:

. ABC A C = .
A . AC
N ABC M . .M N BC

. ABC CA BC AB E D
F . F E BC K

. M

.
DK
BM D
=
CN D
DL

. .
.
.

 . ABC .C = + A D

BC

.AC = AD E ) BC A
( EBC = A
.CED = ABC

= .EDC

. X Y BC ABC
) A( .BAX = CAY M
AX .BM + CM > AY

. ABC A C = .
A . AC
N ABC M . .M N BC

. ABCD .B = D = M
AD CD BC P
. X CD .BX = M X
AB = BP .M XB =

. ABC . BC
AB AC E F M . BC P
AM EF X . EF Y
XP BC . .XAY = XY M

 . A (AC > AB ) ABC

BC P O . ABC.
X OP E .AXP = F

AB

AC OP EXP = ACX
.F XO = ABX K L EF ABC
OP KLX .

. P Q BC ABC
. P Q BC AC AB
E F M . P F EQ .
H H BF P CEQ
.AM H H

 . ABC A C = .
A . AC
N ABC M . .M N BC

. M N BC D .
M N BC CN D = .AN M =

O BC AOB AM O

. AOB
ACB .
AM O = AOB = ACB =

OA OM ABC .OA = OM
AOM .
AOM .AOM = AN M
AOM
.

= AN M = AOM

 . ABC CA BC AB E D
F . F E BC K

. M

.
DK
BM D
=
CN D
DL

.
B

= DF M

BF K = B

M DK = DF M
B

BF D =

= M DK

M DK ) BID ( ) I
(

MK
r
=
DK
BD

r
NL
=
DL
CD

M K BD
N L CD
=
DK
DL
BM D
M K BD
DK

=
=
CN D
N L CD
DL

.
.

=r

BM D
AC
=
CN D
AB

 . .
.
.

.
) . c (.
.
A , A , , A
B , B , , B.

A
A A B B A B B

. ) i

A .
( i Ai Bi i+ Bi+

A (.
) A B B

A ) .
A B B

A .
!( B

.
.
c.

 . ABC .C = + A D

BC

.AC = AD E ) BC A
( EBC = A
.CED = ABC

= .EDC

. M CD AM CD .
AM DE BE P Q . .P C = P D

EBA + CAB = A + B + A = C + A =

AC BE . BC ABQ AC
C
= P DC + P CD = CP E

= CQE = CQB = A

CP QE .
CED = CEP = CQP = CQA = CBA = B

 . X Y BC ABC
) A( .BAX = CAY M
AX .BM + CM > AY

M . AX O .OM AX
B OM Z . OM BZ
OM BZ .M Z = M B

BM + M C = ZM + M C > CZ

BZ||AX
= BX
= CY
ZAC
=Y

AZ
CA CZ = AY

.BM + CM > AY

 . ABC A C = .
A . AC
N ABC M . .M N BC

. M N BC D .
M N BC CN D = .AN M =

O BC AOB AM O

. AOB
ACB .
AM O = AOB = ACB =

OA OM ABC .OA = OM
AOM .
AOM .AOM = AN M
AOM
.

= AN M = AOM

 . ABCD .B = D = M
AD CD BC P
. X CD .BX = M X
AB = BP .M XB =

. X M B X
M BX .
AB = BP X = X

AB = BP . ABP
. )( B A M P

. BAM BP X .
X P M = M P BBP X = DCBBAM =

M P DC P M D = X
CD AD D M P X D
. .P X = M D BAM
BP X .P X = AM = M D
M D = M D D D X DC .

X DC M B .
. X X
)( M B X A

 BC . .P = P P
CD AD M .
XP M = M P BBP X = DCABAM =

.P M D = XP M D
.DM = P X = AM = DM M = M
.P = P

 . ABC . BC
AB AC E F M . BC P
AM EF X . EF Y
XP BC . .XAY = XY M

. AEF AM K M F .
AEF F .M F C = M CF = AEF
.M F = M K M A M Y = M F .M Y = M K M A
)(

M Y K = Y AM

AP P K = P E P F = P X P Y AXKY

)(

XAK = XY K

.XAY = XY M

 . A (AC > AB ) ABC

BC P O . ABC.
X OP E .AXP = F

AB

AC OP EXP = ACX
.F XO = ABX K L EF ABC
OP KLX .

. M N XF XE
M LXKN . .N M X = N XP
ACX = N XP .ACX = N M X

XF F M = F L F K = AF F C

AM CX .AM X = ACX
AN BX . AM X = N M X
A N M .

AN BX

N AM = N AE + A + F AM = EXB + A + CXF
= A + BXC + ABX + ACX
= A + BXC + BXC A =

 . AX OP
OP .

 . P Q BC ABC
. P Q BC AC AB
E F M . P F EQ .
H H BF P CEQ
.AM H H

. P Q AM .
sin A

sin A
AEM

.
sin A
sin F F M
=

sin A
sin E EM

)(

F BP CEQ

)(

BP

sin B

sin B EQ
sin F
PF
=

CQ

sin E
sin C F P

= sin E
sin C
EQ

= sin F

)(

sin A
sin B EQ F M
=

sin A
sin C F P EM

F M Q EM P
FM
FQ
EQ
F Q + EP
=
,
=
FP
F Q + EP EM
EP

)(

sin A
sin B F Q
=

sin A
sin C EP

AF M

FQ

tan B =

BQ

tan C =

EP F Q = tan B
EP
tan C

CP

BQ = CP

sin A
sin B tan B
=

sin A
sin C tan C

.
BC H H . H H

tan =

H P H Q
QP

()

CQE BF P H H
QF H Q = BQ QP H Q =

BQ QP
FQ

EP H P = CP P Q H P =

CP P Q
EP

BQ = CP
H P H Q =

P Q BQ (F Q EP )
EP F Q

tan =

BQ BQ
CP
BQ
BQ (F Q EP )
=

EP F Q
EP
FQ
EP
FQ
tan = cot C cot B

()

 tan H H .
AM BC
tan tan =

AM BC X.
BX
sin A sin C
BX
tan B
=

=
CX
sin A sin B
CX
tan C

D A
BX
tan B
AD/BD
CD
=
=
=
BD = CX
CX
tan C
AD/CD
BD
AD
AD
AD
=
=
DX
CD CX
CD BD

cot C cot B

CD/AD BD/AD

= tan
=