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Phn A: Khoa hc T nhin, Cng ngh v Mi trng: 25 (2013): 94-102

NGHIN CU XY DNG H THNG E-LEARNING

H TR TRONG O TO THEO HC CH TN CH
Nguyn Vn Linh, Phan Phng Lan, Trn Minh Tn, Phan Huy Cng, V Hunh Trm v
Trn Ngn Bnh1
1

Khoa Cng ngh Thng tin v Truyn thng, Trng i hc Cn Th

Thng tin chung:

Ngy nhn: 09/11/2012
Ngy chp nhn: 25/03/2013
Title:
Building an E-learning system
for supporting training under
the credit system
T kha:
E-learning, h thng qun l
o to, Moodle, chun
SCORM
Keywords:
E-learning, Learning
Management System (LMS),
Moodle, Sharable Content
Object Reference Model
(SCORM)

ASTRACT
E-learning is considered one of the information technology (IT) solutions in
education. This paper presents the results of building an e-learning system
for supporting training under the credit system at College of Information
and Communication Technology, Can Tho University. These results
include: selecting the suitable solution for building an e-learning system;
researching and choosing the standard and the learning management
system (LMS); building some supplemental tools, especially tools integrated
into LMS Moodle; suggesting the structure of knowledge matrix for
organizing the question bank and structure of electronic lessons compliant
SCORM standard; and deploying the system in the practice.

TM TT
E-learning l mt trong cc gii php ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong
gio dc. Bi bo ny trnh by kt qu nghin cu xy dng h thng Elearning h tr trong o to theo hc ch tn ch ti Khoa Cng ngh
Thng tin v Truyn thng thuc i hc Cn Th. Nhng kt qu nghin
cu gm: chn gii php xy dng mt h thng E-learning; nghin cu
la chn chun v h qun l o to nn cho E-learning; xy dng mt s
cng c h tr, c bit l cc cng c tch hp vo h nn cho E-learning;
xut cu trc bi ging in t v ma trn kin thc p ng yu cu;
trin khai h thng trong thc tin.

ni v ch ng trong vic lp k hoch hc

tp; Cho php ging vin cp nht ni dung o
to mt cch thng xuyn v c th nm bt
mc thu nhn kin thc ca ngi hc thng
qua h thng t nh gi; Cho php ngi qun
l thc hin cng tc qun l mt cch t ng.
Bn cnh nhng u im, E-learning cng c
mt s cc nhc im nh: Cn c c s h
tng CNTT (my tnh, ng truyn vin
thng,) kh tt; Cc i tng (hc vin,
ging vin) tham gia phi quen vi vic ng

1 T VN
Vit Nam, trong gio dc, c bit l gio
dc bc i hc v sau i hc, nu mun rt
ngn khong cch v cht lng o to vi cc
nc tin tin trn th gii th vic ng dng
cng ngh thng tin (CNTT) l rt cn thit. Elearning (Electronic Learning) l mt trong cc
gii php ng dng CNTT trong gio dc.
E-learning da vo Internet c cc u im
nh: Cho php hc vin c th hc mi lc, mi
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ch. i tng m h thng phc v l ging

vin, sinh vin bc i hc v sau i hc ca
Khoa CNTT&TT. Tuy nhin, h thng khng
hn ch cc ging vin, sinh vin thuc cc
khoa khc, trng khc c mong mun c
tham gia.
Vic ng dng E-learning trong dy v hc
ti Khoa CNTT&TT s gp phn i mi
phng php ging dy, phng php hc tp
v phng php nh gi trong o to theo hc
ch tn ch.
3 PHNG PHP NGHIN CU
Do y l mt ti ng dng nn nhm
nghin cu khng tp trung vo cc l thuyt
khoa hc chuyn su m c gng to ra mt h
thng E-learning v p dng vo trong thc tin
o to.
Nhm nghin cu thc hin:
Thu thp, phn tch v chn ra mt gii
php xy dng h thng E-learning ph hp.
Thu thp v phn tch cc ti liu tham
kho t cc t chc chuyn nghin cu v Elearning xut chun v h qun l o to
nn (LMS) ph hp cho E-learning.
Nghin cu n cc cp nhn thc ca
Benjamin S. Bloom v vn dng vo vic xy
dng cu trc bi ging in t theo chun
c la chn, xut ma trn kin thc
p ng yu cu cho vic xy dng ngn hng
cu hi.
Nghin cu v xy dng cc cng c b
sung, c bit l cc cng c h tr cho h nn
chn.
Trin khai h thng qua cc hot ng: t
chc xy dng ni dung s gm cc bi ging,
ngn hng cu hi; t chc tp hun cho ging
vin, sinh vin s dng h thng; a h thng
vn hnh thc t.

dng cng ngh mi; Ni dung o to phi

c chuyn i t hnh thc truyn thng sang
mt hnh thc mi ph hp vi h thng. V
vy, cng vic ny i hi mt nhiu thi
gian u t ca cc nh s phm v cc cn b
k thut.
T nm 2007, trng i hc Cn Th
(HCT) chuyn sang o to theo hc ch
tn ch. Mt trong nhng kh khn ca hnh
thc ny l vic t hc ca sinh vin. Vi mi
gi ln lp ca ging vin, sinh vin phi t hc
2 gi. Vic sinh vin quen tm l hc th
ng t ph thng, thiu k nng tm v s
dng ti liu tham kho c nh hng v thiu
s t vn ca ging vin (ngoi gi hc theo
thi kha biu) dn n cc em c thi ,
phng php v kt qu hc tp cha tt, c
bit l sinh vin nm th nht. Mt kh khn
khc ca hnh thc o to theo hc ch tn ch
l vic ging vin thc hin nh gi hc phn.
Theo quy ch, im hc phn c tnh t mt
phn hoc tt c cc im nh gi b phn.
Thc t, khu t chc v thc hin nh gi b
phn do mt mnh ging vin m trch thng
gp nhiu kh khn, nht l vi nhng lp hc
phn c s s kh ln. Chnh iu ny dn n
kt qu nh gi c th khng khch quan,
khng c cht lng mc d ging vin u t
rt nhiu thi gian v cng sc cho cng vic
ny. Ngoi ra, nh trng cng tn mt khon
chi ph khng nh cho vic cung cp giy lm
bi v photo cc thi.
gp phn gii quyt nhng kh khn
trn, E-learning c xem l mt gii php h
tr ph hp. Vi nhng u im m E-learning
mang li cng vi tim lc sn c nh c s h
tng CNTT kh tt, i ng ging vin v sinh
vin quen ng dng CNTT, Khoa Cng ngh
Thng tin v Truyn thng (CNTT&TT) thuc
i hc Cn Th c kh nhiu thun li trong
vic nghin cu v trin khai E-learning nhm
h tr o to theo hc ch tn ch.

4 KT QU
4.1 Chn gii php xy dng h thng
E-learning
Cc gii php xy dng h thng E-learning
ti Vit Nam c th c nhm li theo ba
dng sau:

2 MC TIU
Nhm nghin cu hng ti xy dng thnh
cng mt h thng E-learning chun mc, bao
gm h thng qun l o to v cc ni dung
s phc v cng tc o to theo hc ch tn

Xy dng h thng bng cch kt hp

gia cng ty trong nc vi i tc nc ngoi.
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E-learning gm IMS ca International Model

System Global Consortium, AICC ca Aviation
Industry CBT Committee, IEEE ca Institute of
Electrical and Electronic Engineers v SCORM
(Sharable Content Object Reference Model)
ca Advanced Distributed Learning. Chun
SCORM c nh gi cao hn c v n
tch hp v iu chnh cc chun ca IMS,
AICC v IEEE.
Cc h qun l o to u c chung kin
trc v m vi hai thnh phn chnh:
Qun l cc hot ng o to lin quan
n gio vin, hc vin, cc k hoch hc tp,
cc cng c tho lun, hc trc tuyn, t chc
thi trc tuyn, th t.
Qun l ni dung o to. l mt h
thng thng tin v bi ging, thi, ti liu
tham kho, cc thng tin lin quan n bi hc
v ti liu hc tp. H cng cung cp cc cng
c son tho bi ging v thi.
Theo thng k t chng trnh Edutool,
http://www.edutool.org, cc LMS nh Moodle,
ILIAS, Atutor, Claroline c s dng rng ri
hn c trong rt nhiu cc LMS m ngun m.
Graf, S. & List, B. thc hin nh gi cc
LMS theo tm nhm tiu ch: cng c giao tip,
cc i tng hc, qun l d liu ngi s
dng, tnh tin li, tnh thch ng, cc yu t k
thut, s qun tr v qun l course. Bng
phng php lng ha cc tiu ch con trong
tng nhm tiu ch theo cc mc t khng c
hoc c rt hn ch n rt tt, kt qu nh gi
chung cho thy Moodle l LMS vt tri hn
c. Trong khi Graf, S. & List, B. ch yu nh
gi cc LMS da trn cc tiu ch chc nng th
Van den Berg, K. khng nhng nh gi cc
LMS da trn tiu ch chc nng m cn nh
gi chng da trn cc tiu ch lin quan n s
n nh, hot ng pht trin, ngun ti nguyn
v ng lc pht trin LMS. Cc tiu ch c th
c s dng gm: tnh cng ng, hot ng
pht hnh, tui th ca LMS, chc nng, ti liu
dnh cho ngi pht trin v ngi s dng,
tnh bo mt, tnh tng tc, bn quyn, mc
tiu ca d n c ph hp v s h tr. Kt qu
cui cng, Moodle p ng c nhiu yu cu
ca mt d n m ngun m tt nht. Trong
mt nghin cu khc, nhm tc gi ca The

gii php dng ny, ton b h thng Elearning u do pha i tc cung cp. Trong
mt s trng hp, cng ty trong nc s dng
ni dung s (phn quan trng nht ca h
thng) do i tc cung cp v a chng ln
mt LMS m ngun m. Nhn chung, gii php
ny ph hp vi nhng cng ty kinh doanh Vit
Nam lm chi nhnh cho cc t chc o to
nc ngoi v thc hin o to cc kha hc
ngn hn.
T xy dng ton b h thng. y l
mt gii php rt tn km c v mt thi gian,
tin bc cng nh cng sc. N ph hp vi
nhng cng ty hoc cc t chc o to ln vi
kh nng mnh v ti chnh cng nh nhn lc
pht trin phn mm.
Xy dng h thng da trn h qun l
o to ngun m. Gii php dng ny khng
nhng gip cc n v trin khai kh hiu qu
v ph hp vi yu cu thc tin m vn c th
pht trin, nng cp h thng.
Vi cc ngun lc ca Khoa CNTT&TT
(nhn lc, vt lc v ti lc), chng ti ngh
xy dng h thng E-learning theo gii php
th ba.
4.2 Nghin cu chn chun v h qun l
o to nn cho E-learning
Trong rt nhiu chun v nhiu h qun l
o to m ngun m nh hin nay, vic chn
c mt chun v mt h qun l o to ph
hp trc khi xy dng h thng E-learning
theo gii php th ba l mt trong nhng cng
vic phi c thc hin sm nht. Nhm
nghin cu khng xy dng b tiu ch nh
gi m da vo kt qu nh gi ca cc t
chc trn th gii la chn chun v h nn
cho ng dng ca mnh.
Chun trong E-learning cung cp mt cch
thc chun cu trc v trao i ni dung hc,
cho php cc ti nguyn hc c m t theo
mt cch chung gip tm kim mt cch thun
tin t phc v cho vic chia s v ti s
dng, cung cp mt cch thc chun cc ni
dung hc c th tng tc c vi nhiu h
qun l o to bt chp cc cng c c s
dng to ra chng. Cc chun ph bin trong
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cu quan tm n cc cp nhn thc ca

Bloom Benjamin S. (1913-1999). Nhm s
dng cc cp nhn thc t mc tiu hc
tp v chun v kin thc, k nng kim tra,
nh gi. Su cp nhn thc t thp n cao
gm: bit, hiu, vn dng, phn tch, tng hp
v nh gi.

Open Polytechnic of New Zealand thc hin

nh gi cc LMS ang c s dng ph bin
gm Moodle, ILIAS v ATutor da trn cc
tiu ch: kin trc tng quan v s thc thi, tnh
tin li, tnh tng tc, tnh quc t ha, chi ph
s hu, sc mnh cng ng, bn quyn v tnh
phc tp ca ti liu hng dn. Tt c cc tiu
ch c nh gi theo mc (yu, trung bnh,
kh, tt). Kt qu nh gi chung, Moodle c
xem l LMS c li th hn c.
T kt qu phn tch cc ti liu, nhm
xut s dng chun SCORM v h thng qun
l o to m ngun m Moodle.
4.3 xut cu trc bi ging in t v ma
trn kin thc p ng yu cu
4.3.1 Cu trc bi ging in t
c c s khoa hc s phm cho vic xy
dng cu trc bi ging in t, nhm nghin

Mt hc phn c th c chia thnh nhiu

bi ging. Mi bi ging l mt chng hoc l
mt phn ni dung c th hc trong 2 n 3 gi.
Cu trc ca mi bi ging gm mc tiu v cc
ging. Phn mc tiu nu cc yu cu m sinh
vin phi t c sau khi hon thnh bi
ging. Cc yu cu ny c trnh by di
dng cc ng t th hin cc cp nhn thc
Bloom. Mi ging c th l on vn bn,
hnh nh, on m thanh, on video,...

Mc tiu theo cc cp
nhn thc Bloom
(HTML)

Hnh 1: Cu trc mt bi ging

in t

ging 1
(HTML)

m thanh
(WAV, MP3,
MID).

ging 2
(HTML)
ging n
(HTML)

Hnh nh
(BMP, GIF,
JPG)
Ti nguyn khc

Mi ma trn kin thc c thit lp tng

ng vi tng bi ging in t. Ma trn gm
nhiu dng v su ct. Mi dng c th l mt
hoc mt s ging, mi ct l mt cp
trong su cp nhn thc ca Bloom v mi
ghi s lng cu hi tng ng ging vi cp
nhn thc. Vic thit lp ma trn kin thc
p ng yu cu nh th l m bo nh
gi ng ngi hc t chun kin thc, k
nng, khng qu ti v khng qu thp. Mt
khc, n cng gip ging vin xy dng c
ngn hng cu hi mt cch c h thng.

4.3.2 Ma trn kin thc p ng yu cu

Trong cng tc o to, khu nh gi l rt
quan trng, n gp phn quyt nh cht lng
o to. Vic nh gi theo qu trnh v s
dng hnh thc trc nghim khch quan lun
c khuyn khch.
m bo xy dng c ngn hng cu
hi c cht lng, nhm nghin cu thc hin
quy trnh gm 5 bc sau: (1) Thit lp ma trn
kin thc p ng yu cu; (2) xy dng ngn
hng cu hi, (3) t chc thi, kim tra, (4) phn
tch cu hi v (5) iu chnh cu hi.
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4.4.1 Cng c Word2SCO

Bng 1: Mt v d v ma trn kin thc

Vn Phn Tng nh Tng
dng tch hp gi cng
2
1
3
2
1
1
5
1
1
2
2
4
1
1
1 10

Thc t, a s cc hc phn c bin

son bng MS Word. c th ti s dng cc
ni dung ny, nhm nghin cu s dng chun
ng gi ni dung SCORM ng gi bi
ging in t v ci t thnh cng phn mm
Word2SCO. Cng c ny cho php tch,
chuyn i v ng gi hon ton t ng. Mi
bi ging c ng gi thnh mt i tng
ni dung c th chia s (SCO- Sharable Content
Object) hon chnh. Cc SCO dng nn c th
s dng trong cc LMS dng chun SCORM.
Word2SCO vn c th m rng s dng cho
cc gio trnh vit bng cc phn mm ngun
m c tnh nng tng t (nh StartOffice,
OpenOffice).

Bit Hiu
ging 1
ging 2-5
ging 6
Tng cng

1
1

4.4 Xy dng mt s cng c h tr

Nh trnh by trn, Moodle c chn
lm h qun l o to nn. Tuy nhin, n l
mt phn mm ca cng ng, phn mm mang
tnh cht phc v chung. V vy, ph hp
vi yu cu ng dng E-learning ti Khoa
CNTT & TT, cc cng c h tr c bit l h
tr cho h thng Moodle cn phi c xy
dng. Nhm nghin cu thit k v ci t
cc cng c nh di y.

Hnh 2: Giao din chnh ca

cng c Word2SCO

hng cu hi trong course theo tng ch , loi

cu hi v kh. Ngoi ra, ging vin c th
ra t ng theo tiu ch t ra (ch , loi
cu hi v kh) khng phi chn tng cu
hi v thm vo thi nh chc nng hin ti
ca h thng Moodle.

4.4.2 Cc cng c h tr cho h nn

Nhm nghin cu thit k v ci t cc
cng c sau:
Qun l ngn hng cu hi v ra t
ng. Cng c ny gip ging vin qun l ngn

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Hnh 3: Giao din son tho thi t ng

Nhn xt lp hc phn nhm mc ch

ci tin v nng cao cht lng ging dy. Thay
v nhn xt lp hc phn trn giy (do Trung
tm m bo Cht lng v Kho th cung
cp), sinh vin c th nh gi trc tuyn.

Cng c ny gip ngi s dng tit kim kh

nhiu thi gian v cng sc c bit l cn b
qun l trong vic tng hp, bo co v thng
k. Ngoi ra, n cng gip nh trng tit kim
mt khon khng nh trong vic in cc giy
nhn xt.

Hnh 4: Giao din trang nhn xt lp hc phn

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iu khin tin trnh hc ca hc vin

trong mt course. Cng c ny cho php ging
vin c th to ra tin trnh cho mt course. C
th, khi thit lp tng ch trong mt course,
ging vin phi qui nh cc ch tin quyt
m sinh vin phi t c trc khi hc ch
m ging vin ang thit lp. Ngoi ra, ging
vin cng phi thit lp t l phn trm s im
cho mi hot ng trong mi ch . Nh vy,
khi tham gia vo mt course no , hc vin

phi hc theo tin trnh m ging vin t ra.

iu khin tin trnh hc ca hc vin
trong chng trnh hc. Mc ch ca cng c
ny l cho php ging vin bt buc hc vin
phi hc theo tin trnh m chng trnh o to
quy nh. Tng t nh cng c c cp
trn, khi thit lp mt course, ging vin phi
qui nh cc course tin quyt m sinh vin phi
t c trc khi hc course ging vin ang
thit lp.

Hnh 5: Giao din thit lp im v cc hc phn tin quyt cho mt course

4.5 Trin khai h thng trong thc tin

Nhm nghin cu t chc cc bui bo
co chuyn v xy dng cc ni dung s v
t chc tp hun v s dng h thng Moodle
cho ging vin v sinh vin trong khoa.

khon, h thng ny cn cho php khch xem

cc thng bo v tham gia vo mt s lp hc
phn v mt s din n chung nu admin v
ging vin ph trch hc phn khng gii hn
i tng truy cp.

H thng E-learning lc mi bt u vn
hnh c khong 500 sinh vin v mt s ging
vin ca khoa tham gia. Hin nay, s lng
ngi dng tng ln rt nhiu v khng ch gii
hn l cc ging vin v sinh vin ang ging
dy v hc tp ti khoa.

Tnh n ht hc k 2 nm hc 2011 2012,

cc ging vin ca khoa bin son c cc
ni dung s nh Bng 3.
Bng 3: Cc ni dung s c bin son
Ni dung s
S lng
Hc phn c bi ging c ng gi
30
theo chun SCORM
Hc phn c bi ging dng .ppt, .pdf,
60
flash,...
S cu hi trc nghim
3731

Bng 2: S lng ngi dng c cp ti khon

Nhm ngi dng c cp ti khon S lng
Ging vin
62
Sinh vin ang hc ti Khoa CNTT & TT 2000
Sinh vin ang hc ti cc khoa khc ca
1103
trng H Cn Th
Sinh vin ang hc ti cc n v lin kt
v mt s trng i hc trong khu vc
260
(nh Ty , Cu Long)

Bn cnh vic dy v hc trn lp, ging

vin v sinh vin ca khoa s dng h thng
ny nh mt knh h tr kh hiu qu cho vic
o to theo hc ch tn ch. Di y l bng
thng k mt s hot ng c trin khai
trn h thng ny trong ba nm hc gn y.

Ngoi vic cung cp cc chc nng theo

phn quyn cp cho nhng ngi dng c ti

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Bng 4: Bng thng k mt s hot ng trn h

thng E-learning
S S
S lp S
S
lng bi
Hc k hc hc
din
Nm hc
ti kim
phn phn
n
liu tra
HK1, 09 - 10 31
29 214 74
14
HK2, 09 - 10 43
35 343 62
7
HK1, 10 - 11 44
38 298 39
2
HK2, 10 - 11 63
47 415 61
21
HK1, 11 - 12 72
58 520 70
25
HK2, 11 - 12 77
60 697 82
53

4.

S bi
trn
din
n
164
211
163
280
300
1153

5.
6.

5 KT LUN V XUT

7.

5.1 Kt lun
Kt qu quan trng nht m nhm nghin
cu lm c l a h thng E-learning
vo hot ng ti Khoa CNTT&TT thuc
trng HCT, to ra mt knh hc tp khc
gp phn nng cao cht lng o to. Hin
nay vic s dng h thng E-learning tr
thnh t gic i vi hu ht ging vin v sinh
vin trong khoa v nhng li ch thit thc m
h thng mang li.

8.
9.
10.

5.2 xut
11.

Nhu cu c hc tp nng cao trnh ca

mi ngi c bit l sinh vin tt nghip t
cc trng cao ng trong khu vc l kh ln.
V vy, chng ti cng ngh nghin cu xy
dng chng trnh, quy trnh o to kt hp
vi vic s dng h thng E-learning m
cc lp o to t xa dng i hc hoc
lin thng.

12.

Ngoi ra, chng ta c th s dng E-learning

trong tp hun ngn hn, h tr o to cho
gio dc ph thng v sau i hc.
TI LIU THAM KHO
1.

2.

3.

Bloom, Benjamin. S., ed. 1956. Taxonomy of

Educational Objectives: The Classification of
Educational Goals; Handbook I, Cognitive
Domain. New York: David McKay.
Trung T, 2005. ng dng CNTT-TT i
mi gio dc i hc Vit Nam: Bn
ct tr ln. Bo Bu in Vit Nam.
Graf, S. & List, B., 2005. An Evaluation of
Open Source E-Learning Platforms Stressing
Adaptation Issues. Proceedings of the

13.
15.

16.

101

International Conference on Advanced Learning

Technologies. Kaohsiung, Taiwan, pp. 163-165.
Hunh Ngc Phin, Trn i Dng, Hunh
Ngc Chng, V Quc Bo, 1997. Distance
Education. Bangkok, Thailand.
Lm Quang Thip. C s ca cc phng php
trc nghim. Ti liu o to.
L Quyt Thng, Nguyn Vn Linh v Phan
Huy Cng, 2003. Cu trc c bn ca mt
gio trnh in t dnh cho t hc v cng c
ci t n. K yu hi tho quc gia v cng
ngh thng tin (ICT .rda 03), thng 4/2003.
H Ni.
Lorin W. Anderson et al, 2001. Taxonomy for
Learning, Teaching, and Assessing - A Revision
of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational
Objectives. Pearson. 336pp.
Ng Trung Vit.. M hnh t chc c s hc tp
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17. Ti liu v h qun l o to Moodle.

http://moodle.org, truy cp nm 2012.
18. Ti liu v h qun l o to ILIAS.
http://www.ilias.uni-koeln.de, truy cp nm
2012.

19. Ti liu v h qun l o to Atutor.

http://www.atutor.ca, truy cp nm 2012.

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