CLEMSON UNIVERSITY EES 4010, Section 002 Environmental Engineering EXAM ONE Posted: Tuesday, February 10, 2015 Due Date: Monday, February 16, 2015 (beginning of class) You are allowed to use the textbook, slides, notes, course documents/handouts, information at the Blackboard website, other internet websites, and other references as you wish All Students Must Work Independently Maximum Number of Points = 100 READ THE ENTIRE EXAM THOROUGHLY AND CAREFULLY! Show all of your work, state all assumptions made, and present your answers in a clear and concise manner. Verify, as appropriate, the values used in your caleulations. Answers provided without proper units will be marked incorrect le citations if using values from non-textbook sources. Do not use paper torn from a spiral notebook, When turning in your completed exam, make sure all pages have been included and staple the pages together in their proper order. Print out, sign and include this cover page with your exam. Please sign your name below after first reading, the following statement on Academic Honesty: I Have Neither Given Nor Received Any Unauthorized Aid On This Examination, Signatur Name: (please print)\/1-@ points) A student adds 2.5 g of potassium bromide to 0.5 L of distilled water. (a) Report the potassium bromide concentration using the following wi V(b) For the potassium bromide addition to water described above, write a suitable chemical reaction, List all chemical species you expect to exist in this solution at equilibrium. 10 points) Calculate the molar concentrations of all ions that will exist at equilibrium in a solution repared by adding 0.1 moles of Ca(NOs):, 0.15 moles of HCl, and 0.3 moles of CaCl to | liter of distilled water. V3. (10 points) A concentration of 40 mg/L Ca™ in solution can be reported as what molar concentration? Reported as what concentration in mg/L. as CaCOs? / 4. (12 points) One gram of copper hydroxide solids (.¢., Cu(OH),(8)) is added to one liter of water at 25°C, At equilibrium, the dissolved concentration of Cu’" in solution is 0.002 M. If pK, = 18.7 for copper hydroxide, calculate the solution pH. Vs. (15 points) A groundwater has been analyzed and found to contain 120 mg/L of bicarbonate ion and 30 mgiL of carbonate ion at 25°C. (a) What would be the calculated pH of the groundwater? (b) What would be the exact alkalinity and approximate alkalinity of the groundwater? Report your answers in both meq/L and mg/L as CaCOs. (©) Besides the ions considered above, if the only other major ion present in the water is Na” what ‘must be its concentration be in mg/L.? J & (18 points) The owner of a swimming pool desires to fill it up with three garden hoses. The dimensions of the pool are: depth = 2 m, length = 10 m, and width = 5 m. Garden hose #1 flows at 1,000 em'/min, garden hose #2 flows at 1,500 cm’/min, and garden hose #3 flows at 2,000 em*/min. To the owner’s dismay, a small crack in the pool results in leak that flows from the bottom of the pool at a rate of 1.08 m*/day. Assume the pool is empty initially and that at time zero all flows (i.e., three garden hoses and the leak) begin simultaneously. J (@) Draw a simple diagram that illustrates the scenario above. In your diagram, clearly indicate the control volume and label all inputs and outputs using typical symbols and conventions. As appropriate, include all numerical values that are known and label missing/unknown values with a question mark. (b) Write the differential form of the generalized mass balance equation for the control volume in your diagram from part (a). Clearly show all assumptions needed to simplify the equation consistent with the problem statement above. (©) Solve the mass balance differential equation and determine how long it will take to fill the pool completely.sing Excel or other appropriate software program, make a graph that shows the volume of the \water in the pool as a funetion of time from t= 0 to the fill time calculated in part (c) Obie Excel or other appropriate software program, make a graph that shows the residence time of the water in the pool as a function of time from t = 0 to the fill time calculated in part (). A) 7. (12 points) Five million gallons of treated municipal wastewater containing 200 mg/L of total dissolved solids are discharged into a river each day. The TDS concentration and flow rate in the river immediately upstream of the discharge are 10 mg/L and 10 MGD, respectively. (a) Determine the concentration of TDS in the river immediately below the point of discharge. (b) What is the mass flow (in Ib/d) of TDS in the river immediately below the point of discharge? 8. (15 points) A CMER needs to be designed to destroy a contaminant present in a waste stream. The contaminant concentration in the waste stream is 300 mg/L and the waste stream flow rate into the reactor Will be 40 m*/h. The destruction efficiency for the contaminant in the CMFR must be at least 95%, Vv (a) A sample of the waste stream was collected to test the destruction of the contaminant versus time in a laboratory batch reactor (i.e., CMBR) and the tabulated data below were obtained. From the laboratory results determine the apparent reaction order and the corresponding rate onstant and half-life for the contaminant destruction reaction. N hhat residence time and reactor volume will be needed for the CMFR to obtain the desired struction efficiency? Laboratory Test of Contaminant Destruction in a Batch Reactor Time ‘Contaminant (minutes) Concentration ee 2 300 2 234 10 _ is Bs " 142 7 Lo 30 aURC adomic easy = N44 elt) mols 2,5/Hast+ .0 21 mol M: | ,0a1 mob - 0.049 ol . 0.049 M\~ S it L WN ee Me fowa_eqit|” o.ovawCa(NOs)a <> Cae + INOs _slenoles slmoles ACI Moles) Ms co™ 1a Nov Heler ts tr 5 sis aS) mM: 1S H*, IS Clo me Calla 2 Co! +5 2d ao oo M=.3Ca™ 6c!” a, CO 14.34 mol ) NOs + .a mol i ivide ly IL ot Has Hi + 1S mol Cl 15 67 Sime 2 Me AL ght | Mo Not uw IS my Ut a Fae a Ae Fe zo. (on] ao Aut]= 6b 10M, {_——— A4 [ 9.4% x1o* rah L TaD ag UO, O78) = 4O aie Soc i are 94.1 ae ~ bo Ping ata at Pasa copper bayer de coils (Cu(OH), ) 14 adaed 40. OX rede @ DSC At eauilibriusn jee denoived Concenscadio FC" ig 0 saluhinn is 0.009M, TE pka* 16.7 tor opper ny dry tadeurodt +2 Solution pls 1O= 78 fey? 3. Tou] 7+ fou: (! oy = 10x10 y loa lio «107%oe amas 0 tall cf offense 10 ~__ 30 nal ot casioanaxe 100. a as aye Cane a Our oer 1 pogcoe ak of ta opment ween [t_are regle- as CalO niyo 1M gpd jon 1s Naty ws Abe os a! a ©) pucoanoel Nes ue 4 po THs LL \lOF engl @4 qosbonwdy 30005) 18 Vwol, - 2x10 wr L. NOtmg| C05 a ge HOS sa os Tutor) oe [eae Tito pts SAB ofp) we le Lyexor pe) THEO: 3 An uC Oi us Tow 1- TW a ine apd [suns snl Be 75080 FZ 9:20 = mec cog be ee pero Weog\* Alcor) z Teenie t| aT SMO THC rs = we ee cy WUOa) * aco 1: row d= TH+ ENa) gowe s re “Es exact oowedii'y +3084 mente LS sy sbi SM 230g GSTS 4/90 a7 Peril if00 cen Fonin Om = 1000 etry “1500 estnain + 2000 collonn ef Bax 2000 om* fini Qin = 4900 en Senin Cok" - L08m*/day Gout 19% pt | | déts 1 (00) 5 teadea. oxy 4d ona Tim * -T5O. on, Leni Qrores4S00 cow/nin ~ 750 emfnn ~ 8150 > comin 27 100,000,000 en * 880% emg ein, BECEE.CT minutes = (R.8 sags | 7 = a We ini e eyplomation\ tea ewer ean is cnt ont Flo rae in the ver ‘ L 10 eT rl velye CPreentead on of TDS 1 Ang Civer onnse ged beow pl. of age. SS Flow R/D\ MTS iamehatdy dbus pl. df dathage tla 1 meester A} Told TDS SBR seas a oF sit I. = 1S pnittin See eee te WOrag8YCO mgt) +( (Sing/d (B00 ooa/t) -| 13.83 ma/L NS ows eas) rece Caillion _Galoas Yo \ Basseaper $e Tare last) n to Ting TBR TSf eae, SHO eign uv = ws CHIRON tel satan ¥ 1S ilian eslaey “|411% Ib/den | —— sy Finds pCIIER —& Gout 4O on ¥hr ce Cin= 300 mast Coot = I5mrg/t mw Onan ie a mn#o Hayley Deutsch EES EXAM 1 time (min) time (day) Volume cm*3 Volume (m*3) Residence Time ° ° 0 0 o 1440 _0,99999936 5400000 54 0.833333333 2880 199999872 10800000 108 —1.666666667 4320 -2.99999808 16200000 162 25 5760 -3.99999744 21600000 21.6 3.333333333 7200 4.999968 27000000 27 -4.165666667 8640 5.99999616 32400000 324 5 100g —6.99999552 37800000 37.8 5,833333333 11520 7.99999488 43200000 43.2 6.666666567 12960 -8.99999424 48600000 48.6 75 14400 9.999935 54000000 54 8333333333 15840 10.99999296 59400000 59.4 9,166656667 17280 11.99999232 64800000 648 10 18720 12.99999168 70200000 702 10.83333333 20160 13.99999108 75600000 75.6 11,66666667 21600 14.9999904 81000000 a1 2s 23040 15.99998976 86400000 864 13,33333333 24480 16.99998912 91800000 918 1416566667 25920 17.99998848 97200000 97.2 1s 2666.67. 18.51850898 100000012.5 100.0000125—_15,43210069 ° ° 4500 cm*3/min 6.48 m*3/dayVolume (m3) “Resonance time (days) Volume of pool as function of time _ it | 120 10 0 i Gd a ra 10 x oe ——_—|__ — ° 5 10 5 2 Tie (doy) Sidewce -, " Reasenance Time as a function as time 16 : a4 i 4 yh i cane Nok Time (days)Time (Minutes) Concentration (me/t) 2S Log Concentration oO 300, 5.703782475 5 234 5.455321115 10 182 5.204006687 15 142 4.955827058 20 110 4.700480366 30 67 4,204692619 Concentration (mg/L) 350 = me. eet °. & 200 y= 200988 g * Ret E aso ee 2 100 *. 8 so 6 j ° 5 em, ee Time (min) Ln Concentration 5 ae ae e. ay 5 ©. Bo yeoscesz0 .* at S3 22 oa ape ° . 10 BoD! OS Time (min} 30 30 a 35 35