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p{|/

Q{p{|=_{p{bN}l{

p=N{Zd}a}m{>

pb}=_}T}m{p{m

d{p{>

N{_}mN{Nztm

zt {_}=

ztb}

zvb

m{p{m{=Q{_{p{b{d}m+ m{Tl{

Bm}p{|d{q{ d{y=b}b

This document has been prepared by

Sunder Kidambi
with the blessings of

m{=Q{m}p{|d{V p{bN{/
His Holiness
srmad a
n
srrangam

.d
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This was typeset using skt, LATEX, Itrans, and the Tikanna font.

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p{_

m}p{|d{W|l{

d{p{>

Bm}p{|d{q{ d{y=b}b

pb{~em}d{Zm+ m{Tl{p
p{d d Q{n p{=Qo+ N{\ p{b{/
fd{= N{w.{yp{n fbm{=\{= Hd{\l{
qN{^ AQ{ Tm+d/ _d{n_}m+N{
Hd{ N{\{p{\l/ l{|/
d{l{=_{m{ emd{= Ho|= zew.{b d{^d{m}o+
q{l{=_{m{ Nm+ Bm}p{|d{q{ p{ _}w+ B^po+
Dl{m+=b{ Q{^_{ m{p{m{=Q{ _{p{b=Q{= d}o+
Bl{p{= N{_{ y =b}b Lb{ Bq d=Vp !
qp{|l{|=\}/ m{l{bd{m+
q/ _Q N=\{d{b{\ fb{N{ _=\{ ql{=
d{nd{m+ I_{= D/ d}p{= Ho|= Hd{/ d}d{w
n= zeQ{n= p{m{= ze\ d{nyq{p{l{=
pn= zem{p{ Bm}p{|d{q{ ! Bb/ ^zep
Attention: Please note that the letters w
.{ and y denote [ and V respectively, in Tamil. Also note that y sounds almost like Z , y like Z , and
so on. The consonant-cluster d{ is pronounced somewhere between d{ and
d{. It is, however, colloquially acceptable to pronounce the clusters y and
d{ as _{ and d{, respectively.

Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

pb{~em}d{Zm+ m{l{bd{m+
Bl/ N{y d{p{Npm{p{|d}m+ m{d}p{_}o+
p{ _{=b{ d{yZ T} mld{= d{^m{w
N{ _{=b{ T=Wo+ N{_{ y =b}b f}\_{=b}/
zeb{/ m{p{m{=Q{_{p{b}Ql{ ze^l{d

ze p{d{ p{|b{ fm{=bl{ p{|m{/ zeQ{w.+ p{=b{

f} p{d{ p{|y/ \ ze^=b{l+=b{p{/ zeo+ N{olm+
_}= p{d{ p{=b{ Bm}p{d{q{/ q{m{^}m{=b{=
d}= p{ p}w.{ d=W ! qnp= p{/ d}p{=Q{w (1)

N{w}m+ f.o+ _/ m{=Q{/ N{p{n zeb{=Q{w+ d=o+

Nw} p{q{m =Q N{yl{o+ ~em}/ \Nw.+
w}b{ d{/ Bm}p{|d{q{/ N{ n= o|o+
Dw}b/ d= Kd{yl/ Hd{N{y eml{o (2)

eml{o+ d=W ! \ ze^=b/ Dd el+ ~ey

zeml{m\{w{ q{y= zen fm{p{m{= m+
Aml{/ qp Bm}p{|d{q{ p{N{d{ ql{=
ml{ ey\l{|m+ \Nw.+ Hd Tm+_{b{y (3)
Hd zelo+ Km{ fm{w+ AN p{m{w+ q{m{=b{
p{d zew.{d pm+ y_{ E. p{b{ndl
zed{ ze^_{ Bm}p{|d{q{/ zem{/ f}b{p{= Hd+
q _{mN{ p _}/ Hd{Nb{= bol (4)

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Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

Hd{N{y qn= Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd{ Bql{Qo|

p{d{ N{y p{|=b{m+ ze.No+ zeQ{w.+ p{/ p{l{ m+
_{d{N{y d{m+ p{/ m{d}p{=Q{w+ q}y= Hd}
Bd{ N{y= N}^Qo|m+ ze Il+=b{ Bl{bd (5)
Bl{n= fm{w{= Bql{ _\{_{ C/ N{Q{w+ d}o+
p{l{o+ N=\{ p}w.+_{= Bm}p{|d{q{d p{b Bd l{|o+
zeln= N{Q{o+ ze Bo|b{ H/ f} d=W|o+
p{l{d{d{/ p{/ _{/ em{= Nm+ p.=b\{p (6)
p.l N{\{N{= em{= zeQ{w.}/ p{=V p{N{yp{|=
N{.l N{\{N{= d{= N{m{_}w.+p}/ q{m{^+ N{\l{~e/
ze.l N{\{_{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ zeQ{w.+ f}\ o|
p{.l N{\{_{o+ Hd{N l{|b{= p{m{_{= d (7)

p{m{_{= zeym{w+ p{|y H= fl ~em}/ p{yld+

N{m{/ fm{wl{= q=b{w.+ _{ d l{= N{Z Kd{
m_{dm_{ m{w{N _{/ m{p{w{_
Bm{_{= zem{p{/ Bm}p{|d{q{/ H= Byl{p{d (8)
Byp{d N}^= Bb{l{m{w+ N\{ Y|d{= Hd{=
y w{Nyl{ ib{ m{p{\ _}w{w+ d=V_{
Dyl{ p _}w{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ zeQ{w.+ Lb{= d{om+
p{yld N}_{ B=b{ p{^Q{_ p{d{ pzep{m (9)
p{l{ emm{w+ p{|=\{~e/ Np{nw+ p{| p{nm}w+
_{d\{ p{|l{d N{=\{p N}Z= _{w.+ _{ op{d+
fd{\ fy= Bm}p{|d{q{yd{ ze=\{p{m+ _}w+
qlo+ q{\{= m{p{\l{|m+ Hd{= ml{m (10)

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Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

ml{ d}d{y Tpm{w+ q=b{w.}o+ _{

f}m+ Bl{n= zeQ{w.+ f}^m{p{|w+ q{m{^}= zeb{p{
_}m+ Bl{o+ q Bm}p{|d{q{/ _{ d T}m+=b{p{m+ _{=
N}ml{ p{^ Hd}o+ qo^}bN{\{o+ B\{_ (11)
B\{= N=\{ Nm+ p{.qNyp{/ B^l{\ fb{
\{=Q{= Bb{l{m}p{|d{q{/ = f/ f}b{= Hd{=
N{\{= N=\y== m{ p{p{m+N{ N}b{o+ ql{|
\{= N=\{ Y|l{m+N \l/ d{ ql{b{p (12)
ql{= zeq{/ _{w{i _.o+ p{|ol{= q=b{.o+
el{= p{y _{w.+ p{|ol{= em}b{ m+ m{=Q{
$_l{/ N{w.{y^ = zem{/ _}w+  Ab{ml{|
pl{/ Bm}p{|d{q{/ q{m{^ Q{ pyd{N (13)
Q{N{ zeb{y p= N}d{p{= N{n= N{\{n= Ho|=
NbN{ _{p{= ql{= Nw y/ N N}p{n/ qo+
zebN{= N{o N{ f}\{= eml{p{m+ f}b{=Q{w
_{bN{= zem{p{/ Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd Tmnd (14)
qm}b{ N}b{o+ em{=.f}o+ _o p{|o Kd{=
f}m}b{p{d zeo|=\d{ N}~e\{= f}d l{/ _}w+
em}b{ Dw{m}p{|d{q{/ _{/ ~ey=Ql{ m+
q}m} p{q{m Tm/ Hd{Nd{ _}w.+l (15)
_}w.+po| p{y _}w.+=b{ _{np{w.{b{= N{l
Ad{ d}w+ p{=b{ _{p{/ N}^/ m{=Q{m+ p{
q{w.+Qd{ p{|ol T{\ N\{_{p{w+ _o+ m{w}o+
p}w.+Qd{ p{w{o+ Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd{= p{| p{l (16)

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Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

p{l{|m+ _{l{m{=Q{w+ p{=bn= Bd{=Q{w+ pl+\d{=

N{l{|m+ p{d{= N{^ p{=Q d}d N{o zem{p{=
_{l{|dl _{=\{w.+ ql{ n/ _{d{N{ DnQo+
Bl{|d H=Q{w+ Bm}p{|d{q{d p{=bld{m (17)
Hl{yml{ p{yQ{w Alm{= B/ _{w.}o+
ql{ynQo+ p{m{= q{\{Qid =bl{w
el{yql{= eml{p{m+ m Dlm{w+ Ho|=
Dl{yb{p{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ H= Dy _{ ^l (18)
Dy em{=Wnp{= _{=bl{= _}l{= Dl{m+ Q{m{p{=
py _{m{ zep{Q{w+ d}b{d{= p{|y/ w{=Ql{ m+
dy _{m{= q=b{w.+ Am{^p H/ w+ n_m+
yb{m{ d{ Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd{N}m{p{b (19)
Am{ f.o+ _/ N{m{Q ~em}/ p{b{ m{p}l+
Cm{ _{./ Bq D^m+=bm{Z Bl{p{m+ _{=
m zeld{l{= npw+ d}b{p{l d=W|o+
p}m zem{Q{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd{/ p{| bl (20)
bl f.l{= p{Qo+ Hd{ q{m+ _{= p}q{o+ zey
_{b N{ynQo+ _{p{o/ B _{l+ dy qm+
HbQ{Zyp{/ l{p{d _{ yp{/ B^ \l{|=
Q{b ey\l{ Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd N}_{d{d (21)
N}m+ Q l{|d{= N{mp{Q{ _}d{= N{d{n= p{N{^+
p{m+l{= p\l{= pze= p{b{QZ p{p{nQ{=
ze_{p{d ! Hd{ fy\{ p}^/ ~ew. fy_{
m+_{ d I_{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd{/ qp{ pe (22)

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Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

pf}l{ p}/ fm{w+ Hd{ d{o+ d{m+ p{d{_{Q{_

Hfb{= pN{= Bm}p{|d{q{d Bm{ no+
Kf}m+ Bo|b{ Dy dl/ p{=V d=o+ p _{
p{fb{= p}w.+_{p{/ Hd}= Bb{ p{/ pl+ zeQ{w.+N (23)
pl+_{ p= dl{|o+ zen\{o+ _y= p{_{ b{d}o+
Hl+_.=b/ p{d d}w{w+ Ho|= Bd{ N{=\{l{m+=bd+
fl+ _{p{= fy= zeo T{p{l{=Q{w+ n_{l{
N _{ pl{| d{_{ Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd{= N}m+ _{ d l (24)
N}ml+ N{m{^ Bm}p{|d{q{ BN{\{\{o+
Am yip{m+ / m{/ _{ d nnN{
dm Dy\{= d}/ p{=b{ Hd Dl+_{~e/ Dd+
m Dlm+N{lm}l+ \lyd{ N{p (25)
N{y Nm+ Bm}p{|d{q{d H/ ql+ dl{|=
pl+ N{y= N w{=Ql{ pQ{$_ pp{= d{om+
HN{y p}w{m+ Hb{ ~eyebl{o|Q{ dm+
N{y= ~eyze l{o d{p AZw{p (26)
Nw{ N{yp{yn=Q Nw.{=b{ Z=Ql{ Dd+
p{w{o+ _{d{d}o+ p{dl/ p{d{= zeQ{=b}l+
pw T{\{m+ \{= D/ em{ pd Nw.{Nbd{
_{w{ym{=Q{= Bm}p{|d{q{ ! H/ _{ d=Vp ! (27)
d=o+ N{y N=\{ N{=Vd N}l+=b{ p{n/ d{=Q{w+
ze= m{p{\ ~ed _{/ N}b{n/ f}b{= d{^}
p{=Vm+N{ml{ Bm}p{|d{q{/ zeQ{w.+  H/ p}l+
N= zem{p{Qo|b{ Hd{ p}w.+d{ N{\l{b ! (28)

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Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

N{Z= b Hd{ N{\{=Qo _/ N{m{Q ~em}d+

f}Zd{= pb{ zeq{=b{w.+ _{ d _{/ ze Hd{=
Z/ N{^+ p _{ Bm}p{|d{q{/ zeQ{w.+ pl+ D^m+=bm+
CZ=Q{w+ _{ d H/ d}Z=Q{w+ N{=\d{= Hl\{p (29)
Bd{= _{m{ em{ \{ p{=blo+ H/ H^+ By=b{
_{d{= _{m{ m{l{= zen q{.o+ H/ _o+ DnQo+
p{/ zeo+ Dlm{Zyl{p{/ p{|l{/ Hd{ p.=b{
d{/ d{Q{/ Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd A=\{d{d (30)
A=\{Q{w+ d}w+ =Q{w}l+ Q{w.+ N}n= Ho|= p{d{p !
C=\{ zeo+ lQ{w+ _y= Dw.{o= Bdm+ H^+ Bl
N}^+ _{Q{ _w+ ^o+ _/  Em{m+ N{w.{o+ B^Nw.+
ze=\{ d}w{/ Bm}p{|d{q{d fm{=bd{p (31)

fm{=bl{ _q{= fyl{= yn= zeQ{w.{= d{n

m{=l{ Y|d{p{= qnp{= qm{= qy N{l{|o+
p{m{=bl{ Y|n$_ p{^ ld}o+ p{=b\{_{_{
m{=b{p{/ H=Q{w+ Bm}p{|d{q{d \zep{m+N (32)
\l{|m+ N{p{n_{nm{Q{w+ Nw{/ N A. Hd{=
ze\l\{ d}=_{Q{p{= ze\{m+ b{=\{= K^+ q}m+=Q{ n=
ze\ Am+ zem q{=Q{p{= B=b{ zeb{n= N}zeb{y Hd{
B\l Bm}p{|d{q{ p{ Ald{ Bn_ (33)
n$_ Ty_{^= q{ N{l dzeml{
zen$_ Ty_{= ~ey=Ql{bo H/ el+ d _d+
zeno+ fy_{p{ ze_{Q{ T{p fyNl{ ~e/
d{n$_ fy_{b{ Bm}p{|d{q{/ _{/ d{l{ zeQ{w. (34)

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Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

d{l{p/ Km{ bl{= d}n_ n p{|\{$_

zel{o Hd{ N{ fy ql/ f/ m{=Q{= Ho+
p{l{o em{Q{= Bm}p{d{q{/ p{d{ p{| p{nm+_}w+
l{m/ m{d Hd Hp}yd{\{m+zeb{p (35)
\{o+ N=\{ dl{/ Am{lm+ d}b{/ d}m{^ To+
N{\{o+ N=\{ K^+ fm{w+ N{=\{ze ~ed{= N}lm+
B\{md{^+ w.+=b\{ _}d{= p+ K^m{w+ N=\{ p{m+ ~ed+
ze\{m{= Q{^/ H= Bm}p{|d{q{/ _{/ ze\ Bb{p (36)
ze\ N=\{ Nm+ Bm}p{|l{^= Hd{= ze pw{=
N{\ N=\{ Nlo+ Bm}p{|d{q{/ Q{^= N{y= d{m+
N{\ N=\{ p{| p{nm+ _}w+ N{n=b{w{= N{l{= d{om+
\ N{=\{ N=\{Q{=b{ Hd l{= Aw+ p{m+N}Nd{m (37)
AN \p o~e_{ d Hd Bd{p{p
fN zeyZb/ fm{w} p{d{ ze^l{m+ _{=
p}No+ ~eml{| Bm}p{|d{q{ ! / m{/ p{^=
dNo+ _mp{mb}o+ Dml{|l+ B=b{ d{^+ fm{w (38)
fm{w{= zeb{nm{= il{= ze=Q{w.{o|m{= Hd
p{m{w+ N=\wN{= d{p{N{ d=W ! p{yw}m+ _{m{p
Bm{w+ N=\{ p= _{l{m+ p{|y _{/ Cyo+ em{= zeQ{w.
_m{w{= _m{w+ _{=b{ Bm}p{|d{q{/ ql{= qp{=Q{w (39)
qp{ d{o+ \{= fm{w{= b{m{p{p{= ml{ d{o+
N}p{p{= Hp d}dd{m+ d}d{= N{^d{N
Ap{b{ N}p{= y= fm{w+ \b{yd{m _}/
p}p{d{/ n/ Bm}p{|d{q{/ B=b{ p{^ql (40)

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Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

p{^q lQ{w+ _y= ~ey=b{ H=Q{w+ p{|b{p{d

N{^y yn= N}^Qo| DnQm{w+ Ho|=
^o+ Bm}p{|d{q{/ p{=b{ _l{ fw.{b
d{^m{ Y|d{= _{ oN=\{ d}m{^y}ld{m (41)
Alw.l{|m+ N=Q _{=Q{=  N}b{o+ w{yw.{=b
p{|l{= H/ Al p{=b\{_}/ Bd{ p{| p{nm}w+
d}l{N{/ Ho| Dlm{Z= d}b{/ m{=Q{/ Hd{=
_{l{p{/ bo+ Bm}p{|d{q{/ _o+ m{w+ q{m{=b (42)
q{m{N{= m{p{= D^m{= qnzeQo+ p}l+ p{b{=
zem{N{= Bm{ d zeyy L\{= ze\lo+ Dm+
DmNd{d{/ Dp{N{ l{|/ y= y= Dy N{l
_{m{N{= em{p Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd{ qnd (43)
qo|m+ _{w.+ Km{ p{d{= q{m{bQ{w+ d}d{= Ho
Bo| ydy l{|p{= _m=b{p{/ H^+ m{= m+
d{o|m+ zem{p{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ m{d}p{= d{
N{o|m+ Q{o+ B\{_m+ Hb{ eyd{ N}zem (44)
eyd{ p{yo / q{m{^+   ey_{y+ N}yd{= Bo p{y T{m{^+  H fm{w_+
_y= p{m+N{= Hd{N{= Dd _{=b{ qp qo|o+
N{y= zem{p{d{ Bm}p{|d{q{ pl+p N{y\o (45)
N{y= q{p{l{=Q{w+ Ay= N{ol{ N{p{nl{_
p{|y/ ze^_{ p{y D^m+=bd p{blld+
_y= ze\ H/ p{d{= zeQ{=b}d bq d _{=
Iy= Q{^d Bm}p{|d{q{d By=d{p (46)

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Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

By=V ze\{= zem{/ Cq{/ m{=Q{/ Hd{ Bp{nQ{

_{y= qze= ^o+ Bm}p{|d{q{/ H/ m{dld+
y= qym{p{= zeQ{n= \}bd{/ =bl{w
y=bzey Bm{=b}/ Hd{N}m{= Q{m+ Bol ! (47)
Q{m+ B d{ H/ q{bN{ / m{d{^+ 
zeQ{o+ Kd{= Bo m{Z= q_ zeQ{o+ zed lom+
zeQ{m{= em{p Bm}p{|d{q{ ! B d}= zew.{b
Q{n= fm{w+ H/ zel{/ Bm{pp{N{= Ad{ ~ed (48)
Ad{b{ qp ydy fl+p y q{p{l{=
fd{b{ f By=b{b{ p= N{ ze=N{p{n
_/ d{b f}l+ p{l{o+ _/ m{=Q{/ N{w.{o+ q p _{
_}/ bo+ p{d{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ B_{n_{b_ (49)
Dbzed{ D_{p{m+ =bl{w+ Kd{nm+ d=Vp{=
Nb\{ p{|y d{\{zed{ Nw p{/ N{y= Ho|=
zeb_{ H/ ze/ N{ f}d{= ze=\{d{ f}p{ _o+ m+
Hb _{ o d}b{/ Bm}p{|d{q{/ _{/ B^ \l (50)
\l _\{m+=bw.{= Jp{m{Z|l+ d{ j}m{_{ fm+
p{\l{ zem d\{/ _m+ \{= Nd p{w.{b{^m+=b{
\l{m+N{p{b{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd Aw{ p{=b{ B ze\lo+ ~ey=b{b{ p{yo N}m{^= f}m+\o (51)
f}m+_}/ y q{p{l{=Q{w+ zebze Bf}m+ p{w.{b{=
fm+_}/ zeQ{w.+ N=\{ zed ld\ _}/ zeQ{=b{
m+_}/ Bm{ d m+_{ m{=Q{/ ql{ _}w+ B^l \}m+_}/ Bp H= Bm}p{|d{q{/ ql{= yb{p (52)

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10

Sunder Kidambi

Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

yb{/ qp Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd Aw{ p{=b{

N{yQ{= N{yp{m+ N}p{y n/ N{m{b{ml{
zeyo+ Dlm{w{= zeo+ DnQ{ l{|p{= zem{d{bd{=
d{ym{w+ _{ d B/ d}n_ p{=b{ d}Zd{d (53)
d}Zl{ q{ T{p{l{=Q{w+ p{|=\{d{ d}m{^d
N}Zl{ pb{= N{zeyb{ _/ N{m{Q p{w{o+
p}Z= Bo| p{^+ _{w.+ p{y p}w.+=b{b{ p{^nQo+
CZl{ n_{ Bm}p{|d{q{/ _{/ Bl{n N{=\ (54)
N{=\{p{m+ =b N{p{m{= N{\ f.o+ _/ m{=Q{/
_=\{m+ N{o|p{= Bm}p{|d{q{d _Q By=b{
ze^+ _{m{ pb{=Q{w+ f}mo+ n\{ f}m+_{m{w{=
N=\{o p _w.{= N{\l{|= H=Q{w+ NN{\l (55)
N N{n p{d{m p{pw.{ N}o+ Km{ N{m+ p{w.{p}o+
fNl{ bp{d fy= zeb{/ ip{d{= H=Q{=
ANl{ Nm+ Bm}p{|d{q{d \=b{ ~e/ Hd+
p}N{ml{|b{ H/ p{d{= dl{|b p{ydl (56)
p{ym{ ey p{bl{|b{ m{=Q{/ p{nm+ \N}w+
Dyp{m _{d{N{yp{m}l+ Nw{= D_{p{d
d{o+ _{p{m+ fy= Bm}p{|d{q{d B/ d}n_
eyd{/ ey~e/ p{yyl/ Km{ ebpl (57)
ebl{m+ pb{ fm{w+ Bbd{ ~em{p{= d{dd{
Lb p{yo| Dlm{= q_d{ Dlm{w+ pl Z|b zem{d\d}= Hd{ qn= p{no+ Ho|=
p}bo+ pd}/ H= Bm}p{|d{q{/ pl+= p{bN{\{o (58)

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11

Sunder Kidambi

Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

N{\{o+ w{p}l{ bq HZd{w{= N{ Bm{w

\b{m{ N}nm}p{|d{q{/ N{ d}d{yld+
q{\{m+ Kl{|o+ m{w _{m{ndo+ Dlm
D\l{p{/ d}m{^/ Hd{yp}m+ Bo Dy^m+=b (59)
D^m+=b{ pl{| l{m+ lQ{= _y= m{p}l+ p.ld+
p{^= _{m{= Bq p{d{= B\{=by= p{|p{nm}w+
ze^m+=b{ f/ p{|m{/ fm{=b{= zebby= zeN{y=
Q{^= Q{w.+ N=\{o+ Bm}p{|d{q{/ H= N{n Nw.{=b (60)
Nw.{=b{ Z\ ze\{m{= p=Qw+ dl{|o+ m{l{ _{w.{=blZd p{=b}Z+ N=\{ ~ed{= m{ p{p{m+
_w.{= _{p{_/ H= Bm}p{|d{q{/ _o+ zeQ{w.+ q{\{m+
Nw.{=b{b{ _}o+ d{o+ bq{l{= N{=\{bm{np (61)
Bm{=b/ Bm{ d f}q{= N{w.{y Bd{ l{|/ Byl{=
p{m{=b/ B H= Bm}p{|d{q{/ p{d{ p{|p{nm+ _}w+
fm{=b} o D\ zed ldm+Nd{= d{d ql{|
em{/ bp{m zem{p{= emlm+ _{= N{w.{o+ ~e\_ (62)
~e\l _\{m{= N{yd{ l{|/ D/ ~ey=Ql{ m+
\l _\{m{= ze\ d{n p=\{= y q{p{l{ T\l _\{m{= p{m{w+ qy=bm+ b=b\{ p{=b{ B ze\l _\{m{= Bm}p{|d{q{ ! N{ ze=\_{d ! (63)
ze^+ _{m{ p{|y/ zeq{=b{w.+ Ad{=b{= f}l+ p{b{p{|l+
=\\{ H=Q{w+ Bm}p{|d{q{ p{ pw.{= pl+p
N=\{ d{o+ pb{ Nw.{=b{=\{= I=b N{p{nl{_
p{=\ p{=bd{b{ p}bl{m}w+ ! D=Q{w+ p}w.+p{yb (64)

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12

Sunder Kidambi

Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

p}w.+p{yb{ _o p}bl{m+N{ Hd{= p{yl{p{m+ _{=

_}w.+p{yb{ _{p{= _}m{^ eyb{ _{ _{p{ d{o+
N{w.+ yb{ N{y= Ho|= zeb_{ Q{^d{m+N{ d+
d}w.+ yb{ d{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ _{=b{ Y|d{o (65)
Y|d{= N{=b{ d{n= N=\{ d}w+ _y= dip{m+N{
p}d{= N\{zeb{ p{|b{p{/ p{dl/ p{d{o+
Cd{= N{\=b{ Bm}p{|d{q{/ _{ d Hld{m+N{  _}d{= N\{zeb{ _{/ _{Q{pd{= q{m{^+ N\{_ (66)
q{m{^= \=b{ b{m{p{d{N} ze=\{ d{yp{m
p{m{^= \_{ p{|l{p{/ _{ d p{^=Q{ p _{
N{m{^= Bp Dp{N{d Bm}p{|d{q{/ Dlm{ Zm{^+ =Q{p ndo+ m{^}m+ p{yp}m{lm+N (67)
Am+ Hd{Nd{ Q{m+ qo+ p{|l{/ dp{m+ bl{
_mo+ q~el{ Qbl/ qp fm{w+ _ml{
f}mo+ qd{ Bm}p{|d{q{d ze^l{= d{om+
mo+ qd{ ze^=b{b{ H/ Al{= =bl{p (68)
=bld\{ N{m{^=Q{w+ l{|p{= b=b{ p{d}w+
=b{= Dy}w.+=b{b{ N{=\{ p H/ _{d{N{d{m{w}o+
_{=b{ m{=Q{d{= _{/ q{m{^+ _{=bn/ _}/ b{ _{=b{
H=b Bm}p{|d{q{/ p{=b\{_{d{/ Bdd l (69)
Hd l{= f}m+_/ Bl{o l{= f}m+_{ H^o+ zeo+ Q{^_{
Dd l{= f}m+No+ m{w+ ql{b d{n=  Hd}o+
~ed l{= f}m+No+ d{n= Dw{b D/ em{= N{m{^
_{ d H/ f}m+zem+ Bm}p{|d{q{ ! Dd T}m+=b{p{m (70)

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13

Sunder Kidambi

Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

q}m+=b{b/ =b D/ _}w+ B^Nw.+ d{ _}/ Q{p{=

N{m+=b{b{  _}p{m _}w{w{N{ D/ _{/ Q{^=Q{w{N
m+=b{b/ ql p{/ qld qld b{d}o+
em+=b{b{ p{^ Bm}p{|d{q{ ! H= em{/ _{ Ql (71)
N _{d{/ l{ q{p{l{ N{nQ{m N}N
Dl+_{d{/ _{l{ p{ydy _{ d Hd{ Dw{=
dl+_{ d\m{=b_{= y zeQ{w.m{\{d
p _{d{/ Hd Bm}p{|d{q{/ N{ p{^ ql (72)
p{^ ld}n= _{/ p{| _{Q{p}n= p{b zeml{=
_{ ^ ld}n= B _}m{^lm{Z _}/ q{m{^}l+
D^ d{o+ Y|d{= Dm _{ Bm}p{|d{q{d Dd{=
^ o|o+ Hd{No p{ym+ o _m+=b\o (73)
_m}m+ p{yl/ y= Hd{ p{|l{p{/ l{p{m
N{m}. N=\{ N{yzeb{ N=\{o+ dl{ p{^
Im}m+ Q{^_= Bm}p{|d{q{/ p.o+ p{ylo+
qm}b{p{m bzeb{ fbm{ =b ql (74)
ql+_{ o T{=Q{= qw.{ p{_{= Cd{= m{p{m{=Q{m+
N _{n_}.l{= q{=Q{p{= I=b d{= N{^+ p{Q{e
pl+_{ o _{ d \/ Hm{Nn= / zeQ{w.
pl+_{ oN{= p{=b{ Bm}p{|d{q{ ! Hd p{y= d (75)
d{ p{^+ Nm+l{= w+ zed{n= y p=Q{\{ fd+
N{d{p{= pQ{=b{ d}\{= N{nl{ f}y\{n=
Dd{d{N_{ d Bd{= _{m{= D/ B^p{nm+ _}w+
H/ _{d{N{= b{ Bm}p{|d{q{ ! Bp C=b{m{w (76)

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14

Sunder Kidambi

Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

C=b{d{/ Cl{|b{ Bd{m{w+ H^o+ p{y N{yp

f}l+=b{d{/ p{y zeo+ fm{w}o+ B ze\ d _{=
Il+=b{d{/ Nm+ld}o+ H/ dQ{w pm+ zeyl{
N}l+=b{d{/ p{^ Bm}p{|d{q{y/ N{m{l (77)
N{m{o+ zeQ{=b{o+ N{w{= N{w.{y N{m{b{ml{
p{m{_{ d}o+ Q{ p{=_{ B=b{ p{^Q{_
m{ m{p{Q{w+ Nw{d{N}Nl{ ~e/ Hd=o+
fm{_{ ze\}b{ H= Bm}p{|d{q{ ! p{ym+ fl+ fm{w (78)
fl T{m{N{= fm{w _{y=b{ B=b{ zeb{n_
pl zem{N{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ y py d{p
Dl{ Nw{ p{n bl{= B=Q{ l{|bd{nm+=b{p{p
Jl{ze\} ym+ pl{_{wm+ d{nyw.{=b (79)
d{o|m+ zem{p{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ m{d}p{= d{p{
p{o|m+ y$_ p{yp}b{p{m{w+ Hp{m+ p{m+N
Ho| B\{n= Hd{= Hfbn= H _w.{p{=
qo|o+ p{d{_}o+ N{m{p{d}o+ ql{/ qml (80)
qm D/ _{/ _{ ^ \Nw.+ _=\{ zeZp{m}o+
q}m d{ Hd{N{ m{=Q{/ ql{ _}w+ B^Q{w+
em Bd{ ey_{= Bm}p{|d{q{ ! B Dd+
m+ Kl{ N{m{^N{ Bo p{|y _mp{yo (81)
_mp{y Y|n= qyl{ ey}b{ p= dl{|o+
Dm{p{y Y|d{_{w.{d{ Hd Km{ fw.{bo+
fm{p{y Nl{/ AN d}/ Hd{ ze^l{d !
_mp{y Nm+ Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd{= m+ p{Qo (82)

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15

Sunder Kidambi

Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

m+ N=\{ em{y= ql{ d{o+ \{ qyb{= Hd{=

f}m+ N=\{ pd l{m+ N{Z/ o/ D/ zeb{ l{Q{p{|=
Im+ N=\{ Z Hbo+ Hl{p{/ Dd{\l{
N}m+ N=\{ p{^ Bm}p{|d{q{ ! Bb{ N{=\{ Nw (83)
N{=\{ N=\/ H= Bm}p{|d{q{/ _{ d N}=\{np
_=\{ N=\/ p{/ _=\{m+ f/ _}o+ H/ _o ppl+
=\{ N=\/ p{/ m+ pw{ p}ml p}l{\{/ y=\{ N=\/ Bd{= Dyd{ Lbo+ Dp{~eol (84)
Lbl{ pb{/ DZm{w}l+ b{/ D N{
qbl d}b{/ Hd{ yl{|b{w.{d{ _=\{m+
ebp m+_{ Bm}p{|d{q{d _w.{= emlm+
f}b{= o|o+ H/ _{/ Am+ Dlm+N{ l{|bd{p+ zeyol (85)
zey} p{q{m zey zey \}b{p{m
Dy}m+ Hd{ Dw.{d\ dl/ B Kl{ d{o+
N{y}m+ zem{p{= Bm}p{|d{q{d N{m{b{= Dw{=
ey}m+ Hp{m+ p{m+ Hp d}w{= eml{p{m (86)
eml{p{m+ en= ebl{m+ en= _{/ N{^=Q{Z
Dml{qo+ Hd{= D\l{p{/ Hdd{ D^mo+ Nm+
_ml{= p{^+ Nm+ Bm}p{|d{q{/ p{y _m+=b{nQo+
zeml{= d{o+ Y|d{= fm{=b}b{p{m fm{= N{l (87)
N{ N{ qdo+ N{w.{ N{yl{o+ N{o em{p{|d+
KN{ f}\{o D=\{ _{/ Dw{= _{\_{ b{d}o+
p{ N{ l{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ p{y p}bl{m}=
ze N{bd{ Bip{d{o+ p{=b{p fyp{d (88)
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16

Sunder Kidambi

Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

fym{= nm}p{|d{q{ / zeQ{w.+ _m=b{

q}yp{do+ b{ _}w.+p{b{ mo+ D/ m+ _{d{Nm+
Iy= Hd N=\m{Nn= H/ p{d{= I 
AyQo|b{ Bb{y/ dp}l+ HZ=p{d (89)
dl{|m+ ~eyl N{= ~em}d B/ w+ n_
Hd Aw{ p{=b{ Bm}p{|d{q{d Bm{=Q{Q{w+
zedl{|m+ zedl{= eml{p{m+ _}w{o+ ze=b\l{o+
p{dl{|m+ ~ey~eo+ p{m{=b{p{m+ p{|=b{m+ p{m{w+ q{m{=b (90)
p{m{w+ q{m{=b}Q{p{ p}bl{m+ N{y= p{ fm{w}=
Bm{w+ q{m{=bl+_{ DnQm{w+ =Q{ _{/ C=\l{ m+
m{w+ q{m{=bo| Dlm{Z= d}b{/ m{=Q{/ Hd{=
fm{w+ q{m{=b}/ H= Bm}p{|d{q{/ N{ ze^l{d (91)
ze^l{ dd{ zem=b{= Bo/ \ fy ql{=
d{^+ m{= N d{p{d{= Bo/ qp d{o+ zenp{m+
N^+ m{= Nm+ Bm}p{|d{q{ ! Bd{ zeQ{=b{ Hd+
N{^w{= d=w{= d{ B N}m{^= N{Zml (92)
N{Z fm{w p{y fm{w+ Hd{ N{l{p{m+ qn=
eZ N\{N{= ~em}/ nd H/ em{ dl
NZ Nw.{=Q\{ _{/ m{w+ Hd{= Kw+ p}w+ Dm{
pZ N{w=b{ Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd{= pl+_{p{d (93)
_{p{= _{m{= qn= _{Q{p{= _{m{= q{l{| ~ey
zep{= _{m{= d f}y _{m{= zem{=b}p{= Hd{=
p{= _{m{= bo+ Bm}p{|d{q{/ _{ d T}m+=b{p{m{Z
Dp{=b{m{=b/ p{/ m+  l{|/ Kd{= Dw+ p{Qw.+=b (94)

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17

Sunder Kidambi

Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

Dw+ d{lm{w{N{yd{p ql{ p{m+N{l{p

ze^= im{d{= zemnd}= ze\ zeo+ Dlm+N{=
^/ _{ o d{ \{f}/ H= Bm}p{|d{q{/
p{^/ _{n_{b_{ Dl{y d}n= p{w{m+_{d{d (95)
p{w{m{= ~e^N=\{ p{dl{|o+ N{ d{dlo+
Nw{m{= _{^p{ N\ _{yl{|b{ p{\ _{ o Ed+
_{w{m{= w{p{= b{m_{= w.{=b{= _{ mpy
Dw{m+ H= Byp{m+ Bm}p{|d{q{/ _{ d Dyp{m (96)
_{ d Dy}Zl{= _{ d ldm+ p{d{ _}p{m _}w+
_{ d Dy}Zl{ Hd Dy}/ Bd{ _{/ _{Q{p}o+
_{ d Dy}m+  _{ d Dy}m+ Bo Hd{y=b{
_{ d Dy}m Bm}p{|d{q{/ Q{^= q}y\{p (97)
B\{p Bl{ q{p{m+N{o+ Bd{= d{m{Qo+ BZ
T{\{p p{y _\{m+ _{m{ _o q{w.{o+ ~ey~eo+
d{\{p B d{= Bm}p{|d{q{/ d{p d{= p{q{_
\{p q{m{^= Hd}o+ p{d{p ! dl{o+ pp{b{y (98)

_{y T{p{^m{= q}Nl{ el{w{= _}w.+q{\ld+

qo+ N{y qp{m{= q{l{ p}b{m{= d}d{yl{=
y N{yp{ ql+ q{m{= p{|=\{d{m+ w+ n_
f/ N{yQ{= H= Bm}p{|d{q{ p{ f=b{ ~ed (99)
f=b{b/ d=Wd{= f/ p{=\{ Dd{b{\ fbo+ K^+ m+
A= _ _/ D=\{p{m+=b\{ p=\ d}o+ b{p
C=b\{ p=\{= Bm}p{|d{q{ ! Bb{ Kd{=
p{|=b{Qo|b{ B p{yd{ N}Z p{l{N\{o (100)

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18

Sunder Kidambi

Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

p{l{N{= Bm{ d p{lo+ ze=\{ p{b p{l{=Q

_{l{N{= ~eylo+ _l{ Hd _{l{m+ Q{y
Dl{N=\{ d{n= Bm}p{|d{q{ ! Hd{b{d D
d{l{N{= p{m+Nbw.{Nd{m+ d{np{m+ Hd{= d=b (101)
dl{= p{d{= D/ Q{^=Q{w D H/ d} Bm{=b=
Jl{/ Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd{w.N{= m{dld+
Nl{= _w.{= N{^+ N{m{b\{= N}^ N{\{o+ ze\ q{w.+
pl{= Bb{o+ D/ p{^ Hd}o+ H/ p{w{m+=b{b{p (102)
p{w{m+=b{ p= Ni p{\{=Q{o+ Kd}l+ d{ p}w+ p{^d+
Nw{m+=b{ f/ AQ{= N._{p{/ Nm+ zelm+ Hw.{=b{
w=b\{= =b Bm}p{|d{q{/ Hd{/ pld dl+
N{w=b{ d{o+ Y|d{= _{d{/ Nlo+ N{ Hd{p (103)
Nlo+ N{ Hd{ N{^d N}Z _{mn= D/ _{d+
plo+ ~ey=Ql{ m{ p=\n/ l{|/ m{l{ _lo+ N\{Nn= qb ^+ qmn= Bp{m{w+
qlo+ b{mze/ Bm}p{|d{q{ ! H/ qw.{=Q=\{o ! (104)
qw.{=bm f}y\{o+ N{^+ _{lo+ p{|l{/ m{p{\Nw.+
w.{=bm{f}m+ d=o+ pp{ d{o+ Y| d{o+ pbl{m{w+
_w.{= m{ f}b{/ Bm}p{|d{q{d _w.{= emlm+
Hw.{=bm _}\{= B\{= \ld{Nm{~e\{p (105)
Bm{~e\{= pQ{=b{= p=Q{\{= p{|m{=Wo Hd{=
fm{~e\{= p{|l{d{Nd{m+ d{om+ p _{p\{= p{ m{~e\{= p{|l{/ Bm}p{|d{q{/ p{d{_{ Bd{p{/ p{ m{~e\{= Hd{/ Bb{l{_{w _{d{Nd{yp (106)

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19

Sunder Kidambi

Bl{y}

Bm}p{|d{q{

d{y=b}b

Bd{y nm}p{|d{q{ Hd{= H\{_{=

Hd{y dl+ D\{o+ _y= ~ey=by=b{ H^+ ml{
_{d{y ld{= qnp{bd{=\{ D/ _=\{m{Z
d{ym{N{= ze\ Hd AN =Q}Z\{_ (107)

=Q{l{o+ f}l+ p{l{o+ _/ m{=Q{/ ^ AQ{p{d{=

ze=Q{l{ p{|p{nm+ f}pl fyb{= ze Ho|=
_{=Ql{bd{ _{ w._{ d=W ! d{= _{ oql
f=Ql{ Nm+ Bm}p{|d{q{/ \ ze p{d{p (108)

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m{p{m{=Q{_{p{b{d}m+

20

m{p{\Q{w

q{m{^=

Sunder Kidambi