KH QUA(Momordica )

Su tm : hong Sng

Tn khoa hc: momordica charantia L.( Momordica chinensis, M. elegans, M. indica, M. operculata, M. sinensis, sicyos fauriei )
H: Cucurbitaceae
Tn gi khc: mp ng, kh qua,cm l chi,li b o,hng c nng,lng qua,mp m,chua hao, papailla, melao de Sao
Caetano, bittergourd, nha thm to, balsam pear, karela, k'ukua kurela, korkuey, ku gua, Pavaaki, salsamino, sorci, sorossi,
sorossie, sorossies, pare, peria laut, peria
B phn dng: thn, l, qu, ht

PHN B
Mp ng mc vng nhit i, bao gm cc khu vc ca Amazon,pha ng chu Phi, chu v vng Caribbean, v c
trng khp Nam M nh l mt thc phm v y hc. l mt loi cy thn mnh, leo , mc hng nm vi l di cung v hoa
c v ci n c mu vng nch l. Qu bu dc gm cc nt sn nh. Cc tri non mu ngc xanh, chuyn sang mu
vng cam khi chn. Vo ngy o hn, qu m ra chia thnh ba van khng u cong ngc tr li v nhn thy nhiu ht mu
nu hoc mu trng bc trong arils . Tn Latin Momordica c ngha l "cn", cp n cc cnh lm chm ca l, xut
hin nh th h b cn. Tt c cc b phn ca cy c v rt ng.
Ch thch : Vit Nam c loi mp ng ngun gc mc trong rng , hin nay c trng dng lm thc phm , tc dng
tr bnh tng t.

S DNG THO DC

Amazon, ngi dn a phng v cc b tc bn a trng mp ng trong vn ca h lm thc phm v phc v y hc. Nn Y

hc ca h c mt lch s lu di v vic s dng tho dc ny . Tr l c s dng cho bnh tiu ng, ui kh ng rut, thc y
kinh nguyt, v nh mt thuc khng virus si, vim gan, tr bnh st, c s dng ti ch cho vt lot, vt thng nhim trng v s dng
nh mt loi thuc tr su v k sinh trng.
Trong y hc tho dc Brazil, mp ng c s dng cho cc khi u, vt thng, bnh thp khp, st rt, dch tit m o, vim nhim,
vn kinh nguyt, tiu ng, au bng, st, su. N cng c dng gy sy thai v nh l mt kch thch tnh dc. N
c s dng lm phng thuc bi cho da iu tr vim m o, bnh tr, gh nga, ni mn nga, eczema, bnh phong v cc vn
v da khc.
Ti Mexico, ton b cy thucc s dng cho bnh tiu ng v bnh kit l gc cy l mt loi thuc kch thch tnh dc c cht
lng.
Trong y hc tho dc Peru, l hoc b phn ca cy c s dng iu tr bnh si, st rt, v tt c cc loi vim.
Ti Nicaragua, l thng c dng tr au d dy, tiu ng, st, cm lnh, ho, au u, st rt, ni mn da, ri lon kinh nguyt, au
nhc, tng huyt p, nhim trng, v nh mt tr gip trong khi sinh con.
Vit Nam trong dn gian, ngoi vic s dng lm thc phm , mp ng cn c s dng nu nc tri ti tm cho tr s sinh b rm
sy v ung tr ho

HOT TNH SINH HC

Mp ng c cha mt lot cc ha cht thc vt , hot tnh sinh hc bao gm triterpenes, protein, v steroid. Mt cht ha hc
chng minh lm sng c kh nng c ch cc enzym guanylate cyclase m c cho l lin quan n cc nguyn nhn gy ra bnh vy nn
v cng cn thit cho s tng trng ca t bo bnh bch cu v ung th.
Ngoi ra, mt loi protein c tm thy trong n: momordin, chng minh lm sng hot ng anticancerous chng u lympho
Hodgkin ng vt, protein khc trong c y t h u c , alpha , betamomorcharin v cucurbitacin B, c th nghim v hiu ng.
anticancerous c th.
Mt analog ha hc ca cc protein mp ng c pht hin v c bng sng ch t tn l "MAP30".Theo cc bo co, n
c th c ch s pht trin khi u tuyn tin lit.
Hai trong s cc proteinalpha v betamomorcharin cng c bo co l c ch virus HIV trong cc nghin cu trong ng
nghim. Trong mt nghin cu, cc t bo nhim HIV c iu tr bng alpha v betamomorcharin cho thy mt s mt mt gn nh hon
chnh ca khng nguyn virus trong khi cc t bo khe mnh l khng b nh hng. Cc nh pht minh ca MAP30 np mt bng sng ch
trong ni l "hu ch cho vic iu tr cc khi u v nhim HIV..." Mt nghin cu lm sng cho thy hot tnh khng virus MAP30 cng l
tng i so vi virus herpes trong ng nghim.
Trong nhiu nghin cu, t nht ba nhm khc nhau ca cc thnh phn c tm thy trong tt c cc b phn ca mp ng
chng minh lm sng h ng huyt (ng trong mu gim) c tim nng chng li bnh tiu ng. Nhng ha cht ny lm h
thp lng ng trong mu bao gm mt hn hp ca cc saponin steroid gi l charantins, peptide ging Insulin, v ancaloit.
Tc dng h ng huyt l r rt hn trong qu mp ng: Alkaloids, charantin, charine, cryptoxanthin, cucurbitins,
curbitacins,cucurbitanes, cycloartenols, diosgenin, axit elaeostearic, erythrodiol, axit galacturonic, axit gentisic, goyaglycosides,
goyasaponins, thuc c ch guanylatecyclase, gypsogenin, hydroxytryptamines, arounidiols, lanosterol, axit lauric, acid linoleic , acid
linolenic, momorcharasides, momorcharins, momordenol, momordicilin, momordicins, omordicinin, momordicosides, momordin,
iflorenol,axitmyristic,nerolidol,acidoleanolic,acid oleic,acidoxalic, pentadecans, peptide, idpetroselinic, polypeptide, proteinribosome bt hot
protein, acid rosmarinic, rubixanthin, spinasterol,glycosid steroid, stigmastadiol, stigmasterol, taraxerol, trehalose, trypsin inhibitors, uracil,
vacine, vinsulin, verbascoside, vicine, zeatin, riboside zeatin, zeaxanthin, v einoxanthin u c tm thy trong mp ng.

HOT NG SINH HC V NGHIN CU LM SNG

n nay, gn 100 in vivo cc nghin cu chng minh tc dng h ng huyt ca tri ng ny. Qu cng th hin kh
nng tng cng s hp thu glucose ca t bo thc y sn xut insulin v tng tc dng ca insulin.
Trong nghin cu khc , qu mp ng v ht ging c chng minh l lm gim cholesterol. Trong mt nghin cu, mc
Cholesterol v triglycerid tng cao chut mc bnh tiu ng tr li bnh thng sau 10 tun iu tr.
Anticancerous v antileukemic ca mp ng chng li rt nhiu cc dng t bo, bao gm c ung th gan, ung th mu con ngi,
khi u c tnh, v sacm rn.

Mp ng, nh mt s ha cht thc vt b c lp ca n, cng c ghi nhn vi in vitro khng li nhiu loi virus, bao gm c
EpsteinBarr, herpes, v virus HIV. Trong mt c th sng nghin cu, chit xut l tng sc khng vi nhim virus v c mt mi
tng tc immunostimulant ngi v vt nui, tng sn xut interferon .
Ngoi nhng c tnh trn, chit xut l mp ng chng minh ph rng hot ng khng khun. Chit xut khc nhau ca l
chng minh in vitro hot ng khng khun E. coli, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Salmonella, Streptobacillus , v Streptococcus
n c c h i t ton b cy thuc c chng minh l c hot ng chng li antiprotozoal Entamoeba histolytica . Nc p tri v hoa
chng minh cng mt loi tnh cht khng khun v trong mt nghin cu khc, mt chit xut hoa qu chng minh hot tnh chng lot
d dy gy vi khun Helicobacter pylori .
Nhiu in vivo cc nghin cu lm sng chng minh c tnh tng i thp ca tt c cc b phn ca cy mp ng khi n
ung. Tuy nhin, c tnh v thm ch t vong ng vt trong phng th nghim c bo co khi chit xut cy thuc c
tim vo tnh mch. Cc nghin cu khc cho thy cht chit xut t tri cy v l (khi n ung) c an ton khi mang thai. Cc ht ging,
r cy chng minh kh nng gy sy thai chut cng v chut nht, c ghi nhn nh mt cht kch thch t cung ng vt. Qu
v l mp ng chng minh hiu qu antifertility c th n v nam, nh hng n vic sn xut tinh trng tiu cc.

S DNG THC HIN

Trong nhng nm qua cc nh khoa hc xc minh nhiu t c dng tr bnh truyn thng ca c y t h u c ng ny,
n tip tc l mt phng thuc t nhin quan trng trong h thng y hc tho dc.
Vin nang mp ng v cn thuc ang ngy cng tr nn ph bin rng ri ti Hoa K v c s dng bi cc b n h n h n
mun mun iu tr

bnh bng thuc trong thin nhin : tiu ng, vi rt, cm lnh , cm cm, ung th , cc khi u, cholesterol cao,

v bnh vy nn.
Chit xut hoa ,qu v ht tp trung c th c s n x u t

trong vin nang v vin nn, cng nh ton b tho mc trn bt

nho chit xut ra dng vin nang v cn thuc.

CHNG CH NH
Mp ng c ghi nhn :kch thch co t cung (mc yu) do , n c chng ch nh trong thai k.
Lm gim kh nng sinh sn c nam v n v v th khng nn c s dng bi nhng ngi ang iu tr kh nng sinh sn hay tm kim s
mang thai.
Cc cht ha hc hot ng trong mp ng c th c chuyn qua sa m do , n c chng ch nh ph n ang cho con b.
Tt c cc b phn ca mp ng (c bit l tri v ht ) chng minh h thp lng ng trong mu. Nh vy, chng ch nh nhng
ngi b h ng huyt. Bnh nhn tiu ng nn kim tra vi bc s trc khi s dng cy thuc ny v s dng mt cch thn trng trong khi
theo di lng ng trong mu thng xuyn nh liu lng ca thuc insulin c th cn phi iu chnh.
Mc d tt c cc b phn ca cy thuc chng minh hot tnh khng khun , khng cho thy hot tnh chng nm hoc nm men. S dng lu
di cy thuc ny c th dn n tiu dit cc vi khun c ch cho ng rut v to s pht trin qu mc ca nm men (Candida).
.
Tng tc thuc: Mp ng c th lm tng insulin v cc thuc chng i tho ng v cc loi thuc h cholesterol.