Cathodic Protection Report

 Introduction

)
(embedded in concrete
).(Atmospheric Corrosion

-1

) Corrosion ( meaning & causes

-2

Forms and types of corrosion

-3

Methods of corrosion protection

-4
-5

Concept of cathodic protection

Methods of cathodic protection

Impressed current

Sacrificial anodes

-6
-7

Measurements of cathodic protection

Design of cathodic protection

-8

NUBARIA cathodic protection system

Cathodic Protection Report

 -1
Meaning of corrosion
: Definition of Corrosion
* corrosion


) .(Low Efficency
) (
)(Metal Deterioration
.

Cathodic Protection Report

 Conditions of Corrosion
* :
-1 ) Cathode : ( ve-
) ( )
V (
.
-2 ) Anode : ( ve+
) ( )
V (
.
-3 : Electrolyte
) (
.
-4 : Metallic conductor

:
.
:Description of cathodic protection
* ) ( Corrosion Cells
) (Electro-Chemical Reaction
) (

"" ""
.

Cathodic Protection Report

"
) ( ANODE .

Electro-Chemical Series
5

Cathodic Protection Report

(V)

3.01-

Li

Lithium

2.92-

POTASSIUM

2.84-

Ca

CALCIUM

2.71-

Na

SODIUM

2.38-

Mg

MAGNESIUM

1.66-

Al

ALUMINUM

0.76-

Zn

ZINC

0.71-

Cr

CHROMIUM

0.44-

Fe

IRON

0.4-

Cd

CADMMIUM

0.23-

Ni

NICKEL

0.14-

Sn

TIN

0.13-

Pb

LEAD

HYDROGEN

0.34+

Cu

CUPPER

0.8+

Ag

SILVER

0.83+

Pd

PLLADIUM

0.85+

Hg

MERCURY

1.2+

Pt

PLATINUM

1.42+

Au

GOLD

-2
Forms and types of corrosion
Forms of Corrosion :
Cathodic Protection Report

 :
-1 :
0


.
2 :

3 :


)
, , , ,
(
) (.

: Types of corrosion
-1

GENERAL CORROSION

Cathodic Protection Report

 ) ( Regular Corrosion

) (Corrosion Rate

-2 GALVANIC CORROSION


(( GALVANIC SERIES

-3 CREVICE CORROSION
8

Cathodic Protection Report


) ( ) (
) (

-4 PITTING CORROSION


(STAINLESS STEEL).

-5 SELECTIVE CORROSION
9

Cathodic Protection Report




-6 EROSION CORROSION

.

-7 STRESS CORROSION

) ( RESIDUAL STRESS
- -
.

-3

10

Cathodic Protection Report

Methods of Corrosion Protection

:
-1 Coating of metal surface


) (

:
-A

)( Metallic Coating


.

-B

) (Organic Coating )
(




.

-C

: .

-D

) :(Inorganic Coating
.

*
)(Coating Type
.

11

Cathodic Protection Report

 -2 Change of corrosive medium voltage

) (
)
(Corrosion Rate ) (Reversable Current
) (Cathodic Protection

) (Anodic Protection
) (Industrial and Commercial applications

.
.

12

Cathodic Protection Report

-4

Principle and Applications of Cathodic Protection

) (Corrosion Inhibitor
) (Cathodic Protection

)Impressed
(Curent ) (Sacrificial Anodes

) )& General
(Complete Protection

)
(0.85
)(General Protection

) (Homogeneous Soil )Non
(Homogeneous Soil



) (Current Veil


13

Cathodic Protection Report


) (
.
:

a. Underground Pipelines
b. Underground Storage Tanks
c. Aboveground Storage Tank
d. Internal surfaces of tanks
e. Offshore structures

-5
Methods of cathodic protection

- A .IMPRESSED CURRENT
14

Cathodic Protection Report

 )
) ) Transformer Rectifier
Ground bed
150 100

15

Cathodic Protection Report


) 20 (
.

:
-1
.
-2
.
-3 .
-4 .

:
-1 .
-2 .

)(The Ground bed

Fe-Si 0.1
0.5//
0.1 2
// ) (3.5 .
16

Cathodic Protection Report



.
specific soil resistivety
:
-A

Shallow Ground
Beds )(Horizontal 3-2

-B Vertical Ground Beds

.
-C
Deep Wells
)) Closed Hole 30 .

17

Cathodic Protection Report

 ) (Soil Resistance

) (Ground Beds



) (Consumption rate
) (1.5
.

)(Transformer Rectifier

.1 Air - Cooled T/R
.2 ) Oil - Cooled T/R
(
.3 Explosion Proof T/R

18

Cathodic Protection Report




) (Transformer Rectifier
) (Transformer Rectifier

.
) (Poor Insulation
:
Blocking Diode
Variable Resistor .
Surge Protection

B- SACRIFICIAL ANODES

19

Cathodic Protection Report

 Sacrificial Anodes
Galvanic Action
,

Negative More .

20

Cathodic Protection Report


) (Limited Area
,
, ,


Mg Al Zn
.

ANODE CORE (STEEL ROD) : -1
MAGNESIUM METAL INGOT : -2
CLOTH SACK : -3
ABSORBENT MATERIAL : -4
CONNECTION WIRE : -5 .T.P

21

Cathodic Protection Report

:
-1
-2

:
-1

-2

-3

22

Cathodic Protection Report

 -6

) (Half Cell
)(Copper Pole
(Referance Pole .

half cell

half
cell

half cell

23

Cathodic Protection Report


) (
.

: -:
-1

) 1700- 850- (
.

-2

) 850- 250- (
-:

) 650- 850- (
.
) 450- 650- (
.
) 250- 450- (
) (
.
-3

-4

STEEL
.

24

Cathodic Protection Report

:
:
-1 " "
.

25

Cathodic Protection Report

 -2
.
-3 " "
TEST POST
:

2

.

TEST POST

26

Cathodic Protection Report

 5 2 ,

,
3 3

,
)
( .

Test Post

27

Cathodic Protection Report

- 7
28

Cathodic Protection Report

Design of cathodic protection

:
Type of Protected Metal
Area of Protected Surface

Electric Resistance of Anode

Types of Coating
Current Density

) /^ (2

29

Cathodic Protection Report




:
-1 )(The design current denisty
-2 )(Area of the pipe
-3 )(Consumption rate
-4 )(Coating breakdown factor

Design parameter

Typical Value

Anode Consumption Rate

A hours/ pound 1280

Coating Breakdown Factor

)(FBE
Design current density for steel
in seawater
Design current density in sand or
mud

to 1.0% (initial) 0.5%

(after 20 years) 10%
)12mA/ft2 (initial
)7mA/ft2 (after polarization
2mA/ft2 (initial and after
)polarization

:
-1 :
Ireq = Idesign * Apipe *FC /1000

)(1

Where:

)(Ireq) is the total current demand (Amps

) Idesign ( is the design current density

)Apipe (is the total area of the pipeline

)FC ( is the coating breakdown factor

30

Cathodic Protection Report

: -2
Wanodes = (Ireq * 8760 hr/year * expected life) / (Consumption rate * efficiency)
(2)
Where:
)

Wanodes( is the total anodes weight need to provide the current requirement

Ireq( is the required current calculated in equation (1).

(1)
(Consumption rate)

: -3
Ntotal = Wanodes/ W bracelet

(3)

Where:
)Ntotal( is the total number of bracelet anodes requires
)Wanodes( is the total weight calculated in equation (2).
(2)
)

W bracelet( is the weight of each individual bracelet

Cathodic Protection Report

31