nd

NOUNS (2 )

Ch. 3

First Declension Noun Endings

(CASE)

(NUMBER)

SINGULAR
Nom -a
Gen -ae
Dat -ae
Acc -am
Abl
-
Voc -a

PLURAL
-ae
-rum
-s
-s
-s
-ae

2nd Declension Noun Endings

(MASCULINE ONLY)

(CASE)

(NUMBER)

SINGULAR
Nom -us (-er, -ir)
Gen -
Dat -
Acc -um
Abl -
Voc -e (-er, -ir)

PLURAL
-
-rum
-s
-s
-s
-

Adjectives of 1st/2nd Declension

Masculine Endings

(CASE)

(NUMBER)

SINGULAR
Nom -us
Gen -
Dat -
Acc -um
Abl -
Voc -e

PLURAL
-
-rum
-s
-s
-s
-

Forming Nouns and Adjectives

NOUN = BASE + ENDING
Base = genitive singular form w/o ending
amicus, amic, m. => amicpuer, puer, m. => puerager, agr, m. => agrvir, vir, m. => virDictionary: amicus, -, m. => amic-

Forming Nouns and Adjectives

ADJECTIVE = BASE + FORM
Base = feminine nominative singular form
(usually the second one listed) w/o ending
magnus, magna, magnum => magnDictionary: avarus, -a, -um => avar-

IMPORTANT!
Adjectives must agree with the noun/pronoun
they modify in 1) GENDER, 2) NUMBER, 3)
CASE.
Do not need to agree in 1) DECLENSION, 2)
APPEARANCE.

IMPORTANT!
Examples:
Magna poena (poena, -ae, f.)
Magnus poeta (poeta, -ae, m.)
Magnus filius
Magnus vir
Magnum virum
Magnus ager
Magn agr

PRACTICE
Remember: NOUN = BASE + ENDING
Remember: ADJECTIVE = BASE + ENDING

VOCATIVE CASE
Vocative Case = address
Mom, Santas elves gave me coal tonight.
1st Declension nouns: vocative ending =
nominative ending
(voc sing = nom sing, voc pl = nom pl)
This is true for EVERY Declension/Gender
EXCEPT for 2nd Declension Masculine SINGULAR

VOCATIVE (2nd Decl. Masc.)

NOMINATIVE:
VOCATIVE:

-us
-e

-ius
-

-er
-er

(Plural: vocative = nominative)

NOTE: since adjectives use the regular us
endings, adjectives in the vocative singular
masculine take the e ending!

-ir
-ir

VOCATIVE CASE
Examples:
O magna femina (O great woman)
O magne poeta (O great poet)
O magne amice (O great friend)
O magne puer (O great boy)
O magne vir (O great man)
O magne fil (O great son)
O m amice (O my friend)

APPOSITION
Appositive: a noun placed as an explanatory
equivalent next to another noun
Often separated by commas
Nouns in apposition ALWAYS share the same
CASE!
TJ, our teacher, sat down.
TJ would be nominative case, THUS our
teacher would be nominative case.

PRACTICE
NOUN = BASE + ENDING
Base = gen. sing. form w/o ending
ADJECTIVE = BASE + ENDING
Base = fem. nom. sing. form w/o ending
VERB = STEM + ENDING
Stem = infinitive w/o -re