Hng dn s dng my o ETS 1000

Thng tin chng nhn

Thng tin F.C.C
Thit b o in t c min t phn 15 trong chun FCC ca M. Tuy
nhin, cc php o kim tra tun th c thc hin mt cch c h
thng trong hu ht cc thit b ca EXFO.

Thng tin CE
Thit b o in t tun theo hng dn EMC ca hip hi chu u
(European Union). Tiu chun EN61326 quy nh c cc yu cu v pht
x nh sng v s c min i vi vic th nghim, o kim v thit b
iu khin.
Thit b ny tri qua vic o kim tun theo cc chun v hng dn
ca hip hi chu u (European Union Directive and Standards)

Thng tin v tiu chun FCC v IC

Chng 1: Gii thiu v my phn tch

Ethernet ETS 1000
My phn tch Ethernet/ Gigabit Ethernet ETS 1000 c dng thc hin phn
tch v chun on cc li mng theo tiu chun RFC 2544, dng kim tra trng
thi ca cp v kim tra tnh kt ni ng truyn.
Thm vo my o cng h tr dng cho ch o Loopback v thng k cho cc
lu lng pht v thu c.
My o ETS 1000 cung cp cc tu chn sau:
To v phn tch lu lng lp ng truyn d liu (MAC) v lp mng IP.
Chn v hin th lu lng pht v thu c ti lp vt l, lp d liu
(data) v lp mng.
o kim theo tiu chun RFC 2544: Throughput, Latency, Frame Loss v
Back to Back.
Chun on cc li xy ra trn ng cp ng.
Thc hin chc nng Loopback Ethernet cho cc lp vt l, d liu v lp
mng ca m hnh OSI
Thc hin iu khin Loopback thng qua giao thc OAM.
Kim tra BERT
Thc hin cc php o Packet jitter
Thc hin o kim IP (ping, trace route, telnet/http requests)

Cc connector ni vi tn hiu v cc n LEDs:

Mc ny s m t tt c cc connector (cng), cc iu khin v cc n LED trn
my o ETS 1000
Mt trc my:

M t chc nng ca cc n LED:

Cc n LED mt my o ETS 1000 cung cp cho ngi dng trng thi ca my
o.
LED
Link
Tx

Trng thi
Bt
Tt
Nhp nhy

Mu
Mu xanh
Mu
Mu xanh

M t
Kt ni ti thit b c o thnh cng
Khng c kt ni ti thit b c o
D liu ang c truyn

Mu xanh

Khng c d liu c truyn

My o ang thu d liu

Mu xanh
Mu xanh

My o khng thu d liu

My o ang thc hin o kim
Ch Loopback ang chy

hoc sng lin

Rx

Test

tc
Tt
Nhp nhy
hoc lin tc
Tt
Sng
Nhp nhy

Cc n LED pha di ca mt my sng khi ngun cung cp c ni vi my

o:
Mu xanh: Ch dn Pin ang c xc
Mu xanh (nhp nhy): Ch dn my o ang xc cho Pin
Mu xanh (nhp nhy 2 ln lin): Ch dn my o ang cp nht phn mm

M t thanh trng thi:

Hin th cc thng tin v cc thng s sau (t tri sang phi)
Trng thi xc Pin
Tc truyn dn cho cng A
Ch : Nu module SFP c s dng th mu trng ca phn ny s thay i
thnh mu vng
ang thc hin o kim trn cng A
Tc truyn dn cho cng B
Ch : Nu module SFP c s dng th mu trng ca phn ny s thay i
thnh mu vng
ang thc hin o kim trn cng B
Thi gian hin ti
Kiu o kim ang chy thng qua cng A (B) c nh du trong thanh cng c vi
cc ch vit tt sau:
THR
LAT
BTB
FRL
LB1
LB2
LB3
LB4
BER
PJ
GEN
J+G

Thc hin o kim Throughput

Thc hin phn tch Latency
Thc hin o kim Back to Back
Thc hin o kim Frame Loss
Thc hin Loopback ti lp vt l (lp 1)
Thc hin Loopback ti lp d liu (lp 2)
Thc hin Loopback ti lp mng (lp 3)
Thc hin Loopback ti lp truyn dn (lp 4)
Thc hin kim tra BER
Thc hin phn tch Packet jitter
To o kim Flow
Thc hin phn tch Packet jitter v to o kim Flow trn cng mt

PTH

cng
Ch Pass Through

M t cc Phm

Nt ngun: Thc hin chc nng bt/tt. n v gi nt ny khong 1

n 2 giy
Menu chnh: Quay tr li menu chnh
Enter: M menu tng ng v hin th mn hnh tng ng
Cancel/Escape: Quay tr v mn hnh trc hoc menu trc. Trong
ch sa i (edition) n dng hu cc d liu nhp
Infobar: Hin th cc s ch thch ca cc LED (mu nn tng ng
vi mu ca cc n LED)
Cc phm chc nng: c b tr pha di mn hnh, c 3 phm
chc nng F1, F2, F3 c s dng chn cc thanh trn mn hnh
c b tr trc tip pha trn ca mi phm
Cc phm mi tn chc nng: Ch dn cc nt di chuyn

Cc nt s, ch, cc biu tng: Ch dn cc s t 1 ti 10, cc ch

ci t a ti z v cc bt biu tng c nhn pha di

Cc connector bn ngoi:
My o c trang b vi cc cng giao tip bn ngoi nh sau:
Mt nh ca my o

 Mt bn cnh:

Cc connector ca my o v thit b c ni c m t trong bng di:

Kt cui
A, B

M t
Cc connector RJ-45

Thit b c ni
Cp Ethernet

ni ti mng o kim
hoc ti thit b (cc tc
c h tr l 10/100/1000

LAN

Mbps)
Connector SFP- module
Connector kt ni mng

Module SFP
Cp Ethernet

LAN dng iu khin

t xa (h tr cc tc
USB

10/100/1000 Mbps)
Kt ni ti PC thng qua

Cp USB

12V

giao din USB

u connector cho ngun

B chuyn i AC bn

ngoi

ngoi

Cc b pht quang (Transceivers):

Bng di lit k cc loi SPF c th ph hp vi my o theo n t hng ca
EXFO
M t hng ca EXFO
FTB-8592
FTB-8591
FTB-8590
FTB-8597

M t
1000Base-Zx, 1550 nm, 80 km
1000Base-Lx, 1310 nm, 10 km
1000Base-Sx, 850 nm, 550 m
1000Base-Bx10-U, Bi-directional 1310 nm Tx, 1490 nm

FTB-8596

Rx, 10 km
1000Base-Bx10-D, Bi-directional 1490 nm Tx, 1310 nm
Rx, 10 km

Cc quy nh an ton
Trc khi s dng sn phm m t trong ti liu ny, nn hiu v cc qui
nh sau:

CNH BO
Ch ra s nguy hi tim tng, nu khng trnh s dn n ci cht hoc
nguy hi nghim trng. Khng tip tc qu trnh tr khi hiu v p ng
cc iu
CH
kin theo yu cu.
Ch ra s nguy hi tim tng, nu khng trnh s dn n mt tn hi
nh. Khng tip tc qu trnh tr khi hiu v p ng cc iu kin theo
yu
cu.
CH

Ch ra s nguy hi tim tng, nu khng trnh s dn n h hi phn t

ca thit b. Khng tip tc qu trnh tr khi hiu v p ng cc iu
kin theo yu cu.

QUAN TRNG

Tham kho thng tin v sn phm ny s khng b st

Chng 2:Thng bo an ton

Thng bo an ton Laser

CNH BO
Khng cm hoc kt ni si quang trong khi ngun quang ang hot
ng, khng nhn trc tip vo si quang ang o m bo bo v
mt.

CNH BO
S dng vic iu chnh, iu khin, cc th tc vn hnh v bo tr khc
ngoi ti liu ny c th dn n m rng pht x nguy him

Chng 3 : Bt u
Trc khi thit lp qui trnh o v thc hin o kim trn my o ETS-1000, ngi
dng phi thc hin bt my

 bt my o :
1. Ly my o ra khi hp v m my o
2. Gi my o trong iu kin bnh thng khong 2 gi (nu trc my o
c s dng trong iu kin mi trng khc)
3. Ni b chuyn i ngun cung cp vi ngun in (s dng ngun in 110 ~
240 V, 50/60 Hz)
4. Bt my o

Chng 4 : Thit lp cho my o

Ngi dng c th cu hnh mng, giao din o kim v cc thit lp khc cho my
o trc khi thc hin o kim

Thit lp mng
Cu hnh cc thng s mng t menu Network setup nh din gii sau :

Cng A :
DHCP : Cho php (On) hoc khng cho php (Off) tnh nng DHCP trn cng
A. Nu cho php th tt c cc thng s khc (a ch IP v subnet mask) c
cung cp t ng bi DHCP server.
IP address : Vo a ch IP address cho cng A
Subnet mask: Vo gi tr subnet mask cho cng Ethernet. Gi tr ny xc nh
mt phn a ch IP l a ch mng v l mt phn ca a ch host.
Cng B:
DHCP : Cho php (On) hoc khng cho php (Off) tnh nng DHCP trn cng
B. Nu cho php th tt c cc thng s khc (a ch IP v subnet mask) c
cung cp t ng bi DHCP server.
IP address : Vo a ch IP address cho cng B
Subnet mask : Vo gi tr subnet mask cho cng Ethernet. Gi tr ny xc
nh mt phn a ch IP l a ch mng v l mt phn ca a ch host.
Gateway: Vo a ch IP Gateway mc nh cho cng Ethernet
DNS: Vo a ch IP ca server DNS.

Thit lp giao din

Thit lp giao din c s dng cu hnh giao din o trn my o. Cc thng s
c yu cu tng ng vi cc lp vt l, d liu, mng. Cc thng s thng c

cu hnh chung v c p dng cho tt c cc php o v cc cng c. m bo cc

thng s ny c thit lp trc khi chy bt k mt php o hoc cng c no.
Cu hnh cc thng s giao din t menu thit lp giao din nh c m t pha
di:

Port: Chn cng c cu hnh

Speed: Chn tc cho giao din. Nu chn Automatic, th tc truyn dn
c th c xc nh t ng (bt k ga tr 10/100/1000 Mbps). Do trong
trng hp ny mt gi tr trong trng Autoneg s c thit lp l On v s
tr nn khng th thay i c.
Autoneg: Cho php (ON) hoc khng cho php (Off) ch t ng chun
on tc . Nu cho php th tc c th c chn (hoc thit lp
Automatic hoc bt k gi tr no 10/100/1000 Mbps c s dng) v thit
lp Autoneg ti gi tr ON. Kt ni ny s c thit lp ch nu c u cui
c h tr, ch auto-negotiation cng phi c cho php v ti t nht mt
trong s cc thng s c thit lp cng gi tr.
MAC address: N l a ch MAC ca cng c thit lp (A, B hoc LAN).
n nt F1 (mc nh) chn gi tr ca a ch MAC ca my o c nhn
thy trong menu Information trong trng MAC address.
VLAN: Cho php (ON) hoc khng cho php (Off) thit lp cc thng s
VLAN

 ID: Vo gi tr VLAN ID. Di cc gi tr c th c chp nhn l 0 ~ 4095.

B nhn dng VLAN gm 12 bit l mt s c xc nh r rng cho cc gi
thuc pha sau..
Priority: Chn mc u tin cho VLAN. C 8 gi tr u tin c h tr .
Cc mc u tin v kiu lu lng c cho trong bng sau:

Ch : Nu s dng module o SFP th tc chn lun l 1 Gbps.

Thit lp my o:
Cu hnh cc thng s my o t menu Unit setup nh c din gii pha di:

Thit lp mn hnh hin th:

ph hp vi mi trng lm vic ca ngi dng th ngi dng c th iu chnh
cc thit lp LED, LCD, bn phm,
Cu hnh cc thng s hin th t menu LCD,LED and Keyboard nh sau:

 LEDs bright: Chn LEDs bright iu chnh sng ca cc n LED

Backlight: Chn Backlight iu chnh sng ca mn hnh
Chromaticity: Chn Chromaticity iu chnh sc nt ca mn hnh
Contrast: Chn Contrast iu chnh tong phn ca mn hnh
Keyboard beep: Cho php (ON) hoc khng cho php (Off) ting bm khi n
bn phm.
LCD auto off: Chn t ng tt mn hnh. C cc tu chn nh sau:
o Off
o 20 sec
o 40 sec
o 60 sec
tng chu k hot ng t ng hy chn gi tr nh nht.
Auto power off: Chn tt my o t ng. Cc gi tr tu chn l:
o Off
o 1 minute
o 5 minute
o 10 minute

Cc thit lp c bn:
Cu hnh ngn ng, ngy v gi t menu Basic Settings nh sau:

Language: Thit lp ngn ng hin th trn giao din

Date: Vo hoc chn ngy hin ti
Time: Vo hoc chn thi gian hin ti

Thng tin:
Hin th cc thng tin v phn mm, s Seri v a ch MAC address ca cc cng
ca my o

Thng tin SFP:

Giao din quang trn module SFP l sn c thng qua module SFP. Thng tin hin th
SFP c hin th nh sau:

Vendor name: Tn nh sn xut

Part number: Model SFP
Mode: H tr ch truyn d liu

 chn cng n F1 cho cng A hoc n F2 cho cng B

Battery:
Hin th cc d liu sau v iu kin hin ti bn trong Pin: Nhit (oC), in p
(mV), dung lng hin ti /ln nht (mAh) v thi gian sc (khong thi gian sc
sau khi bt u sc) n v l giy.

Cc tu chn qun l:
Tu chn l mt chc nng gi tr gia tng ca my o ETS 1000 m khng phi
ging nh cc chc nng c bn khi ship khi nh my
kch hot tu chn ny, ngi dng phi nhn c key kch hot t nh my. Vo
key trong menu Options thng qua iu khin t xa bng cch s dng lnh ATS
Tu chn
ETIP

M t
Cc chun on mng TCP/IP (nh tuyn, cc

ETWEB

node, DNS, )
Kim tra cc kt ni HTTP (cc yu cu tu

ETJT
ETRC

chn ETIP c php)

o Packet jitter
iu khin t xa cho ETS 1000 thng qua

ETMM
ETMPLS
ETAT

cc giao thc TELNET v giao din www

To lu lng t hp
H tr MPLS
H tr o kim khng i xng

Chng 5: Cc nhim v v gii php in hnh

Cc nhim v in hnh:
Nhim v chnh o kim mng Ethernet l kim tra s ph hp ca SLA gia cc
nh khai thc v cc khch hng.
Cht lng dch v (QoS) phi c kim tra. iu ny c th t c bng cch
thc hin cc o kim RFC 2544 cung cp cc php o throughput, frame loss rate,
latency v back to back. Khi nhiu dch v/ cc mc QoS c cung cp th c
tnh ca ng truyn phi c kim tra tt nht thng qua vic kim tra nhiu lung
d liu. Cc cng c tin dng khc nh Ping v Trace Route cung cp thng tin kt
ni mng c bn. Cui cng l thc hin cc php o kim end to end, ch
Loopback cho php quay li lu lng ti cc lp vt l, d liu, mng v truyn dn
ca m hnh OSI

Phng php o RFC 2544:

Phng php o RFC 2544 c nh ngha nh l mt b cc php o o v to
bo co cc c tnh ca thit b mng. Ph hp vi RFC 2544 cho vic o kim
mng Ethernet cho cc kch thc khung c gii thiu l 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024,
1280 v 1518 byte. y l phng php chun nh gi, phn tch c tnh mng
Ethernet. My o ETS 1000 h tr 4 php o chun c nh ngha bi phng
php RFC 2544.

Throughput Bng thng:

Php o ny cho php xc nh tc ln nht c th i vi cc thit b mng
Ethernet.
Throughput (bng thng): Tc nhanh nht m s khung o kim c pht i bi
thit b o kim (DUT) ngang bng vi s khung gi ti n bi thit b o kim.
Khi o throughput th s cc khung xc nh vi khong h gia cc khung nh nht
c pht ti DUT. Sau my o m cc khung c pht bi DUT ny. Nu c
mt vi khung thu c t hn khung pht th khong h ny c tng ln v thc
hin o kim li.
Ch : Mi lin h gia khe h gia cc khung v ti l mi quan h t l nghch do
khe h ny ln hn th ti truyn c s nh hn.

Latency tr:
Php o ny cho php phn tch thi gian t c cho mt khung c pht t
ngun ti ch v sau quay li ngun. tr (Latency) l mt thng s quan trng
cho cc ng dng thi gian thc chy trn cc mng Ethernet.
Khi phn tch tr th bng thng cho DUT ti mi kch thc lit k c xc
nh u tin, sau mt lung cc khung vi kch c khung thc t c gi ti
xuyn qua DUT ti tc bng thng xc nh ti ch xc nh. Khong thi gian
nh nht ca lung pht c thit lp l 120 giy (ngi dng c th thit lp gi tr
ny trong khong 1 ~ 2886 giy). Trong mt thi gian xc nh mt th nhn dng
c bao gm trong mt khung vi kiu th ang b xung ph thuc. Thi gian m
khung ny c pht y c ghi li l Ta. Cng thu ca my o sau nhn
dng thng tin th trong lung vi khung v ghi thi gian m khung nh th
thu c (gi tr l Tb)
Gi tr tr l khc nhau gia cc gi tr Tb v Ta
Php o c lp li t nht l 20 ln (ngi dng c th xc nh gi tr thay th t 1
ti 30)

Frame Loss Rate Tc mt khung:

Php o ny cho php c tnh kh nng ca mng h tr cc ng dng thi gian
thc bi v phn trm tn hao ln s lm cho cht lng dch v b suy gim.
o kim tn hao khung cho php m phn trm khung khng c pht i bi DUT
b suy gim do li phn cng.
thc hin o kim tc mt khung th mt s khung xc nh (m u vo)
c gi i ti mt tc xc nh xuyn qua DUT o kim v sau my o
m s khung c pht i bi DUT (m u ra). Tc mt khung ti mi im
c tnh ton bng cch s dng cng thc sau:
100 x (m u vo m u ra)/(m u vo)
S th nghim pht u tin s chy trn tc khung m n p ng 100% tc
ln nht cho kch thc khung trn u vo. Lp li quy trnh trn cho tc p
ng 90% tc ln nht v sau l 80% tc ny. Cc s th nghim l lin tc
gim 10% theo tng on n khi c 2 s th nghim thnh cng m khng c khung
no b mt.

Back to Back:
Php o kim ny cho php c tnh thi gian trong khi DUT (thit b c o kim)
c kh nng qun l ti ln nht
My o gi mt burt ca cc khung vi khong h gia cc khung l nh nht ti
DUT v sau m s cc khung quay ngc li bi DUT. Nu m s khung c
pht l ngang bng vi s khung quay li th thi gian truyn dn s tng ln v php
o c thc hin li n khi c 2 th nghim thnh cng m khng b mt khung
no. S cc khung quay ngc li t hn s khung c pht i th thi gian truyn
dn s gim v php o li c thc hin li.

Chng 6: Kt ni my o
Cc my o ETS 1000 c th c kt ni bng cch s dng cc c ch kt ni
khc nhau

Cc c ch kt ni my o:
Cc my o c th c kt ni vi nhau theo 4 cch sau:
C ch kt ni th 1:

C ch kt ni th 2:

C ch kt ni th 3:

C ch kt ni th 4:

C ch 1 cho thy kt ni ca my o (s dng mt cng ca my o) ti mng vi

thit b ang hot ng trn lp Data (v d switch chuyn mch). Trong trng hp
ny lu lng o kim c to ra s c nh ng quay li my o thng qua
thit b loopback. Ti DUT th cc a ch MAC ngun v ch c trn vo trong
cc gi v lung d liu o kim c pht tr li cng ngun trn my o.
Tt c cc c ch kt ni s dng cc thng bo sau:
MAC s a ch MAC ngun
MAC d a ch MAC kt cui
MAC R a ch MAC ca Gateway
IP s a ch IP ngun
IP d a ch IP ch

Hnh pha trn cho thy s kt ni ca my o ti mng vi thit b ang vn hnh

trn c lp Data v lp mng (V d: Switch v Router). Khng ging nh trng hp
u vi c ch kt ni ny c cc a ch MAC v IP ch v ngun c hon i vi
nhau v lu lng c quay tr li cng ngun.
Trong trng hp o kim mng/ thit b vi kh nng nh ng lu long IP th 2
cng ca my o c s dng. Cc gi c nh ng li t mt cng ti cng
khc thng qua b nh ng. Thm vo th my o ETS 1000 c th c ni ti
mt thit b switch mng.

Chng 7: Cu hnh v bt u thc hin mt php

o
My o ETS 1000 cho php thc hin o kim c tnh theo tiu chun RFC 2544
bao gm cc php o ph sau:
Throughput (o bng thng)
Latency (o tr)
Frame loss (o tn hao khung)
Back to Back
Trc khi thc hin cc php o trn th cc thng s o kim cn phi c cu hnh.
Ngi dng c th nhn cc kt qu o kim t my o ETS 1000.

Cc thit lp chung cho RFC 2544:

Cu hnh cc thit lp chung cho chun RFC 2544 trong my o ETS 1000 nh sau:

Thit lp Header:
Cu hnh cc thng s sau t menu Header nh c din gii nh sau:

Src MAC: Vo a ch MAC ca giao din ngun

Dst MAC: Vo a ch MAC ca ch

o Nu b thu v b pht c ni trc tip vi nhau m khng s dng

bt k b nh tuyn no th hy vo a ch MAC ca giao din b thu
o Nu c t nht mt b nh tuyn gia b thu v b pht th vo a ch
MAC ca b nh tuyn m gn b thu nht.
Src IP: Vo a ch IP ngun
Dst IP: Vo a ch IP ch.
Ch : My o ETS 1000 cng c th c thit lp a ch MAC v IP t
ng.
bit gi tr a ch MAC thay th hin ti vi cc a ch MAC ca cng A
(B) c xc nh trong menu Information, n F1 (F2).
bit gi tr a ch IP hin ti vi cc a ch IP ca cng A (B) c xc
nh trong menu Network setup hy n F1 (F2)
Ngay khi n F3 (vi a ch MAC ch chn) th mt yu cu ARP s c
thc hin. Mt kt qu ca yu cu thay v a ch MAC ch. a ch MAC
tng ng vi a ch IP s c s dng.
Cc gi tr c xc nh trong Header (adv) menu cng c hin th

Thit lp Header (advanced):

ID: Vo gi tr VLAN ID. Di gi tr chp nhn l 0 ~ 4095. B nhn dng

VLAN 12 bit l mt s c xc nh r rng cho cc gi thuc pha sau..

 trng gi tr ny c ngha l th header ch cha thng tin u tin ngi

dng v khng c nhn dng VLAN trong khung ny.
Nu VLAN ID =1 th trong khi truyn xuyn qua cc cng ca b nh tuyn
router th VLAN ID ny s t ng c thit lp ngang bng vi VLAN ID
ca cng trn router.
Priority: Chn VLAN Priority. C 8 gi tr u tin c h tr. Tng ng
gia mc u tin v kiu lu lng c cho trong bng sau:
Gi tr
1
0
2
3
4
5
6

M t
Background
(mc nh) L lc nht (Best effort)
L luc tuyt vi (Excellent Effort)
Cc ng dng quan trng
Dch v Video
Dch v thoi
iu khin trong mng (Internetwork

Control)
7
iu khin mng (Network Control)
Mc u tin 0 l dnh cho truyn dn tt nht v c n nh nu khng c kiu
(lp) no c xc nh. Cc gi tr u tin 1 ~ 3 c dnh cho cc nhim v
khc nhau t cc lung ng dng ti lu lng FTP c th mt d liu. Cc gi tr
u tin 4 v 5 c th c s dng cho cc loi lu lng nhy vi tr nh
video hoc thoi. Cc gi tr u tin 6 v 7 c dnh cho cc bn tin qun l
mng.
Precedence: Trng u tin khung. Theo tiu chun ca RFC 791 c 8 gi tr
u tin. Ngi dng c th xc nh bt k gi tr no trong bng di:
Gi tr
0
1
2
3
4
5
6

M t
nh tuyn
u tin
Ngay lp tc (Immediate)
Flash
Flash Override
CRITIC/ECP
iu khin trong mng (Internetwork

Control)
7
iu khin mng (Network Control)
ToS (Type of Service): Trng ny xc nh kiu dch v cho trng d liu.
Ngun ny c th c thit lp bt k gi tr no t bng di y theo tiu
chun RFC 1349
Gi tr

M t

Ghi ch

1000

tr nh nht

S dng gi tr ny nu mt
chu k di chuyn ca gi tin
t ngun n ch (chu k
tr) l u tin chnh v n

0100

Bng thng ln nht

phi nh nht
S dng gi tr ny xc
nh gi tin phi c nh
ng vi bng thng ln

n nh nht (Maximize

nht
S dng gi tr ny m

reliability)

bo gi tin c truyn i m

001

Chi ph r nht

khng phi truyn li

S dng gi tr ny c chi

000

Tt c bnh thng

ph truyn d liu r nht

Trong trng hp gi tin

010

nh tuyn c cho php t

do la chn nh cung cp.
UDP src: Vo cng ngun UDP
UDP dst: Vo cng ch UDP

Cc thit lp RFC 2544 MPLS:

Nhn xp chng (Stack) cho vic o kim cc mng c th c xc nh trong menu
Label stack. Cu hnh cc thng s sau t menu Label Stack nh sau:
n Test sau chn RFC 2544, Setup, Header, Advanced v MPLS

 Labels: Vo s ca cc nhn. C th chn t 1 n 3

Label: Vo gi tr Label
MPLS COS: Chn lp dch v (COS) cho lung d liu
TTL: Vo gi tr thi gian sng (Time to Live) cho lung d liu.

Cu hnh o kim:
S dng menu Topology xc nh cc cng thu v pht. Mt cng c th c s
dng cho c thu v pht (vi ch Loopback). Nu s dng chc nng o kim
khng i xng, ngi s dng phi chn Remote nh l cng thu/pht.

Chn kch thc khung:

Cu hnh cc kch thc khung nh sau:

thc hin cc php o kim, ngi dng c th lm theo 1 trong cc cch sau:
Chn cc kch thc tiu chun cho cc khung c pht theo tiu chun RFC
2544 bng cch n F4. Cc kch thc khung chun l 64, 128, 256, 512,
1024, 1280, 1518 bytes
Vo bt k kch thc khung no trong di c th chp nhn c l 64 ~
9600 bytes.

Thit lp cc thng s o kim theo chun RFC 2544:

Cu hnh cc thng s o kim cho cc php o Throughput, Latency, Frame Loss v
Back to Back.

Thit lp o kim Throughput:

i tng ca php o ny l tm bng thng ca mt thit b c o kim
khng c tn tht khung. Bt u ti tc c xc nh ln nht (Maximum Rate),
tc ny hi t v hng bng thng cao nht m khng lm mt khung vi php o
ny phi c mt khong thi gian xc nh trc (thi gian o).
Php o bng thng c thc hin cho mi kch thc khung c nh ngha trc.

 Enabled: Cho php (Yes) hoc khng cho php (No) phn tch bng thng.
Rate, %: Ch dn gi tr ti, c xc nh bng phn trm ca tc lung
d liu o kim. Di chp nhn t 1 ~ 100%
Trial, s: Ch dn chu k thi gian trong khi m php o c thc hin cho
mi kch thc khung xc nh. Di chp nhn c l 1 ~ 2886 giy.

Cc thit lp o kim tr:

i tng ca php o ny l tm thi gian c yu cu gi khung i xuyn
qua thit b c o kim v quay tr li my o ETS 1000. Bt u gi mt lung
cc khung trong mt khong thi gian xc nh trc v tc ti mt kch thc
khung thc t, mt th nhn dng ph thuc c bao gm trong mt khung. Thi
gian m khung c pht i c ghi li (Thi gian A) khi khung c nh th
quay tr li th thi gian c ghi li ln na (Thi gian B) v kt qu tr l:
Thi gian B Thi gian A. Php o c lp li theo mt s ln nh trc v kt qu
trung bnh c tnh ton.
Php o tr c thc hin cho mi kch thc khung c nh trc.

 Enabled: Cho php (Yes) hoc khng cho php (No) phn tch bng thng.
Trial qty: Ch dn s tn hiu th c thc hin cho mi kch thc khung
xc nh.
Trial, s: Ch dn chu k thi gian trong khi m php o c thc hin cho
mi kch thc khung xc nh. Di chp nhn c l 1 ~ 2886 giy.

Cc thit lp o tn hao khung:

i tng ca php o kim ny l tm phn trm cc khung b mt do s suy gim
ca ti nguyn (phn cng thit b). Php o kim ny c thc hin i vi mt
kch thc khung xc nh v vi khong thi gian xc nh.
Thc hin php o kim vi mi kch thc khung xc nh nh sau:

 Enabled: Cho php (Yes) hoc khng cho php (No) phn tch bng thng.
Trial, s: Ch dn chu k thi gian trong khi m php o c thc hin cho
mi kch thc khung xc nh. Di chp nhn c l 1 ~ 2886 giy.
Steps. %: Ch dn s cc bc thay i tc theo phn trm. Di chp nhn
t 1 n 10%
Start rate, %: Ch dn di cc gi tr tc vt l m php o bt u vi
mi kch thc khung c xc nh.
Stop rate, %: Ch dn di cc gi tr tc vt l m php o kt thc vi
mi kch thc khung c xc nh.

Cc thit lp o kim Back to Back:

i tng ca php o ny l tm s khung ln nht vi tc ln nht m c th
gi i m khng b mt khung. Mt s cc khung c gi i vi cc khong h gia
cc khung nh nht ti thit b c o kim v s cc khung c chuyn ti c
m. Nu m cc khung pht l ngang vi cc khung chuyn ti th chiu di thi
gian l tng v php o c thc hin li. Nu s cc khung c chuyn ti l t
hn s cc khung c pht th khong thi gian l gim v php o cng c thc
hin li. Gi tr Back to Back l s cc khung trong khong thi gian ln nht m
thit b c o kim c th x l c m khng lm mt khung.
Php o s thc hin vi mt s cc th nghim c xc nh trc.
Php o Back to Back c thc hin cho mi kch thc khung xc nh trc.

 Enabled: Cho php (Yes) hoc khng cho php (No) phn tch bng thng.
Trial qty: Ch dn s tn hiu th c thc hin cho mi kch thc khung
xc nh.
Trial, s: Ch dn chu k thi gian trong khi m php o c thc hin cho
mi kch thc khung xc nh. Di chp nhn c l 1 ~ 2886 giy.

Avanced Tin tin:

Cu hnh menu Advanced c din gii nh sau:

 Wait time, ms: Xc nh khong thi gian gia vic kt thc to lu lng
o kim v kt thc th nghim.
Ch : Theo phng php o RFC 2544 th thi gian ch l 7000 ms v thi
gian learn l 2000 ms.
Learn time, ms: Xc nh khong thi gian gia khung learning c
gi i v bt u th nghim.
Ch : Ngi dng c th xc nh cc gi tr tu ca thi gian ch trong
di 100 ~ 7000 ms. Thi gian learn phi nm trong di 100 ~ 2000 ms.

Phn tch c tnh theo chun RFC 2544:

Khi cc php o theo chun RFC 2544 ang chy, cc kt qu chi tit cho mi php
o c chn. Ngay khi cc php o ph ca RFC 2544 c hon thnh hoc kt
thc th s c nh gi Pass/Fail cho mi php o ph ny. Cc kt qu o c hin
th di dng bng v dng ha vi cc ch dn Pass/Fail.

Cc kt qu o kim bng thng Throughput:

Cc kt qu c hin th di dng bng vi cc thng s:
Frame size (kch thc khung) vi n v bytes
Gi tr throughput vi n v l phn trm.
Gi tr o throughput o c (n v o c th c chn bng cch n
F3 cho Mbit/s hoc fps)

Dng ho cho bit cc gi tr bng thng vi n v Mbit/s cho mi kch

thc khung c xc nh.

Cc kt qu o kim tr - Latency:
Bng kt qu cho tht gi tr c ngha ca tr (n v ms) cho mi kch thc
khung xc nh v gi tr tng ng ca bng thng (phn trm) c o nh l kt
qu ca php o bng thng throughput.

ho cho mi kch thc khung:

Cc kt qu o tn hao khung:
Bng kt qu cho thy gi tr tn hao khung (phn trm) cho mi kch thc khung
c xc nh (n v bytes) v gi tr tc (phn trm).

Bng ho cho thy mi lin h gia tn hao khung (phn trm) v tc (phn
trm) cho mi kch thc khung xc nh

Cc kt qu o kim php o Back to Back:

Dng bng:

Dng ho:

o kim khng i xng:

Chc nng s 4 o kim khng i xng c s dng kim tra kh nng hot
ng ca cc ng truyn m c s khc nhau gia tc pht v tc thu.
i vi php o khng i xng th hai my o ETS 1000 c th c s dng:
Mt u gn v mt u xa. Ngay khi cc thng s ca my o u gn c thit
lp th my o u xa s u cui ca knh truyn khng i xng. Vic to lu
lng o kim c th c thc hin theo 2 cch sau:
T thit b u gn ti thit b u xa: Trong trng hp ny cng A (B) c
thit lp l cng ngun. Cng u xa c chn l cng kt cui.
T thit b u xa ti thit b u gn: Trong trng hp ny cng u xa c
thit lp l cng ngun. Cng A (B) c chn nh l cng kt cui.

Thc hin cc php o cho cu hnh o ny bao gm:

RFC 2544: throughput, frame loss, back to back.
BERT (L2, L3, L4)
Lu lng t hp

Lu lng t hp:
Chc nng to lu lng t hp cho php to ra 10 lung d liu vi cc thit lp
khc nhau. Vic s dng chc nng ny cho php ngi dng c tnh cc kiu tc
d liu khc nhau, kim tra mc u tin chnh xc trong thit b c o kim.

Cc bc o kim: Chuyn v menu Summary ca lu lng t hp (bt u

php o, hin th kt qu o)

 bt u php o hy n nt F1.
Sau khi kt thc php o cc thng s sau s c hin th:
Kch thc khung xc nh (n v Bytes)
Tc c xc nh (n v %)
Tn hao khung (n v %)
rng bng (Bandwidth) (n v Mbps)
chuyn ti mn hnh kt qu dng ho th n nt F2 (Plot)

Ngay trn lung d liu th mi mt lung s c mt ct cho bit gi tr tn hao o

c. chuyn v menu Results n F4 v chuyn ti mn hnh Complex traffic:
latency hy n nt mi tn .

Tt c cc gi tr tr cho lu lng t hp s bao gm:

Curr, ms: Gi tr tr hin ti (n v ms)
Min, ms: Gi tr tr nh nht (n v ms)
Avg, ms: Gi tr tr trung bnh (n v ms)
Max, ms: Gi tr tr ln nht (n v ms)
chuyn v mn hnh hin th cc thng tin v s cc khung c pht v c thu
hy n phm mi tn

Mi lung d liu s c thng tin v s khung pht v thu c hin th trn mn hnh
Setup: Chuyn ti menu Setup

 Streams: Chn s lung d liu. C th chn t 1 ti 10.

Duration: Thit lp thi gian cho vic to lung d liu. Chn 1 n 2886
giy
Topology: Chuyn ti menu Topology:

S dng menu Topology xc nh cc cng thu v pht. Mt cng c th c s

dng cho c pht d liu v thu (Vi tnh nng Loopback). Nu s dng chc nng
o khng i xng th ngi dng phi chn Remote nh l cng thu/pht.
Header: Chuyn ti menu Header. chn s lung d liu hy n cc phm
mi tn tri, phi.

 Frames: Chuyn n menu Frames. Hy chn kch thc khung cho mi

lung vi di thit lp l 84 ~ 9600 bytes

Rates : Chuyn ti menu Rates. Tc ca cc khung xc nh c xc

nh theo n v phn trm % (F1), kbps (F2) hoc Mbps (F3)

Thit lp MPLS Lu lng t hp:

Nhn lu lng cho vic o kim mng c th c xc nh trong menu Label
traffic. Cu hnh cc thng s sau t menu Label traffic nh sau:
n Tests, hy chn Complex traffic, Setup, Header, Advanced and MPLS.

Labels: Vo s nhn. Hy chn t 1 n 3

Label: Vo gi tr nhn
MPLS COS: La chn lp dch v cho lung d liu
TTL: Vo gi tr TTL cho lung d liu.

Ch Loopback:
Chc nng Loopback l cn thit cho vic o kim cc mng trong s ph hp vi
tiu chun RFC 2544 cng nh mt s cc nhim v khc. Chc nng ny cho php
o kim c tnh mng m khng lm thay i cc thit lp ca n. o kim mng vi
chc nng Loopback c th c thc hin ti cc lp theo m hnh OSI sau:
Ti lp vt l (L1): tt c csc lu lng u vo c pht li quay tr v m
khng lm thay i, thng k c tp hp li cho lu lng u vo.
Ti lp 2 (lp d liu), tt c cc khung u vo c pht li vi vic hon
i a ch MAC ngun v ch. My o ETS 1000 h tr thay th a ch
MAC ch/ngun vi cc a ch MAC ca ngi dng. C lu lng vo v
ra u c tp hp thng k.
Ch : Loopback cc lp 2 v 3 th cc gi tin vi cc a ch nhn dng MAC
ch v ngun cng nh cc khi d liu giao thc OAM (OAMPDU) v cc yu
cu ARP khng c pht li.
Ti lp mng (lp 3), tt c cc gi d liu u vo c pht tr li vi
vic hon i a ch IP ch ngun. My o ETS 100 h tr thay th cc
a ch IP ch/ ngun vi cc a ch IP do ngi dng xc nh. C lu
lng u vo v ra u c tp hp thng k.

Port: Chn cng (A hoc B) cho php thc hin chc nng Loopback.
Type: Chn lp m lu lng c pht tr li

o Lp vt l
o Lp d liu (MAC)
o Lp mng (IP)
o Lp truyn dn (TCP/UDP)
OAM: Chuyn ti menu OAM

Cu hnh loopback L2:

Swap MAC: Cho php (On) hoc khng cho php (Off) s hon i ca cc
a ch MAC ngun v ch trong cc gi tn u vo.
Replace MAC: Chn ch cho php hon i a ch MAC
o Off: S hon i a ch MAC l khng c php
o Source: S hon i gi tr a ch MAC ngun.

 Destination: S hon i gi tr i ch MAC ch

Src+Dst: S hon i c cc gi tr a ch MAC ch v ngun

o Source: Xc nh mt a ch MAC m s hon i a ch MAC

ngun ca khung Ethernet
o Destination: Xc nh a ch MAC m s hon i a ch MAC ch
ca khung Ethernet.
Replace VLAN: Chn ch hon i cc th VLAN :
o Off: Khng cho php hon i cc th VLAN

o ID: Cc gi tr hon i VLAN ID

o Priority: Cc gi tr u tin hon i VLAN
o ID+Pr: Hon i cc gi tr c VLAN ID v VLAN u tin
ID: Xc nh gi tr m s hon i VLAN ID ca khung Ethernet
Priority: Xc nh gi tr m s hon i VLAN u tin ca khung Ethernet

Cu hnh Loopback lp 3:

Replace IP: Chn ch thay th (hon i) a ch IP

o Off: S hon i a ch IP khng c php
o Source: a ch ngun IP hon i

o Destination: a ch ch IP hon i

o Src + Dst: Hon i c a ch IP ch v ngun

Source: Xc nh a ch IP m s thay th a ch IP ngun ca khung

Ethernet.
Destination: Xc nh a ch IP m s thay th a ch IP ch ca khung
Ethernet.
Replace: Chn ch thay th ToS
o Off: Thay th kiu dch v v cc gi tr u tin l khng c
php.
o ToS: Thay th cc gi tr kiu dch v
o Precedence: Thay th cc gi tr u tin
o ToS + Prec: Thay th c kiu dch v v cc gi tr u tin
ToS: Xc nh g tr s thay th kiu dch v ca khung Ethernet
Precedence: Xc nh gi tr s thay th quyn u tin ca khung
Ethernet.

OAM:
L mt trong nhng nhim v quan trng cho cc nh cung cp dch v c s qun
tr v bo dng cht lng cao cho cc mng Ethernet. m bo cc nhim v
ny theo tiu chun IEEE 802.3ah
OAM (Operations, Administration and Maintenance) l mt giao thc gim st
trng thi ng truyn. Giao thc ny vn hnh lp D liu ca m hnh OSI.
truyn d liu gia hai thit b Ethernet, cc n v d liu giao thc OAM
(OAMPDU) c s dng. C hai thit b phi h tr chun IEEE 802.3ah v s phi
c ni thng trc tip.
Mt c im quan trng ca giao thc OAM l cung cp kh nng s dng cho ch
Loopback i vi u xa

Port: Chn cng cho cu hnh OAM

Mode: Chn Mode cho cu hnh OAM. Cc trng thi OAM l :
o Acttive: Trong ch kch hot th cng c chn c th gi cc
lnh ti thit b c b tr u xa, cho php ch Loopback
trn thit b u xa v p ng cc lnh OAM Ethernet t thit
b u xa.
o Passive: Trong ch th ng th cng ny ch c th p ng cc
lnh OAM t thit b u xa nhng khng khi ng ch
Loopback

o Off : Khng cho php OAM

Discovery: Chn trng thi ca thit b c b tr u xa. Cc trng thi
sn c l :
o Fault
o Send local
o Passive wait
o Send loc/rem
o Send loc/ rem ok
o Send any
Remote unit: n chuyn ti mn hnh ca thit b u xa

o MAC address: a ch MAC ca thit b u xa

o Vendor OUI: Nhn dng t chc (nh sn xut) duy nht to
a ch MAC
o Mode: Trng thi OAM ca thit b u xa
o Unidirectional: H tr kt ni n hng
o Rem.loopback: H tr ch Loopback cho thit b u xa
o Link events: H tr thng bo li kt ni.
o Var.retrieval: H tr vic c cc gi tr thay i m c s dng
cho vic c tnh cht lng ng truyn d liu.

o LB status: Trng thi ch Loopback ti thit b u xa

bt/tt ch Loopback trn thit b u xa hy n F1

ET Discovery :
Chc nng ET discovery cho php bt ch Loopback trn cc lp d liu, mng,
truyn dn thit b u xa l ETS 1000 hoc ETS 1000L

Theo cc s kt ni th chc nng ny c th bt ch Loopback cho rt nhiu

thit b u xa l ETS 1000 hoc ETS 1000L mc d cc thit b ny phi c cng
hoc khc a ch Subnets :

nhn d liu v thit b u xa v bt ch Loopback:

 Ni my o vi mng
Trong trng IP hy vo a ch IP ca thit b u xa
n nt F4 (Discovery)
Nu discovery hon thnh thnh cng th cc a ch IP, host name v a ch MAC s
xut hin trn mn hnh. Menu Loopback trn my o c th truy nhp v sa cha
c.
Cc nt cho mc Loopback c m t nh sau :
F1 : Tt ch loopback
F2 : Bt ch loopback lp d liu
F3 : Bt ch loopback lp mng
F4 : Bt ch loopback lp truyn dn
Ch : truyn d liu dng giao thc UDP th s cng UDP ca Server l
0x8018 v s cng UDP ca client l 0x8019

o kim TCP/IP :
Tt c cc php o trong mc ny c yu cu o kim xuyn qua cc b nh
tuyn ca mng. S dng cc php o kim ny ngi dng c th pht hin cc vn
cu hnh mng, kim tra tnh sn c ca cc server, kim tra kh nng hot ng v
c tnh cc ti ca ng truyn d liu.

Ping :
Php o Ping cho php kim tra tnh sn c ca cc a ch c xc nh bn trong
hoc bn ngoi mt subnet. c im ny khng sn c trong cu hnh c bn v phi
c t hng. Tnh nng Ping gi cc yu cu ti host trn mng c xc nh v
nhn c cc gi tin tr li. Quy trnh ny da trn cc giao thc IP v ICMP ca s
truyn dn d liu v cho php kim tra tnh hot ng sn c v o mc ti ca cc
ng truyn d liu v cc thit b ngay lp tc.

 Port : Chn mt cng gi cc yu cu. Nu ch T ng c thit lp

th cng ny s c chn t ng.
IP address : Vo a ch IP ca mt host trn mng s c o kim xem
tnh sn c.
Packet size : Vo kch thc ca khung c truyn vi n v l bytes
Count : Vo s gi tin c gi. Di gi tr c th c chp nhn l 0 n
9999. Nu O c chn th kt qu Ping s c thc hin n kh n nt F1.
Timeout : Vo khong thi gian ch s tr li cho mt yu cu ping (ms)
Pause : Vo khong thi gian dng gia hai ln yu cu thnh cng (ms)
Kt qu Ping :

Thng k Ping :

Traceroute :
Tnh nng traceroute c s dng xc nh d liu truyn dn ca cc router
trong mng. c im ny khng sn c trong cu hnh c bn v c im ny cn
phi c t hng. Tnh nng ny gi lung d liu lin tip ti mt host c xc
nh trn mng v b ghi d liu v tt c cc b nh tuyn m lung d liu gi

qua trong lc truyn dn. Do tnh nng Traceroute cho php chun on tt c thit
b mng trn ng truyn d liu

Port : Chn mt cng gi cc yu cu. Nu ch t ng c xc nh

th cng ny s c chn t ng
IP address : Vo gi tr a ch IP ca mt host
Max hops : Vo gi tr s router ln nht m cc gi d liu c th c pht
thng qua.
Packet size : Vo kch thc khung vi n v l byte
Timeout : Vo khong thi gian ch p ng

Bng kt qua traceroute :

DNS (DNS lookup) :

DNS (Domain Name System) D liu phn phi m c th c dng xc nh
mt a ch IP ca mt host trn mng ngay khi mt yu cu vi tn min ca host.
c im DNS lookup cho php xc nh cc li trong NS- Server hot ng. c
im ny khng sn c trong cu hnh c bn v phi c t hng.
Php o DNS lookup c thc hin xc nh tn min. Nu a ch IP yu cu
khng c th tt c cc bit trong a ch IP s trng.

ARP monitor :
ng dng ARP monitor cho php quan st cc tr li ARP c pht vo trong mng
v nhn cc a ch IP v MAC chng cha.

Nu bt k ng no c vo trong bng ny khng c cp nht trong vng 1

pht th n s b xo khi bng ny
chn cng n nt F4

TCP client :
Tu chn TCP client cho php kim tra cc p ng ca server c o kim vi
cc yu cu http. c im ny khng sn c trong cu hnh tiu chun v phi c
t hng. Ni dung ca ti nguyn c xc nh c th khng thc hin c bng
phng php HTTPGET.

Host : Tn min hoc a ch IP ca host

Port : Vo s cng ang thu nhn
File : Vo tn ca file vi ni dung m s c hin th trong ca s kt qu
nu yu cu ny c thnh cng.

Pass Through :
Trong ch Pass through th my o tham gia vo trong ng kt ni gia 2 thit
b c o kim. Tt c cc lu lng u vo ti cng A (B) s c pht li ti
cng B (A). Mt v d c cho di :

Trong khi lu lng c pht t cng ny ti cng khc th my o s tp hp thng

k lu lng pht. Cc kt qu thng k c nhn thy trong menu Statistics.
Khi m d liu thng k, cc gi b hng, li khng c tnh

Cc chun on cable :
My o ETS 1000 cho php thc hin cc chun on trn i day cp bng cc c
tnh vn hnh c bn bng cch o v phn tch cc trng thi v kiu ca chng.
thc hin php o th cn phi thc hin theo cc bc sau :
Chuyn ti mn hnh Cable test
Ni cp ti my o ETS 1000 bng cch s dng connector RJ 45
n nt F2 (A) v F3 (B) chn cng ni ti cp.
n nt F1
xc nh kiu cp th cn phi thc hin cc bc sau:
Chuyn ti mn hnh Cable test
Mt u ca cp c ni ti cng A (B) ca my o ETS 1000 v u khc
c ni ti cng B (A)
Bng cch n F2 (A) v F3 (B) chn mt cng kt cui ca cp c ni
vo my o
So snh cc kt qu o kim c hin th trong menu Crossover cho cng A
v cng B vi cc gi tr c mt trong bng sau:

 Status: Hin th trng thi hin ti ca cp

Trng thi c th ca module u xa nh sau:
Trng thi
M t
Test
ang thc hin php o
Norm
Trng thi bnh thng
Open
B h kt ni gia cc chn ti mi u cui ca cp
Short
Hai hoc nhiu dy b chp vi nhau
Fail
Php o b li
5
Thoi
6
iu khin trong mng
7
iu khin mng
Att., dB: Ch dn gi tr suy hao ca tn hiu
Dist.,m: Ch dn khong cch c pht hin li
Polarity: Ch dn cc ca i dy ng
Trng thi c th ca cc ca i dy ng nh sau:
Trng thi
<+>
<->

M t
Cc dng (trng thi bnh thng)
Cc m (Hai dy trong cp i dy c ni vi

cc ngc chiu)
Crossover: Ch dn ni cho ca cp i dy ng (MDI/MDI X).
Nhng gi tr ny cho php xc nh kiu cp.
Trong bng di y, tc (Mbit/s) i vi cng A v cng B c th c
xc nh trong menu Interface setup.

Tc Mbit/s

10/100

Cp

Gi tr trong

Gi tr trong

menu

menu

Crossover cho

Crossover cho

cng A
MDI

cng B
MDI

Croossover

7-8
1-2

MDI-X

MDI-X

Crossover

3-6

MDI-X

MDI-X

4-5

7-8
1-2

MDI-X

MDI

3-6

MDI-X

MDI

4-5

7-8
1-2

MDI

MDI-X

3-6

MDI

MDI-X

4-5

7-8

1-2

Kiu cp

3-6
4-5

Tc Mbit/s

1000

Cp

Gi tr trong

Gi tr trong

menu

menu

Crossover cho

Crossover cho

1-2

cng A
MDI

cng B
MDI

3-6

MDI

MDI

4-5

MDI

MDI

7-8
1-2

MDI
MDI-X

MDI
MDI-X

3-6

MDI-X

MDI-X

4-5

MDI-X

MDI-X

7-8
1-2

MDI-X
MDI-X

MDI-X
MDI

3-6

MDI-X

MDI

4-5

MDI-X

MDI

Straightthrough

Straightthrough

Kiu cp

Croossover

Crossover

Straightthrough

7-8
1-2

MDI-X
MDI

MDI
MDI-X

3-6

MDI

MDI-X

4-5

MDI

MDI-X

7-8

MDI

MDI-X

Straightthrough

BERT
Php o BERT cho php o tc li bit l t l ca cc bit li trn tng s cc bit
pht. thc hin o kim th mt mu bit nh phn xc nh (c bit c u thu
v u pht) c m ho vo trong khung Ethernet m s c pht i
Ti pha u thu th cc mu gi c so snh vi cc mu ph pht v sau tc
li bit c m. kt ni ti mng TMD th phi s dng cc giao din chuyn
i chuyn lu lng mng gi (Ethernet) vo trong lu lng mng TDM.
Vic o kim c th c thc hin li 4 lp ca m hnh OSI
Ti lp vt l (lp 1) d liu o kim c gi tng phn mt vi khe h
gia cc khung c xc nh (IFG). Trong trng hp ny php o c
thc hin t cng A(B) n cng B(A) hoc s dng chc nng Loopback

Ti lp d liu (lp 2) tt c d liu c m ho vo khung Ethernet do

cho php pht cc gi o xuyn qua mng vi thit b lp 2 ca m
hnh OSI (Cc switch mng)

Ti lp mng (lp 3), tt c d liu c m ho vo trong gi IP v sau

vo trong khung Ethernet do cho php truyn cc gi o kim xuyn
qua mng vi thit b ca c lp 2 v lp 3 ca m hnh OSI (Switch,
Router)

 Ti lp truyn dn (lp 4), D liu o kim c m ho vo trong mt

UDP header sau vo trong IP header v khung Ethernet do cho php
pht mu o kim s dng cc giao thc truyn dn

ET
RT
BITs
EBITs
BER
LSS
%LSS

Thi gian tri t khi bt u php o

Thi gian cn loi kt thc php o
S bit thu c
S bit b li
T l ca gi t bit li v gi tr cc BIT
Khong thi gian mt ng b
T l khong thi gian LSS vi thi gian tri nhn

LOS
%LOS

phn trm
Khong thi gian mt tn hiu
T l khong thi gian LOS vi thi gian tri nhn

phn trm
Setup
Chuyn ti menu Setup BERT
chuyn ti menu Results n nt F4 (Kt qu)

 Level : Chn lp theo m hnh OSI thc hin o ti :

o Lp vt l (lp 1)
o Lp d liu (lp 2)
o Lp mng (lp 3)
o Lp truyn dn (lp 4)
Pattern : Chn mu o kim chun hoc ngi dng xc nh trc
o User : Ngi dng xc nh trc mu
o Frame : Xc nh kch thc khung (n v Byte)
o Rate : Xc nh tc c yu cu (n v %(F1), kbps (F2) hoc
Mbps (F3))
o Test duration : Xc nh thi gian o kim
o Test topology: Chuyn ti menu Topology

S dng menu Topology xc nh cc cng thu v pht. Cng thu/pht trn

cng cng c s dng truyn v nhn d liu (dng trong ch
Loopback). Nu ngi dng s dng chc nng o kim khng i xng th
phi chn thit b t xa nh cgn thu/pht.
o Header: Chuyn ti menu Header

Tt c cc mu o kim c s dng cho cc php o ph hp vi tiu chun O.150

Kiu mu
2e9-1

S s dng (gii thiu)

Cc php o li trn ng d liu m tc ln ti

2e11-1

14400 bit/s
Cc php o li v jitter ti tc 64 bbit/s v 64 x n

2e15-1

kbit/s trong N l s nguyn.

Cc php o li v jitter ti tc 1544,2048, 6312, 8448,

2e20-1
2e23-1

32 064 v 44 736 kbit/s

Cc php o li v jitter ti tc 72 kbit/s
Cc php o li v jitter ti tc 34 368 v 139 264

2e29-1
2e31-1

kbit/s
Pht hin cc li (cho cc ng truyn tc cao trn
139 264 kbps

Cc thit lp o kim BERT MPLS:

Nhn xp chng cho vic o kim cc mng v cc quy tc thu nhn c th c m
t trong menu MPLS. Cu hnh cc thng s sau t menu MPLS nh sau:
n Tests, chn BERT, Setup, Header, Advanced v MPLS

Transmission: Chuyn ti menu Label stack

Reception: Chuyn ti moenu Reception rules
Cc gi tr c xc nh trong menu Label stack v Reception rules c
hin th trn mn hnh

 Labels: Vo s nhn. C th chn t 1 ~ 3

Label: Vo gi tr nhn
MPLS COS: Chn lp dch v cho lung d liu
TTL: Vo gi tr TTL cho lung d liu

Labels: Vo s nhn. C th la chn t 1 n 3

Label1, Label 2, Label 3: Vo gi tr Label

Cc c ch kt ni:
My o ETS 1000 c th c kt ni bng cch s dng cc c ch kt ni khc
nhau nh c m t trong chng sau. Cc c ch kt ni cho vic o kim lp vt
l v lp d liu, lp mng c din gii nh sau:
Thc hin o kim lp vt l (C ch 1) nh sau:

Thc hin o kim lp vt l (c ch 2) nh sau:

Thc hin o kim lp d liu/lp mng (c ch 1) nh sau:

Thc hin o kim lp d liu/mng (c ch 2) nh sau:

Thc hin o kim lp d liu/lp mng (c ch 3) nh sau:

Packet Jitter:
Nhim v quan trng khc cho vic o kim mng Ethernet l thc hin cc php o
packet jitter. Theo thut ton RFC 4689 th packet jitter l gi tr tuyt i ca s
khc nhau gia tr chuyn ti ca hai gi tin thu c lin tip thuc v cng mt
lung d liu. Thng s ny c s dng c tnh kh nng truyn dn ca cc
lu lng c nhy vi tr nh d liu video v thoi
Php o Packet jitter l mt c im tu chn

 ET: Ch dn thi gian tri qua t khi bt u php o

RT: Ch dn thi gian cn li kt thc php o
PKTs: Ch dn s tng kt ca cc gi tin thu nhn c.
OOOPs: Ch dn s cc gi tin thu nhn c nm ngoi s sp xp.
%OOOPs: Ch dn cht lng ca cc gi tin thu c nm ngoi s sp
xp (phn trm ca PKTs)
INOPs: Ch dn s ca cc gi tin thu c trong cng s sp xp m
chng c pht
%INOPs: Ch dn cht lng ca cc gi tin thu c trong cng s sp
xp m chng c pht (phn trm ca PKTs)
<ms%PKTs: Ch dn s cc gi tin (phn trm ca PKTs) vi gi tr jitter
m t hn ngng xc nh.
>= ms%PKTs: Ch dn s cc gi tin (phn trm ca PKTs) vi gi tr
jitter vt hoc ngang vi ngng xc nh.
Setup: Chuyn ti menu Setup.
Khi bt u thc hin php o th tt c cc thit lp ca menu tr nn khng
sn c cho sa cha.
chuyn ti mn hnh Packet jitter Plot hy n nt F1

 chuyn ti mn hnh Packet Jitter Distribution hy n nt F2

Ti mn hnh ny c 2 ct c hin th. Trong ct u th s c cc khong

c hin th, ct th hai cho thy cht lng ca cc gi (phn trm) m n
nm trong khong tng ng.
Gii hn trn ca mt khong c th c xc nh trong menu Packet jitter
Setup. Khong gia gi tr 0 v ngng c chia theo s nh trc ca

cc khong ph. Kt qu ca php o th ct bn phi l phn trm ca cc gi

tin vi gi tr jitter nm trong gii hn khong ph tng ng c hin th.
chuyn menu Results hy n F4

Rx port: Chn mt cgn o Jitter

Threshold, ms: Vo gi tr ngng Jitter
Duration: Xc nh khong thi gian thc hin php o Jitter
Test traffic: Chuyn ti menu Test traffic.

Lu lng o kim:
c im to lu lng o kim c s dng thc hin cc php o packet jitter
My o h tr vic to lung d liu o kim theo 2 ch sau:
Lu lng o kim c to v sau jitter c o ti cng cng
Lu lng o kim c to ti mt cng v sau jitter c o ti cng
khc. Trong trng hp ny cng kt cui c th l mt cng ti thit b o
ti u xa.
Khi vic to lu lng o kim c bt u th tt c cc thit lp trong menu tr
nn khng th truy nhp sa cha c.
Cc php o Jitter c ch 1 nh sau:

Cc php o Jitter c ch 2 nh sau:

Cc php o Jitter c ch 3 nh sau:

Menu lu lng o kim c nhn thy nh sau:

 Send: Cho php hoc khng cho php to lu lng o kim

Tx port: CHn cng to lu long o kim
Frame: Vo kch thc khung. Gi tr nm trong di 64 ~ 9600 byte
Duration: Ch dn khong thi gian to lu lng o kim
Rate: Vo tc phn trm (), n v kbps () hoc Mbps (). Di gi tr
chp nhn c l 00:00:01 n 23:59:59
Header: Chuyn ti menu Header
ET: Ch dn thi gian tri qua k t khi vic to lu lng o kim bt
u
RT: Ch dn thi gian cn li vic to lu lng kt thc.

Cc thit lp lu lng o kim MPLS:

Nhn xp chng v cc quy tc thu nhn c th c xc nh trong menu Label
stack. Cu hnh cc thng s sau t menu Label Stack nh sau:
n Tests, chn Test traffic, Header, Advanced v MPLS

 Labels: Vo s nhn. C th chn t 1 ~ 3

Label: Vo gi tr nhn
MPLS COS: Chn lp dch v cho lung d liu
TTL: Vo gi tr TTL cho lung d liu

Thng k:
S dng cc phm mi tn iu chnh ln xung hoc n cc phm F2/F3.
Cc thng k lu lng tp trung cho cc cng A v B nh sau:

 Rx frames: Ch dn s cc khung thu c.

Tx frames: Ch dn s cc khung c pht i
Rx bytes: Ch dn s cc bytes thu c
Tx bytes: Ch dn s cc bytes c pht i
Rx Kb/s: Ch dn ca trng ny cho thy s kilobits mi giy thu c trn
cng

Thng k theo kiu khung:

Thng k theo lp:

Thng k theo cc khung li:

CRC: Ch dn s khung vi FCS li

Runt: Ch dn s cc gi tin t hn 64 byte vi FCS li
Jabber: Ch dn s cc gi tin ln hn 1518 byte vi FCS li

Chng 8: Lu cc kt qu o kim:
Trong cc ch o kim RFC 2544, BERT v Packet jitter th my o ETS 1000
h tr vic quan st thng tin v cc kt qu o kim c lu pha trc (F2), lu
cc thit lp o kim v cc kt qu (F3) v ti cc kt qu v cu hnh o kim
c lu trc (F4). thc hin bt k hot ng no trong ch o kim RFC
2544 hy n F4 (Data) chuyn ti menu tng ng.

lu d liu:
1. Chn mt s m ngi dng mun lu vo
2. n
3. Vo tn lu kt qu
4. n nt
5. n nt F3 ( lu)

 ti cc kt qu v cc thit lp lu trc:
1. Chn s vo
2. n nt F4 ti

Chng 9 iu khin t xa
My o ETS 1000 cho php kt ni ti mt PC thng qua giao din USB 1.1/2.0
hoc thng qua cng LAN
thc hin kt ni my o ti PC thng qua giao din USB th ngi dng phi
thit lp mt cng COM o.
Ti phin bn mi nht ca VCP (cng COM o) t a ch http://www.ftdichip.com.

Qun l trong ch kt cui:

Mt kch hot bn trong my o c th c thc hin bng cch s dng
HyperTerminal - ng dng tiu chun ca Microsoft Windows
cp nht phn mm cho my o ETS 1000 th ng dng kt cui s phi truyn
file thng qua giao thc X-modem

Cc thit lp kt ni cho ch Terminal:

1. Chc chn my o c bt
2. Ni my o ETS 1000 ti cng USB bng cch s dng cp USB
3. Nu s dng tnh nng HyperTerminal th hy thc hin cc bc sau:

a. To mt kt ni mi (File >New Connection menu)

b. Trong hp hi thoi Connection Description hy vo tn chn biu
tng ri kch OK
c. Trong hp hi thoi Connect To chn cng COM ca PC m c kt
ni ti my o ETS 1000. Sau kch OK
d. Cc thng s ca cng COM:
Bits per second 57600
Data bits 8
Parity None
Stop bits 1
Flow control None
e. Kch OK

Chng 10: Khc phc s c

Vn
Khng ng thi gian h

Nguyn nhn li
Phi Reset phn cng ca

Gii php
Thit lp li thi gian h

thng

my o c n

thng t menu Basic

Pin phng ht

settings
Ni ngun v sc pin cho

Pin khng sc t ngun

Phn mm b li
Ngun b li, t dy, Pin

my
n nt reset cng
Kim tra li phn ngun

chuyn i bn ngoi

b hng

cung cp hoc thay Pin

Khng th bt my

(nu cn)

Mc Lc
Thng tin chng nhn....................................................................................................2
Thng tin F.C.C..........................................................................................................2
Thng tin CE..............................................................................................................2
Thng tin v tiu chun FCC v IC...............................................................................3
Chng 1: Gii thiu v my phn tch.........................................................................4
Ethernet ETS 1000......................................................................................................4
Cc connector ni vi tn hiu v cc n LEDs:..................................................4
M t chc nng ca cc n LED:.......................................................................5
M t thanh trng thi:...........................................................................................6
M t cc Phm.......................................................................................................7
Cc connector bn ngoi:.......................................................................................8
Cc b pht quang (Transceivers):.......................................................................10
Cc quy nh an ton............................................................................................10
Chng 2:Thng bo an ton.......................................................................................11
Chng 3 : Bt u......................................................................................................12
Chng 4 : Thit lp cho my o.................................................................................13
Thit lp mng..........................................................................................................13
Thit lp giao din....................................................................................................14
Thit lp my o:.....................................................................................................15
Thit lp mn hnh hin th:.................................................................................15
Cc thit lp c bn:.............................................................................................16
Thng tin:.............................................................................................................17
Thng tin SFP:.....................................................................................................18
Battery:.................................................................................................................18
Cc tu chn qun l:...........................................................................................19
Chng 5: Cc nhim v v gii php in hnh.........................................................20
Cc nhim v in hnh:..........................................................................................20
Phng php o RFC 2544:.................................................................................20
Throughput Bng thng:...................................................................................20

Latency tr:..................................................................................................21
Frame Loss Rate Tc mt khung:................................................................22
Back to Back:.................................................................................................23
Chng 6: Kt ni my o...........................................................................................24
Cc c ch kt ni my o:......................................................................................24
Chng 7: Cu hnh v bt u thc hin mt php o...............................................27
Cc thit lp chung cho RFC 2544:.........................................................................27
Thit lp Header:..................................................................................................27
Thit lp Header (advanced):...............................................................................28
Cc thit lp RFC 2544 MPLS:...........................................................................30
Cu hnh o kim:................................................................................................31
Chn kch thc khung:.......................................................................................32
Thit lp cc thng s o kim theo chun RFC 2544:...........................................32
Thit lp o kim Throughput:.............................................................................32
Cc thit lp o kim tr:................................................................................33
Cc thit lp o tn hao khung:............................................................................34
Cc thit lp o kim Back to Back:..............................................................35
Avanced Tin tin:.............................................................................................36
Phn tch c tnh theo chun RFC 2544:.............................................................37
Cc kt qu o kim bng thng Throughput:..................................................37
Cc kt qu o kim tr - Latency:.................................................................38
Cc kt qu o tn hao khung:.............................................................................39
Cc kt qu o kim php o Back to Back:.................................................40
o kim khng i xng:........................................................................................41
Lu lng t hp:................................................................................................42
Thit lp MPLS Lu lng t hp:.......................................................................47
Ch Loopback:................................................................................................48
Cu hnh loopback L2:.........................................................................................49
Cu hnh Loopback lp 3:....................................................................................51
OAM:...................................................................................................................52
ET Discovery :.....................................................................................................54
o kim TCP/IP :.....................................................................................................56
Ping :....................................................................................................................56
Traceroute :..........................................................................................................58
Bng kt qua traceroute :......................................................................................60
DNS (DNS lookup) :...........................................................................................60
ARP monitor :......................................................................................................61
TCP client :........................................................................................................62
Pass Through :......................................................................................................63
Cc chun on cable :.........................................................................................64
BERT........................................................................................................................67
Cc thit lp o kim BERT MPLS:........................................................................71
Cc c ch kt ni:...............................................................................................73
Packet Jitter:.............................................................................................................74
Lu lng o kim:..............................................................................................77
Cc thit lp lu lng o kim MPLS:..............................................................79
Thng k:.............................................................................................................80
Thng k theo kiu khung:...................................................................................81
Thng k theo lp:...............................................................................................82
Thng k theo cc khung li:...............................................................................82

Chng 8: Lu cc kt qu o kim:...........................................................................83
lu d liu:......................................................................................................83
ti cc kt qu v cc thit lp lu trc:..................................................83
Chng 9 iu khin t xa..........................................................................................84
Qun l trong ch kt cui:.................................................................................84
Cc thit lp kt ni cho ch Terminal:...........................................................84
Chng 10: Khc phc s c.......................................................................................85