Cc dng bi tp v amin

Dng 1: S ng phn ca amin n chc

Vi amin no, n chc mch h : CnH2n + 3N
Tng s cng thc cu to 2 ( n -1 )
Tng s cng thc cu to bc 1 : 2( n 2)
Tng s cng thc cu to bc 2 :
V d: Cho amin no n chc c %N = 23,72% . Tm s ng phn bc 3 ca amin
A. 1
B.2
C.3
D.4
PP: amin no n chc => CT: CnH2n+3N
MN.100% 14.100%
%N =

23,72% Gii ra c n = 3
Ma min
14n 17
CT : C3H7N2 => C ng phn bc 3 l 1
Dng 2: So snh tnh baz ca cc amin
(Rthm)3N < (R thm)2NH < RthmNH2 < NH3 < Rno NH2 < (Rno)2NH < (Rno)3N
Ch rng vi gc Rno cng cng knh th nh hng khng gian ca n cng ln lm cn tr qu trnh
H tin li gn nguyn t N nn (Rno)2NH < (Rno)3N s khng cn ng na.
+

V d 1: So snh tnh baz ca cc hp cht hu c sau: NH3 , C2H5NH2 , CH3NH2 , C6H5NH2 ,

(C6H5)2NH , (C2H5)2NH , C6H5 CH2NH2 ?
(C2H5)2NH > C2H5NH2 > CH3NH2 > NH3 > C6H5> CH2NH2 > C6H5NH2 > (C6H5)2NH
V d 2: Cho cc cht: (1) amoniac. (2) metylamin.
(3) anilin.
(4) dimetylamin.
Tnh baz tng dn theo th t no sau y?
A. (1) < (3) < (2) < (4).
B. (3) < (1) < (2) < (4).
C. (1) < (2) < (3) < (4).
D. (3) < (1) < (4) < (2).
Amoniac : NH3 ; metyamin : CH3NH2 ; anilin : C6H5NH2 ; dimetyl amin : CH3 NH CH3
Da vo tnh cht trn : anilin c vng benzen(gc phenyl) => Tnh bazo yu nht
NH3 mc trung gian > C6H5NH2
Amin bc I (CH3NH2) < Amin bc 2 (NH3 NH NH3)
=> Th t : C6H5NH2 < CH3 < CH3NH2<(CH3)2NH
Dng 3: Xc nh s nhm chc :
nH
Nu bi cho s mol amin v s mol axit (H+) lp t s : S nhm chc =
nAmin
Nu amin ch c 1N => s chc = 1
V d: trung ha 50 ml dd amin no , (trong amin c 2 nguyn t Nito ) cn 40 ml dd HCl 0,1 M . CM
ca imetyl amin dng l :
A.0,08M
B.0,04M
C.0,02M
D.0,06M
Amin c 2 N => amin c s chc = 2 ADCT : namin = nHCl/2 = 0,002 mol => CM amin = 0,04 M
Dng 4 : Xc inh cng thc ca amin da vo phn ng chy

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y
t
y

CxHyNt + x O2 xCO2 + H2O + N2

4
2
2

nO 2 phan ng = nCO2 +

1
H2O
2

t amin no 2 chc ta c :
mamin = mC

mH

mN

Lu y: Khi t chay 1 amin ngoai khng khi thi:

nN2 sau phan ng = nN2 sinh ra t phan ng t chay amin + nN2 c sn trong khng khi
V d 1: t chy hon ton amol hh X gm 2 amin no n chc lim tip nhau thu c 5,6 lt CO2
(ktc) v 7,2 g H2O . Gi tr ca a l :
A. 0,05 mol
B.0,1 mol
C.0,15 mol
D.0,2 mol
Tm CT 2 amin ?
Li gii
AD CT : namin = (nH2O nCO2)/1,5
= (0,4 0,25)/1,5 = 0,1 mol
nCO 2 0,25

2,5 => Amin c CT : CnH2n+1NH2

CT amin : n =
na min
0,1
n = 2 v n = 3 :C2H5NH2 v C3H7NH2
V d 2 : t chy hon ton V lit amin X bng lng O2 to 8V lit hn hp gm kh CO2, N2 v hi
nc ( cc th tch kh o trong cng iu kin. Amin X tc dng HNO2 nhit thng to kh N2. X
l
A. CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2
B. CH2=CH-CH2-NH2
C. CH3-CH2-NH-CH3
D. CH2=CH-NH-CH3
Li gii
Do X tc dng HNO2 nhit thng to N2, nn X l amin bc 1 ( loi C, D)
t X : CxHyN.
C3HyNt

(x + y/4 )O2

3CO2 +

H2O +

3V

N2
V

Ta : 3V + + V = 8V suy ra y = 9 suy raCTPT ca X : C3H9N chn A

V d 3 : t chy hon ton amin X thu 4,48 lit CO2 (kc) v 6,3 gam nc. Tnh th tch khng kh ti
thiu t X ?
A. 24 lit
B. 34 lit
C. 43 lit
D. 42 lit
Li gii
Ta c
v
Nn

suy ra Vkhng kh = 5.22,4.0,375 = 42lit

Dng 5: Cho amin tc dng vi dd mui ca kim loi

Mt s mui d to kt ta hidroxit vi dd amin
V d: AlCl3 + 3CH3NH2 + 3H2O Al(OH)3 + 3CH3NH3Cl
Lu y: Tng t nh NH3 cc amin cung to phc cht tan vi Cu(OH)2, Zn(OH)2, AgCl
V d: Khi sc kh CH3NH2 ti d vo dd CuCl2 th ban u xut hin kt ta Cu(OH)2 mu xanh nht, sau kt
ta Cu(OH)2 tan trong CH3NH2 d to thnh dd phc [Cu(CH3NH2)4](OH)2 mu xanh thm.

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2CH3NH2 + CuCl2 + H2O Cu(OH)2 + 2CH3NH3Cl

Cu(OH)3 + 4CH3NH2 [Cu(CH3NH2)4](OH)2

Dng 6: Cho amin tc dng vi HCl: (PP Gii bi tp dng tng gim khi lng)
Vi amin A, c a nhm chc, gi s amin bc I
R(NH2)n + a HCl R(NH3Cl)a
S chc amin: a =

nH Cl
nA

nh lut bo ton khi lng cho ta : mamin + mHCl = mmui

nh lut tng gim khi lng cho ta :
Lu : thng thng ta gii l amin no, nu v nghim mi xt trng hp khc
V d: cho 10 gam amin n chc X tc dng HCl d thu 15 gam mui. S cng thc cu to ca X l ?
A. 8
B. 7
C. 5
D. 4
Li gii
CnH2n +1NH2 +
HCl
CnH2n +1NH3Cl
S mol amin = s mol HCl =
MX = 14n + 17 =

mol

= 73 suy ra n = 4 suy ra s cng thc cu to = 2( 4 1) = 8 chn A

BI TP P DNG
Cu 1. Cho dung dch cha 9,3 gam mt amin n chc tc dng vi dung dch FeCl 3 d thu c 10,7
gam kt ta. Vy amin l:
A. C2H7N
B. C4H11N
C. C3H9N
D. CH5N
Cu 2. Cho amin n chc X tc dng vi HNO3 long thu c mui amoni Y trong nit chim
22,95% v khi lng. Vy cng thc phn t ca amin l :
A. CH5N
B. C4H11N
C. C2H7N
D. C3H9N
Cu 3. t chy hon ton m(g) hn hp gm 3 amin thu c 3,36 lt CO2 (ktc) ; 5,4 (g) H2O v 1,12 lt kh N2
(ktc). Gi tr ca m l :
A. 3,6

B. 3,8.

C. 4

D. 3,1

Cu 4. Amin X n chc. X tc dng vi HCl thu c mui Y c cng thc l RNH2Cl. Trong mui Y,
clo chim 32,42% v khi lng. Hy cho bit X c bao nhiu cng thc cu to?
A. 5
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Cu 5. trung ha 100,0 gam dung dch cha amin X n chc nng 7,2% cn dng 100,0 ml dung
dch H2SO4 0,8M. Vy cng thc ca amin X l :
A. C3H9N
B. C4H11N
C. C2H7N
D. CH5N
Cho
100
ml
dung
dch
amin
X
n
chc
nng

1M
vo
100
ml
dung
dch HCl 0,8M, sau c
Cu 6.
cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 6,52 gam cht rn khan. Vy cng thc ca amin ban u l:
A. C3H9N
B. C6H7N
C. CH5N
D. C2H7N
Cu 7. Cho axit cacboxylic no, n chc X tc dng vi amin no, n chc Y thu c mui amoni
trong cacbon chim 36,59% v khi lng. C bao nhiu cp X, Y tha mn?
A. 5
B. 3
C. 4
D. 2
Cu 8. trung ha dung dch cha 14,9 gam hn hp hai amin no, n chc k tip nhau trong dy
ng ng cn 200,0 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,75M. Vy cng thc ca hai amin l:
A. C4H11N v C5H13N
B. C3H9N v C4H11N
C. CH5N v C2H7N
D. C2H7N v C3H9N
Cu 9. Cho 20,0 gam hn hp gm ba amin n chc, tc dng va vi dung dch HCl 1M, ri c cn
dung dch th thu c 31,68 gam hn hp mui. Th tch dung dch HCl dng l:
A. 360 ml
B. 240 ml
C. 320 ml
D. 180 ml
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Cu 10. Cho amin n chc X tc dng vi HCl thu c mui Y c cng thc l RNH3Cl. Cho 3,26
gam Y tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 thu c 5,74 gam kt ta. Vy cng thc ca amin l:
A. C3H9N
B. C6H7N
C. C2H7N
D. C3H7N
Cu 11. t chy hon ton amin n chc X thu c 1,68 lt CO2; 2,025 gam H2O v 0,28 lt N2
(ktc). Vy cng thc phn t ca amin l:
A. C3H9N
B. CH5N
C. C6H7N
D. C2H7N
Cu 12. Hn hp X gm mt amin v O2 (ly d so vi lng phn ng). t chy hon ton 100 ml hn
hp X thu c 105 ml hn hp kh gm CO2, hi nc, O2 v N2. Cho hn hp kh qua dung dch
H2SO4 c thy cn 91 ml. Tip tc cho qua dung dch KOH c thy cn 83 ml. Vy cng thc ca amin
cho l:
A. CH5N
B. C3H9N
C. C2H7N
D. C4H12N2
Cu 13. t chy hon ton amin no n chc thu c sn phm chy gm CO2, hi nc v N2 trong
N2 chim 6,25% th tch sn phm chy. Vy cng thc ca amin l:
A. C4H11N
B. C3H9N
C. CH5N
D. C2H7N
Cu 14. t chy hon ton mt amin n chc thu c sn phm chy gm CO2, H2O v N2 trong
theo t l mol CO2 : H2O = 6 : 7. Vy cng thc phn t ca X l:
A. C3H9N
B. C3H7N
C. C6H7N
D. C2H7N
15.
t
chy
hon
ton
a
mol
amin
X
thu
c
b
mol
CO
;
c
mol
H
O
Cu
2
2 v t mol N2. Trong c = a +
b + t. Hy cho bit X c th thuc dy ng ng no sau y?
A. amin no
B. amin thm
C. amin khng no
D. amin d vng
Cu 16. Hn hp X gm amin n chc v O2 c t l mol 2 : 9. t chy hon ton amin bng O2 sau
sn phm chy qua dung dch NaOH c, d, kh thot ra c t khi so vi H2 l 15,2. Vy cng thc
ca amin l:
A. C3H9N
B. C2H5N
C. CH5N
D. C2H7N
Cu 17. t chy hon ton 6,2 gam mt amin no, n chc phi dng ht 10,08 lt kh oxi (ktc). Cng
thc ca amin l :
A. C4H11N
B. C3H9N
C. CH5N
D. C2H7N
Cu 18. Khi t chy hon ton mt amin n chc X, thu c 8,4 lt kh CO2, 1,4 lt kh N2 (cc th
tch kh o ktc) v 10,125 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca X l (cho H = 1, O = 16)Chn mt p n
di y
A. C3H7N
B. C3H9N
C. C4H9N
D. C2H7N
Cu 19. Cho 0,4mol mt amin no n chc tc dng vi dd HCl (va ) thu c 32,6g mui. CTPT ca amin l:
A. CH3NH2

B. C2H5NH2.

C. C3H7NH2

D. C4H9NH2

Cu 20. t chy hon ton 1 amin no n chc, bc I, mch h thu c t l mol CO2 v H2O l 4:7. Tn gi
ca amin l:
A. Etyl amin.

B. imetylamin

C. etyl metyl amin

D. propyl amin

P N
1
D
11
A

2
D
12
C

3
B
13
B

4
C
14
B

5
C
15
A

6
D
16
D

7
B
17
C

8
D
18
D

9
C
19
B

10
C
20
A

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