L-4/T-1/MME Date : 12/04/2010 BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA, L-4/T-1 _B. Sc. Engineering Examinations 2008-2009 Sub: MME 443 (Physical Metallurgy of Steels and Heat-Treatment) Full Marks : 210 Time : 3 Hours USE SEPARATE SCRIPTS FOR EACH SECTION SECTION — A ‘There are FOUR questions in this Section, Answer any THREE, The figures in the margin indicate full marks. 1. (a) What is meant by the term ‘controlled rolling’? Explain how grain size is controlled during controlled rolling of high-strength, low-alloy steels, 22) (b) Distinguish between ‘ausforming’ and 'isoforming’. Mention the effect of composition of the steel on ausforming. (13) 2. (@) Describe briefly how a mild steel shaft is carburized by the process of gas carburization. Discuss briefly the factors that control the flow of carbon from the surface to the interior of the shaft during earburizatiit (20) (&) Suggest a suitable heat-treatment progésé With neat sketch for the gas carburized shaft. Explain the process with detailed mictostructural-chariges)and hardness. (1s) 3. (a) Distinguish between nitriding and carbonittiding, (8) (b) With reference to the iron-nitrogen equilibrilim diagram explain how a nitrided case is formed. (20) (©) Mention the effect of alloying clement on the hardness and the depth of the nitrided case. a 4. Answer any two of the following, (17342) (a) Discuss the structure-property relationship of plain low carbon-manganese steels. (b) What types of heat-treatment are generally applied to ductile cast iron? Discuss them briefly. (©) Discuss the different morphologies of ferrite as proposed by Dube. Also discuss the growth kinetics of ferrite. AR Bea Hea TAN AAA CH I TATA I FT AAA AS AGS GIES ATM FHATETS AT OHA WIC ATGT FCS HAP AT, AALS OTAABIA A WIC GRAS FATR OF FAAS OF (Fat SIFT IRE O@)=2= MME 443 SECTION -B ‘There are EIGHT questions in this Section. Answer any SIX. The questions are of equal value. 5. What is process annealing? A severely cold worked 0.9 percent carbon steel is full annealed and process annealed. With neat sketches discuss how the microstructures and strengths of samples of these two heat treatment conditions will differ. 6. Discuss the effects of various alloying elements on the tempering behaviours of alloy steels. What do you understand by the term "secondary hardness" in alloy steels? 7. With neat sketches show the temperature dependence of the stress-strain curves for mild steel. In terms of these curves discuss the following (a) Dynamic strain aging (b) Blue brittleness. 8. Non-uniform surface hardness of hardened objects is one of the major problems for their premature failures ~ why? Mention ti€-¥asonsthat are responsible for non-uniform surface hardness and suggest for their possiblercinedies, 9. What is,critical cooling rate for any steet-to be hardened” Draw the I-T diagram of a typical eutectoid steel and then disciss the effects 6f/austenite grain sizes of steels on their critical cooling rates. 10, Draw necessary diagrams to show the effects of diameter of deformed bars on the cooling, rates from surface towards the core,..What is the inportant) information to be picked up from these diagrams for industrial applications? 11. Both annealing and normalizing heat treatments were performed on four different plain carbon steels having carbon contents, respectively, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 and 1.6%. Discuss the tensile behaviours of these four steels with their microstructures. 12. Discuss the following heat treatment related defects and give suggestions for their possible remedies. (a) Deformation and volume changes. (b) Pitting or groove type surface destruction. (©) Buming of grain boundaries. A afe af ora ror Ae STAIRS Aa, DATA cw Shas faery QAR FRITH (A) CH TETRA STAT PRCA CTC eT OF STICATA IPS ATH CIT (gaat 6 yafer) |