HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

---------------------------------------

L THANH BNH

H THNG THNG TIN DI NG TH H 4

LTE-ADVANCED
Chuyn ngnh: K thut in t
M s: 60.52.70
TM TT LUN VN THC S

H NI - 2012

LI M U
LTE-Advanced (Long Term Evolution-Advanced)
l s tin ha trong tng lai ca cng ngh LTE, l bc
chun b ln 4G. Chnh v vy, ha nhp vi xu th
chung, ti H thng thng tin di ng th h th 4
LTE-Advanced c la chn c c hi nghin cu,
tm hiu k hn v cng ngh mi ny. Vi khun kh hn
hp v thi gian v trnh , mc tiu ca n l nu ra
nhng hot ng c bn ca h thng LTE-Advanced, tm
hiu nhng cng ngh mi, nhng ci tin v cht lng
dch v m bo p ng c yu cu ngy cng cao
ca ngi dng i vi mng di ng. Ngoi ra lun vn
cn a ra nhng nghin cu v kh nng p dng trin
khai mng 4G i vi c s mng hin ti ca Vit Nam,
da trn nhng kho st nhng th nghim v trin khai
trn th gii. Lun vn s tp trung vo nghin cu kin
trc mng LTE-Advanced, cc cng ngh c s dng
trong LTE-Advanced nhm t n, thm ch vt qua
nhng yu cu ca IMT-Advanced
V ni dung, lun vn c chia lm 4 chng:

Chng 1: Gii thiu chung h thng thng tin di

ng LTE.
Chng 2: Trnh by v hot ng ca h thng
thng tin di ng LTE-Advanced, bao gm cu trc, cc
c im ni bt v s khc bit so vi h thng LTE, qua
ch ra cc vn tn ti i vi LTE p ng c
yu cu ca IMT-Advanced v cho thy LTE-Advanced l
s pht trin c ch i ca LTE.
Chng 3: y l ni dung trnh by chnh ca
lun vn. Chng 3 s trnh by v 5 thnh phn cng
ngh chnh c s dng trong LTE-Advanced nhm t
ti v thm ch vt xa nhng yu cu ca IMTAdvanced.
Chng 4: Kho st tm hiu tnh hnh th nghim
LTE-Advanced trn th gii v tm hiu kh nng trin
khai Vit Nam. Cc cuc th nghim ca cc nh mng
ln, cc hng sn xut thit b vin thng chng t
nng lc ca cng ngh LTE-Advanced v kh nng
thng mi ha LTE-Advanced n gn.

CHNG 1 - TNG QUAN V H

THNG THNG TIN DI NG LTE
1.1. Lch s pht trin ca cc h thng thng tin
di ng
Cc cng ngh thng tin di ng c chia thnh
ba th h: th nht, th hai, th ba v th t c vit tt
l 1G, 2G, 3G v 4G.
LTE l mt trong cc con ng tin ti 4G. LTE
s tn ti trong giai on u ca 4G, tip theo s l
IMT-Advanced. 3GPP bt u hng n IMTAdvance di ci tn LTE-Advanced.

1.2. Gii thiu v cng ngh LTE

LTE c xem nh l th th th t, th h tng
lai ca chun UMTS do 3GPP pht trin. Nm 2008,
phin bn pht hnh cui cng 3GPP 8, mang li nhiu
hn s ci tin i vi HSDPA v HSUPA, c xem nh
l pht hnh u tin ca LTE.

3GPP phin bn 9 tp trung vo nhng m rng i

vi LTE. Mc tiu ca LTE l cung cp 1 dch v d liu
tc cao, tr thp, cc gi d liu c ti u, cng
ngh v tuyn h tr bng thng mt cch linh hot khi
trin khai. ng thi kin trc mng mi c thit k vi
mc tiu h tr lu lng chuyn mch gi cng vi tnh
di ng linh hot, cht lng ca dch v, thi gian tr ti
thiu. Cc c im ca LTE pht hnh 9:
-

Tng tc truyn d liu:

m bo hiu sut khi di chuyn

Gim tr trn mt phng ngi s dng

v mt phng iu khin

Khng cn chuyn mch knh

ph sng t 5-100km

1.3. Kin trc mng LTE

LTE c thit k h tr cho cc dch v
chuyn mch gi, hng n cung cp cc kt ni IP gia
cc UE (User Equipment) v PDN (Packet Data Network).
Phng php chuyn mch gi cho php h tr tt c cc
dch v bao gm c thoi thng qua cc kt ni gi. Kt

qu l trong mt kin trc phng hn, rt n gin ch vi

2 loi nt c th l nt B pht trin (eNode B) v thc th
qun l di ng/cng (MME/GW - (Mobility Management
Entity/Gateway). iu ny hon ton tri ngc vi nhiu
nt mng trong kin trc mng phn cp hin hnh ca h
thng 3G

Hnh 1.1: Kin trc h thng cho mng ch c E-

UTRAN

Hnh 1.1 miu t kin trc v cc thnh phn mng

trong cu hnh kin trc tng qut mng 4G LTE/SAE c
s vi ch mng truy nhp EUTRAN. Hnh ny cng cho
thy s phn chia kin trc thnh bn vng chnh: thit b
ngi dng (UE) ; UTRAN pht trin (E-UTRAN); mng
li gi pht trin (EPC); v cc vng dch v.

1.3.1. Kin trc mng li LTE

Mng li chu trch nhim iu khin tng th UE
v thit lp cc knh mang. Cc nt logic chnh ca mng
li l:
- Thc th qun l di ng (MME)
- Cng phc v (S-GW)
- Cng mng s liu gi (P-SW)
+ Thc th qun l tnh di ng (MME): Thc th
qun l tnh di ng (MME) l thnh phn iu khin
chnh trong EPC. Cc chc nng chnh ca MME:
- An ninh v nhn thc
- Qun l di ng
- Qun l h s thu bao v kt ni dch v

+ Cng phc v (S-GW): EPC kt cui ti nt ny,

v n c kt ni n E-UTRAN thng qua giao din
S1-U. Mi UE c lin kt ti mt S-GW duy nht. SGW chnh l im neo cho c chuyn giao gia cc lin
nt B pht trin ni vng v tnh di ng gia cc mng
3GPP, v n thc hin chc nng nh tuyn v chuyn
tip cc gi tin.
+ Cng mng s liu gi (P-SW): Nt ny cho
php UE truy nhp n mng d liu gi (PDN) bng cch
gn a ch IP t mng PDN vo UE, cung cp kh nng
kt ni bo mt gia cc UE c kt ni t mt mng
truy nhp khng tin cy, khng phi ca 3GPP ti EPC
bng cch s dng cc ng hm IPSec.
+ Chc nng chnh sch v tnh cc ti nguyn
(PCRF): l mt phn t mng chu trch nhim cho vic
iu khin chnh sch v tnh cc (PCC: Plolicy and
Charging Control).
+ Server thu bao nh (HSS): L mt b lu gi s
liu thu bao cho tt c s liu c nh ca ngi s dng.
HSS lu bn sao chnh ca h s thu bao cha thng tin

v cc dch v p dng cho ngi s dng bao gm c

thng tin v cc kt ni PDN c php v c c php
chuyn n mt mng khc no hay khng.

1.3.2. Mng truy nhp E-UTRAN

Mng truy nhp ca 4G LTE, E-UTRAN, ch c
cc eNodeB. V th kin trc E-UTRAN c gi l
phng. Sau y ta xt n kin trc giao thc ca EUTRAN:
+ Mt phng ngi s dng: Giao thc mt phng
ngi dng E-UTRAN, bao gm cc lp con PDCP
(Packet Data Convergence Protocol), RLC (Radio Link
Control) v MAC (Medium Access Control).
- PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protcol: giao
thc hi t s liu gi): m bo nn tiu giao thc v
thc hin mt m ho s liu.
- RLC (Radio Link Control: iu khin lin kt v
tuyn): chu trch nhim truyn s liu tin cy, lp con
ca lp 2.

Hnh 1.2: Ngn xp giao thc mt phng ngi s dng

v iu khin
- MAC (Medium Access Control: iu khin mi
trng): chu trch nhim lp biu v pht li nhanh, lp
con ca lp 2.
+ Mt phng iu khin: Vng mu xm ch ra cc
giao thc tng truy cp. Cc lp thp hn hot ng vi
cng chc nng nh bn mt phng ngi dng, ch khc
ch l khng nn Header.

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CHNG 2 - MNG DI NG 4G
LTE-ADVANCED
2.1. S pht trin ca LTE tin ln LTE
Advanced (4G)
LTE-Advanced (Long Term Evolution-Advanced)
c xem nh l l s tin ha trong tng lai ca cng
ngh LTE, cng ngh da trn OFDMA ny c chun
ha bi 3GPP trong phin bn pht hnh 8 v 9, trong khi
LTE-Advanced c a ra trong pht hnh 10.

2.1.2. So snh cng ngh LTE-Advanced vi LTE v

nhng trin vng cho cng ngh LTE-Advanced
LTE-Advanced l m rng cho nhng gii hn ca
LTE nhm p ng c cc yu cu ca IMT-Advanced.
LTE-Advanced m rng cc c tnh ca LTE
p ng, thm ch vt qua c cc yu cu ca IMTAdvanced.
- LTE-Advanced h tr bng tn bt i xng v
bng tn ln hn (ti a l 100MHz). i vi LTE trong

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pht hnh 8, bng tn c th c kch thc khc nhau

nhng phi ging nhau i vi ng ln v ng
xung. Tuy nhin trong LTE-Advanced ca pht hnh 10,
bng tn c th thay i bi v do yu cu thc t ca cc
mng di ng, lu lng t cc trm n ngi dng bao
gi cng ln hn lu lng t ngi dng n trm.
- K thut truyn ti a ng ten m rng. LTEAdvanced s dng cu hnh 8x8 cho ng xung v 4x4
cho ng ln.

2.2. Kin trc mng LTE-Advanced

i vi h thng 4G, c giao din v tuyn v
mng truy nhp v tuyn u c m rng hoc nh
ngha li, tuy nhin i vi kin trc mng li EPC th li
khng c nhiu thay i i so vi kin trc SAE c
tiu chun ha. Do vy, trong chng ny s trnh by
kin trc E-UTRAN v cc chc nng c nh ngha
cho h thng LTE-Advanced v chc nng cc nt chnh
trong EPC, c a ra trong pht hnh 8, 9, 10.

2.2.1. Mng truy nhp LTE-Advanced E-UTRAN

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Phn li chnh ca kin trc E-UTRAN l Nt B

pht trin (eNodeB), cung cp giao din v tuyn vi mt
phng ngi s dng v mt phng iu khin kt cui
hng n UE. Giao din kt ni cc eNodeB vi nhau
c gi l giao din X2. Ngoi ra, 3GPP cng xem xt
n cc nt chuyn tip (relay) v cch thc chuyn tip
phc tp cho vic m rng hiu nng mng. Mc tiu ca
cng ngh mi ny l tng vng ph, tc d liu cao
hn v hiu nng QoS tt hn v cng bng hn i vi
cc ngi s dng khc nhau.

Hnh 2.1: Kin trc E-UTRAN ca LTE-Advanced

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Nt B pht trin cung cp E-UTRAN vi nhng

giao thc kt cui mt phng iu khin v mt phng
ngi s dng cn thit, bao gm c PDCP (giao thc hi
t d liu gi), RLC (iu khin lin kt v tuyn), MAC
(iu khin truy nhp mi trng), v cc giao thc lp
vt l (PHY). Chng giao thc mt phng iu khim c
thm cc giao thc iu khin ti nguyn v tuyn (RRC).

Hnh 2.2: Chng giao thc.

Mng truy nhp v tuyn LTE-Advanced s dng

mt kin trc phng, hon ton IP, vi ch mt loi nt
l Nt B pht trin (eNodeB). Nt B pht trin chu trch

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nhim cho tt c cc chc nng lin quan n phn v

tuyn trong mt hoc nhiu (cells). Mt nhim v c
bn ca Nt B pht trin l to ra min c 3 vng (3
sector). Nt B pht trin kt ni n mng EPC thng qua
giao din S1, c bit hn l kt ni n S-GW thng qua
giao din S1-u (phn giao din S1 cho ngi s dng), v
kt ni n MME thng qua giao din S1-c (giao din S1
mt phng iu khin). Mt Nt B pht trin c th c
kt ni n hiu MME/S-GW cho mc ch chia ti v d
phng.

2.2.2. Mng li gi pht trin EPC

Cc thnh phn chnh ca mng li pht trin EPC
bao gm: Thc th qun l di ng (MME), Cng phc v
(S-GW), Cng mng d liu gi (PDN-GW).

2.3. Tng thch ngc ca LTE-Advanced i vi

LTE.
Bn cnh yu cu c bn l cho php chuyn giao
gia cc pht hnh LTE, cc thit b LTE da trn pht
hnh 8 v pht hnh 9 cng c yu cu phi hot ng
c trong mng LTE-Advanced da trn pht hnh 10.

15

C ngha l cng ngh mi ca LTE-Advanced phi c

tnh tng thch ngc i vi LTE, gip cho cc thit b
LTE c th hot ng c. Hiu nng v tc d liu
ln nht ca cc thit b ny s khng b tc ng bi
nhng s pht trin ca LTE-Advanced nhng cc thit b
nn ch s dng nhng dch v cn thit. iu ny c th
c gii thch mt phn da vo kin trc ca mng
LTE-Advanced v LTE c nhng thnh phn tng ng.
Cc thnh phn trong mng li EPC ca LTE v LTEAdvanced u bao gm c nhng MME, S-GW, PDNGW Phn truy nhp v tuyn E-UTRAN cng ch c
mt phn t duy nht l Nt B pht trin eNodeB vi
nhng lp x l ging nhau. iu khc bit gia LTE v
LTE-Advanced ch l LTE-Advanced c cha nhng chc
nng m rng so vi LTE nh l h tr bng tn ln hn
v c th thay i i vi ng ln v ng xung;
ngoi ra, LTE-Advanced cng s dng k thut MIMO
trong vic truyn ti s liu nh LTE nhng c s m
rng kh nng c th s dng cu hnh 8x8 cho ng
xung v 4x4 cho ng ln.

16

CHNG 3 - CC CNG NGH S

DNG TRONG LTE-ADVANCED
3.1.

Kt hp sng mang v ph tn

Hnh 3.1: Kt hp sng mang trong LTE-Advanced

Kt hp sng mang (CA) l mt trong nhng chc

nng quan trng nht ca LTE-Advanced. Phng php
ca CA l m rng bng tn ti a ca ng ln v
ng xung bng cch kt hp nhiu sng mang li vi
nhau. Cc sng mang c kt hp li chnh l cc sng
mang c s trong pht hnh 8, iu ny chnh l yu t
khin cho LTE-Advanced c th d dng hn trong kh
nng tng thch ngc. Mt thit b u cui trc pht
hnh 10 c th d dng truy nhp vo mt sng mang

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thnh phn trong khi cc UE c kh nng kt hp sng

mang s hot ng trn nhiu thnh phn sng mang.

Hiu nng ca kt hp sng mang

Vic s dng kt hp sng mang em li li ch
cho hi nng ca h thng theo hai cch sau:
- Tc d liu nh tng ln khi thc hin kt hp
ph t hai hay nhiu bng tn tn s. Tc d liu nh
theo l thuyt t vic kt hp s dng kt hp sng mang
vi tng cng ph tn 40MHz v 8 ngten c th t ti
1,2Gbps cho ng xung v 600Mbps cho ng ln
(vi cng ngh truyn dn a ngten ng ln). Vi ph
tn 100MHz v 5 sng mang c kt hp, tc d liu
c th t n 3Gbps cho ng xung v 1,5Gbps cho
ng ln.
- Tng thng lng trung bnh ca ngi dung, c
bit khi s lng ngi dng l qu ln. Lp lch sng
mang chung trong Nt B pht trin cho php s la chn
sng mang ti u do dn n hiu nng tt nht v cn
bng ti tt nht gia cc sng mang.

3.2.

Kt ni chuyn tip

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Hnh 3.2: Kin trc tng quan kt ni chuyn tip

Mt trong nhng thnh phn cng ngh mi trong

pht hnh 10 cho LTE-Advanced chnh l kt ni
chuyn tip (Relay). LTE-Advanced s dng kt ni
chuyn tip tng hiu nng ca mng LTE bng bng
cch thm vo cc nt mng trong cc vng, ni c cc
vn nht nh v vng ph. Cc nt chuyn tip c
cng sut pht nh hn so vi cc Nt B pht trin c
vng ph rng ln (cc Nt B pht trin macro) v ng
trc l khng dy, do vy vic trin khai cc Nt chuyn
tip d dng hn ng k so vi vic trin khai cc Nt B
pht trin macro. Do vy, kt ni chuyn tip c th c
s dng xy dng mng LTE trn cc khu vc rt kh

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trin khai mng ng trc c dy. Nt chuyn tip

c kt ni n mt eNodeB dn (Donor eNodeB), y
l nt s chu trch nhim kt ni d liu n mng li.

Kn trc nguyn l thit k ca kt ni chuyn tip

pht hnh 10.
Vic m rng vng ph v tuyn c th c thc
hin theo nhiu cch. Mt cch trc tip c th thc hin
c l s dng cc b lp la chn tn s, n gin l
khuch i v chuyn tip tn hiu ti mt vi bng tn
nht nh no . Mt phng php khc l s dng
cc thit b nh gii m v chuyn tip tn hiu. Trong
trng hp ny, tn hin mong mun c pht hin ti
nt chuyn tip v sau c m ha tr li ri li
chuyn tip n UE hoc DeNB. Vic nt chuyn tip gii
m v truyn tip t c nhiu li ch hn so vi vic
khuch i v truyn tip, do vy loi chuyn tip L2/L3
ny c la chn. DeNB hot ng nh mt proxy v
n i s tn ti ca RN i vi phn cn li ca mng, khi
ny RN s c nhn nh l mt ca DeNB.

3.3.

a anten ng xung m rng

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MIMO m rng c xem nh l mt trong nhng

kha cnh chnh ca LTE-Advanced gip cho php h
thng p ng c cc yu cu tc ca IMTAdvanced ca ITU-R. MIMO c 3 ch hot ng
chnh, l MIMO ngi s dng n (SU-MIMO),
MIMO a ngi s dng (MU-MIMO) v MIMO cng
hot ng (Cooperative MIMO), c m t nh trong
hnh sau:

Hnh 3.3: Cc ch MIMO chnh trong LTE-

Advanced
S lng ngten trong c chiu pht v nhn c
tng ln, t cu hnh ngten MIMO 4x4 tr thnh cu hnh
ti a MIMO 8x8 c th t c tc nh cao.

21

3.4.

a anten ng ln
ng ln MIMO trong LTE pht hnh 10 h tr 2

hoc 4 ngten v cung cp tc d liu nh ln n gp

4 ln pht hnh 8.

3.5.

Truyn dn a im phi hp
Pht v nhn (truyn dn) a im phi hp

(Cooperative Multipoint Tx/Rx - CoMP

trong LTE-

Advanced c xem l cng c tng vng ph ca tc

d liu cao, thng lng bin v tng thng lng h
thng.
Nhm mc ch gim nh hng ca nhiu xuyn
tc ng ln hiu nng ca h thng, phng php truyn
dn phi hp c s dng. Truyn dn (truyn v
nhn) a im phi hp (CoMP) dng ch mt h thng
ni m cc nt ngten c phn b tch bit v mt a l
s phi hp vi nhau nhm mc ch tng hiu nng phc
v ngi dng trong mt vng cng hot ng chung.

3.5.1. Kin trc CoMP

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Phi hp hot ng gia cc Nt B pht trin c

xem l k thut rt ha hn gim xuyn nhiu gia cc
trong mng i vi c ng xung v ng ln.
CoMP c p dng trong ng xung bng cch thc
hin truyn dn phi hp t cc trm gc, trong khi xuyn
nhiu trong ng ln c th c gim bng cch nhn
phi hp t cc Ntt B pht trin. Hu ht cc phng
php CoMP chia s yu cu thng tin lp biu cn thit.
iu ny c ngha l cc lin kt tr rt thp c yu
cu gia chng thng tin c th trao i gia cc Nt
phi hp hot ng ny, yu cu tr phi c ms.
C hai loi kin trc l CoMP tp trung v
CoMP phn tn.
Trong kin trc tp trung, mt phn t trung tm
c s dng thu thp thng tin v knh t tt c cc
thit b ngi s dng trong vng c bao ph bi cc
Nt B pht trin hot ng phi hp. Khi thng tin c
thu thp, mi Nt B pht trin s chuyn tip thng tin ny
cho phn t trung tm, phn t ny s chu trch nhim
quyt nh cc tham s truyn dn v lp biu, v thng
tin mi s c gi n cho cc Nt B pht trin khc.

23

Kin trc phn tn l mt gii php khc cho vic

thc hin hot ng phi hp. Da vo gi thit rng vic
lp biu trong tt c cc Nt B pht trin l ging nhau v
thng tin knh da trn ton b s phi hp hot ng ca
cc Nt, lin kt truyn thng gia cc Nt B pht trin l
khng cn thit na. Do vy kin trc ny c mt thun
li ng k ca vic gim ti v h tng v gi ca giao
thc tn hiu lin quan n cc lin kt ny v phn t x
l trung tm. Thm na, phn hi v tuyn n mt vi
Nt c th nhn c m khng cn phi thm vo mo
u.
Thit b ngi s dng s c lng knh t tt c
cc Nt B pht trin phi hp hot ng theo cch ging
nh trong phng php tp trung. Cc c lng ny sau
s c gi li cho tt c cc Nt B phi hp hot ng
v s lp biu s c thc hin mt cch c lp nh
c m t trong hnh sau:

24

CHNG 4 - KHO ST VIC

TRIN KHAI LTE-ADVANCED
TRN TH GII V VIT NAM
4.1.

Kho st tnh hnh trin khai LTE-Advanced

trn th gii
Trc ht cn phi khng nh hin nay trn th
gii cha c nh iu hnh mng vin thng no thc hin
trin khai mng di ng th h 4 theo pht hnh 10 LTEAdvanced, tt c hin mi ch dng LTE pht hnh 8 v
9.
Thng 3 nm 2011, nh khai thc mng vin thng
ca Nht l NTT Docomo thc hin th nghim cc
cng ngh chnh ca LTE-Advanced. Docomo thc hin
th nghim lin quan n kt hp bng tn, s dng 5
knh 20MHz cho ng xung v 2 knh 20MHz cho
ng ln. Thm na, th nghim cng bao gm c vic
s dng cng ngh a ngten u vo v u ra cho c
ng xung v ng ln. Th nghim m phng ny
ca NTT Docomo t c kt qu tc 1Gbps cho

25

ng xung vi vic s dng 4 ngten ti trm gc v 2

ngten trn mi thit b di ng (s dng 2 thit b di
ng) v 200Mbps cho ng ln vi vic s dng 2
ngten pht v 2 ngten thu kt hp vi kt hp sng
mang.
Thng 6 nm 2010, Alcatel-Lucent thc hin th
nghim cng ngh truyn dn a im phi hp ca LTEAdvanced. Mc ch ca cuc th nghim l nhm m
rng hiu qu ph tn bin . Tn hiu ng ln t mt
ngui s dng c nhn bi nhiu . S kt hp nht
qun ca cc tn hiu ng ln c tp trung mt n
v trung tm, gi l Nt B pht trin LTE x l trung tm.
Thng tin gia cc trm c trao i thng qua giao din
X2

4.2.

Kh nng trin khai LTE-Advanced Vit

Nam
Nn tng cho s pht trin cc h thng 2G/3G ln
4G l s pht trin cc mng li ca h thng thng tin
di ng ti cc nh khai thc mng Vit Nam. Hu ht
cc nh khai thc mng ln Vit Nam nh VinaPhone,
MobiFone, Viettel ang dn dn pht trin thnh phn

26

mng li ca mnh tr thnh nhng mng hon ton dng

IP. Hin nay giao thc IP c s dng n tn trm
pht sng, Node B c cu hnh hon ton IP (full
IP). Hnh 4.1 m t mt kt ni hon ton IP thuc mng
li ca mt h thng mng di ng.
MSS
GARP3

ETMFG1-19

GARP2

GARP1

ETMFG1-20

GARP0

ETMFG2-19

ETMFG2-20

MGW-TSS

Hnh 4.1: Kt ni mng li cho tng i MSS/TSS mng

VinaPhone
Tuy nhin cc mng di ng ti Vit Nam pht
trin ln 4G, c bit l LTE-Advanced th cn phi c
mt chng ng thay i v pht trin rt di. Hin ti c

27

hai con ng pht trin ln h thng di ng 4G, th nht

l pht trin h thng thng tin di ng 3G/HSPA+
hin ti ln mng LTE pht hnh 8 v 9, vi t cch l h
thng tim cn 4G nhng cng c nhng pht trin rt ln
v tc d liu cao. Mng LTE ang ha hn m ra mt
c hi tng lu lng thng qua cc ng dng di ng
mi. Theo k vng th LTE s t tc trung bnh t 50100Mb/s. y l mt s gia tng ng k so vi cc h
thng 2G/3G v xa hn na l gip tng cng dung
lng truyn ti vi gi thnh thp hn t tng hiu
qu truyn ti. Hng pht trin th hai l tin thng
ln h thng 4G LTE-Advanced b qua qu trnh pht
trin ln LTE pht hnh 8 v 9 vi nhng s thay i ng
k c v thit b ln cng ngh. Hnh 4.5 v 4.6 l m t
chung cho hin trng ca mt mng thng tin di ng ti
Vit Nam.
Cc Node B c kt ni n RNC, RNC n MSS
v GSNs thng qua cc thit b truyn dn lp 2/3 l
Switch/Router v tt c hon ton s dng kt ni IP.

28

KT LUN
Cng vi nhng yu cu ngy cng tng v cht
lng v s a dng dch v ngy cng tr nn r rng
nhm cung cp nhng dch v tt nht, thun tin nht cho
khch hng. Nhu cu s dng cc dch v truy cp Internet
tc cao dnh cho cc thit b di ng s ngy cng pht
trin. V vy nghin cu v LTE-Advanced s l mt i
hi thit yu, l c s cho vic trin khai thc t.
Trong khun kh ca lun vn ny, em ch mong
mun a ra nhng vn c bn v kin trc, nguyn l
v s ci tin ca LTE-Advanced so vi h thng mng
3G hin ti v LTE, thy c LTE-Advanced l bc
pht trin trong tng lai i vi h thng thng tin di
ng trn th gii cng nh l Vit Nam. y l kt qu
ca qu trnh hc tp v vic tm hiu vn qua nhng
ti liu c lin quan t nhiu ngun t liu c tng hp
li. Tuy nhin, do trnh v thi gian c hn, n
khng trnh khi nhng thiu st. Em rt mong nhn c

29

s gp ca cc thy c gio c th hon thin thm

kin thc ca mnh.
V phng hng pht trin, em mong mun hon
thin n phm vi y hn vi vic tm hiu,
nghin cu ng dng ca h thng LTE-Advanced cng
vi vic trin khai trn thc t.