PEN-C,I,M N2 (2017) Thy Ngc H - Vin Vt L & Hocmai

B GIO DC V O TO
THI CHNH THC

LUYN THI THPQG 2017

K THI TRUNG HC PH THNG QUC GIA NM 2016

Mn: VT L
Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht, khng k thi gian pht

H, tn hc sinh: ..........................................................................
Cu 1: Mt cht im dao ng c phng trnh x = 10cos(15t + ) (x tnh bng cm, t tnh bng s).
Cht im ny dao ng vi tn s gc l
A. 20 rad/s.
B. 10 rad/s.
C. 5 rad/s.
D. 15 rad/s.
Solution. Chn D
Cu 2: Mt sng c truyn dc theo trc Ox vi phng trnh u = 2cos(40t 2x) (mm). Bin
ca sng ny l
A. 2 mm.
B. 4 mm.
C. mm.
D. 40 mm.
Solution. Chn A
Cu 3: Sut in ng cm ng do my pht in xoay chiu mt pha to ra c biu thc
e 220 2 cos 100 t 0,25 (V). Gi tr cc i ca sut in ng ny l
A. 220 2 V.
B. 110 2 V.
C. 110 V.
D. 220 V.
Solution. Chn A
Cu 4: Khi ni v sng c, pht biu no sau y sai?
A. Sng c lan truyn c trong chn khng. B. Sng c lan truyn c trong cht rn.
C. Sng c lan truyn c trong cht kh.
D. Sng c lan truyn c trong cht lng.
Solution. Chn A
Cu 5: Mt sng in t c tn s f truyn trong chn khng vi tc c. Bc sng ca sng ny l
2f
f
c
c
A.
.
B. .
C. .
D.
.
c
c
f
2f
Solution. Chn C
Cu 6: t in p xoay chiu vo hai u on mch ch c in tr th
A. cng dng in trong on mch cng pha vi in p gia hai u on mch.
B. cng dng in trong on mch tr pha 0,5 so vi in p gia hai u on mch.
C. cng dng in hiu dng trong on mch ph thuc vo tn s ca in p.
D. cng dng in trong on mch sm pha 0,5 so vi in p gia hai u on mch.
Solution. Chn A
Cu 7: Ti ni c gia tc trng trng g, mt con lc n c si dy di ang dao ng iu ho.
Tn s dao ng ca con lc l
g
1 g
1

A. 2
.
B. 2
.
C.
.
D.
.

2
2 g
g
Solution. Chn C
Cu 8: Mt trong nhng bin php lm gim hao ph in nng trn ng dy ti in khi truyn ti
in nng i xa ang c p dng rng ri l
A. gim tit din dy truyn ti in.
B. tng chiu di ng dy truyn ti in.
C. gim in p hiu dng trm pht in.
D. tng in p hiu dng trm pht in.
Solution. Chn D
Cu 9: Trong mch dao ng in t LC l tng ang hot ng, in tch trn mt bn t in bin
thin iu ho v
A. cng pha vi cng dng in trong mch.
B. lch pha 0,25 so vi cng dng in trong mch.
C. ngc pha vi cng dng in trong mch.
D. lch pha 0,5 so vi cng dng in trong mch.
Solution. Chn D
Cu 10: Mt h dao ng c ang thc hin dao ng cng bc. Hin tng cng hng xy ra khi
A. tn s ca lc cng bc ln hn tn s dao ng ring ca h dao ng.
B. chu k ca lc cng bc ln hn chu k dao ng ring ca h dao ng.
C. tn s ca lc cng bc bng tn s dao ng ring ca h dao ng.
D. chu k ca lc cng bc nh hn chu k dao ng ring ca h dao ng.
Solution. Chn C
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PEN-C,I,M N2 (2017) Thy Ngc H - Vin Vt L & Hocmai

LUYN THI THPQG 2017

Cu 11: Cho phn ng ht nhn: 21 H 21 H 42 He . y l

A. phn ng phn hch.
B. phn ng thu nng lng.
C. phn ng nhit hch.
D. hin tng phng x ht nhn.
Solution. Chn C
Cu 12: Hin tng giao thoa nh sng l bng chng thc nghim chng t nh sng
A. l sng siu m.
B. c tnh cht sng.
C. l sng dc.
D. c tnh cht ht.
Solution. Chn B
Cu 13: Pin quang in (cn gi l pin Mt Tri) l ngun in chy bng nng lng nh sng. N
bin i trc tip quang nng thnh
A. in nng.
B. c nng.
C. nng lng phn hch.
D. ha nng.
Solution. Chn A
Cu 14: Khi bn ph ht nhn 147 N bng ht , ngi ta thu c mt ht prtn v mt ht nhn X.
Ht nhn X l
A. 126 C
B. 178 O
C. 168 O
D. 146 C
Solution.
Phng trnh phn ng l 42 147 N 11 p 178 O . Chn B.
Cu 15: Theo thuyt lng t nh sng, pht biu no sau y sai?
A. Phtn ch tn ti trong trng thi chuyn ng. Khng c phtn ng yn.
B. Nng lng ca cc phtn ng vi cc nh sng n sc khc nhau l nh nhau.
C. nh sng c to thnh bi cc ht gi l phtn.
D. Trong chn khng, cc phtn bay dc theo tia sng vi tc 3.108 m/s.
Solution. Chn B
Cu 16: Mt mch dao ng in t l tng gm cun cm thun c t cm 105 H v t in c
in dung 2,5.106 F. Ly = 3,14. Chu k dao ng ring ca mch l
A. 1,57.105 s.
B. 1,57.1010 s.
C. 6,28.1010 s.
D. 3,14.105 s.
Solution.
T 2 LC 3,14.105 s. Chn D.
Cu 17: Cho hai dao ng cng phng, c phng trnh ln lt l: x1 = 10cos(100t 0,5) (cm),
x2 = 10cos(100t + 0,5) (cm). lch pha ca hai dao ng c ln l
A. 0.
B. 0,25.
C. .
D. 0,5.
Solution.
= |(100t 0,5) - (100t + 0,5)| = . Chn C.
Cu 18: Mt sng c truyn dc theo trc Ox. Phng trnh dao ng ca phn t ti mt im trn
phng truyn sng l u = 4cos(20t ) (u tnh bng mm, t tnh bng s). Bit tc truyn sng
bng 60 cm/s. Bc sng ca sng ny l
A. 6 cm.
B. 5 cm.
C. 3 cm.
D. 9 cm.
Solution.
v 60

6 cm. Chn A.
f 10
Cu 19: Tng zn l tm o gip bo v cho ngi v sinh vt trn mt t khi b tc dng hy
dit ca
A. tia t ngoi trong nh sng Mt Tri.
B. tia n sc mu trong nh sng Mt Tri.
C. tia n sc mu tm trong nh sng Mt Tri. D. tia hng ngoi trong nh sng Mt Tri.
Solution. Chn A
Cu 20: Tia X khng c ng dng no sau y?
A. Cha bnh ung th.
B. Tm bt kh bn trong cc vt bng kim loi.
C. Chiu in, chp in.
D. Sy kh, si m.
Solution. Chn D
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PEN-C,I,M N2 (2017) Thy Ngc H - Vin Vt L & Hocmai

LUYN THI THPQG 2017

Cu 21: Khi ni v sng in t, pht biu no sau y ng?

A. Sng in t khng mang nng lng.
B. Sng in t truyn c trong chn khng.
C. Sng in t l sng dc.
D. Trong sng in t, in trng v t trng ti mi im lun bin thin iu ha lch pha
nhau 0,5.
Solution. Chn B
Cu 22: Mt con lc l xo dao ng iu ho theo phng nm ngang. Nu bin dao ng tng
gp i th tn s dao ng iu ha ca con lc
A. tng 2 ln.
B. gim 2 ln.
C. khng i.
D. tng 2 ln.
Solution.
1 k
Tn s f
khng ph thuc vo bin dao ng! Chn C.
2 m
Cu 23: Trong chn khng, nh sng nhn thy c bc sng nm trong khong t 0,38 m n 0,76
m. Cho bit: hng s Plng h = 6,625.1034 J.s, tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.108 m/s v
1eV = 1,6.1019 J. Cc phtn ca nh sng ny c nng lng nm trong khong
A. t 2,62 eV n 3,27 eV.
B. t 1,63 eV n 3,27 eV.
C. t 2,62 eV n 3,11 eV.
D. t 1,63 eV n 3,11 eV
Solution.
hc
0,36 m; 0,76 m 1,63 eV; 3, 27 eV . Chn B.

Cu 24: t in p u = U0cost (U0 khng i, thay i c) vo hai u on mch gm in

tr R, cun cm thun c t cm L v t in c in dung C mc ni tip. Hin tng cng
hng in xy ra khi
1
.
A. 2LCR 1 = 0.
B. 2LC 1 = 0.
C. R L
D. 2LC R = 0.
C
Solution.
1
Cng hng khi
. Chn B.
LC
Cu 25: Cho dng in c cng i 5 2 cos100t (i tnh bng A, t tnh bng s) chy qua mt
250
on mch ch c t in. T in c in dung
F. in p hiu dng hai u t in bng

A. 200 V.
B. 250 V.
C. 400 V.
D. 220 V.
Solution.
1
1
U I.Z C I.
5.
200 V. Chn A.
250 6
C
100.
.10

Cu 26: Trong my quang ph lng knh, lng knh c tc dng

A. tng cng chm sng.
B. giao thoa nh sng.
C. tn sc nh sng.
D. nhiu x nh sng.
Solution. Chn C
Cu 27: Mt cht im chuyn ng trn u trn ng trn tm O bn knh 10 cm vi tc gc 5
rad/s. Hnh chiu ca cht im ln trc Ox nm trong mt phng qu o c tc cc i l
A. 15 cm/s.
B. 50 cm/s.
C. 250 cm/s.
D. 25 cm/s.
Solution.
v = R = 50 cm/s. Chn B.
Cu 28: S nucln c trong ht nhn 23
11 Na l
A. 34.
B. 12.
C. 11.
D. 23.
Solution. Chn D
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PEN-C,I,M N2 (2017) Thy Ngc H - Vin Vt L & Hocmai

LUYN THI THPQG 2017

Cu 29: Mt bc x khi truyn trong chn khng c bc sng l 0,75 m, khi truyn trong thy tinh
c bc sng l . Bit chit sut ca thy tinh i vi bc x ny l 1,5. Gi tr ca l
A. 700 nm.
B. 600 nm.
C. 500 nm.
D. 650 nm.
Solution.
So vi chn khng, bc sng mi trng nh hn chit sut ln: 0,75/1,5 = 500 nm. Chn C.
Cu 30: i lng no sau y c trng cho mc bn vng ca ht nhn?
A. Nng lng ngh.
B. ht khi.
C. Nng lng lin kt.
D. Nng lng lin kt ring.
Solution. Chn D
Cu 31: Ngi ta dng ht prtn c ng nng 1,6 MeV bn vo ht nhn 73 Li ng yn, sau phn
ng thu c hai ht ging nhau c cng ng nng. Gi s phn ng khng km theo bc x . Bit
nng lng ta ra ca phn ng l 17,4 MeV. ng nng ca mi ht sinh ra bng
A. 7,9 MeV.
B. 9,5 MeV.
C. 8,7 MeV.
D. 0,8 MeV.
Solution.
W = 2KX - Kp KX = (W + Kp):2 = (17,4 + 1,6) : 2 = 9,5 MeV.
Chn B.
Cu 32: t in p u 200 2 cos100t (u tnh bng V, t tnh
bng s) vo hai u on mch AB nh hnh v. Bit cun dy l
cun cm thun, R = 20 v cng dng in hiu dng trong
on mch bng 3 A. Ti thi im t th u 200 2 V. Ti thi
1
im t +
(s) th cng dng in trong on mch bng khng v ang gim. Cng sut tiu
600
th trn on mch MB bng
A. 180 W.
B. 200 W.
C. 120 W.
D. 90 W.
Solution.
PAB = PAM + PMB PMB = UIcos(u i) I2R (*)
1

Ti t, u = U0 nn pha u l 0 Ti t +
, m i = 0 v ang gim nn pha
(s) pha ca u l
600
6

ca i l
lch pha u v i l
. T (*) PMB = 120 W. Chn C.
2
3
Cu 33: t in p u U 2 cos t (vi U v khng
i) vo hai u on mch AB nh hnh v. R l bin tr,
cun cm thun c t cm L, t in c in dung C. Bit
LC2 = 2. Gi P l cng sut tiu th ca on mch AB.
th trong h ta vung gc ROP biu din s ph
thuc ca P vo R trong trng hp K m ng vi ng
(1) v trong trng hp K ng ng vi ng (2) nh hnh
v. Gi tr ca in tr r bng
A. 180 .
B. 60 .
C. 20 .
D. 90 .
Solution.
T LC2 2 ZL 2ZC .

U 2 .R
U2
U 2 5a
P

.
Ta
c
khi
R
=
Z
th
0
C
max
R 2 ZC 2
2R 0 2ZC
3a
U2
5a =
(1) ; ZC = R0 > 20
2ZC

Khi K ng: P
T hnh v: Pmax

Ti gi tr R = 20 : P

20.U 2
3a 2
202 ZC 2

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R0
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PEN-C,I,M N2 (2017) Thy Ngc H - Vin Vt L & Hocmai

LUYN THI THPQG 2017

T (1) v (2) suy ra ZC = 60 (loi nghim nh hn 20).

Khi K m: Pm

U2 . R r

R r Z L ZC
2

U2 . R r

R r

ZC 2

U 2 .r
3a
T th ta thy khi R = 0 . th Pm 2
r ZC 2
Kt hp (2) v (3) ta c phng trnh

r 180
U 2 .r
U 2 .20
r
20

2
2

2
2
2
2
2
2
r ZC
20 ZC
r 60
20 60
r 20

Ch rng r ZL ZC 60 . Chn A.
Cu 34: Mt si dy ang c sng dng n nh. Sng truyn trn dy c tn s 10 Hz v bc sng
6 cm. Trn dy, hai phn t M v N c v tr cn bng cch nhau 8 cm, M thuc mt bng sng dao
ng iu ho vi bin 6 mm. Ly 2 = 10. Ti thi im t, phn t M ang chuyn ng vi tc
6 (cm/s) th phn t N chuyn ng vi gia tc c ln l
A. 6 3 m/s2.
Solution.

B. 6 2 m/s2.

Bin N l A N A M cos

C. 6 m/s2.

D. 3 m/s2.

2 x b
a
A
3 mm. Do , N N 0,5 (*)
aM AM

Khi |vM| = 6 cm/s |aM| = 12 3 m/s2. T (*) |aN| = 6 3 m/s2. Chn A.

Cu 35: mt cht lng c 2 ngun kt hp t ti A v B dao ng iu ho, cng pha theo phng
thng ng. Ax l na ng thng nm mt cht lng v vung gc vi AB. Trn Ax c nhng
im m cc phn t dao ng vi bin cc i, trong M l im xa A nht, N l im k
tip vi M, P l im k tip vi N v Q l im gn A nht. Bit MN = 22,25 cm; NP = 8,75 cm.
di on QA gn nht vi gi tr no sau y?
A. 1,2 cm.
B. 4,2 cm.
C. 2,1 cm.
D. 3,1 cm.
Solution.

AB2
Lun c: im X trn Ax thuc dy cc i th k th 2.XA
k .Theo bi ra:
k

AB

2

2(MA NA) 2 MN 44,5 AB (1)

AB 2
2
N k 2 : 2NA
2
2 B
2
2(MA PA) 2 MP 62 2.AB 2 (2)

AB 2
3
P k 3 : 2PA
3
3

M k 1: 2MA

M
N

Gii (1) v (2), rt ra: AB = 18 cm, = 4 cm

AB2
AB
Q gn A nht nn thuc dy k max

QA

4 2,125 . Chn C.

4

Cu 36: T khng kh, chiu chm sng hp (coi nh mt tia sng) gm hai bc x n sc mu
v mu tm ti mt nc vi gc ti 530 th xy ra hin tng phn x v khc x. Bit tia khc x
mu vung gc vi tia phn x, gc gia tia khc x mu tm v tia khc x mu l 0,50. Chit
sut ca nc i vi tia sng mu tm l
A. 1,343.
B. 1,312.
C. 1,327.
D. 1,333.
Solution.
rt = 900 530 0,50 = 36,50, m sini = nt.sinrt nt 1,343. Chn A.
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1
2

kmax
A

PEN-C,I,M N2 (2017) Thy Ngc H - Vin Vt L & Hocmai

LUYN THI THPQG 2017

Cu 37: Mt thu knh hi t c tiu c 15 cm. M l mt im nm trn trc chnh ca thu knh, P l
mt cht im dao ng iu ha quanh v tr cn bng trng vi M. Gi P l nh ca P qua thu
knh. Khi P dao ng theo phng vung gc vi trc chnh, bin 5 cm th P l nh o dao ng
vi bin 10 cm. Nu P dao ng dc theo trc chnh vi tn s 5 Hz, bin 2,5 cm th P c tc
trung bnh trong khong thi gian 0,2 s bng
A. 1,5 m/s.
B. 1,25 m/s.
C. 2,25 m/s.
D. 1,0 m/s.
Solution.
Khi P dao ng vung gc vi trc chnh, nh ca P (v M) qua thu knh l nh o, phng
f
i dng k = 2 =
d 7,5 cm M cch thu knh 7,5 cm.
f d
Khi P dao ng dc theo trc chnh vi bin 2,5 cm:
df
5.15
7,5 cm .
P bin phi M th d1 = 5 cm d1 1
d1 f 5 15
df
10.15
30 cm .
P bin tri M th d2 = 10 cm d1 1
d1 f 10 15
di qu o ca nh P l L = 30 7,5 = 22,5 (cm); f = 5 Hz T = 0,2 s.
2L
Tc trung bnh ca nh P trong khong thi gian 0,2 s l vTB
2, 25 m/s . Chn C.
T
Cu 38: Cho 4 im O, M, N v P nm trong mt mi trng truyn m. Trong , M v N nm trn
na ng thng xut pht t O, tam gic MNP l tam gic u. Ti O, t mt ngun m im c
cng sut khng i, pht m ng hng ra mi trng. Coi mi trng khng hp th m. Bit mc
cng m ti M v N ln lt l 50 dB v 40 dB. Mc cng m ti P l
A. 43,6 dB.
B. 38,8 dB.
C. 35,8 dB.
D. 41,1 dB.
Solution.
L(B)

P
S dng gn: r 10 2

OM ON

Ta c: OP OI PI
2

10

LP
2

10

102,5

4
2

3 ON OM

3 102 102,5

I
N
M
4
4
LP = 41,1 dB. Chn D.
Cu 39: t in p u U0 cos t (vi U0 v khng i) vo hai u on mch mc ni tip gm:
in tr, cun cm thun v t in c in dung C thay i c. Khi C = C0 th in p hiu dng
gia hai bn t in t gi tr cc i v cng sut ca on mch bng 50% cng sut ca on mch
khi c cng hng. Khi C = C1 th in p gia hai bn t in c gi tr hiu dng l U1 v tr pha 1
so vi in p hai u on mch. Khi C = C2 th in p gia hai bn t in c gi tr hiu dng l U2

v tr pha 2 so vi in p hai u on mch. Bit: U2 = U1; 2 1 . Gi tr 1 bng

3

A. .
B.
C. .
D. .
.
4
12
9
6
Solution.
Khi C = C0 in p hiu dng trn C cc i, do :
U2
U2
U2
R 2 Z 2L

50%P

R Z L . Chn lun R = ZL = 1!
Z C0
P
max
2
2R
R3
ZL
R2 Z L Z C0
R 2
ZL

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PEN-C,I,M N2 (2017) Thy Ngc H - Vin Vt L & Hocmai

LUYN THI THPQG 2017

U0 . iZC
U0 . iZ C
u
Ta c nh lut m biu din dng s phc: uC .Z

R i Z L ZC 1 i 1 Z C
Z
Z C1 1 i 1 Z C 2 1 U 2 U 0 6 150

U 0 . iZ C1
0

1
1

60

C
:
U
2

1
2
1
1

Z
1

i
1

i
1

Z
C1
C2
C1

U 6

Z C1 3 3
U1 0
C : U 2 600 U 0 . iZ C 2

2 . Chn B.

1
2 2
1 i 1 Z C 2
0

3
C 2
1 15

Cch khc:
P Pmax .cos 2 0 cos0

P
2

0 450 .
Pmax
2

1 2
, kt hp vi 2 1 600 1 150
2
Cu 40: Trong th nghim Y-ng v giao thoa vi nh sng n sc, khong cch hai khe khng i.
Khi khong cch t mt phng cha hai khe ti mn quan st l D th khong vn trn mn l 1 mm.
Khi khong cch t mt phng cha hai khe ti mn quan st ln lt l (D D) v (D + D) th
khong vn trn mn tng ng l i v 2i. Khi khong cch t mt phng cha hai khe ti mn quan
st l (D + 3D) th khong vn trn mn l
A. 3 mm.
B. 3,5 mm.
C. 2 mm.
D. 2,5 mm.
D
1 mm
(*)
a
(D D)
i

a
Solution.
D 3D , th vo (*) v (**) x = 2 mm. Chn C.
(D D)
2i

a
D 3.D
x =
(**)
a
Cu 41: Mt con lc l xo treo vo mt im c nh, dao ng iu ha theo phng thng ng.

khi C = C1 v khi C = C2, c UC1 = UC2 th 0

Ti thi im l xo dn 2 cm, tc ca vt l 4 5v (cm/s); ti thi im l xo dn 4 cm, tc ca

vt l 6 2v (cm/s); ti thi im l xo dn 6 cm, tc ca vt l 3 6v (cm/s). Ly g = 9,8 m/s2.
Trong mt chu k, tc trung bnh ca vt trong khong thi gian l xo b dn c gi tr gn nht
vi gi tr no sau y?
A. 1,26 m/s.
B. 1,43 m/s.
C. 1,21 m/s.
D. 1,52 m/s.
Solution. Lun c: x 2

4 5v

v2
v 2 2
2
2

A2 , trong li |x| = | dn l xo |.
2

0,014 m T = 2
=
(s)

0,02

g
35

9,8

2

1609

6 2v
cm.
2
A =
2
5
A
Chn B.
0,04
9,8

2(A )
1, 43 m/s.
2
v tb(dn)

3
6v

2
arcsin
A2
0,06
T
A T
9,8
2.

2
2
2

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LUYN THI THPQG 2017

PEN-C,I,M N2 (2017) Thy Ngc H - Vin Vt L & Hocmai

Cu 42: Theo mu nguyn t Bo v nguyn t hir, coi lectron chuyn ng trn u quanh ht
nhn di tc dng ca lc tnh in gia lectron v ht nhn. Gi vL v vN ln lt l tc ca
lectron khi n chuyn ng trn qu o L v N. T s
A. 2.
Solution.
vL

vN

B. 0,25.

vL
bng
vN

C. 4.

D. 0,5.

rN
16.r0

2. Chn A.
rL
4.r0

Cu 43: Gi s mt ngi sao, sau khi chuyn ha ton b ht nhn hir thnh ht nhn 42 He th
ngi sao lc ny ch c 42 He vi khi lng 4,6.1032 kg. Tip theo , 42 He chuyn ha thnh ht nhn
12
6

C thng qua qu trnh tng hp 42 He 42 He 42 He 126 C 7,27 MeV. Coi ton b nng lng ta ra

t qu trnh tng hp ny u c pht ra vi cng sut trung bnh l 5,3.1030 W. Cho bit: 1 nm
bng 365,25 ngy, khi lng mol ca 42 He l 4g/mol, s A-v-ga-r NA = 6,02.1023 mol-1, 1 eV =
1,6.10-19 J. Thi gian chuyn ha ht 42 He ngi sao ny thnh 126 C vo khong
A. 481,5 triu nm.
Solution.

B. 481,5 nghn nm.

S ht He trc khi chuyn ha: NHe

C. 160,5 nghn nm.

D. 160,5 triu nm.

m
.NA
M

Mi phn ng cn 3 ht He s phn ng cn chuyn ha: N P

N He
3

Nng lng ta ra khi chuyn ha ht l Q N P .7,27 (MeV)

Thi gian chuyn ha l:
4,6.1032.103
6,02.1023.7,27.1,6.1013
Q
3.4
t
5,065.1015 (s) 160,5 triu nm. Chn D.
30
P
5,3.10

Cu 44: T mt trm in, in nng c truyn ti n ni tiu th bng ng dy ti in mt

pha. Bit cng sut truyn n ni tiu th lun khng i, in p v cng dng in lun cng
pha. Ban u, nu trm in cha s dng my bin p th in p hiu dng trm in bng
1,2375 ln in p hiu dng ni tiu th. cng sut hao ph trn ng dy truyn ti gim 100
ln so vi lc ban u th trm in cn s dng my bin p c t l s vng dy ca cun th cp
vi cun s cp l
A. 8,1.
B. 6,5.
C. 7,6.
D. 10.
Solution.
19U
U = 1,2375Utiu th IR = 0,2375Utiu th =
99
I
Cng sut hao ph gim 100 ln, do : I ' .
10
Cng sut ni tiu th khng i, do :

UI I 2 R U '.

I I2 R
U ' IR
19U U ' 19U

U IR

U ' 8,1U .
10 100
10 100
99 10 9900

Chn A
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PEN-C,I,M N2 (2017) Thy Ngc H - Vin Vt L & Hocmai

LUYN THI THPQG 2017

Cu 45: Cho hai vt dao ng iu ha dc theo hai ng thng

cng song song vi trc Ox. V tr cn bng ca mi vt nm trn
ng thng vung gc vi trc Ox ti O. Trong h trc vung gc
xOv, ng (1) l th biu din mi quan h gia vn tc v li
ca vt 1, ng (2) l th biu din mi quan h gia vn tc v li
ca vt 2 (hnh v). Bit cc lc ko v cc i tc dng ln hai
vt trong qu trnh dao ng l bng nhau. T s gia khi lng ca
vt 2 vi khi lng ca vt 1 l
1
1
.
A. .
B. 3.
C. 27.
D.
3
27
Solution.
m 2 12 A1
2
2

Lc ko v cc i bng nhau, do : m11 A1 m 2 2 A 2

m1 22 A 2

A1 1
v
A

m1
v 1max 3 1 1 3 1 9 . Do :
27 . Chn C
A2 3
v 2 max
2 A2
2
m2
Cu 46: Trong th nghim Y-ng v giao thoa nh sng, khong cch gia hai khe l 0,5 mm, khong
cch t mt phng cha hai khe n mn quan st l 2 m. Ngun sng pht ra v s nh sng n sc
c bc sng bin thin lin tc t 380 nm n 750 nm. Trn mn, khong cch gn nht t vn sng
trung tm n v tr m c hai bc x cho vn sng l
A. 9,12 mm.
B. 4,56 mm.
C. 6,08 mm.
D. 3,04 mm.
Solution.
Quang ph cha cc vn sng bc mt nm trong khong: 1,52 mm 3 mm
Quang ph cha cc vn sng bc hai nm trong khong: 3,04 mm 6 mm
Quang ph cha cc vn sng bc ba nm trong khong: 4,56 mm 9 mm
D thy v tr u tin c 2 bc x cho vn sng cch vn trung tm 4,56 mm! Chn B
Cu 47: Trong th nghim Y-ng v giao thoa nh sng, ngun S pht ra ng thi ba bc x n sc
c bc sng ln lt l: 0,4 m; 0,5 m v 0,6 m. Trn mn, trong khong gia hai vn sng lin
tip cng mu vi vn sng trung tm, s v tr m ch c mt bc x cho vn sng l
A. 27.
B. 34.
C. 14.
D. 20.
Solution.
Vn trng (3) gn trung tm: k1 : k2 : k3 = 15 : 12 : 10.
Nu khng c s trng nhau (2) th gia vn hai vn trng (3) c 14 + 11 + 9 = 34 vn sng!
Tuy nhin:
k1 5 10 k1 3 6 9 12 k 2 6

;

;
k 2 4 8 k3 2 4 6 8 k3 5
Vy nn s v tr cho vn sng n sc ch l: 34 14 = 20! Chn D
Cu 48: Hai con lc l xo ging ht nhau t trn cng mt phng nm ngang. Con lc th nht v
con lc th hai dao ng iu ha cng pha vi bin ln lt l 3A v A. Chn mc th nng ca
mi con lc ti v tr cn bng ca n. Khi ng nng ca con lc th nht l 0,72 J th th nng ca
con lc th hai l 0,24 J. Khi th nng ca con lc th nht l 0,09 J th ng nng ca con lc th hai
l
A. 0,31 J.
B. 0,01 J.
C. 0,08 J.
D. 0,32 J.
Solution.
x
A
W
Hai dao ng cng pha do : 1 1 3 th nng ti thi im no : t1 9
x2 A2
Wt2
Thi im trc: Wt2 = 0,24J Wt1 = 2,16J c nng con lc mt: W1 = W1 + Wt1 = 2,88J.
c nng con lc hai: W2 = W1/9 = 0,32J (do c nng t l vi bnh phng bin )
Thi im sau: Wt1 = 0,09J Wt2 = 0,01J ng nng con lc hai: W2 = 0,32 0,01 = 0,31J.
Chn A.
Nhn th d thy:

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PEN-C,I,M N2 (2017) Thy Ngc H - Vin Vt L & Hocmai

LUYN THI THPQG 2017

Cu 49: Hai my pht in xoay chiu mt pha ang hot ng bnh thng v to ra hai sut in
ng c cng tn s f. Rto ca my th nht c p1 cp cc v quay vi tc n1 = 1800 vng/pht.
Rto ca my th hai c p2 = 4 cp cc v quay vi tc n2. Bit n2 c gi tr trong khong t 12
vng/giy n 18 vng/giy. Gi tr ca f l
A. 54 Hz.
B. 60 Hz.
C. 48 Hz.
D. 50 Hz.
Solution.
f = n1p1 = n2p2 = 30p1 = 4n2 n2 = 7,5p1
M: 12 < n2 =7,5p1 < 18 1,6 < p1 < 2,4 p1 = 2 f = 60 Hz. Chn B
Cu 50: Mt cht im dao ng iu ha c vn tc cc i 60 cm/s v gia tc cc i l 2 (m/s2).
Chn mc th nng ti v tr cn bng. Thi im ban u (t = 0), cht im c vn tc 30 cm/s v th
nng ang tng. Cht im c gia tc bng (m/s2) ln u tin thi im
A. 0,35 s.
B. 0,15 s.
C. 0,10 s.
D. 0,25 s.
Solution.
10
vmax = A = 60 cm/s; amax = 2A = 200 cm/s2 =
T 0,6 s.
3
A 3
A 3
A 3
v
() hoc x
() , th nng tng x
() ,
t = 0: v = 30cm/s = max > 0 x
2
2
2
2
a
A
khi vt c: a = (m/s2) = max x . Theo trc phn b thi gian:
2
2
A 3
A
A

T T
Vy thi im cn tm l:
0,25 s.
12 3
Chn D.

T
3

T
12

---------- HT ----------

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