http://www.pec9.

com

10

10
10.1

1( )

1.
2.
3.
4.

http://www.pec9.com

10

10.2

v = st

v = f

v ( / )
s ( )
t ( )
f ( )
( )

1.

25oC

(m/s)

346

1,498

1,531

5,200
2.
2


v T

v = 331 + 0.6 t
v ( / )
t ( oC )
2

http://www.pec9.com

10

2( ) 3

1.
2.
3.
4.

3( )
1.
2.
3.
4.

4. 25
1. 346 /
3. 412 /

2. 375 /
4. 546 /

5. 35oC 30oC
1. 3
2. 6
3. 12
4. 34

http://www.pec9.com

10

6. 692 25oC

1. 0.50
2. 0.75
3. 0.92
4. 1.20

7. 0.5
680
1. 10oC
2. 15oC
3. 20oC
4. 25oC

8. 170 340 /

1. 1.0
2. 1.5
3. 2.2
4. 2.8

http://www.pec9.com

10

9. 5
340 /
1. 1200
2. 1450
3. 1500
4. 1700

10. 1
2 0.2 3
25oC
/
1. 5190
2. 6325
3. 6952
4. 5450

11.
1 2 2.4
340 / 1496 /

1. 1000
2. 1062
3. 1500
4. 1575

http://www.pec9.com

10

10.3

4
10.3.1

1)

2) 0.1

12( En)
5 ( = 1500 m/s)
1. 1 kHz
2. 3 kHz
3. 10 kHz
4. 30 kHz

http://www.pec9.com

10

13.
0.6 1500 /
.
1. 300
2. 400
3. 450
4. 900

14( En)

40
30

= 1500 /
1. 0.07
2. 0.14
3. 0.31

40 m
30 m

4. 0.62

http://www.pec9.com

10

15. 1000 /
300 4
)
)
1. . 150 / , . 0.15 2. . 250 / , . 0.25
3. . 450 / , . 0.45 4. . 750 / , . 0.75

16. 2
1 5
340 /
1. 1000
2. 1020
3. 2000
4. 2040

17.
0.4 30
0.6

( = 1531 / )
1. 5.1 /
2. 10.2 /
3. 15.3 /
4. 25.5 /

http://www.pec9.com

10

18. 20 2.06

1. 333 /
2. 340 /
3. 347 /
4. 352 /

19( )
8
30
5
1. 80.0
2. 85.8
3. 30.0
4. 27.0

20( En) 5
2.0
330
1. 335
2. 345
3. 355
4. 365

http://www.pec9.com

10

21. 660
4
350 / /
1. 5
2. 10
3. 15
4. 20

22.
( 340 / )
1. 14
2. 15
3. 17
4. 19

10.3.2

( v ) (A) () ( f )

2

v1 , 1 , A1

v1 , 1 , A1

v2 , 2 , A2 2 v , , A
2 2 2 2

v,

, A f
10

http://www.pec9.com

10

v1
T1
sin 1
1
=
=
=
= n21
v
T
sin 2
2
2
2
1 2 1 2
v1 v2 1 2
1 2 1 2
T1 T2 () 1 2
n21 2 1
23. 30o
350 1400 /
1. sin1 0.125
2. sin1 0.131
3. sin1 0.152
4. sin1 0.175

24. x 27oC y 21oC x y

. y x
. y 342 / x

1. . 1.01 , . 345.40 /
2. . 2.04 , . 356.20 /
3. . 2.56 , . 420.36 /
4. . 3.02 , . 526.89 /

11

http://www.pec9.com

10

25. 27oC
32
1. 400
2. 402
3. 408
4. 420

26. T1
T2 1 2
sin 1 sin 2 T1 = 1.0201 T2 ( )
1. 1.01
2. 1.04
3. 2.02
4. 2.08

27. A B sin 0.98

B 18oC A
1. 4.5 oC
2. 6.5 oC
3. 8.5 oC
4. 10.5 oC

28( )
1.
2.
3.
4.

12

http://www.pec9.com

10

10.3.3

29. 340 /
170

1. 0.5
2. 1.0
3. 1.5
4. 2.0

30. 0.8 1.2

38oC
( )
1. 400.50
2. 420.25
3. 442.25
4. 450.55

13

http://www.pec9.com

10

31( En)

1.
2.
3.
4.

12.3.4

2
A3 A2 N A1 N A0 A1 A2 A3
N3
N1
N2
2
1
( S1 , S2 )

( )

*S1 *S2

(Antinode , A)

0 ( A0) 1 ( A1) , 2 ( A2) ,
3 ( A3) , ....

14

http://www.pec9.com

10

( Node , N ) ( A0 )
1 ( N1) 2 ( N2) , 3 (N3) , ..

n=0
n=1
n=2
A

0
A1
A2 A1
A2
A3
n (An)
P
S1P S2P = n
d sin = n
P n ( An )
x
x
S1
S2
S1 1
n=2 n=1
n=3
S2 2
A0
A2 A1
A3
S1P S1 P

S2P S2 P

n
x
x
d S1 S2
S1
S2
A0 An
d
n (Nn)
S1P S2P= n 12
d sin = n 12
P n ( Nn )
S1P S1 P
S2P S2 P

n
d S1 S2
A0 Nn

15

http://www.pec9.com

32.
A0
.
. 50
1. . 2.0 , . 100 /
5
2. . 3.5 , . 125 /
3. . 4.0 , . 150 /
S1
4. . 5.0 , . 250 /

10

A1
P

A2
1

S2

33. 2 30o
4
.
. 300 /
1. . 1 , . 150
2. . 1 , . 300
3. . 2 , . 350
4. . 5 , . 400

16

http://www.pec9.com

34.
S1 S2 P

S1P = 12
S2P = 2
50
S1

1. 4.50
2. 5.50
3. 6.50

10

S2
4. 7.50

35. A B 2 2 P A 4
B 3
( = 340 / )
1. 270
2. 230
3. 190
4. 170

36. 680 A
10 13
340 / P
1. 5
2. 5
3. 6
4. 6

17

http://www.pec9.com

10

37. S1 S2 2
A B A
B
X 5 330
/ S1 , S2 2
1. 400.50 Hz
2. 412.50 Hz
3. 500.50 Hz

38. S1 S2
20 40
A B
A B
7
/
1. 1
2. 2
3. 3
4. 4

18

S1

2m

S2

x
A

4. 512.50 Hz

S1

40 cm

S2

B
30 cm

http://www.pec9.com

39. S1 S2 2 6
P S1
P Q

510 S
2
340 /
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4

10

54 m

P
30 m
Q

4. 5

40. 350

0.7 m

0.5 m

0.7 m
2

2m

( )
1. 1121
2. 1750
3. 2121
4. 3352

19

http://www.pec9.com

10

41( En) r
14 320
S D
1. 285
2. 575
S
r
D
3. 700
4. 1000

42. 1.50 5.00

360 /

1. 50
2. 54
3. 58
4. 60

20

http://www.pec9.com

10

10.4
10.4.1
( I )

I = P
A
I ( / )
P ( )
A ( )



A = 4 R2

I = P
4R 2
I ( / )
P ( )
R ( ) ( )

1 /
(Io) 1012 /
Io
= I
Io

21

http://www.pec9.com

10

43. 20 150
/
1. 3.02 x 105
2. 5.12 x 105
3. 7.07 x 105
4. 9.01 x 105

44. 220
100
100 10%
1. 7.9 x 104 /
2. 9.0 x 104 /
3. 15.8 x 104 /
4. 18.0 x 104 /

45. x 1010
( = 1012 / )
1. 2
2. 5
3. 7
4. 12

22

http://www.pec9.com

10

46( ) 3.14 x 1014

1012 /
1. 5
2. 10
3. 25
4. 40

47( En) 0.1

4 x 1012
1012
1. 10
2. 15
3. 20
4. 25

48( En)
5 1.2x102 10

1. 1 x 103
2. 2 x 103
3. 3 x 103
4. 4 x 103

23

http://www.pec9.com

10

49( ) 108 / 1012 /

1. 10
2. 100
3. 1000
4. 10000

50. . 40 .
. 30
. .
25
1. 16
2. 45
3. 45
4. 16
25

10.4.2
( I )
( )
I
= 10 log
10 12
( , dB )
I ( / )
24

http://www.pec9.com

10

1. log 10 = 1
2. log Mx = x log M log 105 = 5 log 10 = 5 ( 1 ) = 5
3. log x = log y x = y
51. 1 x 107 /
1. 30

2. 40

3. 50

4. 70

52. 1 /

1. 100
2. 120
3. 150
4. 170

53. 1
4 x 103
1. 50
2. 70
3. 90
4. 120

25

http://www.pec9.com

10

54( ) 80 /

1. 102
2. 104
3. 106
4. 108

55( ) 10
100
1. 12.5 x 104
2. 12.6
3. 3.14
4. 102

56. 90 1.5

1. 0.50 x 103
2. 0.75 x 103
3. 1.00 x 103
4. 1.50 x 103

26

http://www.pec9.com

10

I
P R2
= 10 log I2

2 1 = 10 log 2 12
P1 R2
1
1 , 2 ( )
I1 , I2 ( / )
P1 , P2 ( )
R1 , R2 ( )
2 1

57( ) 1 60
10
1. 600
2. 100
3. 70
4. 60

58( ) . 20
. 20 100000 .

1. 600
2. 100
3. 70
4. 60

27

http://www.pec9.com

10

59( ) 5 50 dB
50
1. 20
2. 30
3. 100
4. 150

60. A B 10 40
B 2
A 1
1. 0
2. 4
3. 10
4. 15

61( En) 80
70

1. 80 %
2. 88 %
3. 90 %
4. 99 %

28

http://www.pec9.com

10

62. 1 60
70 .
1. 2
2. 10
3. 100
4. 150

63. 10

1. 2
2. 10
3. 10
4. 100

10.5
10.5.1

20 20000
20 ( Infrasonic wave )
20000 ( Ultrasonic wave )

29

http://www.pec9.com

10

Harmonic 1

3 8
4 8
8
2 8
8
( 16 ) ( 24 ) ( 32 )
Harmonic 2 Harmonic 3 Harmonic 4 Harmonic 5

/ .. // .. /// .. //// ..
256 Hz

512 Hz

1024 Hz

2048 Hz

4096 Hz

/ 8 /
// , /// , //// 2 ,
3 4
2
64.
1.
2.
3.

4.

65.
1.
2.

4.

3.

66( ) 70

1. 30
2. 1000
3. 10000
4. 30000

30

http://www.pec9.com

10

67. C 256 16 C
1. 512
2. 1024
3. 2048
4. 4096

68. 1200
1. 600
2. 400
3. 300
4. 150

10.5.2


Higher Hamonic (
) Hamonic

90%
1
2
95%

4%

3%

4%

2%

1%

1%

69( En)

1.
2.
3.
4.

31

http://www.pec9.com

10

70( )
1.
2.
3.
4.

10.6
10.6.1
2

( beats )

1
fB = f1 f2
fB ( )
f1 1 ( )
f2 2 ( )

f f
f = 1 2
2
7
32

http://www.pec9.com

10

71( En)
1. 1 1
2. 1 2
3. 2 2
4. 3 3

72( )



1. Doppler effect () 2. Resonance ()
3. Shock waves ()
4. Beats
73. 507
512
1. 5
2. 10
3. 50
4. 75

74. C 256.0
3.0 /
1. 250
2. 253
3. 356
4. 564

33

http://www.pec9.com

10

75. 0.25
450
1. 100
2. 250
3. 378
4. 454

76. 5
438
1. 433
2. 435.5
3. 440.5
4. 443

77. 3 f1 , f2 f3 f1 < f2 < f3

2
4

1. 2
2. 6
3. 9
4. 12

78. 30
6

1. 182
2. 174
3. 364
4. 348

34

http://www.pec9.com

10

79. 2 2.05
4 /
1. 300 /
2. 328 /
3. 412 /
4. 525 /

10.6.2


(A)

2
(N)
A
A
A
N
N

1) 2

2) (A) 2 = 2
( N ) 2 = 2
(A) ( N ) = 4
80.
340
2
340 /
1. 0.5
2. 1.0
3. 500
4. 100.0

35

http://www.pec9.com

10

81. 3000
2 6
1. 340 /
2. 350 /
3. 360 /
4. 380 /

10.7
10.7.1

( natural frequency )

( Resonance )
82. 72 / 72
/
1.
2.
3.
4.

36

http://www.pec9.com

10

10.7.2



()

= 2

= 4
2

f = 4n Lv
f ( )
v ( / )
L ( )
n 1 , 3 , 5 , 7 , 9 , ....
37

http://www.pec9.com

10

n = 1
Harmonic 1
n = 3 2 Harmonic 2
n = 5 3 Harmonic 3
:

f = 2n Lv
f ( )
v ( / )
L ( )
n 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , .....
n = 1
Harmonic 1
n = 2 2 Harmonic 2
n = 3 3 Harmonic 3
83( )
3.3
330 /
1. 10
2. 20
3. 25
4. 45

38

http://www.pec9.com

10

84. 346
25

1. 25

2. 24
3. 22
25 .

4. 20

85. 686
20

1. 0.10
2. 0.12
3. 0.25
4. 0.50

86.
25 680
/
1. 250
2. 300
3. 340
4. 410

39

http://www.pec9.com

10

87( En)
0.15 0.50
350 /
1. 400
2. 500
3. 600
4. 1000

88.
17 53

450
59 99

1. 400
2. 500
3. 550
4. 650

89. 25 3
350 /
1. 350 , 700 , 1050
2. 350 , 1050 , 1750
3. 700 , 1400 , 2100
4. 700 , 2100 , 3500

40

http://www.pec9.com

10

90. 340 /
20
1. 250
2. 320
3. 375
4. 425

91( En)

50
( 340 / )
1. 300
2. 435
3. 510
4. 850

92. 256
330
4
1. 0.2
2. 0.3
3. 0.4
4. 0.5

41

http://www.pec9.com

10

93( ) 100
1. 100
2. 200
3. 300
4. 500

94. 1 0.5
( = 330 / )
1. 330
2. 495
3. 660
4. 3 x 103

95. 240 242

10
348
1. 2
2. 3
3. 4
4. 6

42

http://www.pec9.com

10

f= n T
v = T
2L

f ( )
n Loop
L ()
T ()
1 ()
v (/)
96. 2 15 12

1. 10
2. 20
3. 30
4. 40

97.

2
1. 12
2. 1
3. 2
4. 2

43

http://www.pec9.com

98( En)
)
)
)
)

1.
2.
3.

10

4.

10.8
10.8.1
(
)
1
( )
(f )

2

( ) (f )

44

http://www.pec9.com

10

3
( ) (f )

4
( ) (f )

5

() (f )

( ) (f )

(V V )
fL = (Vo VL) fs
fL =
o s
fs =
Vo =

Vs =
= (Vo fs Vs )
VL =
=
45

http://www.pec9.com

10

VL Vs +,
VL , Vs Vo +
VL , Vs Vo
99( En)
1.

2.
3.
4.

100( )
500
1. 500
500
2. 500
500
3.
4.

46

http://www.pec9.com

101.

1.

2.

10

3.

4.

102. 30 / 500
330 /
15 /
.
.
1. . 275 , . 357.5
2. . 575 ,.437.5
3. . 757 , . 734.5
4. . 895 , . 745.5

47

http://www.pec9.com

10

103. 30 / 500
330 /
.
.
1. . 275 , . 357.5 2. . 475 , . 437.5
3. . 550 , . 458.3 4. . 895 , . 745.5

104. 30 / 500
330 /
.
.
1. . 0.4 , . 0.70
2. . 0.6 , . 0.72
3. . 0.8 , . 0.92
4. . 0.9 , . 1.20

105. 6/7
/ ( V = 330 / )
1. 40
2. 55
3. 62
4. 85

48

http://www.pec9.com

10

106( )

1.
2.
3.
4.

107( )
1.
2.
3.
4.

108( En)

1.
2.
3.
4.

10.8.2

49

http://www.pec9.com

10

( Sonic boom )

Sin = VVos = M1 = hx

Vo ( / )
Vs ( / )
M
h ( )
x ( )
109. Sonic boom
1.
2.
3.
4.

50

http://www.pec9.com

10

110.
.
.

1. . .
2. . .
3. . . .
4. . . .

111. 1.5 Mach 3

1. 1.0
2. 2.5
3. 4.0
4. 4.5

112( En) 510 / 6

( = 340 / )
1. 6
2. 6.7
3. 9
4. 12

51

http://www.pec9.com

10

113( En)
30o
/ 330 /
1. 350
2. 400
3. 580
4. 660

114. 1.5 10

1. sin1 13
2. sin1 23
3. sin1 1
4. sin1 32

115.
1. 5
2. 10
3. 15
4. 20

116. 2 /
340 /
1. 400
2. 520
3. 590
4. 680

52