Ivanna Bandek Pino
Chapter 2: Principles of Ecology
Chapter Test Practice
1
d
2
d
3
b
4
a
5
c
6
a
7
a
8
b
9
b
10
b
11
a
12
c
13
d
14
c
1. A (an) ____ collects energy from sunlight or inorganic substances to produce food.
a) Heterotroph
b) Herbivore
c) Detritivore
d) Autotroph
2. How do ecologists benefit from creating models?
a) Biotic factors can be ignored.
b) Random factors have a greater effect on results.
c) Abiotic factors can be ignored.
d) Variables can be more easily controlled.
3. How can detritivores be beneficial to the environment?
a) Provide food for autotrophs
b) Rid waste and dead matter
c) Allow predation to occur
d) Facilitate photosynthesis in plants
4. How is carbon released from calcium carbonate?
a) By a process of erosion
b) Burned as fossil fuels
c) By a process of diffusion
d) By decomposition
5. How would a population decrease in primary consumers affect the ecosystem?
a) Primary producers would suddenly decrease.
b) Third-level consumer population would increase.
c) Third-level consumer populations would eventually decrease.
d) There would be no overall effect.
6. The exchange of matter through the ____ is called the biogeochemical cycle.
a) Biosphere
b) Water cycle
c) Food chain
d) Phosphorus chain
7. The total mass of living matter at each trophic level is called ____.
a) Biomass
b) A food chain
c) Energy flow
d) An organic compound
15
d
Ivanna Bandek Pino
8. This graph shows that the growth of ____ is decreased by higher temperature.
a)
b)
c)
d)
Paramecium
Colpidium
Colpidium and paramecium
Neither organism
9. This picture shows how carbon cycles through the environment. Which of the following
statements is true?
a)
b)
c)
d)
The cycle ends when dead material is deposited.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is released by respiration.
Only plants are involved in the carbon cycle.
The cycle prevents diffusion.
10. Tree branches are an example of a ____.
a) niche
b) habitat
c) biome
d) mutualism
11. What does a decrease in salmon population due to an increase in river temperature
indicate?
a) an abiotic factor affecting a biotic factor
Ivanna Bandek Pino
b) change in population but not in abiotic factors
c) an effect of predation
d) an unchanging biological community
12. What factor often limits the growth of producers?
a) biomass
b) respiration
c) phosphorus
d) decomposition
13. What process involves the capture and conversion of nitrogen into a form useable by
plants?
a) decomposition
b) denitrification
c) biogeochemical cycle
d) nitrogen fixation
14. What significant function can parasitism have in the ecosystem?
a) the formation of lichens
b) benefiting the health of hosts
c) population decrease of an overabundant species
d) increasing habitat size
15. Which of the following statements is true based on the food chain shown here?
a) Snakes get energy directly through plant consumption.
b) Most insects are autotrophs.
c) Mice and bugs have a parasitic relationship.
d) Energy from photosynthesis will transfer to snake.
