Present Perfect Simple & Continuous

Usos
1.Se usa el tiempo Presente Perfecto Simple cuando se habla de algo que
ocurri en el pasado, pero no se dice cundo ocurri. Tiene un efecto en
algo del presente.
I've broken my arm as you
can see.

Me he roto el brazo como

puedes ver.

I broke my arm once. The

effect is that my arm is in
plaster.

I can't go on holiday
because I have broken my
leg.

No puedo irme de vacaciones At some point in the past, I

porque me he roto la pierna. broke my leg. As a result, I
can't go on holiday now.

The train has left the station.

El tren ha partido de la
estacin.

Have you locked all the

doors?

Has cerrado todas las

puertas?

The train left the station

some time ago (it is not
important whether it is an
hour or a minute ago). The
effect is that it is not here
now.

Our neighbours have bought Nuestros vecinos se han

a new car.
comprado un coche nuevo.
This is the first time I have
eaten Japanese food.

Es la primera vez que he

comido comida japonesa

The action is happening

now. It marks a new
experience in my life.

I've bought something to eat. He comprado algo de comer.

I haven't found her phone
number yet.

An no he encontrado su
nmero de telfono.

Why haven't you read this

book?

Por qu no has ledo este

libro?

We've eaten all our food.

Nos hemos comido toda tu

comida.

2.Se usa el Presente Perfecto Continuo cuando se habla de algo que comenz
en el pasado y an sucede ahora, O an tiene un efecto en el ahora.
How long have you
been waiting?

Por cunto tiempo has estado

esperando?

You started waiting some time

ago and you are still here.

I've been working there He estado trabajando all por

for about three months. aproximadamente 3 meses.

I started work there three

months ago and I still work
there.

She's been reading my Ha estado leyendo mi libro.

book.

The book is not in the place

where I left it.

I've been studying

history all afternoon.

He estado estudiando historia

toda la tarde.

I'm tired because of all this

work studying history.

That man has been

walking in the

Ese hombre ha estado

caminando en las montaas

I saw him this morning in the

mountains and he's still there,

mountains all day.

todo el da.

walking.

We've been living in

John's flat for the last
month.

Hemos estado viviendo en el

piso de John durante el ltimo
mes.

We moved in a month ago and

we're still looking for a
permanent place to live.

I've been playing a lot

of tennis recently.

ltimamente he estado jugando

un montn de tenis.

My game is getting better as a

result.

How long has he been

working in this factory?

Por cunto tiempo ha estado

trabajando en esta fbrica?

I can see that you work in this

factory, but when did you start?

She's been cleaning

the house for three
hours.

Ha estado limpiando la casa por That's why she's so tired now.

tres horas.

He has been looking

for you all day.

Te ha estado buscando todo el

da

Now he can stop his search.

3.
El Presente Perfecto Continuo sugiere que la accin no ha acabado, O que acab
recientemente. Compralo con elPresente Perfecto Simple, el cual sugiere que la
accin ya ha acabado.
4.
I've been digging the garden. That's why
I'm so dirty.

He estado cavando en el jardn. Por eso

estoy tan sucio.

I've dug the whole garden and I'm

exhausted.

He cavado en todo el jardn y estoy exahusto.

I've been reading a book.

He estado leyendo un libro.

I've read a book.

He ledo un libro.

I've been painting the house.

He estado pintando la casa.

I've painted the house.

He pintado la casa.

She's been learning the irregular verbs.

Est aprendiendo los verbos irregulares.

She's learnt all the irregular verbs.

Ha aprendido todos los verbos irregulares.

We've been planting new rose bushes in

the garden.

Hemos estado plantando arbustos de rosas

en el jardn.

We've planted a lot of new rose bushes.

Hemos plantado un montn de nuevos

arbustos de rosas.

Past Perfect Simple & Continuous

Usos
1.El tiempo Pasado Perfecto se usa cuando queremos hablar de algo que
ocurri antes que otro evento en el pasado:
I had done a lot of work
before I went to bed.

Haba hecho un montn de

trabajo antes de irme a la
cama.

First I did a lot of work, and then I

went to bed.

She had cooked dinner

before she left home.

Haba cocinado la cena

antes de irse de casa.

First she cooked dinner. Then

she left home.

She read a book before

they watched TV.

Ley un libro antes de ver

TV.

First she read a book, and then

they watched TV.

When she had finished

her dinner, she left the
room.

Cuando haba acabado su

She finished her dinner before
cena se fue de su habitacin. she left the room.

I told her that I had

always dreamt about it.

Le dije que siempre lo haba

soado.

When they had stopped

singing, the audience
clapped.

Cuando haban dejado de

They stopped singing. Then the
cantar, la audiencia aplaudi. audience clapped.

Before his holidays he

had studied a lot.

Antes de sus vacaciones

haba estudiado un montn.

He studied a lot. After all this

studying, he went on holiday.

He spent over L500

more than he had
planned.

Gast ms de L500 de lo
que haba planeado.

He planned to spend less money.

When he went shopping, he
spent L500 more than his original
budget (money plan).

He received a letter from

Boston saying that a
week before they had
found his car.

Recibi una carta de Boston

diciendo que haca una
semana que haban
encontrado su coche.

They found his car. Then, a week

later, they wrote about this in a
letter and sent it to him. Then he
received the letter.

I had thought that over

before I went out.

Lo haba pensado mucho

antes de salir.

First I thought that over, and then

I went out.

I dreamt about it a lot. Later I told

her this.

Construccin

Positiva

Pregunta

Negativa

I had worked.

Had I worked?

I had not worked.

You had worked.

Had you worked?

You had not worked.

He / She / It had worked.

Had he / she / it worked?

He / She / It had not worked.

We / You / They had

worked.

Had we / you / they

worked?

We / You / They had not

worked.

Usos
1.El tiempo Pasado Perfecto Continuo se usa cuando queremos hablar de algo
que sigui pasando por un tiempo antes que otro evento ocurriera en el
pasado. Estamos ms interesados en esa accin que en su resultado:
I had been reading before Haba estado leyendo antes
you came.
que vinieras.

That is why I had my reading

glasses on when you saw me.

Had she been writing

before we came?

I noticed she had ink on her

fingers when we arrived.

Haba estado ella escribiendo

antes que vinisemos?

They had been driving for Haban estado conduciendo

a long time before they
por largo rato antes de uqe
stopped to have lunch.
parasen a comer.

That is why they were

stretching their legs in the
restaurant car park.

How long had he been

living in the USA before
he moved to Australia?

I wonder why he did not have

an American accent when he
moved to Australia.

Cunto tiempo haba estado

viviendo en USA antes de
mudarse a Australia?

He had been practicing in Haba estado practicando en

the USA for 10 years
US por 10 aos antes de volver
before he came back to
a Polonia.
Poland.

That explains why he was so

good when he came back to
Poland. When he first left
Poland, he was terrible!

How long had you been

waiting before they
arrived? I had been
waiting since 2 o'clock.

Por cunto tiempo habas

estado esperando antes que
llegasen? Haba estado
esperando desde las 2.

I wonder which one of us had

to wait at the station the
longest.

Patrick failed his maths

exam because he'd been
playing instead of
studying.

Patrick fracas en el examen

de matemticas porque haba
estado jugando en lugar de
estudiar.

Patrick played too much. He

did not study enough. That is
why he failed his maths exam.

Before we went to the

party we had been
waiting for you for 45
minutes.

Antes de ir a la fiesta habamos 45 minutes is a long time to

estado esperndote por 45
wait for someone! Why were
minutos.
you so late?

2.El Pasado Perfecto Continuo se usa cuando se quiere hablar de cosas que
han continuado ocurriendo por algn tiempo antes de otro evento:
Mark had been working on
this project for 3 days
before he submitted it to his
boss.

Mark haba estado trabajando en That's a lot of work for one

este proyecto por 3 das antes
project.
de entregrselo a su jefe.

He had been swimming all

day and therefore he was
very tired.

Haba estado nadando todo el

da por lo tanto estaba muy
cansado.

He was all covered in mud.

He had been playing with
his friends in the garden
again.

Estaba todo cubierto de barro.

He was in the garden long
Haba estado jugando con sus
enough to get mud all
amigos en el jardn nuevamente. over himself.

They were very unsatisfied.

The boys had clearly been
doing something totally
unrelated to what they had
been asked to.

Estaban muy insatisfechos.

They did not use the time
Claramente, los chicos haban
for the job I asked them to
estado haciendo algo que no
do.
tena nada que ver con lo que se
les haba pedido.

She had been cooking all

day again. I could see that
when I came in.

Haba estado cocinando todo el She looked tired, she still

da de nuevo. Pude verlo cuando had her apron on and the
entr.
kitchen sink was full of
unwashed plates and
saucepans.

My wife's eyes were very

glassy and shiny.

Los ojos de mi esposa estaban

muy vidriosos y brillantes.

3.

He didn't just swim for an

hour or two.

Either she'd been drinking or

she'd just woken up.

O haba estado bebiendo o

se haba levantado recin.

There is no other reason

why here eyes could look
like that.

He was pointing at his stomach

and it was obvious that he had
just been eating.

Estaba sealando su
estmago y era obvio que
acababa de comer.

Why else would he point

at his stomach like that?

Construccin

Positiva

Pregunta

Negativa

I had been studying.

Had I been studying?

I had not been studying.

You had been studying.

Had you been studying?

You had not been studying.

He / She / It had been

studying.

Had he / she / it been

studying?

He / She / It had not been

studying.

We / You / They had been Had we / you / they been

studying.
studying?

We / You / They had not

been studying.

El Pasado Perfecto Continuo sugiere que la accin continu por algn tiempo y
acab no mucho antes de otro evento, o cuando el siguiente evento comenz.
Compara el Pasado Perfecto Simple, el cual slo sugiere que la accin haba
acabado.

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