DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS END OF SEMESTER I EXAMINATION PC1431 PHYSICS IE November 2009 ~ Time allowed: 2 hours INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES L Matriculation No: ‘This examination paper contains six (6) short questions in Part I and three (3) long questions in Pact IT ‘The three long questions are on separate sheets of paper Answer all questions. Part I carries 40% of the total mark and Part IT carries 60%. ‘The answers to all questions are to be written in the space provided in the question booklet itself and only this question booklet should be submitted at the end of the examination. Blank pages (pages 16 - 24) are provided at the end of this question booklet and can be used if additional space is needed for any question. Please indicate the question and part numbers clearly ‘Some useful information is given on page 2 of this question booklet Question | MarksUSEFUL INFORMATION YOU MAY NEED: Free-fall acceleration, g = 9.80 ms? Gas constant, R= 8.314 K mol Gravitational constant, G = 6.67« 10°!" N m?kg™ Standard atmospheric pressure, 1 atm =1.013%10° Nm” Moment of inertia of a solid cylinder about its long axis of symmetry is 7 -4 MR?aoe PCI431 ~ PHYSICS IE PARTI This part of the examination paper contains six shortanswer questions from pages 3 to 8. | 4 marks each. Answer all questions. The answers for each question are to be written in | the space below the question on this question booklet itself. 1. A dSckg ice-skater moving at 10 mis is picked up by her 75-kg partner, who is skating in the same direction at 18 m/s. They then move off together. {a) What is the velocity of their centre of mass (i) before and (ii) after he picks her up? (©) During a brief period of 0.10 second, they crash into a barrier. What is the average force exerted on the barrier? ANSWER: mx, # Ma, a xX, = —— ) om men, a (m % cA Speed of A? New® E * mam, (Met Oe 4s() + #5(1) sto) + #5) us FS 1 mes (m, : rm) = Sms a Sone, betve ond afer (1500) 980") J-2 910 Thonge hm 6) Ag. Farce = ogee, . = 1%, 000 N2. Two spherical asteroids have the same radius R. Asteroid | has mass M and asteroid 2 has mass 2M. The two asteroids are released from rest with distance 10R between their centres. What is the speed of each asteroid just before they collide? Al SWE)“se 3. A solid cylinder of mass 1.00 kg and radius 1.41 m is rotating anti-clockwise in a uniform V groove with constant angular acceleration @. = 1.00 s“, as shown in Figure I Figure | The coefficient of kinetic friction between the cylinder and each surface is 0.500 What torque must be applied to the cylinder to keep it rotating at constant «? ANSWER: Vertical fires: 1, 045 FM, BAUS pn, a3 =pH,an YS my =O i (ne, tama) = mg A, (144) tHy(I-a) > fomg : — sn, 20.50, = 9B * BEF Homa fares: AOSUS MOUS ~ Any 8 US —Hhyens 8 =O RM AN, Aas) 0 (rH) Aol va) = — @) Ssh @) molt): |.5(3ty) p0-Sty > EF fy 229 PYN 9, = 6322 he Tenge, 0 > anyR wha REM T~ bUE (05) (839242: FU) = 4 (1 @) (bet) Cem) T = 6.81 Nm, xaoe 4. A dog of mass m is standing on the edge of a stationary horizontal turntable of rotational inertia / and radius &. The dog walks once around the circumference of the turntable, as shown in Figure 2. dog: = o Bag t Beebe =2If, Figure 2- Top view What fraction ofa full circle does the dog’s motion make with respect to the ground? Express your answer in terms of m, 7, and R. Ignore friction at the axle of the turntable. rate ~ 27 ay 0+ ~ LSeaig 1 WR? Baty — & Jct G) mb Cl: CQ =~ Z(2N~ Bag) + MR? Bdeg O =~ 20E + (LemR*) Boog = 2ar doy = Ty mR™ Zz troctm of a arele, to THAR y“Te 5. A 5.0-litre gas tank holds 1.90 moles of helium (monatomic) and 0.900 moles of oxygen (diatomic), at a temperature of 310 K, The atomic masses of helium and oxygen are 4.00 g/mol and 16.0 g/mol, respectively. (a) Determine the total mass of the gas in the tank in grams. (b) Calculate the total random translational kinetic energy of the gas in the tank, in kJ. (©) What is the ratio of the rms speed of helium to that of oxygen? ANSWE 2) Helun, m= Mid = 4.0 gh! x 1.90 wo] = 7-609 x 286 Oxygen, — y= 2x16 0 x 0.90 ee 9 w 4) Toh! nuke of woes = 1.904 0.900 > 2.80 wol E,= 2arzT = 3 (2.60)(8.31) (310) = 10-8 ky €) Molor mass af oxygen molecule, My, = 10x 2 > 32.0 9m] My = 4. g/hol vie) eT eo (a a a, yen | x ms oe8. 6. An adiabatic process is performed on 15.0 moles of an ideal gas, The initial temperature is 320K and the initial volume is 0.800m'. The final volume is 0.400 m°. The adiabatic constant for the gas, y = 1.44. (a) Determine the molar heat capacity at constant volume. (b) Determine the work done by the gas in the process. ANSWER: T,>320K, Y= 98D mS) nels.O , ¥al4F v2 0.40m> , G Ree 2) Hr Z Telays 2 = oe (Lay -) cy * cy = 4) rc } pyle — Ty" canskel = 7, eT) = 240 uf at GR tl] CXE rR(antt) | ae ber a R(castel ) | ” 0 7 = Is(ato) n2gf = -3-0LxIO° J. x END OF PARTI=e PC1431 ~ PHYSICS IE PART IL | This part of the examination paper contains three long questions 7, 8 and 9 given on these | Separate sheets of paper. 12 marks each. Marks allocated to each part of a question are given within the square brackets. Answer all three questions,” The answers are to be written in the space provided in the question booklet itself. 7. A block of mass m = 600 g is attached to a horizontal ideal spring as shown in Figure 3. The block is released from a distance A= 4.50 em from the equilibrium position and it is found to oscillate with a period of 0.500 s. a0 t t—A—>| Figure 3 (a) Suppose friction between the surface and the block is negligible, but air resistance acts on the block such that it oscillates with decreasing amplitude. If after five oscillations, its total mechanical energy is about 10% of its original value, sketch with reasonable accuracy, the graph of displacement of the block x with time f, for the interval 0 <1<3.05 BI (b) For this part, you may assume that air resistance is negligible but friction between the surface and the block has to be taken into account, The coefficients of static and kinetic friction between the surfaces are 0.300 and 0.200 respectively. Where will the block eventually come to rest when released 4,50 em from its equilibrium position as originally stated? (4 (©) During the oscillation, a mass of 200 g is dropped vertically on the block. Assume that they stick together, and both the friction between the block and the horizontal surface, and the air resistance are negligible. What are the new amplitude and period of oscillation if @ the dropped mass sticks to the block when the block is at its maximum displacement, that is, when its displacement from the equilibrium position, x=4.30em, (ii) the dropped mass sticks to the block when the block is at its equilibrium position, that is, x= 0, (5)8.(a) ) 9.) 0) 2. A body of mass m and radius 2 is rolling, without slipping, with centre-of-mass speed vona horizontal surface. It then rolls up a fixed plane, inclined at an angle @ to the horizontal, to a maximum height h. If h=7v?/10g, what is the body’s moment of inertia about the rotational axis through its centre of mass? BI A board lies on top of two uniform cylinders that lie on a fixed plane, inclined at an angle 6 = 30.0" to the horizontal, as shown in Figure 4 Figure 4 ‘The board has mass 11.0kg, and each of the cylinders has mass 5.50kg. The system is released from rest. If there is no slipping between any of the surfaces, caleulate (i) the acceleration of the board. (3 {ii) all the static frictional forces present. 4 An ideal Carmot engine operates between reservoirs having temperatures of 125°C and ~20.0°C., In each cycle the heat expelled by this engine is used to melt 30.0 g of ice at 0.00°C, The latent heat of fusion of water is 3.34%10° J/kg. i) How much heat per cycle does this engine absorb at the hot reservoir? 2) Gi) How much work does this engine do in cach cycle? eal One mole of an ideal gas goes through a process abc. In state a, the pressure of the gas is p, and it occupies a volume of V. It then undergoes an isothermal expansion to state 5 that triples its volume, followed by an isobaric compression back to its original volume at state c. (i) Sketch the process abc on a pV diagram, (1) (i) Derive an expression for the net work done by this gas in the entire process. [3] (iii)Derive an expression for the entropy change of the gas in the entire process, [4] END OF PART ILOn ewe 4 fin get amv" = (ge tm )v™ 2) Tio ongy = 4 Ta? + fav = AT Eo nope Mox kant, h 199) a-& 7 Heinle nig) - aor zim = gm 2 -(8-$)n = $n cra ook y +) M=UOlg, m= 5.50 lg Ges 1h tyne ma — Bye: KE Ca = OR ff, > 4ma 0) fk ch See Me f —w AL> Mast ~ 24, = Mn) OO ag = Jima ~ mg 300 Subs m (3) Mgsn 8 ~ gnerngen on 2.Mgsn 8 - na tage ~ 19 2 (al 3a) 4 2.gsmo (M+) Byoe( Hen) 20 ARLES D2 2 bn Wy ae. MEM, aeThe bowed =24> 5.35 ms? i) af, = Zmo-mgsn § = 3-5) [26- (re1)en se ] f= “TIEN y £52 f- dma 2-49.18 - 36S) (2-66) = 16. 95 Ne 4) 2) T, 195°C = 398K, T= “20% = 253K m= 30x07 L= 3.34% xjo° Tk 9, 9 1) Qe mL = (0,020 T 5 asses Gaol efrrmy = @ = BES = 0. 364 yy Als, _j- bel » =I a) o.3y =| - ee 212? . 0, 6356 Q 2 HST y w i) e-@ y Ve oS) Oi aes 5738 Jyii) Dro Hermal Werk , Wy = RT Inve fant hv oo Th3 fr 2 PVh3 Process be, amprsin, Work = +p (v-3v) = -2pV focess ca, Wg =O Totel work m a cycle, We Wat Wy, +t Weg = Pvh3 ~ 2pV+0 = PV(h3 - ( oe ii) as,> [# - fees T T ab is itofheme), AU =0, Teanlat: AS. A dW * = Wy > a ARTS T FDR fe [ise [ = aRn3 = Rhn3‘be. WS, 2 OG, ne + [£av 5 che + [pFav v Th dy 0G he + on [fF “ 3V I a 2 0 Cul of Rh eACy fp + Ring = Cy In Be akin § i aa oe AS = naht (Ger)=0