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Vertical Circular Motion

1. A body of mass m is rotated in a vertical circle of radius r.

A v1 = gr ; T1 = 0

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m

B v2 = 2 gr ; T2 = 1.5mg

60

C v3 = 3gr ; T3 = 3mg

60

60

n.

D v4 = 4 gr ; T4 = 4.5mg

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E v5 = 5 gr ; T5 = 6mg

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2. If a body of mass m is rotated in a vertical circle of radius r the velocity and tension at
any point of the vertical circle is given by T

a) Speed of the particle u 2 2 gr (1 Co v = u 2 2 gr (1 Cos )

Where u is the velocity at the lowest point

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b) Centripetal force mv2 / r = T - mg cos

mgsin

c) Tangential acceleration = g sin

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C
P

mgcos

mg

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d) Tangential force = mg sin

e) Tension in the string

T = mv2/r + mg cos = m [v 2
r

+ g(r h)]

f) Velocity, speed, K.E, linear momentum, angular momentum, angular velocity, all

are variables. Only total energy remains constant

g) If u <

2gr

the body oscillates about A.

h) If 0 < u <
i) If

2gr

<u<

2gr
5gr

0 < < 90.

the body leaves the path without completing the circle.

j) A body is projected with a velocity 'u' at the lowest point

i)

Height at which velocity u = 0 is h = u2/2g

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u 2 + rg
3g

ii)

Height at which Tension T = 0 is h =

k)

Angle with vertical at which velocity v = 0 is Cos = 1

l)

Angle with vertical at which the tension T = 0 is Cos = 2/3 u2/3 gr

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m

u2
2gr

3. Reaction on the road

Concavity up:

ak

mv 2
R = mg
r

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Convexity up:

mv 2
R = mg +
r

r.

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4. A particle is freely sliding down from the top of a smooth convex hemisphere of radius

a. The particle is ready to leave the surface at a vertical distance h = r/3 from the

highest point.

b. If the position vector of the particle with respect to the centre of curvature makes an
angle with vertical

c. Velocity =

then Cos = 2/3 and = cos1 2 = 4811

3

2 g R
3

d. If the body starts from initial velocity, then c o s

u 2
2
=
+

3
3
r
g

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5. A body of mass m is sliding along an inclined plane from a vertical

height h as shown in the figure. For the body to describe a vertical circle

of radius R, the minimum height in terms of R is given by h = 5R .

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.s

ak

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n.

co
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