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Presence of
Oxalate
ions in
Guava
A Chemistry
Punit
Investigatory
Project
Goswami
12 th B
Certificate
PGT Chemistry
Acknowledgement
I hereby acknowledge my deep sense of
gratitude and indebtedness to Mr P.N. Yadav, PGT
(Chemistry) whose immense help, genius guidance,
Contents
o Aim of the project
o Introduction
o Theory
o Requirements
o Chemical
Equations
o Procedure
o Precautions
o Observations
o Calculations
o Conclusions
To study the
presence of oxalate
ions in guava
fruit at different
stages of ripening.
AI
M
Introduction
What is oxalate?
Theory
xalate ions
are
extracted
from the fruit by
boiling pulp with dilute H2SO4.
The oxalate ions are
estimated
volumetrically,
by
titrating the
solution with
KMnO4
solution. A
reagent, called the titrant, of a known concentration (a standard
solution) and volume is used to react with a solution of the
analyte or titrand, whose concentration is not known. Using a
calibrated burette or chemistry pipetting syringe to add the
titrant, it is possible to determine the exact amount that has
been consumed when the endpoint is reached. The endpoint is
the point at which the titration is complete, as determined by an
indicator. This is ideally the same volume as the equivalence
point.
Requirements
(A) Apparatus
100 ml measuring flask
Pestle & Mortar
Burette
Funnel
Filter Papers
Weighing machine
Beaker
(B)
Chemicals
1. dil. H2SO4
3. (N/10)
KMnO4
solution
2.
4.
5.
6.
Chemical Equations
7.
Molecular Equations
8.
2KMnO 4+ 3H2SO4 K2SO4+
2MnSO4+2H2O + 4[O]
9.
HOOC-COOH.2H2O + [O] 60 C 70 C
2CO2+ 2H2O x 5
10. 3KMnO4+ 3H2SO4+5 HOOC-COOH.2H2O
11.
K2SO4+ 2MnSO4+
18H2O + 10CO2
12.
13. Ionic Equations
414. MnO +16H++ 5e- Mn2++ 4H2O x 2
15.
C2O4 2CO2+ 2e-x 5
2MnO4-+ 16H++ 5C2O42- 2Mn2++8H2O + 10CO2
16.
0
18.
17.
Procedure
19.
(1)
Weighed 50 g of fresh guava and crushed it to a fine
pulp using pestle and mortar.
(2)
Transferred the crushed pulp to a beaker and added
about 50 ml dilute H2SO4 to it.
(3)
Boiled the content for about 10 minutes. Cooled and
filtered the contents in a 100 ml measuring flask.
(4)
Made up the volume 100 ml by adding ample amount of
distilled water.
(5)
Took 20 ml of the solution from the flask and added 20
ml of dilute sulphuric acid to it.
(6)
Heated the mixture to about 600 C and titrated it
against (n/10) KMnO4 solution taken in a burette till the end
point had an appearance of pink colour.
(7)
Repeated the above experiment with 50 g of 1day, 2
day and 3 day old guava fruits.
20.
21. Precautions
Observations
24.
33. 132
38. 137
42. 10.8
43. 139.
2
29. Conc
urrent
Reading
34. 136.0
6
45. Calculations
1) For raw guava
46. N1V1 = N2V2
47. N1 x 10 = (1/10) x132
48. 1/10 x Normality of oxalate = (x/100) =
strength of oxalate in fresh guava extract = normality
x Eq. mass of oxalate ion
49.
= 1.32/100 x 44g/litre of diluted
extract
50.
= 0.581 g L-1
2) For semi ripened guava (1 day old).
51. Strength of oxalate in one day old guava extract
52.
= (1.37 /100) x 44g/litre of diluted
extract
53.
= 0.603 g L-1
3) For ripened guava
54. Strength of oxalate in fresh guava extract
= ( 1.39/100) x 44g/litre of diluted
extract
55.
=
0.612 g L-1
56.
Results
60. Conclusions
61.
62.
The content of oxalate ions in guava was found to be
59.67 per cent, which is close to the literature value of 60
percent.
63.
It was also noticed that the content of oxalic ions
grows with ripening of guava.
64.
65.
66. Bibliography
1.Search engines used:
www.google.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.reader.google.com
www.labs.google.com
www.quora.com
2. Practical Chemistry by Laxmi Publications.
3. The Family Encyclopedia by Dorling Kindersley.
67.