Review Statistika Dasar

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STATISTIKA

POPULASI

Generalisasi

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PARAMETER

Sampling

SAMPEL

STATISTIK

Statistik Deskriptif
Informasi mengenai pemusatan data
Mode
Median
Mean

Informasi mengenai variabilitas

Range
Mean Deviasi
Deviasi Standar

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Ukuran Dispersi

Range = Maks Min

N

MD =

Xi X
N
Range

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Semua X
Nilai +/-

s=

(X
i =1

X)

N 1

Mean deviasi

Deviasi standar

STATISTIK DESKRIPTIF
Subjek

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XX

X X (X X)2

-1.4

1.4

1.96

-0.4

0.4

0.16

-0.4

0.4

0.16

0.6

0.6

0.36

1.6

1.6

2.56

32

4.4

5.2

MODE

=6

MEDIAN

=6

MEAN

= 32 : 5 = 6.40

RANGE

=85=3

MEAN DEV. = 4.4 : 5 = 0.88

DEV. STD

= (5.2 : 4)1/2 = 1.14

JUMLAH DEVIASI KUADRAT (JK)

2

JK x = (X X )
2
( X )
2
= X
N

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JK xy = [(X X )(Y Y)]

2
(XY)
= XY
N
CROSS PRODUCT

DEVIASI STANDAR DAN VARIAN

DEVIASI STANDAR

VARIAN

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(X X )
sx =
n 1

(X X )
s =
n 1
2
x

Similarities Between the Variance and Standard

Deviation Formulas
Table 2.1 Variance and Standard Deviation Formulas
Population

sum
a score in the

X distribution

the population mean X

Variance

the number of cases in

N the population

Estimate Based on Sample

X
n

( X ) 2
=
N

( X X ) 2
s =
n 1
2

to sum
a score in the

X distribution

the population mean X

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Standard
Deviation

the number of cases in

N the population

( X ) 2
=
N

sum
a score in the distribution
the sample mean
the number of cases in the
sample

X
n

sum
a score in the distribution
the sample mean
the number of cases in the
sample

( X X ) 2
s=
n 1

Formulas for calculating

the variance and the
standard deviation are
virtually identical.
Square root in standard
deviation formula is only
difference.
Calculating the variance
is the same for both
sample and population
data except the
denominator for the
sample formula, which
is n-1
Formula for calculating
the variance is known
as deviation score
formula

Varian dan Kovarian

( X )
( X X )
2
Varxt (Sx ) =
= X
n
n

(X X )(Y Y )
(X)(Y)
= XY
Cov xy (Sxy ) =
n
n

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2
Y

S XY

2
X

KOVARIAN

S XY =

( X X )(Y Y )
n 1

KORELASI

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rXY

s XY
=
s X sY

KORELASI

rXY

Cov XY
S XY
=
=
Dev.Std . X Dev.Std .Y S X SY

rXY
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s XY
=
s X sY