Organs

Esophagus

Small intestine
Large intestine
Rectum
Mouth

Stomach

Anus
Bile
Duodenum

Functions
Channels food from the mouth to
the stomach. Peristalsis- the
wavelike muscular contractions that
push food through the digestive
system.
Digests and absorb food
Absorb water and mineral from
undigested food
Stores and compacts waste before
it is eliminated
Cuts and chews the food
(mechanical digestion), while saliva
lubricates the food aid in
swallowing. Amylase in saliva starts
to break down starches into simple
sugars.
Food is churned into a thick liquid
called chime. Hydrochloric acid
lowers the pH in the stomach,
which activates and increases the
activity or pepsin- an enzyme that
begins the digestion of proteins.
Removes the faeces from the body
Bile is the chemical that breaks up
large fat droplets
Upper section of the small intestine.
Bile emulsifies fats, reducing large
drops of fats to small droplets,
which increases the surface area of
the fats. Three pancreatic enzymes
digest nutrients here: lipase breaks
down fat molecules into fatty acids,
amylase reduces starches to simple
carbohydrates, and trypsin breaks
up proteins into short chains of
amino acids.

Jejunum
Ileum
Colon
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Caecum

Appendix
Villus (plural: villi)

Liver
Salivary glands

Middle section of the small intestine

Lower section of the small intestine
Secretes pancreatic juice
Full of bacteria which produce
useful vitamins such as vitamin K
and ferment fiber.
Tiny finger-like projections which
line on the walls of the small
intestine.
Secrets bile to emulsify fats
Produce saliva