Thnh vin:

1. Nguyn Thnh Lun

2. Thn Hng Anh
3. Hong Hunh c
4. Phan Vn Linh
5. Trng Hi

Mc Lc
Chng 1: C s l thuyt............................................................................................. 3
1.1

Mc ch ca ti......................................................................................... 3

1.2

Phng php o lu lng................................................................................ 3

1.2.1

Khi qut............................................................................................... 3

1.2.2

Phng php o lu lng..........................................................................3

1.3

Tm hiu v PLC- S7-200................................................................................. 9

1.3.1

Khi qut v PLC..................................................................................... 9

1.3.2

Gii thiu v cc module m rng..............................................................13

Chng 2: Thit k h thng........................................................................................ 18

2.1 La chn thit b v gii hn tham s.....................................................................20
2.1.1 Cm bin lu lng k in t ADMAG AE.......................................................20
2.1.2 Bin tn.................................................................................................... 22
2.2 S khi- S u dy................................................................................... 26
2.2.2 S khi ca h thng................................................................................ 26
2.2.2 S u dy ca h thng............................................................................ 27
2.3 Xy dng thut ton........................................................................................... 28
2.3.1 Lp bng a ch.......................................................................................... 28
2.3.2 Lp lu thut ton.................................................................................... 28
2.3.3 Chng trnh iu khin................................................................................ 30
Chng 3: Kt qu ti............................................................................................. 33
3.1 Kt qu l thuyt............................................................................................... 33
3.2 Kt qu thc nghim- hn ch v gii php khc phc.................................................36
Kt Lun................................................................................................................. 42

Chng 1: C s l thuyt
1.1 Mc ch ca ti
Mc ch ca ti l: o, iu khin v cnh bo lu lng trn ng ng
mt ngng t trc thng qua s iu khin ca PLC i vi bin tn. H thng
bm da trn tn hiu cm bin lu lng trong ng ng a v.
1.2 Phng php o lu lng
1.2.1 Khi qut
Lu lng cht lu l lng cht lu chy qua tit din ngang ca ng trong
mt n v thi gian. Ty theo n v tnh lng cht lu (theo th tch hoc theo khi
lng) ngi ta phn bit:
Lu lng th tch Q tnh bng m3/s, m3/gi,.
Lu lng G tnh bng kg/s, kg/gi,
Lu lng trung bnh trong khong thi gian t= t2- t1 xc nh bi biu thc:
Qtb=

V
t

hoc Gtb=

m
t

Trong : V, m: th tch v khi lng cht lu chy qua ng trong thi gian kho
st.
Lu lng nc tc thi c tnh theo cng thc:
dV

Q= dt

hoc G=

dm
dt

o lu lng ngi ta dng cc lu lng k, ty thuc vo tnh cht lu v yu

cu cng ngh m ngi ta s dng cc lu lng k khc nhau. Nguyn l hot ng
ca cc lu lng k da trn c s:
trc tip th tch cht lu chy qua cng t trong mt khong thi gian xc
nh t
o vn tc cht lu chy qua cng t khi lu lng l hm ca vn tc
o gim p qua tit din thu hp trn dng chy, lu lng l hm ph
thuc vo gim p
Tn hiu o bin i trc tip thnh tn hiu in nh b chuyn i in thch hp.
1.2.2
1.
2.
3.
4.

Phng php o lu lng

o lu lng theo nguyn l chnh p (Differential Pressure)
o lu lng theo nguyn l Vortex
o lu lng theo nguyn l t tnh
o lu lng theo nguyn l chim ch ( Positive Displacement Sensor)\
3

5. o lu lng theo nguyn l Turbine

6. o lu lng theo nguyn l gia nhit
7. o lu lng theo nguyn l Coriolis
1.2.3 Cc cm bin o lu lng
1) Cng t th tch
Cng t th tch o th tch cht lu chy qua cng tc t bng cch m trc tip
lng th tch i qua bung cha c th tch xc nh ca cng tc t.

Hnh 1.1: S nguyn l ca cng c th tch

Cng t gm hai bnh rng hnh ovan 1 v 2 truyn ng n khp nhau. Di
tc ng ca dng cht lng, bnh rng 2 quay v truyn ng ti bnh rng 1 cho n
lc bnh rng 2 v tr thng ng, bnh rng 1 nm ngang. Cht lng th tch V1
c y sang ca ra v sau bnh rng 1 quay, qu trnh tng t lp li, th tch
cht lng trong bung V2 c y sang ca ra. Trong mt vng quay ca cng t th
tch cht lng qua cng t bng 2 ln V1+ V2. Trc ca mt trong 2 bnh rng lien kt
vi c cu m t ngoi cng t.
m s vng quay v chuyn thnh tn hiu in, ngi ta dung 1 trong 3 cch sau:
-

Dng mt nam chm nh gn trn trc quay ca cng t. Khi nam chm i qua
mt cun dy t c nh s to ra xung in. m s xung in theo thi gian
s tnh c tc quay ca trc cng t.
Dng tc k quang
Dng mch o thch hp o tn s hoc in p

Gii hn cng t loi ny t 0,01- 250 m3/h, sai s t 0,5- 1%, tn tht p sut nh
nhng cht lng phi c lc tt v khng gy n khi o.

2) Cng t tc
Cng t tuabin hng trc nh trn hnh di y:

Hnh 1.2: Cng t tc tuabin hng trc

1: B chnh dng chy 2: Tuabin hng trc
3: B truyn bnh rng- trc vt 4: Thit b m
B chnh dng chy san phng dng chy ri v loi b xoy
Tc quay ca cng t t l vi tc dng chy:
N= k.W
Trong :
k: H s t l ph thuc vo cu to ca cng t
W: Tc dng chy
Lu lng th tch cht lu chy qua cng t:
Q= W.F=
Vi:
5

F
k .n

 F: Tit din dng chy

n: Tc quay ca tuabin
Nu dung c cu m m tng s vng quay ca cng t trong 1 khong thi
gian s nhn c th tch ong chy qua cng t.
Cng t tuabin hng trc vi ng knh tuabion t 50-300 mm c phm vi o t
50- 300 m3/h, cp chnh xc 1; 1,5
3) Lu lng k in t
Nguyn l hot ng ca lu lng k in t da trn hin tng cm bin in
t
Khi c cht lu dn in chy qua ng, trong cht lu xut hin mt sc in ng
cm ng:
E= B.W.D=

4. B
. D .Q

Trong :

B: Cng t trng
W: Tc trung bnh ca dng chy
D: ng knh trong ca ng
Q: Lu lng th tch cht lu

Khi B= h/s th E t l vi Q
c im:
-

o lu lng cht lng dn in khng nh hn 10-5- 10-6 simen/m

o lu lng khng cn o t trng ca cht lng, cc phn t bt kh, ht nu
khng lm nh hng n dn in th cng khng nh hng n kt qu
o
Vi ng c ng knh t 10- 1000 mm c th o lu lng t 1- 2500 m3/h
vi vn tc dng chy t 0,6- 10 m/s v chnh xc 1; 2,5

Hnh 1.3: Cu to nguyn l ca lu lng k in t

1,2: in cc 3: ng dn cht lng 4: mV 5: Nam chm

4) o lu lng bng s thay i nhit

Nguyn tc:
-

Mt u t nng lm gi tr in tr Sensor tng v mch cu l cn bng

Khi c dng chy lu cht, nhit trn Sensor s gim nn mch cu mt cn
bng
o in p ng ra s xc nh c tc ca dng chy
Q=

dV
dt

dx

= A. dt

= A.V

Trong : A: Tit din

V: Vn tc dng chy

Hnh 1.4: Cu to v nguyn l ca o lu lng bng s thay nhit

5) o lu lng da trn s chnh lch p sut
7

 ng co Venturi
Phng php o lu lng bng ng co da trn nh lut lien tc v phng
trnh nng lng ca Bernoulli
Phng trnh lin tc:
A1u1= A2u2
Phng trnh Bernoulli:
p1+ .g.h1+

u2
2 . 1 = p2+ .g.h2+

u2
2 . 2

p dng cho trng ng co venture:

p1+

2
u
2 . 1 = p2+

2
u
2 . 2

ni din tch ng b thu nh, vn tc dng chy gia tng. Vi phng trnh
nng lng ca Bernoulli, nng lng dng chy l tng nng lng p sut tnh
v ng nng l mt hng s.

p= p1- p2=

2
2
( u 2 u 1

Lu lng tnh theo th tch v khi lng c tnh theo cng thc sau:
QV= A2.u2= .A2.

2
.

p 1 p 2 = .k. p

Qm= A2.u2.= .A2. 2 . p 1 p 2 = .k p

Lu lng t l vi cn bc hai ca hiu p khi khi lng ring l hng s.
Pitot tube
Nguyn tc hot ng:
p1+

v2
2 . 1

= p2+

v2
2 . 2

trong :

p1: p sut tnh trong dng chy ca lu cht ng dn

p2: p sut dn trong pitot tube
v1: Vn tc dng chy
v2: Vn tc dng chy v tr ng
8

 : Khi lng ring ca lu cht

Lu lng c tnh theo th tch v khi lng nh sau:
Qv= A.v1= A.

2. p

Trong thc t pitot tube c th c tch hp trong cng mt khi, b phn o

tng p sut tnh v ng nng vi b phn o p sut tnh c t trong cng
mt thit b.
6) o lu lng bng phng php siu m
Sensor siu m c dng rng ri trong nhiu lnh vc cng nghip v sinh
hc o dng chy. Cc cm bin loi ny l thit b o p in pht ra cc
xung ngn ca song m xc nh tn s m thanh ca dng trong khong nghe
c.
Nguyn l hot ng da trn truyn song siu m gia 2 im. Thi gian
truyn song gia 2 im s thay i ng vi tc trung bnh ca dng chy.
Hay ni cch chnh lch v thi gian truyn xui v truyn ngc t l trc
tip vi tc dng chy.
S dng phng php siu m c u im l o c c cht lng v cht kh,
tuy nhin phng php ny b hn ch khi cht lng c ln tp cht rn v khng
o c khi c cc bt kh.
T nhng phng php o lu lng trn, ta chn phng php o lu lng
bng cm ng in t v phng php ny c nhng u im sau:
- Khong o rng v chnh xc cao
- C th o c cht lng d bn, mi trng c hi d bn cao
- Mt ct ca dng chy khng b thu hp bi cc ng blende hay ng phun
1.3 Tm hiu v PLC- S7-200
1.3.1 Khi qut v PLC
PLC l cc b iu khin logic kh trnh, ting anh l: "Programmable Logic
Controller", PLC c xp vo trong h my tnh, c s dng trong cc ng dng
cng nghip v thng mi.
PLC c bit s dng trong cc ng dng hot ng logic iu khin chui s
kin, duy tr bin s theo gi tr khng i hoc hm cho trc.
PLC c y chc nng v tnh ton nh vi x l, ngoi ra PLC c tch hp
thm mt hm chuyn dng nh b iu khin PID, dch chuyn khi d liu, khi
truyn thng,
PLC c nhng u im:

C kch thc nh, c thit k v tng bn chu c rung ng, nhit, m

v ting n, ng tin cy
R tin i vi cc ng dng iu khin cho h thng phc tp
D dng v nhanh chng thay i cu trc ca mch iu khin
PLC c chc nng kim tra li, chn on li
C th nhn i cc ng dng nhanh v t tn km

Mt PLC c bn gm:
1. B ngun: cung cp thit b v cc module m rng c kt ni vo.
2. CPU: thc hin chng trnh v d liu iu khin t ng tc v hoc qu
trnh.
3. Vng nh
4. Cc ng vo, ra: gm cc ng vo, ra s, ng vo ra tng t. cc ng dung
quan st tn hiu t bn ngoi a vo. Ng ra dung iu khin cc thit b
ngoi vi trong qu trnh.
5. Cc cng, module truyn thng: dung ni CPU vi cc thit b khc kt
ni thnh mng, x l thc hin truyn thng gia cc trm trong mng
6. Cc loi module chc nng:
Phn loi PLC
PLC c phn lm 2 loi theo phn cng:
PLC kiu hp n ( thng s dng trong cc thit b lp trnh c nh)
PLC kiu module ( gm cc module ring cho b ngun, b x l)

CPU thng c:
-

B thut ton logic

B nh
B iu khin

Cu trc bn trong ca PLC

10

Hnh 1.5: Cu trc bn trong ca PLC

Mt h thng lp trnh c bn phi gm c 2 phn:
Khi x l trung tm CPU
H thng giao tip vo ra
Trong :

Thit b u vo gm cc thit b to ra tn hiu iu khin

Input, Output cc cng ni vo ra ca PLC hay cc module m rng
C cu chp hnh gm cc thit b iu khin
Chng trnh iu khin
Khi iu khin trung tm gm 3 phn: b x l, h thng b nh v h thng
cung cp ngun

11

Hnh 1.6: S khi tng qut CPU

C nhiu loi b nh ngi dung la chn theo mc ch hay yu cu s
dng:
1. ROM: B nh ch c khng nh, dung lu tr chng trnh c nh, khng
thay i thng dung cho nh sn xut PLC
2. RAM: B nh truy xut ngu nhin dung lu d liu v chng trnh
cho ngi s dng
3. EPROM: ROM lp trnh c th xa c
4. EEPROM: electrically EPROM
PLC S7-200 CPU- 224 AC/ DC/ RELAY

Hnh 1.7: S7-200 CPU- 224

CPU c cp ngun 220V AC. Tch hp 14 ng vo s ( mc 1 l 24V DC- mc 0 l
0V DC) v 10 ng ra dng r-le
M t n bo trn S7- 200
SF (n ): bo hiu khi PLC b hng hc
12

 RUN (n xanh): bo hiu PLC ang ch lm vic thc hin chng

trnh np trong my
STOP (n vng): bo hiu PLC ch dng, khng thc hin chng
trnh hin c
Ix.x (n xanh): ch trng thi logic tc thi ca cng Ix.x
Qx.x (n xanh): ch trng thi logic tc thi ca cng Qx.x
Cch u ni ng vo ra ca PLC

Hnh 1.8: Cch u ni S7- 200 v cc module m rng

S7- 200 v cc module vo ra c ni vi nhau bng dy ni. Hai u dy ni
c bo v bn trong PLC v module. Chng ta c th k ni PLC v module st
nhau bo v hon ton dy ni. CPU- 224 cho php m rng ti a 7 module.

13

1.3.2 Gii thiu v cc module m rng

1) .Module EM223 16I/ 16Q DC/ RELAY

Hnh 1.9: Hnh nh Module EM223 16I/ 16Q DC/ RELAY

Module ny c gn thng qua cp ti CPU- 224 v s dng ngun trc tip ca
CPU
Module c 16 ng vo dng s v 16 ng ra dng r-le
a ch bt u t I2.0 cho ng vo v Q2.0 cho ng ra
2) Module EM223 4I/ 4Q DC/ RELAY

Hnh 1.10: Hnh nh Module EM223 4I/ 4Q DC/ RELAY

Module ny tch hp 4 ng vo dng s v 4 ng ra dng r-le
14

a ch bt u I0.4 ng vo v Q0.4 ng ra

3) Module analog EM235

Hnh 1.11: Hnh nh Module analog EM235

c tnh k thut.
S lng ng vo: 3
S lng ng ra : 1
Thng s ng ra:
- in p:10V, phn gii 12 bits
- Dng in: 0 20mA, phn gii 11bits
Thng s ng vo:
15

-in p ti a 30V, phn gii 12 bits

-Dng in ti a 32mA, phn gii 12bits
Gi tr s:
-32000 n 32000 : c du
0 n 32000
: khng du
Nguyn tc u vo ca MODULE ANALOG

Hnh 1.12: Nguyn tc u vo ca MODULE ANALOG

16

 Nguyn l u ra ca MODULE ANALOG:

Hnh 1.13: Nguyn l u ra ca MODULE ANALOG

nh dng d liu u vo.
D liu u vo:
i vi di tn hiu o khng i xng (0-10V, 0-20mA):
MSD
LSB
15
14
3
2
1
0
0

D liu 12 bits

Modul Analog Input ca S7-200 chuyn di tn hiu o u vo (p, dng)

thnh gi tr s t 0- 32000
i vi di tn hiu o i xng(V d 10V, 10mA):
MSB
LSB
D liu 12 bit

Modul Analog Input ca S7-200 chuyn di tn hiu o u vo p, dng thnh

gi tr s t 0 -32000/32000
Ci t tm hot ng:
17

 Ci t cc switch 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 cho php thay i gii hn o ca chuyn i.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

iu chnh li v offset
Tt ngun ca Modul, chn tm ng v thch hp.
Cp ngun cho CPU vModul. cho modul n nh trong vng 15 pht.
S dng my pht tn hiu, ngun p hoc ngun dng t tn hiu c gi tr
bng 0 ti mt trong nhng u ni ca ng vo.
c gi tr thu c cho CPU bng knh ng vo thch hp.
iu chnh OFFSET ca my o in th cho n khi bng 0, hoc gi tr d
liu dng s mong mun.
Kt ni mt gi tr ton thang ti mt trong nhng u ni ca ng vo. c d
liu thu c cho CPU.
iu chnh GAINca my o in th cho n khi bng 32000, hoc gi tr d
liu dng s mong mun.
Lp li s chnh nh OFFSET v GAIN theo yu cu.

18

Chng 2: Thit k h thng

Trong ti ng dng PLC o, iu khin v cnh bo lu lng trn ng ng,
chng em p dng ti ny vo trm cp nc ca trng i Hc Cng Nghip H
Ni.

Hnh 2.1: S khi cp nc ca ton trng HCNHN

19

Hnh 2.2: S khi h thng

Nguyn tc iu khin trong h thng
u ra ca PLC c ni vi bin tn iu khin bin tn v t y bin tn
iu khin tc ng c.
Khi s dng thit b bin tn cho php iu khin mt cch linh hot lu lng
v p lc cp vo mng li theo yu cu tiu th.
Vi tn hiu t cm bin lu lng truyn v PLC, PLC s so snh gi tr
truyn v ny vi gi tr t t ra lnh cho bin tn gip thay i tc ng
c bng cc thay i tn s dng in a vo ng c m bo lu lng
trong ng ng l lun n nh.
M t cng ngh:
Trong h thng ta s dng 1 my bm ba pha. Bin tn s iu khin trc tip
my bm ba pha.
Khi khi ng h thng nn th my bm ba pha c iu khin trc tip t
bin tn s khi ng chy cho n khi t c lu lng t. khi lu lng trn
ng ng bng lu lng t th bin tn s gi n nh tc ng c ca my
bm chnh.

20

Khi ti thay i:
TH1: Ti tng ln (lu lng trn ng ng s gim) Mun n nh lu
lng th bin tn s iu chnh my bm ba pha chy nhanh ln cho n khi
bng vi lu lng t.
TH2: Ti gim i (lu lng trn ng ng tng ln) Mun n nh lu
lng th bin tn s iu chnh tc ng c ca my bm ba pha chy chm
li cho n khi lu lng trn ng ng bng vi lu lng t.
H thng c hot ng lin tc nh vy, trnh tnh trng lu lng trn ng ng
tng ln qu cao gy v ng ng.
2.1 La chn thit b v gii hn tham s
2.1.1 Cm bin lu lng k in t ADMAG AE
Nguyn l lm vic da trn nh lut cm ng in t FARADAY
Dng mt cht lng dn in chy qua gia hai cc t ca mt nam chm v o
sc in ng sinh ra trong cht lng th c th xc nh c tc ca dng chy
hay lu lng.

Hnh 2.2: Nguyn l hot ng ca cm bin lu lng

Nhiu v chng nhiu: Khi o cc cht lng bng lu lng k in t, chnh
xc ca lu lng k c th thay i ph thuc vo dn in. Mi quan h gia
chnh xc v dn in c miu t nh hnh di y:
( dn in ca cht lng ph thuc rt nhiu vo nhit )

21

Hnh 2.3: Mi quan h gia chnh xc v dn in

Mt nguyn nhn khc cng dn n sai lch v chnh xc ca php o l nh
hng ca cc cht n mn do trong qu trnh hot ng lu ngy bm ln in cc.
Ta chn loi cm bin lu lng k in t:

Hnh 2.4: Lu lng k in t

Thng s:
Nh sn xut: Flowtech (cng ngh M, SX Chinna)
M hnh: KF700
Loi: Compact
Liu nt in: SS316L
Liu lt: cao su cloropren
Lp bo v: IP65
Nhit lm vic: 65 C
p sut lm vic: 1MPa
Ngun cung cp: DC24V
Output: 4 - 20mA + Pulse
Input: 0-600l/p
Cht lng: nc, nc thi
Cch lp t:

22

Hnh 2.5: Khong cch hp l khi t lu lng k in t

Hnh 2.6: V tr lp t hp l cho lu lng k in t

2.1.2 Bin tn
Nhng u im khi iu khin tc bm bng thit b bin tn
Hn ch c dng in khi ng cao
Tit kim nng lng
iu khin linh hot cc my bm
S dng cng ngh iu khin vecto
Ngoi ra cn cc u im khc ca thit b bin tn nh:
Dy cng sut rng t 1,1 400 Kw
T ng ngng khi t ti im ci t
23

 Tng tc nhanh gip bin tn bt kp tc hin thi ca ng c,

T ng tng tc gim tc trnh qu ti hoc qa in p khi khi ng,
Bo v c ng c khi : ngn , mch, mt pha lch pha, qu ti, qu dng,
qu nhit,
Kt ni vi my tnh chy trn h iu hnh Windows,
Kch thc nh gn khng chim din tch trong nh trm,
M men khi ng cao vi ch tit kim nng lng,
D dng lp t vn hnh,
Hin th cc thng s ca ng c v bin tn.
1) .Chn loi bin tn ca Siemens G120

Hnh 2.6: Bin tn G120 ca Siemens

Bin tn, bin tn SiemensG120 hay b bin tn Siemens dng iu khin tc
ca ng c ba pha.
B bin tn Siemens G120 l b bin tn loi mi, mnh m nht trong dng iu
khin motor AC, cng sut t 0.25 - 250kW, Bin tn G120 c ch iu khin V/f,
Vector & Torque control, tn s iu ch 4 kHz (ln n 16 kHz), iu khin hi tip
PID, Phn mm ci t thng s v chun on li.

24

Thng s k thut ca Bin tn Siemens G120

Dy cng sut bin tn
Cp in p bin tn G120
Dy cng sut bin tn
Cp in p bin tn G120
Dy cng sut bin tn
Cp in p cho bin tn
Phm vi iu chnh

0,25 kW n 250 kW (PM 240)

3 pha x 380 ... 480V (10%)
5,5 kW n 90 kW (PM 250)
3 pha x 380 ... 480V (10%)
7,5 kW n 55 kW (PM 260)
3 pha x 500 ... 690V (10%)
0 ... 650 Hz (iu khin V/f)
0 ... 200 Hz (iu khin Vector)
V/f, Vector & Torque control
4 kHz (ln n 16 kHz)

Ch iu khin
Tn s iu ch
iu khin hi tip PID
C kh nng giao din

RS485/USS, PROFIBUS DP, CANopen,

Modbus, BACnet
Giao din bn ngoi
Vi my tnh qua cng USB, BOP-2, IOP, MMC
Card, SD Card
Phn mm ci t thng s v chun on li
ng dng bin tn G120:
- H thng qut, bm, my nn
- H thng my n, my trn, my nghin, bng
ti
Bng 2.7: Thng s k thut ca bin tn G120 Siemens
2) My bm
chon 1 loi my bm ph hp cn m bo nhng iu kin sau:
1. iu quan trng ca chn my bm u tin l phi bit c cn bm bao
nhiu lng nc trong 1 gi hay 1 pht.
2. Xc nh chiu cao tnh t u bm nc n ni t bn nc, vn ny
trong ngnh my bm gi l ct p tng ng vi bao nhiu m..
3. V ng ng ht ca my bm nc cng nghip ch t khong 7m li
nu t my bm xa ngun nc qu th lm cho lng nc y ln rt yu
v lm gim tui th ca my bm. Nu mun t my bm xa ngun nc c
th chn my bm c 2 u nhng n ch l bin php tm thi bi v dng
my bm 2 u ging nh cc gia nh ang dng ch c cng sut rt nh
khong 2-3hp cn vi my bm cng nghip vi trng hp trn th nn ch
my bm th chm trong nc ..
4. Loi dung dch bm nu dung dich l nc sch th chn my bm rt d
dng, cn nu l loi nc thi th phi cung cp l nc thi g c tnh axit
hay bazo nh sn xut chn loi my bm. Trong trng hp ny th cn
lu n nhit ca dung dich v n nh hng n photod chng trn
nc...
5. Chng loi my bm mun dng chy bng g bi v my bm c th chy
bng in nhng 1 s ni khng c in ngi ta chy bng ng c xng
tohatsu, hay ng c du diesel ..
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6. Loi bm chy bng in 220V hay 380V

Ta thy trm cp nc ca trng i Hc Cng Nghip H Ni cp nc cho
cc ta nh: A1, A2, A7,A8, A9, A10,A11, K tc x. Lu lng cn bm ca trm l:
Q= 1320 m3/h. Do ta chn bm : HS 350-300- 480 2/1-F-B EBQP c cc thng s
sau:
- Lu lng Q = 1320 m3/h; Hmax = 50 m;
- S vng quay bnh xe cng tc n=1488 vng/pht;
- Hiu sut lm vic 81,4%;
- Cng sut tiu th in P2= 221KW;
- Trng lng 3680 kg;
- Chiu di ton phn ca my = 3.115mm;
- Chiu cao t chn my n ct my l 410mm; n nh my l: 1093mm;
- Chiu di ton phn ca b my l : 3200mm;
- ng knh ming ht D1= 350 mm;
- ng knh ming y D2=300 mm.

Hnh 2.8: My bm 3 pha

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3) Thit b PLC v Module m rng EM235

Ta chn PLC S7- 200 CPU-224

Hnh 2.9: S7-200 CPU-224

Thng s S7- 200 CPU- 224
Ngun cp: 220V AC hoc 24V DC.
PLC S7 200 SIEMENS CPU 224 c:
14 ng vo s 24V DC.
10 ng ra s transistor hoc relay.
B nh chng trnh: 8/12KB.
B nh d liu : 8KB.
1 PPI/FREEPORT.
PLC S7 200 SIEMENS CPU 224 c th gn thm 7 module m rng.
2.2 S khi- S u dy
2.2.2 S khi ca h thng

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Hnh 2.10: S nguyn l vn hnh ca h thng

Khi cm bin: nhn, o c, nh gi thng s ca h thng
Khi iu khin: tnh ton, x l thng tin v a ra tn hiu iu khin
Khi c cu chp hanh: thc hin cc yu cu iu khin
2.2.2 S u dy ca h thng

Hnh 2.11 : S u dy

Hnh 2.12: Bng a ch

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2.3 Xy dng thut ton

2.3.1 Lp bng a ch

Bng 2.14: Bng a ch

2.3.2 Lp lu thut ton

Hnh 2.15: Lu thut ton

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30

2.3.3 Chng trnh iu khin

2.3.3.1Xc nh mi quan h gia cc bin
Gi tr lu lng u ra max: Osh=10
Gi tr lu lng u ra min:Osl=0
Gi tr tn hiu u vo max:Ish=32768
Gi tr tn hiu u vo min:Isl=6553
Ov nm trong di t (0-10)
Iv nm trong di t (6553-32760)
Cng thc lin h:
Ov =

Osh Osl
( I I )+Osl
I sh I sl v sl

Thay vo ta c:
Ov =

100
(I 6553)+0
327686553 v

2.3.3.2Vit chng trnh iu khin trn Microwin S7-200

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32

2.3.3.3Gii thch cc khi

Stt
1
2
3
4
5

Tn khi
I_DI
SUB_DI
MUL_DI
DIV_DI
<=;>;<

Chc nng
Chuyn i tn hiu word 12bit sang s nguyn 32bit
Khi tr cc s nguyn
Khi nhn cc s nguyn
Khi chia cc s nguyn
Cc khi so snh cc s nguyn

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Chng 3: Kt qu ti
3.1 Kt qu l thuyt
Chy th nghim trn s7-200:
Bc 1: chy h thng
Nhn nt khi ng Start (I0.0) dn n (Q0.0) c in ,duy tr v cung cp ngun
cho cm bin ,bin tn,ng c v cc thit b khc.

Bc 2: X l tn hiu v cnh bo
Nu mc nc trong ng ng <=3 lt/s th cm bin lu lng tr v mc dng
in tng ng qua cc khi chc nng tho mn iu kin 1 th n cnh bo mc
thp bt(Q0.5=1-n FLA sng).

34

Nu mc nc trong ng <=8 lt/s th bin tn iu khin tng tc ng c(Q0.3=1)

Nu mc nc trong ng >9 lt/s th bin tn iu khin ng c gim tc(Q0.4=1)
v n cnh bo mc cao sng(Q0.6=1-n FHA sng)

35

Bc 3: Dng
Nhn nt n Stop(I0.1) Q0.0 mt in h thng dng

36

3.2 Kt qu thc nghim- hn ch v gii php khc phc

Do trong qu trinh lm bi chng em cha c c hi i kho st nh my nc
thc t,phn ln kin thc c tm hiu trn mng v vn kin thc c hc
nn bi lm cn kh nhiu thiu st .
Cc thiu st tn ti:
H thng c ngh nghi khi v ch khi c ngi vn hnh dng h
thng (tnh t ng ho cha cao)
Cha lp c vng lp, cnh bo v reset khi c li PLC
chnh xc cha cao nhng i vi h thng bm nc sai s ny vn
c chp nhn
3.3M rng v nng cao h thng
Trong phn ny chng em ch gii hn trong vic nng cp tnh t ng trong
vic vn hnh h thng . l vic cho h thng lm vic v ng trong mt khong
thi gian nht nh.
y chng ta s cho h thng chy vi 2 my bm lun phin trong 12 ting
khi my bm 1 chy th my bm 2 dng v ngc li. Qu trnh ny c tun
hon cho n khi ngi vn hnh nhn nt tt Stop.

37

38

39

40

41

Bng a ch
42

43

Kt Lun
Sau hn mt thng tm ti v nghin cu chng em thit k c h thng
bm nc v o lu lng nc trn ng ng cho trng HCN H ni bng
PLC kt hp vi bin tn,cm bin .my bm v cc thit b ngoi vi khc.
Mc d bi lm cn nhiu thiu st nhng chung em trin khai v gii
quyt c cc vn quan trng ca ti.Thc hin c m phng v m phng
cho kt qu rt chnh xc.
Qua ti chng em cng rt ra c nhiu kin thc b ch v lp trnh,kt
ni PLC-bin tn,PLC-cm bin,vit c trng trnh lp trnh cho PLC v nhiu
kin thc khc.N gip ch rt nhiu cho vic hc tp v cng vic ca chng em sau
ny.
Trong qu trnh thc hin chng em c s tr gip rt tn tnh ca thy v
cc c tiu biu l s gip ch bo ca c Nguyn Th Thu H l gio vin b
mn iu khin lp trnh PLC.Chng em xin chn thnh cm n s gip chn
thnh v nhit tnh ca qu thy,c.
H Ni ngy 05/06/2015
Nhm thc hin
Nhm 3

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