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Overview of Animal and Plant Cell Structures

An animal cell contains a cell membrane that forms the outer covering and is semipermeable. Inside the cytoplasm, various organelles are suspended, including the nucleus that contains DNA to direct cell activities. Other organelles include centrioles to organize cell division, the endoplasmic reticulum network for membrane functions, Golgi complex for storage and packaging, lysosomes for digestion, microtubules for structure, mitochondria for energy production, and ribosomes for protein synthesis. A plant cell has a rigid cell wall on the outside of the cell membrane. Inside the cytoplasm are organelles including the nucleus for DNA, chloroplasts for photosynthesis using chlorophyll, mitochondria for respiration, vacuoles for storage, Golgi

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46 views2 pages

Overview of Animal and Plant Cell Structures

An animal cell contains a cell membrane that forms the outer covering and is semipermeable. Inside the cytoplasm, various organelles are suspended, including the nucleus that contains DNA to direct cell activities. Other organelles include centrioles to organize cell division, the endoplasmic reticulum network for membrane functions, Golgi complex for storage and packaging, lysosomes for digestion, microtubules for structure, mitochondria for energy production, and ribosomes for protein synthesis. A plant cell has a rigid cell wall on the outside of the cell membrane. Inside the cytoplasm are organelles including the nucleus for DNA, chloroplasts for photosynthesis using chlorophyll, mitochondria for respiration, vacuoles for storage, Golgi

Uploaded by

Nicole Catolico
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Animal cell

Cell membrane - forms the outer covering of the cell, and is semipermeable.
Cytoplasm - is a gel-like matrix where all the other cell organelles are
suspended inside the cell.
Nucleus - contains the hereditary material DNA and directs the activities of
the cell.
Centrioles - organize the microtubules assembly during cell division.
Endoplasmic Reticulum - are a network of membranes composed of rough
and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Golgi complex - is responsible for storing, packaging of cellular products.
Lysosomes - are enzyme sacs, that digest cellular wastes.
Microtubules - are hollow rods, function primarily as support and shape to
the cell.
Mitochondria - is the site for cellular respiration and producers of energy.
Ribosomes - are made of RNA and proteins, and are sites for protein
synthesis.
Nucleolus - is the structure within the nucleus and helps in synthesis of
ribosomes.
Nucleopore - is the tiny hole in the nuclear membrane, allows the
movement of nucleic acids and proteins in/out of the cell.
Plant cell
Cell wall is the outermost rigid covering of the plant cell. It is a salient
feature of plant cell.
Cell membrane or the plasma membrane is the outer lining of the cell
inside the cell wall.
Cytosol or cytoplasm is the gel-like matrix inside the cell membrane which
constitutes all other cell organelles.
Nucleus is the control center of the cell. It is a membrane bound
structure which contains the hereditary material of the cell - the DNA
Chloroplast is a plastid with green pigment chlorophyll. It traps light energy
and converts it to chemical energy by the process of photosynthesis.
Mitochondria carries out cellular respiration and provides energy to the
cells.
Vacuoles are the temporary storage center of the cell.

Golgi body is the unit where proteins are sorted and packed.
Ribosomes are structures that assemble proteins.
Endoplasmic reticulum are membrane covered organelles that transport
materials.

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