LESSON NOTES

Upper Beginner S1 #8
Where in Sweden Do Apples Come
From?

CONTENTS
2
2
3
3
4
5
7

Swedish
English
Vocabulary
Sample Sentences
Vocabulary Phrase Usage
Grammar
Cultural Insight

#
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SWEDISH
1.

Elsa:

Mamma, jag r hungrig. Ska vi ta snart?

2.

Emma:

Inte nnu. Hr ta ett pple.

3.

Elsa:

Tack! Mamma, var kommer pplen frn? Frn affren?

4.

Emma:

Vi kper pplen i affren, men pplet du ter nu, har vuxit p ett trd.

5.

Elsa:

Ett trd? Vad fr trd?

6.

Emma:

ppeltrd. Sdana trd som farmor har i sin trdgrd.

7.

Elsa:

Jaha.

ENGLISH
1.

Elsa:

Mom, I'm hungry. Are we going to eat soon?

2.

Emma:

Not yet. Here, take an apple.

3.

Elsa:

Thanks! Mom, where do apples come from? From the store?

4.

Emma:

We buy them at the store, but the apple that you are eating now has
grown on a tree.

5.

Elsa:

A tree? What kind of tree?

6.

Emma:

Apple trees. Like the trees grandmother has in her garden.

CONT'D OVER
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UPPER BEGI NNER S 1 #8 - WHERE I N S WEDEN DO APPLES COME FROM?

7.

Elsa:

I see.

VOCABULARY
S w e dish

English

C lass

trdgrd

garden

noun

farmor

grandmother (on the fathers

side)

noun

trd

tree

noun

att vxa

to grow

verb

hungrig

hungry

adjective

snart

soon

adverb

nnu

yet

adverb

pple

apple

noun

affr

store

noun

nu

now

adverb

SAMPLE SENTENCES
Vilken vacker trdgrd.

Var bor din farmor?

"What a beautiful garden."

"Where does your grandmother live?"

Vilket stort trd.

Det r svrt att f den hr plantan att

"What a big tree."

vxa.
"Its difficult to get this plant to grow."

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r du hungrig?

Kvinnan r hungrig. Den hungrige

mannen letar efter mat i kylskpet.

"Are you hungry?"

"The woman is hungry. The hungry man is

looking for food in the refrigerator."
Jag r ocks mycket hungrig.

Vi ska ka snart.

"I am also very hungry."

"We're going soon."

Vi mste ka snart.

Jag mste g snart.

"We have to go soon."

"I have to go soon."

Jag har inte ringt David nnu.

Det r nnu inte mycket folk hr.

"I havent called David yet."

"There are not many people here yet."

Ge mig ett pple!

Ett pple om dagen hller doktorn borta.

"Give me an apple!"

"An apple a day keeps the doctor away."

Finns det ngon affr i nrheten?

Vilken affr ska du till?

"Is there any store nearby?"

"What store are you going to?"

Jag behver g till affren.

Ska vi ta nu?

"I need to go to the store."

Shall we eat now?

Jag har inte tid nu.

Nu r det dags att ta.

"I don't have time now."

"Now its time to eat."

VOCABULARY PHRASE USAGE

farmor ("grandmother (on the father's side)")
In this lesson's dialogue, we introduced the noun farmor. Farmor corresponds to the English

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word "grandmother," but it is different in the way that it specifies that it's the grandmother on a
person's father's side. For the grandmother on a person's mother's side, you would instead
say mormor. The same goes for people's grandfathers. So, your father's father would in
Swedish be called farfar, while your mother's father would be called morfar.
trdgrd ("garden")
In this lesson, we introduced the word trdgrd. Trdgrd literally translates to "tree yard" but
corresponds to the English word "garden." Even though Swedes usually use the word
trdgrd when talking about the area in front of or behind someone's house, they sometimes
might only use the word grd ("yard").

GRAMMAR
The Focus of This Lesson Is to Learn How to Change Indefinite Nouns in the Fourth and
Fifth Declension From Singular to Plural.
Mamma, var kommer pplen frn?
"Mom, where do apples come from?"

In this lesson, we will continue to learn how to change indefinite nouns from their singular to
plural. We will look at nouns belonging to the fourth and fifth declension and how these
change in their indefinite plural form. Let us start with fourth declension nouns, which
comprise a very small portion of all nouns. Fourth declension nouns are neuter gender nouns
that end in an unstressed vowel; most commonly an -e. An example from this lesson's
dialogue is the neuter gender noun ett pple ("an apple"). To change these nouns from their
indefinite singular form to their indefinite plural form, you simply add the ending -n. Let us look
at some examples of nouns belonging to the fourth declension.
Indefinite Singular

Indefinite Plural

ett pple ("an apple")

pplen ("apples")

ett bankkonto ("a bank account")

bankkonton ("bank accounts")

ett ansikte (a face)

ansikten ("faces")

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There are also irregular nouns that belong to the fourth declension that might be good to
memorize.
Indefinite Singular

Indefinite Plural

ett huvud ("a head")

huvuden ("heads")

ett ra ("an ear")

ron ("ears")

ett ga ("an eye")

gon ("eyes")

Let us now move on to the fifth declension and look at how nouns here change from their
indefinite singular form to their indefinite plural form. Most of the nouns belonging to the fifth
declension are neuter gender nouns that end in a consonant.
An example from this lesson's dialogue is the neuter gender noun ett trd ("a tree"). The
nouns belonging to the fifth declension do not take an ending in their indefinite plural form.
Here are some more examples of nouns belonging to the fifth declension.
Indefinite Singular

Indefinite Plural

ett trd ("a tree")

trd ("trees")

ett hus ("a house")

hus ("houses")

ett namn ("a name")

namn ("names")

There are also some common gender nouns that belong to the fifth declension. You can
recognize these by the fact that they end in -are, -ande, and -er, which denote people. Let us
look at some examples.
For Example:
Indefinite Singular

Indefinite Plural

en lrare ("a teacher")

lrare ("teachers")

en lkare ("a doctor")

lkare ("doctors")

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en arbetare ("a worker")

arbetare ("workers")

CULTURAL INSIGHT
Are You an Apple Thief?

In this lesson's dialogue, Emma tells her daughter Elsa about the apple trees in her
grandmother's garden. In Sweden, it's not unusual for people with gardens to have different
kinds of fruit trees such as apple trees, pear trees, and plum trees. Many Swedes also enjoy
making things of the fruit, such as jam, cider, and cakes. However, all of these lovely fruit can
become a temptation, and a quite common activity among children and youth is to steal the
fruit. The activity of stealing fruits from people's trees is such a well-recognized activity that it
actually has its own verb, att pall, meaning "to steal," but we only use it when we are referring
to the stealing of fruits.

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