A Matlab/Octave Simulation Workbench For Multi-Antenna Software Defined Radio

A Matlab/Octave Simulation
Workbench for
Multi-Antenna Software Defined Radio
Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang
Electronic System Design and RaMSiS
Department of Electronic, Software and Computer Systems (ECS)
School of ICT
KTH - Royal Institute of Technology
Stockholm, Sweden
Outline
Background & Motivation

System Model
File Structure
Case Study
A newer version
Future work
KTH/ICT/ECS
Outline

System Model
File Structure
Case Study
A newer version
Future work
KTH/ICT/ECS

What do we have...
A multitude of wireless and wireline standards: GSM
900/1800/1900/GPRS/EDGE, WLAN a/b/g/n, WCDMA
HSPA/B3G, WiMax fixed wireless/mobile, 4G, VDSL2,
Bluetooth2, RFID, UWB, etc
Wireless channel fading, co-channel and adjacent
channel interference, path loss etc
Wireline channel near and far end cross-talk, path
loss etc
KTH/ICT/ECS

What do we have...
HSDPA/B3G, WiMax fixed wireless/mobile, 4G, VDSL2,
loss etc
What do we want...
Compatible and reconfigurable systems
Adaptive systems, depending on channel conditions,
customer requirements etc
KTH/ICT/ECS

What do we have...
HSDPA/B3G, WiMax fixed wireless/mobile, 4G, VDSL2,
loss etc
What do we want...
Compatible and reconfigurable systems
Adaptive systems, depending on channel conditions,
customer requirements
***** Software Defined Radio SDR *****
KTH/ICT/ECS

A reconfigurable adaptive system
TX
preambler
RX
KTH/ICT/ECS

TX
RX
Est H
KTH/ICT/ECS

TX
RX
feedback
Adaptive
System
KTH/ICT/ECS

data
TX
RX
Adjust
rate/power with
feedback CSI
CSI: Channel State Information

KTH/ICT/ECS
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Outline

System Model
File Structure
Case Study
A newer version
Future work
KTH/ICT/ECS
11
System Model
Goals:
Make a reconfigurable workbench that supports
different standards and algorithms
Adaptive systems that maximize data rate
under a certain target BER
Monte-Carlo simulation to get average results
loop over different SNR points
loop over a large number of channel realizations
random source data bits
KTH/ICT/ECS
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System Model
Solution:
Split functionality into generic function blocks
Module blocks
Sub-Module blocks
KTH/ICT/ECS
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System Model
Transmit & receive
data, log the
information, such as:
source data bits,
received bits, etc.
Control flow for Monte-Carlo Simulation
Setup
done?
No
Yes
System Setup:
prepare the
parameters
Run
Wrapup
Wraup and calculate

the results, e.g. BER,
SNR, throughput, etc
KTH/ICT/ECS
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System Model
Modules
SOURCE: Generate data bits or extract data bits from
pictures, videos, audio files etc.
TX: Preprocess the signal and prepare for transmission.
CH: Generate channel and calculate the received signal.
RX: Postprocess the signal and detect the transmitted bits.
Reconstruct the pictures, videos, audio files etc.
SINK: Compute and show simulation results, in table format
and/or graphically.
KTH/ICT/ECS
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System Model
Sub-Modules
TX/RX
Bit Processing Unit (BPU_T/R), e.g. encoder, interleaver.
Symbol Processing Unit (SPU_T/R), e.g. modulator, precoder.
Digital Radio Unit (DRU_T/R), e.g. FFT, interpolation, DAC.
Analog Radio Unit (ARU_T/R), e.g. IF2RF, PA, filtering
Estimation and Adaptation Unit (EAU_T/R), e.g. channel
estimation, adaptive power allocation , bit-loading
KTH/ICT/ECS
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System Model
Sub-Modules
CH
Forward channel (FCH)
Reverse channel (RCH)
Generate channel (GCH)
Estimate channel (ECH)
KTH/ICT/ECS
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System Model
Models
Called by Modules/Sub-modules to perform the basic signal
processing. Includes a default parameter file.
Common interface
[outData, model_d, model_s] = model (phase, model_d, model_s, inData)
Generic parameters
stored in the corresponding .ini file:
scrambler.ini
% Generating polynomial
polynomial=[1,0,0,1,0,0,0,1]
% Frame counter
frameCounter = [0,1,0,0]
KTH/ICT/ECS
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Outline

System Model
File Structure
Case Study
A newer version
Future work
KTH/ICT/ECS
19
File Structure
KTH/ICT/ECS
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Current status
First alpha release available
(1.0alpha1)
Implemented standards: 802.11a,b,g,n
Ongoing: GSM, VDSL2, WiMAX, RFID
Planned: WCDMA, TDD-CDMA, DVBT/H/RCT, Bluetooth2, 4G
PC/*NIX+Matlab/Octave: least common
denominator, coding rules, templates
Licence: GNU General Public License
version 2 or later: TBD
KTH/ICT/ECS
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Outline

System Model
File Structure
Case Study
A newer version
Future work
KTH/ICT/ECS
22
Case Study
MIMO-OFDM to maximize data rate under target BER.
4x4
SVD,WF,STBC (GSTBC),BF
64 subcarriers with 48 used, 4 pilots and 12 zero carriers
Adaptive modulation using M-QAM with M={0,2,4,16,64}
Deterministic spatial-temporal channel model [1]
Target BER 0.1%
[1] Jinliang Huang A Matlab/Octave Simulation Environment for SDR with application to OFDM
and MIMO, Master thesis, IMIT/LECS, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden, 2005.
KTH/ICT/ECS
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Case Study
KTH/ICT/ECS
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Case Study
KTH/ICT/ECS
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Outline

System Model
File Structure
Case Study
A newer version of SDR_WB
Future work
KTH/ICT/ECS
26
A newer version
Old workbench...
One scenario is simulated:

Adaptive systems with full
Channel State Information
(CSI) at TX
Full CSIT is used to maximize
the data rate
Only Rayleigh fading channel is
considered
Data length is fixed
New one...
Two scenarios are simulated:

Non-adaptive systems&
Adaptive systems
Adaptive systems may have
partial or full CSIT
Adaptive systems can
minimize BER or maximize
data rate
Both Rayleigh and Ricean
fading are included
Data length is flexible
KTH/ICT/ECS
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A newer version
Old workbench...

(CSI) at TX
the data rate
considered
New workbench...

Adaptive systems
data rate
fading are included
KTH/ICT/ECS
28
A newer version
Old workbench...

(CSI) at TX
the data rate
considered
New workbench...

Adaptive systems
data rate
fading are included
KTH/ICT/ECS
29
A newer version
Old workbench...

(CSI) at TX
the data rate
considered
New workbench...

Adaptive systems
data rate
fading are included
KTH/ICT/ECS
30
A newer version
Old workbench...

(CSI) at TX
the data rate
considered
New workbench...

Adaptive systems
data rate
fading are included
KTH/ICT/ECS
31
Scenario_Blind
NOTE
Delay: if the RX used
outdated CSI to detect
the signal
Scenarios for non-adaptive systems

Block 1
No DELAY
CH Estimation
Data Transmission
Block 2
CH Estimation
Data Transmission
CH
Block1
DELAY
CH Estimation
Data Transmission
chestimation_time
CH
block_length
H(1)
H(2)
channel_duration
channel_duration = block_length + chestimation_time ?

KTH/ICT/ECS
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Scenario_CSI
NOTE
F: feedback CSI
Scenarios for adaptive systems

No DELAY
CH Estimation
Data Transmission
CH Estimation
Data Transmission
CH
block_length
DELAY
CH Estimation
Data Transmission
CH
chestimation_time feedback_delay
H(1)
H(2)
channel_duration
channel_duration = block_length + chestimation_time...

+feedback_delay ?
KTH/ICT/ECS
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Data structures
Data to be transmitted at one time is a block

Inside a block, data is packed into frames
Data Block transmitted at time n
Frame 1
Data Block transmitted at time n+1
Frame 2
frame_length
Frame 1
Frame 2
block_length
block_length = frame_length x nr_frame
KTH/ICT/ECS
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Outline

System Model
File Structure
Case Study
A newer version
Future work
KTH/ICT/ECS
35
Future work
Implement more algorithms and more
standards VBLAST, GSM, WCDMA, WiMAX,
DVB-T/H/RCT, VDSL2, RFID, 4G
Add more channel models, e.g. 802.11
reference channel model
Use preambler data and pilots for channel
estimation
Add link layer functionality -> real applications
Hardware implementation of BB functions in
FPGAs etc!
KTH/ICT/ECS
36
Thank you for your attention!!

Questions?
KTH/ICT/ECS
37

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A Matlab/Octave Simulation

Background & Motivation

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Background & Motivation

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Background & Motivation

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Background & Motivation

Background & Motivation

Background & Motivation

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Background & Motivation

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Background & Motivation

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Background & Motivation

CSI: Channel State Information

Background & Motivation

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Split functionality into generic function blocks

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Control flow for Monte-Carlo Simulation

Wraup and calculate

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Background & Motivation

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Background & Motivation

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

MIMO-OFDM to maximize data rate under target BER.

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Background & Motivation

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

One scenario is simulated:

Two scenarios are simulated:

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

One scenario is simulated:

Two scenarios are simulated:

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

One scenario is simulated:

Two scenarios are simulated:

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

One scenario is simulated:

Two scenarios are simulated:

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

One scenario is simulated:

Two scenarios are simulated:

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Scenarios for non-adaptive systems

channel_duration = block_length + chestimation_time ?

Scenarios for adaptive systems

channel_duration = block_length + chestimation_time...

Data to be transmitted at one time is a block

Data Block transmitted at time n

Data Block transmitted at time n+1

block_length = frame_length x nr_frame

Svante Signell, Jinliang Huang

Background & Motivation