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) (2000
) (2000
) (7.42


) (Finite Elements
...
-:
-1 . Units
-2 . Drawing
-3 . Define

-4 . Run Analysis
-5 . Outputs
-6 . Design

...
(Structural Skeletal) -1
). (Truss & Frames & Beams
(Structural Non-Skeletal) -2 ). (Slaps

...
-1
.

-2 ) ) ... (New Model From Template < File (.


)) ... (New Model < File (. ///
) (Spans
) (Grid Spaces Number of ...

) (

-3 .. ...

-4
) (Beam
) ) (The Spans (
).(OK

-5 !!!

)(Supports
-1 Support .

-2 ) (Restraints < Joint < Assign


) (Restraints Joint .

) ... (.

) Edit Grid (

-1 ,
) (Beam .

-2 ) (Edit Grid < Draw ) (Modify Grid Lines



.

))
) (X,Y,Z
) (+X ,-X 6 ,

) (Direction
, X +X
X
) (C + D ) (12 +X
) (A + B ).(12-

*** // )(
.

-3 ) (Modify Grid Lines


) (X Location X Y
) (Y location ) (12 ) (12-
) (Add Grid Line + -
(+) X .( - ) -X

-4
)(Quick Draw Frame Element < Draw

-5 .
*** // ) (4:3 )5( ) (Beam
)3(

)5( ) (4:3 .

* X
) (X,Z ) (X,Z
) ( 4,3 ) (Modify Grid Lines .

* ) (OK ) (
X
Z .

* ) (Draw Frame Element < Draw


A B
.

) (

Model New < File

...

...

)) (Number of Grid Spaces(


) (OK ). (X,Y,Z
)(XZ

..

) (Edit Grid
.. .. ) (A
) (X&Z ) (Grids
...
- ) (Edit Grid < Draw ...

..

.. ..

.
.



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) (2000
) (

) (
...
) (Materials < Define ..

,,
) (Add New Materials
) (Material Modify/Show ...


) (Sections Frame < Define ..

!!! . ...

Beam
)
... (... ...
) (Sections Frame < Define ..
) (Sections Define Frame ..
..
) (Sections Modify/Show ...
)(
) (Add ..
) (Rectangular Add ..
).. (Sections Modify/Show

..
) (Reinforcement ...

) (Beam or Column .Cover



1 ) (Sec1 2) (Sec2
) (1 ) (Sec1 ) (2 ).(Sec2

) (1 ..

) (Frame Sections<Assign
..

) (Sec1 ) (20*60
) (ok
... ..

!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

) (
-1 -:
- ).(Joint Load
- ).(Frame Load
- ).(Surface Load
.
*** // ..

* Beam 12 6
..
.
* 26
.

* ) (Point and Uniform < Frame Static Loads < Assign

* ) (Distance

) (Load 4
. ) (OK ,,
15 .
) (.

* 2
) (),, (.
))) // ..
) .(Frame < Show Loads < Display ,,

) (OK .

* ..
) (Trapezoidal < Frame Static Loads < Assign .

* ) (
)2/"( )( )4(
)( . )4( ) 8( ) (.
) ( ,,
) (OK )1.8/"(
) 8( ) 12( .

* ) (
), (..

* ) 1.8/"( ) ( )2(
)3.2( )2( )6(
. ) (OK ..

* ). (.

*)) // ,,
) ,, (O.W
) (Static Load Cases < Define ((.

)) ) (1 ) (Change Load
).(((.(OK

) ( )(Local Axes&Global
(Global Axes) -
). (X,Y,Z
(Axes Local) - ) (Element
) (Element ) . (1,2,3 ...

-:

)(X,Y,Z

... ) (1,2,3
) (Element .
...
) (

) (2 ) (-ve .

)(Options Analysis
.
.. ) (Beam
) (XZ ) (Plane Frame ) (.

) (
-1
.
-2 ) ( Run < Analyze
).(Run

-3 ) (Run .

-4 ) (Analysis Complete ) (OK


). (.

-5

-6 ) (3-3 Moment ) (Component


)(Fill Diagram
) (Show Values On Diagram
) (OK .

-7 ) (2-2 shear ) (Component )(OK


.

) (Reactions
..

) (OK .
-8 ...
) (

) (

) (OK .

-9 ).
),, (.
.

) (
..


). (Frames)>>>(Sections

). (Options)>>>(Extrusions Show
) (.
) (.
).(Force Normal & Shear & Moment
).(Reactions
).(shrinkage
.

) (Snap .

.
) (.
.
.



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) (2000
) )((Flat Slab

, ...
) (Flat Slap .

..
kg/cm2 Fcu = 300
kg/m2 350 = Live Load
kg/m2 150 = Finishing & Flooring
= 3,5 ..
= 30.
).(0.5 - 0.5
.
..
) (...

) (

..

) (Grid .
3.5 ) (19,24
) (3,2,1 ) (6,5,4
) 24 (X ) 19 (Y ) 3.5 (Z ..
) (OK ..

Grid ).(Grid Edit < Draw


)) Grid ((.

.
)) Edit Grid ((.

..

) (XY

..


Grid ) (..

.. ..

) (a ) (b ) (c ) (d
) (a<d<c<b ...
) (Mesh
).(Finite Elements

,
) (XY ) (0.25 - 0.25
)(1 - 1..

..

) (Mesh Shells<Edit ..

24 X 19 .Y
) (1- 1) , (...
) (OK ...

) (XZ

...

..
))
((..

//
) (XZ
) (XZ
.
).(Two tiled Vertically<Windows<Options
)) ) (Supports Fixed (( ...

) (
-1

)( Materials<Define

) (.


) (Material Modify/Show ...

) (unit Volume Weight per


) (Elasticity Modulus of .

-2

,) (sections frame<Define ...

) (Section Modify/Show ...

.
-3 ) ( Sections Shell<Define ...

) (Section Modify/Show ...


)30( ) (Shell ).(OK
-4 ..
)(Limit States Design Method
) ( ).(Working Stress Design Method
). (Limit States Design Method
) (DL ) (LL
)(Factors
Wu ).(Wu=1.4DL+1.6LL

) (static load cases< Define ...


) (LOAD1 ).(DL
) (Type ) (DEAD ).(Change Load
) (Load ) (LL ).(Live
.
) (Combinations load<Define ...

) (Combo Add New ...

).(Case Name
) (Scale Factor ...
}}} ) (DL
) {{{(DL Load Case ) (Case Name ) (Factor
) (1.4 ) (Add
).(Case LL Load

).(Design Use for Concrete
$$$ ...

, .
...

) (Frames ) (Sections<frame<Assign
) (.
) (Sections<Shell<Assign

, ...
$$$ )(Uniform<Shell Static Loads<Assign

...


) (Load ) (Flooring )(Self Wight
) . .(OK
...

, ...

)(options Set
) (Set option<Analyze ...

) (Grid Plane ).(Space Frame


).(OK

) (
)(Run

...

...

...
)...(3,2,1
) (1 ).(Shear Forces
) (2 ).(Moment
) (3 ).(Normal Forces
.
).(Reactions
) (

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) (2000
) (
2004 )2000 (7.42

...


) (.
...

) 3.5(...
) (Columns&Beams ) (Shells
)(Layers
....
) (Frames

) (Slap ...
) (Frames Layer

...
,

...
) (Layer Slap )(Plan
) (dface3 ) (0.5 *0.5 ...

...
) (Array .

) (OK ...

...


...
) (Save As<File , ...

) (DXF
...
) (DXF.<Import<File
) (DXF )...(Open
...

.Z
) (OK ...

...
) (OK ...
)) ((...

...


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) (2000
) )((Slap Solid


)(...
) (Grid )(Supports

...

...

) (Supports


, ...

)(Options Set
..

). (DXF

...2000


, !!!

...

...

,,

...
) (group<define ...

) (A1 )...(Name Add New Group


...
) (group name<assign ...

)...(OK
...
) (groups<select<select ...

...

, ) (OK
...

/.


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