http://eclass.uoa.

gr/courses/MED397

..
24.2.2016

(
)()
()
()

Penicillium notatum

Staphylococcus
Staphylococcus sp

(..,)
Gram +

Staphylococcussp

Streptococcus,Staphylococcus,Bacillus,Clostridium (),
Corynebacterium (),Listeria ()

..
24.2.2016

Gram

E.coli

Spirochetes(),Neisseria (),Mycoplasma
pneumoniae (),Ureaplasma urealyticum ()
Cabeen &JacobsWagner (2005)NatRevMicrobiol 3:60110

Gram+Staphylococcusaureus,Streptococcuspyogenes/viridans/pneumoniae

Gram

Gram Haemophilus influenza,Neisseria gonorrhoea/meningitis,Pseudomonassp.,Escherichiacoli,Shigela sp.,

Salmonellasp.,Campylobactersp.,Klebsiella sp.,Enterobacter sp.,Serratia sp.,Proteussp.

( )

( )

Clostridium difficile/botulinum/tetani

..
24.2.2016

RNA

RNA

50S

DHF THF

30S

..
24.2.2016

:p,DHF:,THF:

DNA

..
24.2.2016

f<107108 bp (1bp/107108 )

:R
((,,

Mulvey &Simor CMAJ2009;180:408415

O
G ()

..
24.2.2016

vs Gram

PBP

&

()
Gram+

PBP

PBP

..
24.2.2016

Thanbichler &Shapiro(2008)NatRevMicrobiol 6:2840

: (/),G:,:

PBP

()

&

Gram
(..Pseudomonasaeruginosa)
..
24.2.2016

(..Staphylococcus
MRSA)
Fernndez L&HancockRE.Clin Microbiol Rev2012;25:66181

&

Penicilliumsp

,,

G ()
V (peros)

Gram+

Pseudomonasaeruginosa

Gram+

(,)

(


)
Staphylococcusaureus
p y

(MRSA)

..
24.2.2016

Gram+&Gram

,E.coli,H. influenza

Gram+ &Gram
Pseudomonasaeruginosa

,Klebsiella

&

Penicilliumsp

,,

G ()
V (peros)

Streptococcuspyogenes
(,)

(,)

(


)

..
24.2.2016

&
,,

peros
pH &

()
12h /

per os/p e
peros/p.e.

,,,

()

(
:,
)

..
24.2.2016

(2 5%) :
(25%)
:
a

:
:

(GABA)

(+ +)

(vs )
YR1 &R2:&

..
24.2.2016

Gram+
Gram ,Proteus,E.coli,Klebsiela pneumoniae

Gram
Haemophilus influenzae,Enterobacter,Neisseria
: Bacteroides fragilis
:Bacteroides

Gram
Serratia,Enterobacter,Neisseria
:Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Gram+()
Gram :E.coli,Klebsiela
Gram
: E. coli, Klebsiela pneumoniae,
pneumoniae,
Pseudomonasaeruginosa,Enterobacter

(vs )
YR1 &R2:&

..
24.2.2016

()
Staphylococcusaureus

,&H. influenzae
,

Gram (),

Pseudomonas
3
3

 (12%)
(515%)

i.v. &peros (,
,,
,,
,
,
,)

(: ,3
&4 )
)

..
24.2.2016

(,,)

((,,)

)
,

:Gram+ &Gram (Pseudomonas

aeruginosa)
aeruginosa)

,
,
i.v.

..
24.2.2016

()

:,

Gram ,Enterobacter,
Pseudomonasaeruginosa
Gram+ &
Gram+&

i.v./i.m.

..
24.2.2016

(?)
(?)

,,,

..
24.2.2016

Gram+ ,MRSA,Clostridiumdifficile
(VRE)

..
24.2.2016

Gram+ ,MRSA,Clostridiumdifficile
(VRE)

i.v.
peros (Clostridiumdifficile)

(&)
i.m.

ii.m.:&
m : &
:

..
24.2.2016

,shock

h k

RNA

RNA

50S

30S

DHF THF

..
26.2.2016

:p,DHF:,THF:


()
1

Gram

(Pseudomonas
sp.)

(&Pseudomonassp.)

Gram+
(Staphylococcus
aureus)
aureus)

Gram
Gram+(S.
aureus&S.
pneumoniae

(,

..
26.2.2016

&

&

vs Gram+

Gram

Gram
Gram+

()
()

(Crohn,
)

(
)

*Pseudomonas sp.

()

(
)

DNA()Gram
VGram+
&DNA

DNA

Gram

()

DNA

Gram+
..
26.2.2016

IV

f<107108 bp (1bp/107108 )

:R
(,,
(
,

,
)

..
26.2.2016

Mulvey &Simor CMAJ2009;180:408415

DNA
&/ V
&/V

Gram

..
26.2.2016

Gram+

Gram

Piddock LJV. Clin Microbiol Rev2006;19:382402

Gram+

&

..
26.2.2016

,,
peros

per os/i v
peros/i.v.

(,,
,,

,
)

,()

()
,
QT
()

t(,
,

,
:

..
26.2.2016

,, (
),,,
, , ,
Ag,Mg,Ca,Fe
Ag, Mg, Ca, Fe
()

,
<18


()
:p()
:
p ()

(DHPS)
:
(HF)

(DHPS)

+
p()

(DH)

&

..
26.2.2016

2NAD

(DHF)

2NAD+

(HF)

peros /i.v.

..
26.2.2016

,,StevensJohnson

(G6PD),,

<2,
,,,

(DHPS)

+
p ()
p()

2NAD

(
)
(DH)

((DHF))

+
5:1

..
26.2.2016

2NAD+

((HF))

:,,StevensJohnson

peros /i.v.

..
26.2.2016

,,,

(G6PD),,
,,

V:,,,

RNA

RNA

50S

DHF THF

30S

..
26.2.2016

WilsonDN (2014) NatRevMicrobiol 12: 3548

30S50S70S
mRNA
30S

50S

:
Gram+ &Gram
&

,
,
,
,

()

Gram
(:Brucella,
Pseudomonas,
Klebsiella,Francisella,
Proteus,Enterobacter,
Serratia)
Gram+

,
,

..
26.2.2016

Gram+&Gram
Gram+&Gram

Gram+

G
,

&
Gram+ ()

(Bacteroidesfragilis)
&
Clostridiumdifficile: ,

&
Gram

Pseudomonas

Clostridium

perfringens
perfringens,
:
Peptostreptococcus

&

(M
(Mycoplasma
l

pneumoniae,

Chlamydophila

pneumoniae,Legionella
pneumophila)


50S

( )
:
()
:

50S,

&

()

tRNA

rRNA

50S&

tRNA

()

mRNA

50S&
70s

()

mRNA&
tRNA
tRNA
30S
()
..
26.2.2016

30S

mRNA

()

46

Chlamydia,Mycoplasma
Chl
di M
l
pneumoniae,Rickettsia,Brucella,
Chlamydiatrachomatis

..
26.2.2016

Gram+
Gram

TetA &TetR
& TetR
TetA

&()
()

(
)

..
26.2.2016

tetMg
tet
Mg2+
TetA &TetR

ChopraI & Roberts (2001) Microbiol MolBiol Rev65:232260


pes os
(:
)
:,,
,,
, ,

Ca2+ (,)
&

()
:

&

(:

..
26.2.2016

(,)
,, ..
Ca,Ag,Mg

(,
)

(
)
)

(Candida,Clostridium:
)

Gram
Pseudomonas,Brucella,Klebsiella,Francisella,Proteus,Enterobacter,Serratia
Gram+:(),,

..
26.2.2016



(
(

,): Pseudomonasaeruginosa&
Gram
()
(
)


()

(
)
(&

)[
(ANT),(AAC),(APH)]

(ANT)

(AAC)

(APH)]

..
26.2.2016

WilsonDN (2014) NatRevMicrobiol 12: 3548

peros

:&
Corti&

C ti &

p.e.(
)
&
&

(
(
&)

:Ach&

( :
:
(
Ca,)

..
26.2.2016

()

(1416C)

:
(Chlamydia,Legionella,Moraxella,Ureaplasma,H. pylori)
: Gram+ H.
influezae,Moraxella catarrhalis,Mycobacteriumavium
intacellulare t>40h
t >40 h

..
26.2.2016

mef

50So ()

mRNA

50S

..
26.2.2016

peros

()
:

&
&

&
:

&

..
26.2.2016

()

&

450

 G6PD

:
peros

,,,

,
,
,

:,
( )

(.,,,)

..
26.2.2016

Peros:
(
,
,
,)

:
peros

:
()

Clostridium difficile ()

&

..
26.2.2016

3:7(:)

i.v.

&

&

&

(25%)

CYP3A4
(
&
)
(&)

..
26.2.2016

3:7(:)

i.v.

&

&
:

&

(25%)

CYP3A4
(
&
)
(&)

..
26.2.2016


Enterococcusfaecium&. faecalis
(VRE)
Gram+,
(MRSA)
Mycobacteriumtuberculosis

i.v.
:
peros
:

(2%)

..
26.2.2016