TIU CHUN VIT NAM

TCVN 4030 : 2003

XI MNG PHNG PHP XC NH MN
Cement Test method for determination of fineness
Li ni u
TCVN 4030 : 2003 thay th cho TCVN 4030 85.
TCVN 4030 : 2003 tng ng c sa i so vi EN 196-6: 1989.
TCVN 4030 : 2003 do Ban k thut tiu chun TCVN/TC74 Xi mng vi bin son, Tng cc
tiu chun o lng Cht lng xt duyt, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh ban hnh.
Li gii thiu
TCVN 4030 : 2003 do Ban k thut tiu chun TCVN/TC74 Xi mng vi xy dng trn c s
chp nhn EN 196-6 : 1989. Tuy nhin, m bo iu kin th nghim ph hp vi iu kin
kh hu v mi trng Vit Nam, TCVN 4030 : 2003 c mt s sa i so vi EN 196-6 :
1989. Cc iu sa i bao gm:
iu 4.4 quy nh php th thm khng kh c tin hnh trong phng th nghim c nhit
27 C 2 C v m tng i khng ln hn 70%. T cc gi tr sn c lin quan n nhit
v m trn cng thc b mt ring (3) v bng 1, u thay i tng ng.
Ph lc A c b sung xc nh khi lng ring ca xi mng.
XI MNG PHNG PHP XC NH MN
Cement Test method for determination of fineness
1. Phm vi p dng
Tiu chun ny quy nh hai phng php xc nh mn ca xi mng.
Phng php sng ch p dng m t s c mt ca cc ht xi mng th. Phng php ny
ch yu dng kim tra v kim sot qu trnh sn xut.
Phng php thm khng kh (Blaine): b mt ring (b mt ring tnh theo n v khi lng)
c o bng cch so snh vi mt mu xi mng chun.
Phng php thm khng kh ch yu p dng kim tra tnh n nh ca qu trnh nghin.
Phng php ny a ra cch nh gi s b v c tnh ca xi mng khi s dng1).
Phng php sng v phng php thm khng kh p dng c cho tt c cc loi xi mng.
2. Tiu chun vin dn
ISO 383 1976 Laboratory glassware Interchangeable conical ground joints (Dng c th
nghim bng thy tinh Cc u ni t hnh cn c th lp dn)
ISO 565 1990 Test sleve Woven metal wire cloth, perforated plate and electroformed sheet
Nominal sizes of opening (Sng th nghim Li kim loi, a c l v tm c in Kch
thc l danh nh).
ISO 3310/1 1992 Test sleve Technical requirements and testing. Part 1: Test sieve of metal
wire cloth (Sng th nghim Yu cu k thut v th nghim. Phn 1: Sng th nghim lm
bng li kim loi).
ISO 4803 1978 Laboratory glassware Borosilicate glass tubing (Dng c th nghim bng thy
tinh - ng thy tinh borosilicat).
3. Phng php sng

1)

Phng php thm khng kh khng th a ra cc kt qu chnh xc i vi xi mng siu mn.

3.1 Nguyn tc
mn ca xi mng c xc nh theo phng php sng xi mng bng sng tiu chun.
mn l t l phn trm ca lng xi mng cn li trn sng so vi lng xi mng em sng.
Dng vt liu chun bit trc phn cn li trn sng kim tra sng.
3.2 Thit b
3.2.1 Sng th nghim, l mt khung chc, bn, khng g, hnh tr c ng knh danh ngha t
150 mm n 200 mm v su t 40 mm n 100 mm. Khung c lp kht vi li sng kch
thc l 90 m, lm bng si thp khng g hoc bng si kim loi chu mi mn v khng g.
Li sng phi ph hp vi cc yu cu trong bng 1 ca ISO 565 1983 v ISO 3310/1 v
khng c c li nhn thy c v kch thc mt li khi kim tra bng phng php quang
hc theo ISO 3310/1.
Pha di khung sng c mt khay c lp va kht v pha trn khung c np y trnh
hao ht xi mng trong qu trnh sng.
3.2.2 Cn k thut, c th cn n 10 g v chnh xc n 10 mg.
3.3 Vt liu kim tra sng
kim tra sng ngi ta dng vt liu chun bit trc phn cn li trn sng.
Vt liu chun c bo qun trong thng kn kh, trnh s thay i tnh cht vt liu do s hp
th m hoc tp cht t mi trng. Trn thng cha phi ghi r phn cn li trn ca vt liu
chun.
3.4 Cch tin hnh
3.4.1 Xc nh phn cn li trn sng
Trn u mu th bng cch lc xi mng khong 2 pht trong mt bnh nt kn lm tan cc
cc xi mng vn hn. Gi yn trong hai pht. Dng a thy tinh kh, sch khuy nh dn
u bt xi mng.
Lp khay kht vo di sng. Cn khong 10 g xi mng, chch xc n 0,01 g v cho xi mng vo
sng. Ch thao tc nh nhng trnh lm hao ht xi mng. y np sng. Tin hnh sng vi
chuyn ng xoay trn, dng hnh tinh v lc ngang, cho n khi khng cn xi mng lt qua
sng.
Cn lng xi mng st trn sng. mn R l t l phn trm ca lng vt liu cn li trn sng
v lng vt liu lc u cho vo sng, chnh xc n 0,1 %. Chi nh ch xi mng mn cn bm
trn mt sn xung khay.
Lp li ton b quy trnh trn vi 10 g xi mng na nhn c R2. Sau t gi tr trung bnh
ca R1 v R2, tnh lng xi mng cn li trn sng R, bng phn trm, ly chnh xc n 0,1 %.
Nu kt qu chnh lch ln hn 1 % so vi gi tr tuyt i, tin hnh sng li ln th 3 v tnh
gi tr trung bnh ca 3 ln xc nh.
Qu trnh sng tay phi do ngi thnh tho v c kinh nghim tin hnh.
Ch thch C th s dng sng my thay th, nhng kt qu sng my phi ging nh kt qu
sng tay.
3.4.2 Kim tra sng
Trn vt liu chun bng cch lc vt liu khong 2 pht trong mt bnh nt kn lm v tan cc
cc vn. Gi yn trong 2 pht. Dng a thy tinh kh sch khuy nh nhm dn u vt liu
chun.
Lp kht khay di sng. Cn khong 10 g vt liu chun (3.3), chnh xc n 0,01 g v cho vo
sng, ch trnh lm hao ht vt liu chun. Tin hnh sng nh m t iu 3.4.1 k c vic
xc nh li lng cn li trn sng c 2 gi tr P1 v P2, ly chnh xc n 0,1 %.
Qu trnh sng t yu cu khi hai gi tr P1 v P2 chnh nhau khng qu 0,3 %. Gi tr trung bnh
P biu th tnh trng ca sng.

Nu phn cn li trn sn kch thc l 90 m ca vt liu chun l R0, th h s sng F c

tnh l R0/P, ly chnh xc n 0,01. Phn cn li trn sng R, xc nh theo iu 3.4.1, phi
c hiu chnh bng cch nhn vi F, trong gi tr F c th bng 1,00 0,20.
C sau 100 ln sng phi kim tra li sng.
Ch thch C th s dng cc qui trnh kim tra sng khc nh phng php quang hc theo
ISO 3310/1. Tt c cc sng u mn dn v do h s sng F tng ng cng b thay i
theo.
3.5 Biu th kt qu
mn ca xi mng R1, l t l phn trm ca phn cn li trn sng kch thc l 90 m (ISO
565), so vi khi lng mu em sng, chnh xc n 0,1 %.
lch chun ca lp li l khong 0,2 % v ca ti lp khong 0,3 %.
Ch thch Trng hp khng c sng ISO, c th s dng qui trnh sng nh trn vi sng tiu
chun gn ging nht c th, nhng phi ghi li loi mt sng tiu chun s dng sng xi
mng.
4. Phng php thm khng kh (phng php Blaine)
4.1 Nguyn tc
mn ca xi mng c tnh theo b mt ring bng cch xc nh thi gian cn thit mt
lng khng kh nht nh thm qua mt lp mu xi mng ln, c kch thc v xp xc nh.
Trong iu kin tiu chun, b mt ring ca xi mng t l thun vi t , trong t l thi gian
cn thit mt lng khng kh thm qua lp xi mng ln. S lng v kch thc cc l rng
trong lp mu xi mng ph thuc vo s phn b kch thc ht xi mng, v quyt nh thi gian
khng kh thm qua lp mu xi mng ln.
Phng php ny c tnh so snh, v vy cn phi c mt mu chun bit trc b mt ring
hiu chun thit b.
4.2 Thit b, dng c
4.2.1 ng cha mu, l mt ng hnh tr thng, cng c kch thc v dung sai quy nh trn
hnh 1a. ng cha mu c lm t thp auxtenit khng g hoc bng vt liu chu mi mn v
khng b n mn. Mt nh v y phi phng v vung gc vi trc ng, sao cho b mt trn ca
cc g phi nm pha y ca ng. Mt ngoi ca ng c vut thon lp kn vi ng hnh
cn ca p k (ISO 383, u ni 19/34).
4.2.2 a c l, c lm t thp khng g b n mn v c khoan t 30 n 40 l, ng
knh 1 mm. ng knh v dung sai a qui nh trn hnh 1b). Khi a nm v tr trn g ca
ng cha mu th mt phng ca a phi vung gc vi trc ca ng.
4.2.3 Pittng y, l pittng c th trt t do trong ng cha mu, cha bng cch y vo
ng cha mu sao cho khi u pittng chm vo b mt trn ca ng cha mu th khong cch
gia mt trn ca a c l v mt di ca pittng y cch nhau 15 mm 1 mm.
Pittng y c mt rnh thot kh.
Pittng y c lm t thp khng g auxtenit hoc vt liu khng g, chu mi mn, kch thc
v dung sai c quy nh trn hnh 1c.
Mi pittng y ch ph hp vi mt ng cha mu tng ng, ng ny c kch thc v dung
sai ph hp dung sai cho php.
4.2.4 p k, l ng thy tinh boro silicat hnh ch U c gn cht vo gi theo phng thng
ng (ISO 4803), ng ny c kch thc, dung sai v b tr nh trn hnh 1d.
Trn nh ca mt nhnh p k l mt ng thy tinh hnh (ISO 383, u ni 19/34) gn kht vi
ng cha mu. Cng trn nhnh ny c 4 vch du v c gn vi u ni hnh ch T. V tr,
kch thc v dung sai u ni c th hin trn hnh 1d. Nhnh bn ca u ni ch T dn
n mt van ni vi thit b ht hay ng bp cao su th hin trn hnh 1d.
cht lng (4.2.5) vo ng p k lm t mt bn trong. Sau ton b cht lng ra v
li li vo ng sao cho cht lng trong p k dng ln n vch du thp nht (s 11 trn hnh

1d)). Cht lng trong p k s c thay mi (hoc lm sch) sau mt thi gian s dng hoc
trc php hiu chun mi.
Ch thch C th s dng cc dng khc ca ng cha mu v pittng y hoc cch b tr
khc ca u ni gia ng cha mu v p k, vi iu kin cc kt qu thu c tng t nh
khi dng thit b quy nh trn.
4.2.5 Cht lng p k, l cht khng bay hi, khng bin tnh do m, c nht v khi lng
ring thp, nh dibutylphtalat hoc du khong nh. Cht lng p k c n vch mc thp
nht (s 11 trn hnh 1d).
4.2.6 Dng c o thi gian, l ng h bm giy, c s c n 0,2 giy, c chnh xc n 1
%, c khong o n 300 giy.
4.2.7 Cn phn tch, c th cn khong 3 g, chnh xc n 1 mg (i vi xi mng) v khong 50
g n 110 g, chnh xc n 10 mg (i vi thy ngn).
4.2.8 Bnh xc nh khi lng ring, hoc thit b khc thun tin xc nh khi lng ring
ca xi mng.
4.3 Vt liu
4.3.1 Thy ngn, loi tinh khit thuc th hoc tt hn.
4.3.2 Xi mng chun, c b mt ring bit.
4.3.3 Du nh, chng dnh ng thy ngn trn b mt trong ca ng cha mu.
4.3.4 Giy lc hnh a trn, c kch thc bng ng knh ca ng cha mu. Giy lc c
xp trung bnh (ng knh l trung bnh 7m).
4.3.5 M nh, m bo u ni gia ng cha mu v p k v van c kn kht.

Gii thch:

Kch thc khuyn

Kch thc bt buc

1. Pittng
2. Rnh thot kh
3. ng cha mu
4. Mu xi mng c ln
5. Giy lc hnh trn
6. a c l
7. p k
8, 9, 10, 11. Cc vch du
12. u ni hnh cn ca ng cha mu
13. Van

co
mm
A 50

G = 12,7 0,1
E = G 0,1
H = 15 1

B = 135 10
C = 275 25
D = 23 1
J = 50 15
K = 0,8 2
L = 0,9 0,1
M = 9,0 0,4

14. ng cao su
15. Bu ht
Khuyn co
Hnh 1 Thit b th thm khng kh Blaine
4.4 iu kin th
Php th thm khng kh c tin hnh trong phng th nghim c nhit n nh 27 C 2
C. m tng i khng ln hn 70 %. Vt liu th v hiu chun c bo qun nhit
phng th nghim v trnh s hp th m ca mi trng.
4.5 Lp mu xi mng ln
4.5.1 Nguyn tc
Lp mu xi mng ln c to thnh t cc ht xi mng v th tch khng kh gia cc ht xi
mng ny. Th tch khng kh gia cc ht xi mng l mt phn ca ton b th tch lp mu xi
mng ln v c gi l xp e.
T phn th tch do cc ht xi mng chim l (1 e). Nu V l th tch ton phn ca lp mu
xi mng, th th tch tuyt i ca xi mng l V(1 e), tnh bng centimt khi, v khi lng ca
xi mng m l pV(1 e), tnh bng gam, trong p l khi lng ring ca cc ht xi mng, tnh
bng gam trn centimt khi.
V vy nu bit p, c th cn c khi lng xi mng bit trc xp e ca lp xi mng ln
vi th tch ton phn V. Php xc nh p c nu iu 4.5.3 v V iu 4.7.1.
4.5.2 Chun b mu th
Trn mu xi mng th bng cch lc xi mng trong bnh nt kn khong 2 pht lm v cc hn
xi mng vn. Gi yn trong 2 pht. Dng a thy tinh kh, sch khuy nh xi mng dn u
bt xi mng.
4.5.3 Xc nh khi lng ring
Dng bnh khi lng ring (ph lc A) xc nh khi lng ring ca xi mng (4.2.8). S
dng cht lng khng phn ng vi xi mng xc nh khi lng ring. Lng xi mng dng
ph thuc vo thit b, gi tr p c xc nh chnh xc n 0,01 g/cm3. Kim tra xc nhn
chnh xc ny bng php xc nh lp li.
Khi lng ring l gi tr trung bnh ca hai ln xc nh, chnh xc n 0,01 g/cm3.
4.5.4 Ch to mu th
c mt lp xi mng th vi xp e = 0,500, cn mt lng xi mng m, tnh c t cng
thc sau:
m1 = 0,500 pV (g) (1)
trong

p l khi lng ring ca xi mng th, tnh bng g/cm3 (4.5.3);

V l th tch ca lp mu xi mng th, tnh bng cm3 (4.7.1).
Khi lng xi mng ny khi ln ng cch s to c mu th c xp 0,500. t a c l
(4.2.2) ln mp di ca ng cha mu (4.2.1) v trn t mt giy lc mi ct theo hnh a
(4.3.4). Ch giy lc phi ph kn a c l. Dng a kh, sch lm phng giy lc.
lng xi mng m cn vo ng cha mu, ch cn thn trnh hao ht. G nh vo ng cha
mu san phng xi mng. t giy lc th hai ln trn lp xi mng san phng. a pittng
(4.2.3) vo tip xc vi giy lc. n pittng nh, chc cho n khi mt di ca vng ta p
st ng cha mu. T t rt pittng ra khong 5 mm, ri quay mt gc 90 v mt ln na n
nh v chc cho n khi pittng st vi ng cha mu. Lp mu xi mng c ln cht v
sn sng cho php th thm khng kh. T t rt pittng ra.
Ch thch Vic ln cht v mnh hai ln c th thay i s phn b c ht v v vy b mt
ring ca lp xi mng c th thay i. Do , lc ln ln nht c th tng ng lc khi n
ngn ci vo pittng.
4.6 Th thm khng kh
4.6.1 Nguyn tc
B mt ring (S) theo 4.9.1, c tnh bng cm2/g, theo cng thc:

(2)
Trong :
K

l hng s ca thit b th (4.7.2);

l xp ca lp mu xi mng ln;

l thi gian o, s;

l khi lng ring ca xi mng, g/cm3, (4.5.3);

l nht ca khng kh ti nhit th nghim ly theo bng 1 (Pa.s).

Khi xp xc nh l e = 0,5 v nhit l 27 C 2 C, th b mt ring c xc nh nh

sau :

(3)
4.6.2 Cch tin hnh
a mt hnh cn ca ng cha mu vo trong l pha trn ca p k, nu cn c th dng mt
cht m nh (4.3.5) m bo mi ni kn kht. Ch trnh ng vo lp xi mng th.
y kn ng cha mu. M van v nh nhng nng mc cht lng trong p k n vch du cao
nht (s 8 trn hnh 1d). ng van li v quan st mc cht lng trong p k khng i. Nu cht
lng h xung phi kim tra li mi ni ng cha mu/p k v kn ca van. Lp li vic kim
tra kn n kh kn m bo mc cht lng gi khng i. M van v t t iu chnh, nng
mc cht lng n vch du cao nht. ng van li, m np ng cha mu. Mc cht lng trong
p k bt u h xung. Bm ng h giy khi cht lng t ti vch du th hai (s 9 trn hnh
1d) v khi cht lng chm ti vch du th ba (s 10 trn hnh 1d) th dng li. Ghi li thi gian t,
chnh xc n 0,2 giy v khi nhit chnh xc n 1 C.
Lp li qui trnh trn vi cng mt mu th v ghi li cc gi tr c thm v thi gian v nhit .
Chun b mu th mi t cng loi xi mng. Mu th hai theo qui trnh 4.5.4 hoc nu c mt
cht xi mng b v ra t lp xi mng u tin th cng to li theo nh 4.5.4. Tin hnh th thm
khng kh hai ln trn mu th hai, ghi li cc thi gian v nhit nh hai ln trc.
4.7 Hiu chun thit b
4.7.1 Xc nh th tch mu th

Do c khong cch gia ng cha mu v pittng, th tch lp mu xi mng ln s khc nhau ty

cp ng cha mu v pittng. Th tch lp mu xi mng ln s c hnh thnh theo kch thc
ng cha mu pittng c.
Xc nh th tch ny nh sau :
Bi mt lp mng du khong nh (4.3.3) vo mt trong ca ng cha mu. t a c l ln
mp di ca ng cha mu. t hai giy lc mi hnh trn ln a c l, ch l mi giy lc
ph kn y ca ng cha mu.
Cho thy ngn vo ng cha mu (4.3.1). Dng a kh, sch, ht ht cc bt kh ra. Ch sao
cho ng phi cha y thy ngn bng cch n tm thy tinh trn b mt thy ngn cho n khi
thy ngn trn trn ming ng. thy ngn ra v cn lng thy ngn m2, chnh xc n 0,01
g. Ghi li thi gian v nhit . Ly mt ming giy lc ra. To lp mu xi mng ln theo phng
php m t 4.5.4 v t thm trn mu ny mt ming giy lc mi. Li thy ngn vo
ng cha mu, ht ht cc bt kh ra v to dy nh nu trn. thy ngn ra v cn
chnh xc n 0,01 g c m3, kim tra nhit . Th tch lp mu th V l :

(cm3)

(4)

Trong :
pH

l khi lng ring ca thy ngn ti nhit th, ly theo bng 1.

Lp li qui trnh trn vi cc lp mu xi mng mi cho n khi cc gi tr ca V chnh nhau nh

hn 0,005 cm3. Ghi li gi tr trung bnh ca hai gi tr V.
Cnh bo Ch trnh khng thy ngn trn hoc bn ra, khng thy ngn tip xc vi
da v mt ca th nghim vin.
4.7.2 Xc nh hng s ca thit b
T mu xi mng chun bit b mt ring (4.3.2), chun b mu th v o thm khng kh
ca xi mng chun theo qui trnh nu 4.5.2, 4.5.3, 4.5.4 v 4.6.2. Ghi li thi gian t v nhit
ca php th. Lp li hai ln qui trnh 4.6.2 trn cng lp mu th ny v ghi thm hai gi tr
thi gian v nhit . Lp li ton b qui trnh trn hai mu na ca cng loi xi mng chun.
Tnh gi tr trung bnh t ba kt qu ca ba mu.
Hng s ca thit b th (K) i vi tng mu, c tnh theo cng thc :

(5)
Trong :
S0

l b mt ring ca xi mng chun, cm2/g;

p0

l khi lng ring ca xi mng chun, g/cm3;

t0

l gi tr trung bnh ca ba ln o thi gian, s;

n0

l nht khng kh ti gi tr trung bnh ca ba nhit , Pa.s (bng 1).

Vi xp xc nh e = 0,500.

(6)
Ly gi tr trung bnh ca ba gi tr K, l hng s K ca thit b.
4.7.3 Hiu chun li
Vic s dng li thit b c th gy s thay i v th tch mu th v hng s ca thit b (do
ng cha mu, pittng v a khoan b mn). Cc thay i ny c th c xc nh nh loi xi
mng chun th c b mt ring xc nh. Th tch lp xi mng ln v hng s ca thit b
c hiu chun li theo xi mng chun.

a) sau 1 000 php th;

b) trong trng hp c s dng:
- loi cht lng khc cho p k;
- loi giy lc khc;
- ng p k mi;
c) khi c nhng sai lch h thng ca xi mng chun th cp.
4.8 Xi mng c bit
Mt s loi xi mng nht nh c s phn b c ht khc thng, c bit cc loi xi mng mn
c cng cao hn th kh c th to thnh lp xi mng ln vi xp e = 0,500 theo phng
php nu 4.5.4. C th khi n mnh ngn tay vo pittng, nhng vn khng th chm c
mt trn ng cha mu, hoc ngay c khi cha n ngn tay th chm st. Trong c hai trng
hp trn u rt kh c c xp e = 0,500 theo yu cu.
Trong nhng trng hp nh vy, xp yu cu cho lp xi mng ln c xc nh theo kinh
nghim, khi lng ca xi mng m4, to lp xi mng ln nh nu 4.5.4 l :
m4 = (1 e1) p1V (g)

(7)

trong e1 l xp xc nh theo kinh nghim.

4.9 n gin ha cc php tnh ton
4.9.1 Cng thc c bn
B mt ring, S, ca xi mng th nghim, c tnh theo cc cng thc sau:

(cm2/g)

(8)

trong :
S0

l b mt ring ca xi mng chun, cm2/g (4.3.2);

l xp ca lp xi mng th;

e0

l xp ca lp xi mng chun (4.7.2);

l thi gian o c ca mu th, s;

t0

l trung bnh ca ba thi gian o i vi xi mng chun, s (4.7.2);

l khi lng ring ca xi mng th, g/cm3 (4.5.3);

p0

l khi lng ring ca xi mng chun, g/cm3 (4.7.2);

l nht khng kh to nhit th, ly t bng 1, Pa.s;

n0

l nht khng kh to nhit trung bnh ca ba nhit i vi xi mng chun, Pa.s.

4.5.2 nh hng ca xp xc nh
Vic s dng xp xc nh e = 0,500 cho c hai loi xi mng chun v xi mng em th
nghim s n gin cng thc 8 l:

(cm2/g)

(9)

Trong trng hp cc loi xi mng cn c xp khc vi e = 0,500 th khng dng cng thc 9,
tr khi xi mng chun c th nghim ti xp .
4.9.3 nh hng ca nhit kim sot

Nh thy trong bng 1, gi tr

0,1n s nm trong di t 0,001354 nhit 25 C n

0,001361 nhit 29 C. Di cc iu kin ca phng th nghim 27 C, gi tr 0,0013575 c

th p dng vi sai s ln nht l 0,5% v sai s c th l 0,3 % ln hn hoc nh hn. S n
gin ha ny dn n cng thc sau:

(cm2/g)

(10)

4.9.4 nh hng ca khi lng ring ca xi mng

n gin ha c th chn mt gi tr khi lng ring trung bnh (p). iu ny thc hin c
khi xi mng th nghim l xi mng poclng v gi tr khi lng ring p dng l p = 3,15. iu
ny cho php lp sai s n 1%.
Khi s dng xi mng khc nhau, chc chn sai s s ln hn. Tiu chun ny yu cu phi xc
nh khi lng ring ca xi mng s dng trong tnh ton b mt ring (xem ph lc A).
4.10 Bo co kt qu
Khi xp e = 0,500 theo 4.6.2, phi xc nh bn gi tr nhit kim tra rng nhit th
nm trong phm vi 27 C 2 C. Nu nhit th nm trong phm vi xc nh trn th gi tr trung
bnh ca bn gi tr ny c s dng trong cng thc 3 hoc cng thc 10. Kt qu b mt
ring ca xi mng, S, c tnh chnh xc n 10 cm2/g.
Nu lch gia gi tr trung bnh ca gi tr mn thc hin trn hai lp mu xi mng ln
khc nhau ca chnh mu l 1 %, th chp nhn c.
lch chun ca lp li khong bng 50 cm2/g v ca ti lp khong bng 100 cm2/g.
Khi xp khng bng 0,500 th p dng cng thc (8). Kt qu ly chnh xc n 10 cm2/g biu
th cho b mt ring ca xi mng .
Nu vic kim tra b gin on hoc v mt l do no khc, bn gi tr nhit khng nm trong
phm vi 27 C 2 C th s dng cng thc 2 hoc cng thc 8 tnh gi tr S.
Kt qu kt mt ring c biu th bng gi tr trung bnh ca bn gi tr S, tnh chnh xc n 10
cm2/g.
Bng 1 Khi lng ring ca thy ngn pH, nht ca khng kh n v

0,1n theo nhit

Nhit

Khi lng ring ca

thy ngn, PH

nht ca khng
kh n,

0,1n

g/cm3

Pa.s

18

13,550

0,000 017 98

0,001 341

20

13,550

0,000 018 08

0,001 345

22

13,540

0,000 018 18

0,001 348

24

13,540

0,000 018 28

0,001 352

26

13,530

0,000 018 38

0,001 356

28

13,530

0,000 018 48

0,001 359

30

13,520

0,000 018 58

0,001 363

32

13,520

0,000 018 68

0,001 367

34

13,510

0,000 018 78

0,001 370

Ch thch Cc gi tr trung gian s nhn c bng php ni suy tuyn tnh.

Ph lc A
(tham kho)
Phng php xc nh khi lng ring ca xi mng
A.1 Nguyn tc
Xc nh t s gia khi lng ca mu xi mng em th v th tch ca xi mng thng qua th
tch phn cht lng chim ch trong bnh khi lng ring khi th trong iu kin nhit xc
nh.
A.2 Dng c v thit b th
- Bnh xc nh khi lng ring, bnh cao c theo m t nh hnh A.1;
- Cn phn tch, chnh xc n 0 ,01 g;
- B n nhit;
- Du ha;
- Phu nh.

Hnh A.1 Bnh khi lng ring

A.3 Cch tin hnh
A.3.1 Mu xi mng c sy kh n khi lng khng i v ngui trong bnh ht m n
nhit phng th nghim.
A.3.2 t bnh khi lng ring vo b n nhit v duy tr nhit 27 C 2 C. Gi bnh trong
b n nhit sao cho phn chia ca bnh ngp trong b v gi cht khng cho bnh ni ln.
Sau dng phu du ha vo bnh n vch s khng (0). Dng bng hoc giy lc thm
ht nhng git du bm quanh c bnh.
A.3.3 Cn 65 g mu th A.3.1, chnh xc n 0,01 g, dng tha nh xc xi mng v t t qua
phu vo bnh, du trong bnh dng ln n mt vch no ca phn chia pha trn.
A.3.4 B bnh ra khi b n nhit, v xoay lc bnh trong khong 10 pht sao cho khng kh trong
xi mng thot ht ra ngoi. t bnh tr li b n nhit trong khong 10 pht nhit ca bnh
cn bng nhit ca b n nhit. Ghi li mc cht lng trong bnh (Vd).
A.3.5 Tin hnh 2 php xc nh theo qui trnh trn.
A.4 Biu th kt qu
Khi lng ring ca xi mng (p), tnh bng gam trn centimt khi (g/cm3), theo cng thc:
P=

m
V

xm
d

Trong
mxm

khi lng mu xi mng em th, tnh bng gam;

Vd

th tch du chim ch xi mng, tnh bng cm3.

Kt qu trung bnh cng ca hai kt qu xc nh song song, ly chnh xc n 0,01 g/cm3.

Trng hp hai kt qu chnh lch nhau ln hn 0,05 g/cm 3, loi b kt qu ny v tin hnh
th li trn mu xi mng ban u.
A.5 Bo co th nghim
Bo co th nghim phi bao gm cc thng tin sau:
- Thng tin v mu th;
- Kt qu tnh ton khi lng ring ca xi mng, cng nh cc gi tr khi lng mu th (g) v
th tch du chim ch xi mng (cm3);
- Cc thng tin c bit trong qu trnh th nghim;
- Tn ngi v ngy th nghim.