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Control Components PDF
Control Components PDF
Table of Contents
Introduction...............................................................................2
Control Circuits..........................................................................4
Electrical Symbols.....................................................................6
Line Diagrams.......................................................................... 16
Overload Protection.................................................................21
Manual Control........................................................................32
Magnetic Contactors and Starters...........................................38
Contactor and Starter Ratings..................................................43
Class 14 NEMA Starters..........................................................46
SIRIUS Type 3R Starters..........................................................47
Multi-Speed Starters...............................................................49
Reversing Starters...................................................................52
Reduced-Voltage Starting........................................................54
Lighting and Heating Contactors.............................................60
Pilot Devices............................................................................62
Control Transformers................................................................ 71
Control Relays..........................................................................72
Solid-State Switching Devices................................................. 76
Monitoring Relays....................................................................78
Time Relays.............................................................................79
Additional Devices...................................................................83
LOGO! Logic Module...............................................................85
Fast Bus Busbar Adapter System............................................87
Review Answers......................................................................89
Final Exam...............................................................................90
quickSTEP Online Courses......................................................96
Introduction
Control Circuits
Control
Automatic Operation
Control Components
Electrical Symbols
The standard method of showing contacts is to indicate the
circuit condition produced when the actuating device is in the
de-energized (off) state.
For example, in the following illustration, the contacts are part
of a relay. The contacts are shown as normally open to indicate
that, when there is no power applied to the relays coil, the
contacts are open. With the contacts open, there is no current
flow to light.
Switch Symbols
10
Pushbutton Symbols
Normally Open
Pushbutton Example
Switch is shown.
opposite of its.
normal state (NO)..
Normally Closed
Pushbutton Example
Switch is shown.
opposite of its.
normal state (NC)..
11
Coil Symbols
12
Other Symbols
13
14
15
Contact
(NO)
Abbreviations
Limit Switch
(NO)
Alternating Current
Alarm
Ammeter
Armature
Automatic
Battery
Brake Relay
Capacitor
Circuit Breaker
Circuit
Control
Control Relay
Current Transformer
Down
Direct Current
Disconnect Switch
Double-Pole
Double-Pole, Double-Throw
Double-Pole, Single-Throw
Double Throw
Forward
Frequency
Foot Switch
Fuse
Generator
Ground
Hand/Off/Auto Selector Switch
Integrated Circuit
Interlock
Instanstaneous Overload
Junction Box
Limit Switch
Lamp
Motor Starter
Motor Starter Protector
16
MTR
MN
NEG
NEUT
NC
NO
OHM
OL
PB
PH
POS
PRI
PS
R
REC
RES
RH
S
SEC
SOL
SP
SPDT
SPST
SS
SSW
T
TB
TD
THS
TR
U
UV
VFD
XFR
Motor
Manual
Negative
Neutral
Normally Closed
Normally Open
Ohmmeter
Overload
Pushbutton
Phase
Positive
Primary
Pressure Switch
Reverse
Rectifier
Resistor
Rheostat
Switch
Secondary
Solenoid
Single-Pole
Single-Pole, Double Throw
Single-Pole, Single Throw
Selector Switch
Safety Switch
Transformer
Terminal Board
Time Delay
Thermostat Switch
Time Delay Relay
Up
Under Voltage
Variable Frequency Drive
Transformer
Review 1
1.
a.
b.
c.
a.
b.
c.
a.
b.
c.
a.
17
b.
c.
Line Diagrams
Control
Wiring
Power
Wiring
Not
Connected
Connected
Indicator
(Pilot) Light
Pushbutton
L2
Pushbutton
18
Control Circuits
19
Only one control load can be placed in any one circuit line
between L1 and L2. One side of the control load is connected
to L2 either directly or through overload relay contacts.
Connecting Control Devices In the previous example, only one control device is used to
control the load. Usually more than one control device is
needed. These control devices may be connected in series,
parallel, or in a combination series-parallel circuit, depending on
the logic required to control the load.
20
Line Numbering
Because line diagrams often have multiple lines, the lines are
numbered to simplify describing the logic. For example, in
the following illustration, line 1 connects pushbutton 1 to pilot
light 1, line 2 connects pushbutton 2 to pilot light 1, and line 3
connects switch 1 to pilot light 2 and to the M contactor on
line 4.
21
Review 2
1.
Control Circuit
Control Device
Control Load
Node
Power Circuit
Power Load
c
d
a. _______
b.
_______
c.
_______
d. _______
e.
_______
f.
_______
22
Overload Protection
23
Short Circuit
E
R
I=
240 V
24
= 10 A
240 V
= 10,000 A
0.024
24
Overload Protection
25
Overload Relays
Trip Class
Overload Relay in a
Motor Circuit
OL
L1
T1
Power
Source
L2
Motor
T2
M
Starter Contracts Open
26
L1
Power
Source
L2
OL
T1
Motor
T2
M
Starter Contacts Closed
Motor
To Power Circuit
Heater Element
Bimetalic Strip
To Control Circuit
Trip Mechanism
Normal Current Flow
To Power Circuit
Motor
Heater Element
Bimetalic Strip
To Control Circuit
Trip Mechanism
Overload Condition
Ambient Compensated
Bimetallic Overload Relay
To Power Circuit
Motor
Heater Element
Primary
Bimetalic
Strip
To Control
Circuit
Compensated Overload Relay
Class 48 Ambient
Compensated Bimetallic
Overload Relay
Automatic/Manual
Reset Selection
Test Button
Reset Button
28
STOP button
Position Switch Indicator
and Test Function
Manual/Automatic Reset
Selector Switch
29
ESP200 Electronic Overload Like other electronic overload relays, ESP200 electronic
Relays
overload relays eliminate the need for heaters. Instead of
installing a heater, a dial on the overload relay is set to the
motors full-load current rating. Class 48 ESP200 electronic
overload relays, like the one shown below, have two dual
in-line package (DIP) switches accessible from the front that
simplify selection of any of four trip classes (5, 10, 20, and 30).
Additional DIP switches provide on or off settings for phase
unbalance, phase loss, or ground fault detection as well as
selection of manual or automatic reset. Also accessible from
the front are the RESET button, for use when manual reset
is selected, and the TEST button, that triggers a complete
electronic functions test. One normally open auxiliary contact
and one normally closed auxiliary contact are standard.
TRIP CLASS
20
5
30
10
ESP200
PHASE UNBAL ON
PHASE LOSS ON
RESET MODE MAN.
GROUND FAULT ON
OFF
OFF
AUTO
DIP Switches
OFF
TEST
Reset Button
Test Button
30
SIRIUS
TRIP
RESET
1 0
Class 10
A.RESET
TEST
3RB20
SIRIUS 3RB22/23
Electronic Overload Relays
SIRIUS
READY
GND FAULT
THERMISTOR
OVERLOAD
RESET
CLASS
AUTO
MAN
TEST/
RESET
31
SIMOCODE.pro.C
SIMOCODE pro C is a compact, economical system for fullvoltage forward and reversing starters. Each SIMOCODE pro C
includes a basic unit connected by a single cable to a current
measuring module. An optional operator panel may also be
connected to the basic unit.
SIMOCODE pro V is a variable system with an even greater
range of functions. In addition to a basic unit, it can include
either a current measuring module or a combination current/
voltage measuring module, up to five expansion modules, and
an optional operator panel (with or without display). Expansion
modules are available for discrete input/output, analog input/
output, ground fault detection, and temperature sensing.
SIMOCODE PRO V
DEVICE
BUS
GEN. FAULT
SIMOCODE PRO
READY
TEST/
RESET
PROFIBUS DP
SIMOCODE pro
DM 24V MO
READY
DEVICE
TM
lmax
22.68A
UL1
329V
Cos Phi
72%
P
15.700 kW
30.25A/10T Menu
BUS
GEN.
FAULT
SIMOCODE pro V
32
Review 3
1. With an increase in current, heat will _______.
a. increase
b. decrease
a. 10
b. 20
c. 30
33
Manual Control
To Motor
Basic Operation
To Motor
Overload Protection
Stationary Contacts
Moveable Contracts
Power Source
Power Source
Operating Lever
34
Switch in ON Position
L1
T1
36
Open Type
Starter
NEMA 1 Enclosure
START
START
STOP
RESET
STOP
RESET
NEMA 7 & 9
Class I Group C &D
Class II Group E, F & G
37
Max Current
at 460 VAC
Max HP
at 460 VAC
3RV101
12 Amps
7.5
3RV102
25 Amps
20
3RV103
50 Amps
40
3RV104
100 Amps
75
3RV101 with
Screw Terminals
3RV101 with
Spring-loaded Terminals
38
Spring-loaded Terminals
Insert Screwdriver to
Open Terminals
Mounting
Rail
Adapter
MSP
Link Module
Contactor
39
DC Voltage Source
(Battery)
Armature
Power Circuit
Spring
Movable Contacts
Coil
Electromagnet
Control Circuit
Stationary Contacts
Power Circuit
Line
Load
Control Signal
Contactor De-energized
41
Load
Control Signal
Contactor Energized
The following line diagram shows a contactor that provides onoff control for a three-phase motor. Note that the power to the
electromagnetic coil of this contactor is controlled by SW1.
When SW1 closes, the electromagnetic coil energizes, closing
the M contacts and applying power to the motor. When SW1
opens, the coil de-energizes, opening the M contacts and
removing power from the motor.
Motor Starter
Contactor
IEC Starter
NEMA Starter
COIL NO.
Voltes 3 Ph
110 V
Series A
Max Amps
600 VAC
a, GA U.S.A.
SE&A Inc. Alpharett
2
L3
L2
L1
Max HP
T3
T2
T1
Contactor
TRIP CLASS
20
5
30
10
ESP200
ON
PHASE UNBAL
PHASE LOSS ON
TEST
AMPS
FULL LOAD
RESET
Overload Relay
42
Overload Relay
Motor Starter in a
Control Circuit
43
Combination Starters
Disconnect
OFF
ON
OFF
START
STOP
Motor Starter
Review 4
1.
44
Continuous
Amp Rating
HP
230 VAC
HP
460 VAC
00
18
27
10
45
15
25
90
30
50
135
50
100
270
100
200
540
200
400
810
300
600
1215
450
900
2250
800
1600
45
Continuous
Amp Rating
HP
230 VAC
HP
460 VAC
40
10
15
60
20
30
115
40
75
IEC
AC1
AC2
AC3
AC4
AC11
46
Definite Purpose
Other Organizations
47
Contactor
Ambient Compensated
Bimetalic Overload Relay
Voltes 3 Ph
110 V
Contactor
Series A
Max Amps
600 VAC
GA U.S.A.
SE&A Inc. Alpharetta,
2
L3
L2
L1
Max HP
T3
T2
T1
ESP200 Solid-State
Overload Relay
TRIP CLASS
20
5
30
10
ESP200
ON
PHASE UNBAL
PHASE LOSS ON
GROUND FAULT
TEST
AMPS
FULL LOAD
RESET
Contactor
Overload Relay
Spring-Loaded Terminals
Contactor with
Spring-Loaded Terminals
Overload Relays
Contactor with
Screw Terminals
SIRIUS
TRIP
SIRIUS
RESET
Review 5
1.
50
Multi-Speed Starters
Consequent-Pole Motors
52
Speed Selection
There are three control schemes of speed selection for multispeed motors: selective control, compelling control, and
progressive control.
Class 30 Two-Speed Starters Siemens offers class 30 two-speed starters for both separatewinding and consequent-pole motors for constant torque,
variable torque, and constant horsepower applications.
Starters are available in NEMA sizes 0 through 4, including
Siemens half-sizes. Both ESP200 solid-state and ambientcompensated bimetallic overload relays are available.
53
Reversing Starters
54
Class 22 Reversing
Starters
Class 43 Reversing
Contactors
3RA13 Reversing
Contactors
55
Reduced-Voltage Starting
Full-Voltage Starting
With this type of starter, the motor receives the full-line voltage
immediately upon being energized. When a motor is started
with full voltage, starting current is typically 600 to 650% of
full-load current for standard squirrel cage motors and can be
as high as 1200% of full-load current for high efficiency motors.
56
Reduced-Voltage Starting
Autotransformer Starters
57
L2
Open
Close
L3
Part-Winding Starters
Wye-Delta Starters
58
1
2
Motor
4
6
9
8
To Start: Close 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Open 7, 8, 9
To Run: Open 4, 5, 6
Close 7, 8, 9
Class 36 and 37
Reduced-Voltage Starters
59
DEVICE
STATE/BYPASSED
SIRIUS
FAILURE
3RW30
3RW40
3RW44
SIRIUS 3RW30
Soft Starters
SIRIUS 3RW40
Soft Starters
SIRIUS 3RW44
Soft Starters
Review 6
1.
61
Electrically Held
Contactors
Load
Max
Current
Coil Replacem
Coil
Voltage
Volts
AC
ents
Coil
62
63
Pilot Devices
16 mm 3SB2
Pushbutton
Normally Open
Pushbuttons
22 mm SIGNUM
3SB3 Pushbutton
30 mm Class 52
Pushbutton
64
Plunger
Contacts
Spring
Control Circuit
Normally Closed
Pushbuttons
Control Circuit
Plunger
Contacts
Spring
Control Circuit
Control Circuit
65
Using Pushbuttons in a
Control Circuit
Three-Wire Control
66
OL
T1
OL
T2
OL
L1
L2
L3
Motor
T3
OL
Start/Stop
M
67
Selector Switches
16 mm 3SB2
Selector Switch
22 mm SIGNUM
3SB3 Selector Switch
30 mm Class 52
Selector Switch
Two-Position Selector
Switch
68
Three-Position Selector
Switch
69
Indicator Lights
16 mm 3SB2
Indicator Light
22 mm 3SB3
Indicator Light
30 mm Class 52
Indicator Light
Green Indicator
Light is On
Motor Running
Motor Stopped
70
L2
Stop
Start
OL
M
Ma
R
Mb
G
OL
A
L2
Stop
Start
OL
M
Ma
R
Mb
G
OL
A
L2
Stop
Start
OL
M
Ma
R
Mb
G
OL
A
71
Signal Lamps
8WD4
Signaling Column
Review 7
1.
Control Transformers
73
Control Relays
Relay Operation
Contact Arrangement
Pole
Circuit 1
Single Pole
Double Pole
Circuit 2
Throw
Circuit 2
Single Throw
Double Throw
Single Break
Double Break
Single Pole
Single Throw
Single Break
Double Pole
Single Throw
Single Break
Single Pole
Single Throw
Double Break
Single Pole
Single Throw
Double Break
Single Pole
Double Throw
Single Break
Double Pole
Double Throw
Single Break
Single Pole
Double Throw
Double Break
Double Pole
Double Throw
Double Break
75
Interposing a Relay
76
77
SIRIUS SC
24VDC
SIRIUS SC Solid-State
Contactors
SIRIUS SC
78
SIRIUS SC Function
Modules
INPUT
ON
LOAD
THYRISTOR
SUPPLY
F
A
U
L
T
79
Monitoring Relays
SIRIUS
SIRIUS
SIRIUS
READY
TRIPPED
TEST
RESET
80
Time Relays
SIRIUS
Time Delay
On Delay
Arrow Points Up
Off Delay
Arrow Points Down
81
82
83
Instantaneous Contacts
84
Additional Devices
5SJ4 Miniature
Circuit Breakers
85
Terminal Blocks
Siemens offers a broad range of spring-loaded and screwtype terminal blocks for space-saving connections.
Examples of the types of terminal blocks are listed below.
8WA1 Terminals With Screw
Connections
Through-type terminals
N isolating and branch terminals
Ground and ground-neutral
terminals
Two-tier terminals
Two-tier terminals with solid-state.
components
Insta or three-tier terminals
Flat-type and bolt-type.
terminals
Fuse terminals
Terminal for components
Diode and isolating terminals
Fuse terminals
Sliding-link terminals
Through-type plug connection
Measuring transformer terminals
Circuit breaker terminals for
auxiliary circuits
Through-type terminals
Two-tier terminals
Insta or three-tier terminals
N isolating terminals
Ground terminals
Fuse terminals
Terminal for components
Diode terminals
Sliding-link terminals
86
PC/Module Interface
Output Terminals
Hard-Wired Control
In the past, many of these control tasks were solved by hardwiring control relays. This approach required the design of
circuits, development of control diagrams, specification and
procurement of components, and installation and testing of
the control system. In addition, a change in control function or
system expansion often required extensive rework.
87
Inputs:
Pushbuttons
Switches
Contracts
Sensors
Design Features
Outputs:
Relays
Contactors
Lights
88
89
Review 8
1.
8. The _______ Multi-Motor Control system is a threephase, insulated busbar system that reduces wire
connections and hole drilling when bulding control
panels.
90
Review Answers
Review 1
1) manually; 2) a; 3) b; 4) b; 5) c.
Review 2
Review 3
Review 4
Review 5
Review 6
Review 7
Review 8
91
Final Exam
a.
c.
normally closed
energized
2.
a.
c.
3.
a.
b.
c.
d.
4.
a.
c.
5.
a.
b.
c.
d.
green
amber
b.
d.
decrease
remain the same
b.
d.
normally open
de-energized
red
white
b.
d.
increase
fluctuate
6.
a.
b.
c.
d.
7.
a.
b.
c.
d.
armature
electromagnetic coil
overcurrent sensing device
stationary contacts
8.
One reason reduced-voltage starting may be used
to start a motor is to _______.
a.
b.
c.
d.
9.
a.
c.
10.
a.
c.
11.
a.
c.
12.
a.
c.
throw
break
NAED
NEC
b.
d.
b.
d.
SINAMICS
MICROMASTER
pole
make
NFPA
IEC
b.
d.
Pushbuttons
b.
Proximity switches d.
93
LOGO!
SIMOCODE pro
Selector switches
Indicator lights
13.
a.
c.
14.
a.
c.
15.
a.
c.
16.
a.
c.
17.
18.
a.
c.
a.
c.
DPST
SPST
electrically held
magnetically held
200
810
PROFIBUS
AS-Interface
a rotary dial
DIP switches
b.
d.
b.
d.
b.
d.
b.
d.
b.
d.
DPDT
SPDT
mechanically latched
both b and c
540
1600
Ethernet
PROFINET
a selector switch
internal jumpers
94
b.
d.
primary resistance
autotransformer
19.
a.
b.
c.
d.
20.
a.
c.
SIRIUS 3UG4
SIRIUS SC
95
b.
d.
SIRIUS 3RS
SIRIUS 3RW
96
97
98
info.sea@siemens.com
www.sea.siemens.com/step/default.html
100