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Coconut Triangle
There zones reflect the effects of both altitude and precipitation. The common topographic and climatic
features, type of animals and husbandry practices in the major systems are given in Table 3.
Table 3. Cattle and Buffalo systems: topography, climate and animal husbandry
Zone
Elevation
(m)
Rainfall
(mm)
Temp.
Range 0C
Animal Types
Husbandry
Practices
Up country
>450
>2,000
10-32
Coconut
triangle
<450
1,5002,500
21-38
Crosses of
exotic breeds.
Zebu types,
Indigenous
animals and
crosses,
Buffaloes
Limited grazing,
tethered under
coconut palms
medium size
herds
Wet
lowlands
<450
1,8752,500
24-35
As above
Limited grazing,
medium size
herds
Dry
lowlands
<450
100-1,750
21-38
Indigenous
cattle, zebu
cattle and their
crosses,
Buffaloes
Free grazing,
large nomadic
herds, Sedentary
small herds in
irrigated
schemes.
Botanical gardern
At one time these beautiful botanical gardens were reserved exclusively for Kandyan royalty. Today
even commoners are allowed into what are, at 60 hectares, the largest and most impressive botanic
gardens in Sri Lanka.
The many highlights include a fine collection of orchids and a stately avenue of royal palms. Another
big hit is the giant Javan fig tree on the great lawn. Covering 2500 sq metres, its like a giant, living
geodesic dome.
On weekends and holidays the gardens are packed with romantically inclined local tourists, and it
can be hard to move without tripping over yet another canoodling young couple.
If food is more a priority than love, youll find an overpriced cafeteria (mains Rs 550 to Rs 1000)
about 500m north of the entrance, serving Western and Sri Lankan food on a roofed verandah. A
better option is to stock up on picnic items. Just keep a close eye on the insistent posse of local
dogs.
Bus 644 (Rs 15) from Kandys clock-tower bus stop goes to the gardens. A three-wheeler from
Kandy is around Rs 700 return; a van is around Rs 1500. Many taxi drivers incorporate a visit to the
gardens with the Pinnewala Elephant Orphanage or the Kandy temple loop.
93
Badulla
73
Batticaloa
90
Beruwala
85
Chavakachcheri
91
Colombo
84
Dalugama
84
Dambulla
85
Dehiwala
85
Galle
82
Homagama
85
Jaffna
83
Kalmunai
93
Kandy
83
Kurunegala
88
Moratuwa
85
Negombo
84
Ratnapura
85
Sri Jayewardenepura-Kotte
84
Trincomalee
98
weather
The months January, February, March, April and May have nice weather with a
good average temperature.
Most rainfall (rainy season) is seen in January, April, May, June, July, August,
September, October, November and December.
October is the wettest month. This month should be avoided if you don't like too
much rain.
The months January, February, March, April and May have nice weather with a
good average temperature.
Most rainfall (rainy season) is seen in January, April, May, June, July, August,
September, October, November and December.
October is the wettest month. This month should be avoided if you don't like too
much rain.
ontemporary Kandy[edit]
It is the second-largest city of the island and the capital of Central Province of modern Sri Lanka. Its
geographic location has made it a major transportation hub in the island: while Kandy being the
gateway to the Central Highlands[4] of Sri Lanka, the city can be reached by major motorways in
every direction of the island. The railway line from Colombo, the sea port on the western coast runs
via Kandy to the farthest point of Badulla[5] in the Central Highlands. The main roads Colombo-Kandy
and Kandy-Nuwara Eliya[6] are two of the most scenic roads of Sri Lanka; Colombo-Kandy[7] road
passes through rubber plantations and rice paddies, Kandy-Nuwara Eliya road cuts through paddy
fields and seamless tea plantations. Both roads claw their way up winding, rounding over the rings of
hills. Currently feasibility studies are afoot for another highway between Colombo and Kandy via
Kadawata and the scenic city of Katugastota.
Kandyan terrain
Topography[edit]
Kandy is located in the mountainous and thickly forested interior of the island. The city is located in
between multiple mountain ranges including the Knuckles mountain range and the Hanthana
Mountain Range, giving the city an elevation of 500 metres (1,600 ft) above sea level. It lies adjacent
to the artificial Kandy Lake and south of Udawatta Kele Sanctuary.Today udawatte kele is reducing
its area.
Climate[edit]
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
27
28
30
30
29
28
27
28
(81)
(82)
(86)
(86)
(84)
(82)
(81)
(82)
23.1
24.1
25.4
25.9
25.6
24.8
24.3
24.4
(73.6)
(75.4)
(77.7)
(78.6)
(78.1)
(76.6)
(75.7)
(75.9)
18
18
18
20
20
20
20
19
(64)
(64)
(64)
(68)
(68)
(68)
(68)
(66)
79
74
71
188
144
132
128
113
(3.11)
(2.91)
(2.8)
(7.4)
(5.67)
(5.2)
(5.04)
(4.45)
14
11
15
14
13
Source #1: Weather2Travel for highs, lows and sunshine,[12] Climate-Data.org for daily mean temperatu
In Kppen-Geiger climate classification system, its climate is tropical rainforest (Af).[8] With Kandy
located in the centre of the island and in a high elevation, the city has a relatively wetter and cooler
temperatures than that of the tropical climate of therest of the country, especially the coastal
regions. Nuwara Eliya is south to it and has a cooler climate due to its higher elevation. The city has
its dry season from January through to April.[9] From May through to July and October to December
the region experiences its monsoon season, during this time the weather is rough and unstable. The
island being in the northern hemisphere gives Kandy it coldest month in January and its hottest in
July. From March through the middle of May is the intermonsoonal period, during this time there is
light rain and strong humidity.[10] The humidity is generally between 70% to 79%.[11]
Cityscape[edit]
Sketch of the town of Kandy and surrounding country for about three miles, in the year of 1815.
The city of Kandy lies at an elevation of 465 metres (1,526 ft) above sea level. Its plan developed
around two open spaces: an elongated square, at the end of which are the administration buildings
of the old capital, and an artificial lake that is quadrangular in form. A public garden adds to the
openness of the city's spatial organization.
Kandy has now grown out to encompass Peradeniya, home to the University of Peradeniya and the
Botanical Gardens, Katugastota to the north, and east
to Kundasale, Tennekumbura and Gurudeniya.
Neighbourhoods[edit]
Downtown Kandy
Ampitiya
Ampitiya North
Ampitiya South
Anniwatta
Aruppola East
Asgiriya
Bahirawakanda
Bogambara
Bogodawatta
Bowala
Buwelikada
Dangolla
Deiyannewelle
Etamoragodawatta Colony
Gannoruwa West
Getambe
Heenagama
Katugastota
Katukele
Kosgaspitiya
Kotugodella
Lewella
Madawala
Mahaiyawa
Malwatta
Mapanawatura
Mavilmada
Menikkumbara
Mulgampola
Navayalatenna
Nittawela
Nuwara Dondawala
Peradeniya
Polgolla
Siyabalapitiya
Siyambalagastenna
Suduhumpola East
Suduhumpola West
Talwatta
Udamadapola
Watapuluwa
Wattarantenna
Wewelpitiya
Yatiwawala
Wards[edit]
Kandy has 24 wards:[16][17]
Government[edit]
Kandy Municipal Council
Type
Type
Local authority
Leadership
Mayor
Mahindra Ratwatte
Since 8 October 2011
Deputy Mayor
Sena Dissanayake
Since 8 October 2011
Municipal
Chandana Tennakoon
Commissioner
Seats
24
Elections
Voting system
Last election
Website
http://www.kandywhc.org/
The Government Agent of the Central Province had presided over the council until 1939 when the
Mayor was elected. The first elected mayor was Sir Cuda Ratwatte. With further amendments to the
ordinance in 1978 the Mayor became the Executive Head whilst the Commissioner was the
Administrative head.
Presently the Council consists of 24 members. The Governing Party, United National Party has 14
and the opposition 10. The Council meets once a month to review the progress and decide on the
implementation of its projects. Five standing committees of the Council, namely Finance, Law,
Works, Sports and Welfare Services (Pre-Schools, Library), also meet monthly to evaluate and
recommend to Council relative matters for approval.
Demographics[edit]
Main articles: Demographics of Kandy and Demographics of Sri Lanka
Kandy is a Sinhala majority city; there are sizable communities belonging to other ethnic groups,
such as Moors and Tamils. The city remains an important religious centre of the Sinhalese and a
place of pilgrimage for Buddhists, namely those belonging to theTheravada school. The Catholic
Church has a diocese headquartered in the city.
Population
Sinhalese
74.55%
Sri Lankan
Moors
10.90%
Sri Lankan
Tamils
9.59%
Indian Tamils
3.53%
Others
1.43%
%
Ethnicity
Populati
Of
on
Tot
al
74.5
Sinhala
118,209
17,282
15,203
9.59
Indian Tamils
5,601
3.53
2,269
1.43
158,564
100
10.9
0
Other
(including Burgher, M
alay)
Total
Source:statistics.gov.lk
Population
Sinhalese
70.48%
Sri Lankan
Moors
13.93%
Sri Lankan
Tamils
8.57%
Indian Tamils
4.77%
Others
2.26%
Ethnicity
Populati
Of
on
Tot
al
70.4
Sinhala
77,560
15,326
9,427
8.57
Indian Tamils
5,245
4.77
2,489
2.26
110,049
100
13.9
3
Other
(including Burgher, M
alay)
Total
Source:statistics.gov.lk
Economy[edit]
Kandy is second only to Colombo as the center of the Sri Lankan economy. It is the second-largest
city of the island and the capital of Central Province of Sri Lanka. Many major corporations have
large branch offices in Kandy and many industries include textiles, furniture, information technology
and jewellery are found there. Many agriculture research centers are located throughout the city.
Kandy City Centre is a large shopping centre located in the heart of Kandy. It houses famous
international brand outlets such as Apple Inc. Futureworld, Philips, Reebok, Triumph
International, Adidas as well as famous Asian and Sri Lankan brand sh
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
27
28
30
30
29
28
27
28
(81)
(82)
(86)
(86)
(84)
(82)
(81)
(82)
23.1
24.1
25.4
25.9
25.6
24.8
24.3
24.4
(73.6)
(75.4)
(77.7)
(78.6)
(78.1)
(76.6)
(75.7)
(75.9)
18
18
18
20
20
20
20
19
(64)
(64)
(64)
(68)
(68)
(68)
(68)
(66)
79
74
71
188
144
132
128
113
(3.11)
(2.91)
(2.8)
(7.4)
(5.67)
(5.2)
(5.04)
(4.45)
14
11
15
14
13
Source #1: Weather2Travel for highs, lows and sunshine,[12] Climate-Data.org for daily mean temperatu
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The tourism industry of Sri Lanka is poised for growth to achieve sustainable development phase
within the next few years, based on the strategic direction determined by the new government.Sri
Lanka Tourism has formulated a broad Strategic Marketing Plan for year 2016, with the participation
of private and public sector stakeholders addressing long standing needs of the industry and the
future expectations of the country as a tourism destination. The new strategy was refined for its
contents to maximise the benefits to the tourism industry and to position Sri Lanka as the most
sought after travel destination in Asia.
campaigns focusing on main product offerings of the county will serve as the overall goal of the
promotional strategy devised for 2016.
The core destination promotional tools will be enhanced such as advertising and PR to implement a
global advertising campaign and global PR initiative to stay ahead of the major competitors to Sri
Lanka. The advertising campaign will be implemented in line with the Nation Branding Campaign
initiated by the government of Sri Lanka thus by choosing leading service providers following the
government procurement guidelines. Tourism promotional strategy 2016 has addressed the long
standing need of appointing PR agencies for key markets especially in Europe, East Asia, Benelux
and emerging markets. Sri Lanka Tourism wish to appoint PR agencies for major source markets in
order to achieve country promotional objectives and aggressively promote the country enhancing
tourism brand in the world.
The strategic choice for country promotions has been constantly challenged by the global trend
towards internet/online based destination marketing in the recent years. Most of the traditional
marketing tools have been outdated with the introduction of web based booking engines, tour
planning, e-marketing and other real time services available to frequent travelers online. Considering
these developments, Sri Lanka Tourism has opted to implement a fully-fledged online and digital
marketing campaign for year 2016. The campaign will create language specific web sites for all main
markets and will promote the destination on focused online and social media platforms identified in
each country. Special prominence has been given to attract travel bloggers with high reputation who
will act as brand ambassadors generating credibility providing first-hand publicity for Sri Lanka based
on experience gathered by visiting the country.
The trade familiarization tours and media familiarization tours will continue to be a major component
of year 2016 marketing plan. Overall 300 travel agents and 200 travel media will be facilitated from
the countries around the world under the familiarization tours hosted by Sri Lanka Tourism.
Familiarization tours will attract prominent print and electronic media to Sri Lanka to produce and
generate articles on the destination and its tourism products.
The traditional promotional activities such as participating for travel fairs, conducting roadshows and
outdoor promotions will also be carried out in each country. However this will be focused and
implemented based on the need analysis. For year 2016 SLTPB will participate at 46 travel fairs and
road shows in 20 key countries in order to develop the product brand and generate sales by B2B
agent interactions.
While there is an uncertainty of Sri Lankan Airlines continuing to operate in Europe and several other
destinations of choice, Sri Lanka Tourism hope to enter into strategic partnerships with new and
existing Airlines connecting the regions capitalising on the Open Sky policy of the government of
Sri Lanka. It is planned to develop strategic partnerships with all existing key airlines and work with
new airlines like Austrian Air and Malindu Air and Air China who will have new operations to Sri
Lanka. The tourism strategy has allocated budgets for working with airlines and strategic
partnerships along with attracting charter flights.
On the other hand , steps will be taken to improve the quality of tourism products by investing on the
infrustructre developments. Tourism information centers will be strengthened for better serving the
travellers . Local media Campaigns , New product developments, niche segments developmemt,
working with provincial councils for domestic tourism development are part of the strategy formulated
for year 2016.
During the year 2016 Sri Lanka will host the largest ever French travel agents congress SNAV, by
attracting 600 travel agents from France to the country. The congress will provide huge exposure for
the destination in Europe, especially in French speaking countries. Sri Lanka Tourism hope to
promote the country as a destination for MICE travel and leisure travelers by proving its capasity to
host events of this capasity. Sri Lanka has also won the host country status for PATA 2017 which
provide similar exposure to the destination. The bidding process will continue to attract more
congresses, incentive travellers and events with the objective of making Sri Lanka the MICE hub of
Asia. The government of Sri Lanka has provided special consessions to MICE travel development
which is an encouraging factor to invest in this sector.
The new tourism strategic marketing plan of 2016 will focus on the long term result oriented
approach to develop tourism industry in Sri Lanka than serving short term goals.Supported by the
strong presence of the newly appointed Tourism Advisory Committee, Hon. Prime Minsiter, Board of
Directors ,Chairman, Hon.Tourism Minister & Deputy Minister and the Ministry Secretary, it is aimed
at laying the foundation for a far sighted tourism development strategy based on the industry inputs
garnered from decades of experience , analysing research findings and countrys competitive
position while being attuned to constant challenges faced by soci-political and cultural environment
in the world tourism landscape.
The Budget Proposal of 2016 has introduced a comprehensive policy framework for tourism
development.Under the guidence of Hon. Prime Minister several key initiatives have been proposed
such as setting up an Aquaculture park in Batticaloa, promote sale of gem and jewellery, encourage
MICE tourism by establishing necessary infrastructure, encourage spending by tourists, trasform and
upgrade touirst attraction sites and local tourism zones, encourage theme parks and removal of tax
for water sport equipments yachts etc & introduce hovercrafts and other water based sports for
tourists, tax holidays for investors and removal of TDL are key areas proposed. With the view of
improving operational efficiency and to facilitate investement a new organisation will be formd under
the name Agency for Development.Tourism branding plan, training and development for tourism
youth, registration of tourist hotels based on quality standards etc of the Budget Proposal 2016 , will
heavily contribute to sustainable tourism development strategy for Sri Lanaka.
As such Sri Lanka Tourism is confident that the new strategic direction will move the country forward
making it the most sought after travel destination in Asia while all stakeholders of the industry reap
its benefits. It is very clear that within the next few years to come, tourism industry will become a
sustainable sector in the Sri Lankan economy being the top GDP contributor within next few years.
Sri Lanka will adopt a concerted and coordinated approach linking private and public sector and all
stakeholders ,to assess policies that govern future industry development and provide knowledge to
guide successful and sustainable Travel & Tourism strategy for the country.
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