K
D. K < Na < Mg
Cu 13: Nhn nh no sau y l ng?
A. Trong mt nhm A, bn knh nguyn t tng theo chiu gim m in.
B. Trong mt nhm A, nng lng ion ho th nht gim theo chiu tng m in.
C. Trong mt chu k, tnh kim loi tng theo chiu tng m in.
D. Trong mt chu k bn knh nguyn t gim theo chiu gim m in.
Cu 14: Oxit cao nht ca mt nt R thuc nhm A c dng R2O5. T suy ra
A. R c ho tr cao nht vi oxi l 5.
B. cng thc hp cht kh ca R vi H c dng RH3.
C. R l mt phi kim.
D. c A, B, C u ng.
Cu 15: Nguyn t X thuc chu k 3, nhm VI c cu hnh l:
A. 1s22s22p63s23p4
B. 1s22s22p63s23p2
2
2
2
2
4
C. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3d
D. 1s22s22p63s23p6.
Cu 16: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c tng s electron phn lp p bng 7. V tr ca X trong bng h
thng tun hon l:
A. STT 13; CK 3; nhm IIIA
B. STT 12; CK 3; nhm IIA
C. STT 20; CK 4; nhm IIA
D. STT 19; CK 4; nhm IA

Cu 17: M c cu hnh electron l 1s22s22p63s23p63d34s2. V tr ca M trong bng

tun hon l:
A. 23, chu k 4, nhm IIA.
B. 23, chu k 4, nhm IIIB.
C. 23, chu k 4, nhm VB.
D. 23, chu k 4, nhm VA.
+
2Cu 18: Cation X v anion Y u c cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng l
2p6. V tr ca X v Y trong bng tun hon l:
A. X 11, chu k 3, nhm IA v Y 8, chu k 2, nhm VIA.
B. X 12, chu k 3, nhm IIA v Y 8, chu k 2, nhm VIA.
C. X 13, chu k 3, nhm IIIA v Y 9, chu k 2, nhm VIIA.
D. X 12, chu k 3, nhm IIA v Y 9, chu k 2, nhm VIIA.
Cu 19: Cation X3+ c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s23p6. V tr nguyn t X
trong bng tun hon l:
A. Chu k 3, nhm IIIA, l nguyn t kim loi.
B. Chu k 4, nhm IIIB, l nguyn t kim loi.
C. Chu k 3, nhm VIA, l nguyn t phi kim.
D. Chu k 4, nhm IVB, l nguyn t kim loi.
Cu 20: Tnh baz ca dy hiroxit: NaOH, Mg(OH)2, Al(OH)3 bin i theo chiu no sau y?
A. Tng.
B. Gim ri tng.
C. Gim.
D. Tng ri gim.
B. BI TP T LUN
Dng 1: Xc nh nguyn t da vo % khi lng cc nguyn t
Bi 1: Nguyn t R nhm IIA trong bng tun hon, trong hp cht hiroxit % khi lng ca oxi
chim 43,24%. Xc nh nguyn t R
Bi 2: Nguyn t R c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l ns 2np4 trong cng thc hp cht vi H ca n
c cha 5,88% H v khi lng. Tm nguyn t R.
Bi 3: Nguyn t A to hp cht oxit cao nht ng vi cng thc AO 3. Trong hp cht
kh vi hiro, nguyn t A chim 94,12% v khi lng.
a. Tm tn nguyn t A.
b. So snh tnh phi kim ca A vi photpho v oxi. Gii thch theo theo quy lut bin
i tnh kim loi, phi kim.
Dng 2: Xc nh nguyn t da vo tnh cht ha hc
Bi 1: Ha tan ht 0,8 gam mt kim loi X thuc nhm IIA vo dung dch HCl th thu c dung dch Y
v 0,448 lt kh hiro iu kin chun. Xc nh kim loi R
Bi 2: Ha tan 6,9 gam 1 kim loi vo 93,4 gam nc. Sau phn ng thu c 100 gam dung dch D.
a. Tm kim loi trn.
b. Tnh nng phn trm ca cht tan trong dung dch D.
Bi 3: Ha tan hon ton 20 gam hn hp 2 kim loi kim th A, B thuc 2 chu k lin tip vo dung dch
HCl d thu c 15,68 lt kh (ktc). Xc nh hai kim loi kim th v thnh phn % v khi lng ca
mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u.
Dng 3: Xc nh nt da vo BTH v ngc li.
Bi 1: Cation R+ c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3p6
a. Vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca nguyn t R.
b. Xc nh v tr ca nguyn t R trong bng tun hon.
c. Tnh cht ho hc c trng ca nguyn t R l g? Ly 2 phn ng minh ha.
d. Anion X- c cu hnh electron ging cu hnh electron ca cation R +. hy cho bit
tn v vit cu hnh electron nguyn t ca nguyn t X.
Bi 2: Mt nguyn t R c tng s ht mang in v khng mang in l 34, trong
s ht mang in gp 1,833 ln s ht khng mang in. Xc nh nguyn t R v v
tr ca n trong bng tun hon l.
Bi 3: A v B l 2 nguyn t lin tip nhau trong cng mt chu k. Tng s proton trong ht nhn hai
nguyn t A v B bng 49. Vit cu hnh electron cho 2 nguyn t A, B v xc nh v tr ca chng trong
BTH.

Bi 4: A, B l hai nguyn t trong cng mt nhm v hai chu k lin tip ca bng
tun hon. Tng s proton trong ht nhn ca hai nguyn t A v B bng 32. Xc
nh hai nguyn t .