1

HDPE

DEPARTMENT OF HIGHWAYS, MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT

RATCHATHEWI, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND

HDPE

2554

1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5 Interceptor Ditch
3.6
3.7
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5

1
2
2
4
4
5
6
6
6
11
17
27
32
37
37
39
39
39
40
40
41
42
42
42
43
45
52

( )

5

58
65
66
73

1.1
2.1
2.2
2.3 (time of concentration, Tc)
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
2.10
2.11
2.12
2.13
2.14 Moody
2.15 basin type 1 ( 27)
2.16 basin type III
2.17 basin type III
2.18 basin type IV
2.19
2.20 shape factor K
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4 33
3.5 Interceptor
3.6
3.7

2
12
14
15
17
18
19
19
20
20
21
23
28
29
31
32
33
34
35
36
36
37
37
39
40
40
41
41

( )

4.1
4.2
4.3 HDPT
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
HDPT (Interceptor Ditch)
4.8 HDPE
4.9 HDPE 150 .
5.1 Interceptor Ditch
5.2
5.3
5.4
5.5 HDPE

42
43
44
45
46
47
52
53
57
58
59
60
61
64

HDPE

( ) 1

4139 ()- () . 30+025-.
30+100






HDPE

1
1.1
( ) 4
4006 4 401
44
(Side Slope) (Back Slope) .. 2551 - .. 2554
(Side Slope)
(Back Slope)


( ) (Side Slope)
(Back Slope)

(Berm)

(Interceptor Ditch) (Stepped drain chute)

1.1

.. 2551
() 4139 ()-()
.30+025- . 30+100
1-3
4-6

Shotcrete Slope Protection
(Interceptor Ditch)
7 Ditch Linning
20

21

( 16.30 ) (Stepped drain
chute) 3
0.60 0.60 0.60



10.00





1.2
2552
4139 ()- () . 30+025-.30+100 0.075
. 2553 ( )
.27/2553 27 2553 23 2554
17,994,396.00

10

1.2.1


1.2.2

1.2.3
1.3
() .27/2553
27 2553 23 2554


1.3.1

25000

1.3.2 (Surface Runoff) Interceptor
() Interceptor
45
HDPE Interceptor

( HDPE 110 .
100 110 .

)
1.3.3
16.3 (Stepped drain
chute)
10
10

11

HDPE

1.4.
1.4.1

1.4.2

1.4.3 HDPE

12

2

2.1

9
58 98 38 580

3,425

2 60

4,275.4
203 794.1
27 24 460.9 22 2513






24 2505

25 26 2505
935 445
1,320
4 2515
24 94.0
2.2 (precipitation)
2.2.1

13

(hail)
(snow)
(condensation nuclei)
(sulphur) (nitrogen)

(freezing nuclei)
(coalescence)

(1) (collision-coalescence process) (capture
process) (warm rain process)

0.001 mm 0.1 mm



0c
(2) (ice crystal process)


0c (super cooled water)

(3) (lightening process)

(oxygen)
(nitrous oxide) (nitrogen oxide)

2.2.2 (forms of precipitation)

(1) (drizzle) (mist)

14

0.1 mm 0.5 mm 0.004 in 0.02 in

1 mm/hr 0.04 in/hr
(2) (rain) 0.5 mm
0.02 in



2.1

(trace)
P<0.1 mm
0.1 mm < P < 35 mm
(light rain)
10.1 mm < P < 35 mm
(moderate rain)
35.1 mm < P < 90 mm
(heavy rain)
90.1 mm < P
(very heavy rain)
P (mm) 1
2.2

(isolated)
(widely scattered)
(scattered)
(almost widespread)
(widespread)
(widespread)

20 %
20% 40%
40% 60%
60% 80%
80%

15

2.3

(mm/hr)
1-5
5 10
10 20
20

(3) (glaze)

0.8 0.9
0C
(4) (rime)
0.2 0.3
(5) (snow)
0.1
(6) (hail)
5mm 125 mm 0.2 in 5 in
0.8 Coffeyville, Kan
3 .. 2513 44 cm 766 gm
(7) (sleet)

0C 5 mm
2.2.3 4
(1) (convective rain)

16

(2) (orographic rain)

(windward side)


(leeward side)
(rain-shadow)



(3) (cyclonic rain)






() (depression)
33 61 . /.
() (tropical storm)
34-63 63-117 ./.
() (typhoon) 64
118 ./. 130
241 ./. (supper typhoon)

17

3 4

(4) (frontal rain) 2
2

20 km 40 km

2.3
2.3.1 (run-off)




1. Rational
1.3

(C)

QR = CIA
SI
QR = 0.278 CIA

QR = 0.278 x 10-6 CIA

QR
C
I
A

=
=
=
=

(ft3 / s, m3 / s)
2.1 2.2
(mm/hr, in/hr)
(km2 , m2 )

. (run-off coefficient, C)

C=

18

2.1

C 1.0

2.1

n
SI
QR
= 0.278 I Cj Aj
2.1
j=1
n

QR
=
0.278 x 10-6 I
CA
2.2
j=1 j j
Cj
Aj

2.1

(C)

0.44-0.45
0.50-0.55
0.55-0.60
0.50-0.70
0.40-0.70
0.50-0.70
0.20-0.30
0.20-0.30
0.10-0.30

19

2.2



/

1. < 50%
0-2%
2-7%
> 7%
2. 50-75%
0-2%
2-7%
> 7%
3. 75%
0-2%
2-7%
> 7%

1.
0-2%
2-7%
> 7%
2.
0-2%
2-7%
> 7%

( )
10
25

50

100

0.73
0.75

0.77
0.80

0.81
0.83

0.86
0.88

0.90
0.92

0.95
0.97

0.32
0.37
0.40

0.34
0.40
0.43

0.37
0.43
0.45

0.40
0.46
0.49

0.44
0.49
0.52

0.47
0.53
0.55

0.25
0.33
0.37

0.28
0.36
0.40

0.30
0.38
0.42

0.34
0.42
0.46

0.37
0.45
0.49

0.41
0.49
0.53

0.21
0.29
0.34

0.23
0.32
0.37

0.25
0.35
0.40

0.29
0.39
0.44

0.32
0.42
0.47

0.36
0.46
0.51

0.31
0.35
0.39

0.34
0.38
0.42

0.36
0.41
0.44

0.40
0.44
0.48

0.43
0.48
0.15

0.47
0.51
0.54

0.20
0.31
0.35

0.25
0.34
0.39

0.28
0.36
0.41

0.31
0.40
0.45

0.35
0.43
0.48

0.39
0.47
0.52

. (rainfall intensity: I)
(I) 1

20

mm/hr in/hr
(rainfall depth) (rainfall duration)

2.2

21

(I)

2.3

2.3

( )

( .. 2535)

2-25
25-50
>50
5-10
10-25
50-100

5-10
10-25
50-100
5
: 5
2

. (duration)

(time of concentration, Tc)
2.3

L1 + L2

2.3 (time of concentration, Tc)

22

Tc 2.4
2.4 Tc

1. Kirpich (1940)

2. California Culverts
Practice
(1942)

3. Federal Aviation
Administration (1970)

4.U.S Department of
Agriculture Soil
Conservation Service
(SCS:1986)
5. CMD (..2511)

Tc (min)
Tc = 0.0078L0.77 S -0.385
L =
(FT)
S =
(FT/FT)
TC = 60(11.9L3/H)0.385
L =
(mi)
H =

(ft)
TC = ((0.87L3)/H)0.385
L =
(Km.)
H =

(m)
TC = 1.8 (1.1 C) L0.50/S0.333
C =
2.1, 2.2
L = (ft)
S = (%)
1 ___
L
TC = ___
60

L = (ft)
V = (ft/s)
( 2.4)
TC = 10 + L/V = 10+ +L /5/5
L = 45
(m)
V =
(m/min)

. 3-10 %

. TCR=TC x 0.4
. TCR=TC x 0.2
Kirpich

2.4

23

6. Kerbys
Equation(1959)

TC
L
c
S
n

7. Bransby Williams
Equation
(1922)

TC
L
A
S

Tc (min)
= c(n.Ls-0.5)0.467
= <
365 m (1000 ft)
= 1.44 L m
= 0.83 L ft
=
=

= 21.3 L/(A0.1 .S0.2)
=
()
= (.)
=

n 2.5

2.4

(atmospheric pressure)
(hydraulic grade line)
2
2.4.1 (natural open channel)

2.4

2.4

24

2.4.2 (artificial channel)

(contour)
(drainage ditch)
(roadsite gutter)

2.5
2.4.3
2
(type of flow) (state of flow)
2.4.3.1 2
1. (time criterion) 2
(steady flow)
y V Q
(dt)
d
(y, V, Q, ) = 0
dt

..2.3

2.3 2.6

25

2.6
(unsteady flow)
y V Q

d
dt

(y, V, Q, ) 0

..2.4

2.4 2.7

2.7
2. (space criterion) 2
(uniform flow) y
x 2.8

26

2.8
2.8 y x
y f (x)

dy
dx

..2.5
=0

..2.6

(varied flow) (no uniform flow)

2.9

2.9
2.9 y x
y = f (x)
dy

0
dx
2

..2.7
..2.8

27

1. (gradually varied flow, GVF)

2. (rapidly varied flow, RVF)
(hydraulic jump) (hydraulic drop)

2.10

2.10
2.4.3.2 3
(viscous force) (gravity force)
(inertia force)
1.

Reynold number (Nr) =

VR
v

..2.9

V
R
v
2.9

3
(laminar flow)
500

28

(turbulent flow)
2000
(transitional flow)
500 2000
2.
(Froude number)
Froude number (Fr) =

V
gD

..2.10

V
g
D (hydraulic depth)


3
(critical state flow) 1

(subcritical state flow)
1
(supercritical state flow)
1
2.4.4
(gravity
force)


2.11
(normal flow)
2.11 (prismatic channel)
y1 y2
(bottom slope, s0) (surface slope, sw)

29

(hydraulic grade line)

v1 v2
(energy grade
line, Sf)

2.11

1. y, A, Q V
2. S0 = Sw = Sf S
(acceleration)
(deceleration)

(free-body diagram) 1
2 2.11 3
1. (hydrostatic pressure force) F1 F2
2. W
(Fg)

y
A
L

Fg = W sin
Fg = yAL sin

..2.11

30

sin

sin tan S 2.11
..2.12
Fg = yALS
3. (resistance force ; F1)

..2.13
Ff = T0PL
T0
(wall shear stress)
P (wetted perimeter)
L
.. 2316 Antoine Chezy
(To) (V)
To V2
..2.14

To = KV2
K
To 2.14 2.13
..2.15
Ff = KV2PL

..2.16
F1 + Fg F2 Ff = 0
1 2
F1 = F2 2.16
..2.17
Fg = Ff
2.17
Fg 2.12 Ff 2.15 2.17
yALS = KV2PL

R =

V =

A
P

y
K

V = C RS
(hydraulic radius)

A
P

S
..2.18

31

C = y Chezy
K
2.18 Antoine Chezy

V R
S S Sf

S0 Sw
Sf 2.18 S = S0 = Sw =Sf
Robert Manning (.. 2434 2438)

Chezy Manning

C=

1
n

1
6

..2.19

n Manning Chow (..2502) n

2.5 C 2.19 2.18

1
n

2
3

1
2

2
3

1
2

V= R S
Q = VA
1

..2.20

Q = n AR S
..2.21
2.20 2.21 Manning
(valid) (fully turbulent flow)
..2509 Henderson
Manning (n) (R)
(S)
..2.22
n6 RS 1.1 x 10 13

32

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

2.5 Manning

(natural channels)



(flood plains)




(excavated earth channels)




(artificially lined channels)

n
0.030
0.040
0.035
0.035
0.050
0.075
0.150
0.022
0.025
0.030
0.035
0.010
0.011
0.012
0.014
0.015
0.013
0.012
0.014
0.012
0.013
0.015
0.016
0.022
0.025

33

n
(judgement) (factors)
1. (surface roughness)
(fine grain) n (coarse grain) n
2. (vegetation)
n


3.


4. (scouring and silting)



2.5


1.

2.
3.

2.5.1
.. 2426 (Osborne Reynolds)

1)
2)
3)

34

(inertia force) (viscous force)

(Reynold number; NR)

........2.23
........2.24
V
D

3 2.6
2.6

4000< NR

4000<< NR

2.5.2
(major Losses)

2.12

35

2.12 1 2 h r

.....2.25

V1 =V2 2.25

.....2.26

2.5.2.1 (enerdy loss in turbulent flow)

.. 2593 Darcy Weisach

(major Losses)
L D 2.13 2

2.13
1. dP dP.
2. (shear stess;

2.27

36

Darcy Weisbach

C
2.27 2.28

......2.28

2.29

g 2.29
.......2.30
2.30 2

.......2.31

f =

(friction factor)

2.31 Darcy
Weisbach

(velocity head)
(dimensional analysis)

..2.32

(relative roughness)

37

.. 2482 Colebrook White

......2.33
..2487 Lewis F. Moody
2.13 4
1. (
) f
.....2.34
2. (critical zone)

3. (transition zone)

4000

2.33 Colebrook Write

4. (complete turbulent) (rough pipes)

2.14 Moody
2.7

38

2.7

(riveted steel)
(concrete)
(wood stave)
(cast iron)
(galvanized iron)
(asphalted cast iron)
(commercial steel or wrought iron)
(drawn tubing)
(PVC : Polyvinyl - Chloride)

(mm)
0.9-9
0.3-3
0.18-0.9
0.25
0.15
0.12
0.046
0.0015
0.0015

2.6.. (type stilling basins and energy dissipators)

U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
(1987) 5
2.6.1 1 (basin type I)


Fr1 1.7-2.5

2.15 Basin type I

39

2.6.2 2 (basin type II)

chute block dentated sill
2.16 () Fr 4.5
V1 50 ft/s
(y2 T.W.) 2.16 () ()

() y2

()

2.16 basin type II

2.6.3 3 (Basin type III)

2 40% baffle
blocks chute block end sill 2.17 ()

40

V1
50-60 ft/s Fr1 4.5
cavitation baffle piers

2.17 Basin type III

41

2.6.4 4 (basin type IV)

Fr1 2.5-4.5
(outlet work) (diversion work)

2.18

2.18 basin type IV

42

2.6.5 5 (basin type V)

y2
4 2.19

2.19
Kindsvater
(1994)

K 2.20

2.20 shape factor K

43

3

4139 ()- ( ) .
30+025-.30+100


3.1 4139 ()- ( )

3.1

3.2

44

3.1

45

3.2



3.3

3.3
3.4

46

3.4 33
3.5 Interceptor Ditch Berm
Shotcrete Interceptor Ditch
Ditch Lining
3.5

3.5 Interceptor
3.6 (Stepped drain chute)

47

3.6
3.7 (Stepped drain chute)


(Stepped drain chute)
(Stepped drain
chute)

3.7

48

4.1








4.1

4.1
4.2 (Stepped drain chute)
(Stepped drain chute)
16.30

49

4.2

4.2
4.3
21
() 0.012 ../
() 21
HDPE 0.00

Z1+ P1 + V1

2g

P1

P2

Z2 + P2 + V2 + HL

V1 = 0

2g

50

HL = = (Hf)+(H
m)
2

Z1 - Z2 =

V2
2g

+ Hf + Hm
2

2
Z1 - Z2 = 1 + f L+ ki V
2g

2gH

V2 =

.4.1
1+f

V = Q/A

L
D

+ ki

2gH

Q = 0.785D2 1 + f

L
D

+ ki

.4.2

H = 21.00 .
L = 54.00 .
Ki = 0.8
f = 0.015 ( Moody diagram)
D = 0.102 .
4.1 4.2
V = ((2X9.81X21)/(1+0.015(54/0.102)+0.8)) = 6.50 /
Q = 0.785X0.1022 ((2X9.81X21)/(1+0.015(54/0.102)+0.8))
= 0.053 ../ 0.012 ../ FS = 4.41

51

4.3 HDPE
4.4 (Interceptor Ditch)
Berm Shotcrete Interceptor Ditch
Ditch Lining

Interceptor Ditch HDPE
Interceptor Ditch



HDPE
HDPE
110 .

HDPE Interceptor Ditch

HDPE

HDPE

4.4

 4.5

52

 4.6

53

54

Interceptor Ditch
(Shotcrete Slope Protection )
Interceptor Ditch 6
Ditch Lining
Rational
..4.3
QR = 0.278 CIA
QR (../)
C
I (./.)
A (..)
(I) 5 (
) TC
TC = ((0.87L3)/H)0.385
L = (.)
H = . (.)
TC (I) I 170 ./.
Interceptor Ditch
1 +4.00
Interceptor Ditch ( 1 )
C = 0.40
I = 170 ./.
A = 0.004x0.035 = 0.00014 .. ( 4.5 )
QR = 0.278X0.40X170X0.00014 = 0.0026 ../
HDPE
2

Z1+ P1 + V1

2g

P1

P2

Z2 + P2 + V2 + HL

2g

V1 = 0

HL = = (Hf)+(H

m)

55
2
Z1 - Z2 = V 2 + Hf + Hm

2g

Z1 - Z2 = 1 + f

L+ ki
D

2g

2gH

V2 =
1+f
V = Q/A

V2

L + ki
D

2gH

Q = 0.785D2 1 + f

L
D

+ ki

H = 4.00 .
L = 15.00 .
Ki = 0.8
f = 0.015 ( Moody diagram)
D = 0.050 .

V = ((2X9.81X4)/(1+0.015(15/0.05)+0.8)) = 3.39 /
Q = (0.785X0.052) ((2X9.81X4)/(1+0.015(15/0.05)+0.8))
= 0.0036 ../ 0.0026 ../
FS = 1.38

56

NR
f

V
Qsum

STORM DRAINAGE: CALCULATION

Tc=

H =ST*L*1000

Peak Runoff (Q1)

(0.87*L3/H)

Q1 = 0.278 x CIA

ST

Tc

Yard Area

(km)

(%/100)

(m)

(s)

(km2)

(mm/hr)

Land Plot

VD/

VD=seq(2*g*h/

QD=3.14*/

Qsum

Moody

(1.5+f(l/d))

4(D)^2*VD

(m3/s)

(m3/s)

(m3/s)

(m)

(m)

(m)

dia.

VD(m/s)

QD(m3/s)

55.00

0.05

46.00

372,682.126

0.01

8.497

0.017

3.28

50.00

0.05

39.00

357,765.154

0.01

8.157

0.016

3.65

43.00

0.063

30.00

464,668.632

0.01

8.408

0.026

1.85

32

0.05

21.00

316,745.721

0.01

7.222

0.014

3.31

25

0.05

12.5

269,409.548

0.01

6.143

0.012

2.50

Catchment Area C1

0.0046

170.00

0.390

0.0848

Catchment Area C2

0.00049

170.00

0.390

0.0090

0.0045

Catchment Area B1

0.00003

170.00

0.800

0.0011

0.0006

0.0051

0.00010

170.00

0.800

0.0036

0.0036

0.0036

0.00002

170.00

0.800

0.0008

0.0008

Catchment Area B2

0.0080

0.005

0.040

0.012

Catchment Area B3
4

0.00017

170.00

0.800

0.0063

0.0021

Catchment Area B5

0.00003

170.00

0.800

0.0012

0.0004

0.0025

Catchment Area A8

0.00033

170.00

0.400

0.0062

0.0021

0.0046

Catchment Area C3

0.00156

170.00

0.390

0.0288

0.0096

0.0142

0.00018

170.00

0.800

0.0068

0.0023

0.0023

0.00003

170.00

0.800

0.0011

0.0004

0.0026
0.0043

0.018

0.008

0.144

0.0193

Catchment Area A9

0.012

0.004

0.048

0.018

0.00026

170.00

0.400

0.0049

0.0016

Catchment Area B8

0.008

0.008

0.064

0.0103

0.00018

170.00

0.800

0.0068

0.0034

0.0034

Catchment Area A1

0.150

0.45

66.90

0.021

0.00015

170.00

0.400

0.0028

0.0014

0.0048
0.0012

Catchment Area A2

0.00013

170.00

0.400

0.0025

0.0012

Catchment Area A3

0.150

0.45

66.90

0.021

0.00007

170.00

0.400

0.0012

0.0006

0.0018

Catchment Area A11

0.012

0.004

0.048

0.018

0.00013

170.00

0.400

0.0024

0.0012

0.0030

0.00011

170.00

0.400

0.0021

0.0007

0.0007

0.00001

170.00

0.400

0.0003

0.0001

0.0008

Catchment Area A12

0.00024

170.00

0.400

0.0045

0.0015

0.0023

Catchment Area A6

0.0002

170.00

0.400

0.0038

0.00012

170.00

0.400

0.0023

0.00159

170.00

0.770

0.0579

0.00063

170.00

0.400

0.0119

0.00016

170.00

0.400

0.0030

0.2561

Catchment Area A4
Catchment Area A5

Catchment Area A13

0.050

0.012

0.45

0.004

22.30

0.048

0.009

0.018

Catchment Area D1
10

0.0044

Catchment Area B4

Catchment Area B7

0.0045

0.0021

Catchment Area B6

Catchment Area A14

Catchment Area A15

0.015

0.0026

0.039

0.026

FS

Capacity full

Q1

Line
L

Velocity full

50

57

STORM DRAINAGE: CALCULATION

Tc=

H =ST*L*1000

Line
Land Plot

(0.87*L3/H)

ST

Tc

(km)

(%/100)

(m)

(s)

Qsum

Peak Runoff (Q1)

Q1 = 0.278 x CIA
Yard
Area
(km2)

(mm/hr)

VD/

VD=seq(2*g*h/

QD=3.14*/

Moody

(1.5+f(l/d))

4(D)^2*VD

(m3/s)

(m3/s)

(m3/s)

(m)

(m)

(m)

dia.

VD(m/s)

QD(m3/s)

16

0.05

18

380,191

0.01

8.668

0.017

3.35

22

0.06

35

648,155

0.01

11.729

0.037

1.29

19

0.05

30

462,208

0.01

10.538

0.021

3.22

16

0.05

24

439,007

0.01

10.009

0.020

4.07

0.05

10

348,926

0.01

7.956

0.016

5.13

0.05

256,201

0.01

5.841

0.011

2.50

0.0848

Catchment Area C2

0.00049

170.00

0.390

0.0090

0.0045

Catchment Area B1

0.00003

170.00

0.800

0.0011

0.0006

170.00

0.800

0.0036

0.00002

170.00

0.800

0.0008

Catchment Area B4

0.00017

170.00

0.800

0.0063

0.0042

Catchment Area B5

0.00003

170.00

0.800

0.0012

0.0008

0.0050

Catchment Area A8

0.00033

170.00

0.400

0.0062

0.0042

0.0092

Catchment Area C3

0.00156

170.00

0.390

0.0288

0.0192

0.0283

Catchment Area A9

0.018

0.008

0.144

0.0193

0.012

0.004

0.048

0.018

0.00018

170.00

0.800

0.0068

0.0034

0.0034

0.00003

170.00

0.800

0.0011

0.0006

0.0040

0.00026

170.00

0.400

0.0049

0.0025

0.0064
0.0034

0.008

0.008

0.064

0.0103

0.00018

170.00

0.800

0.0068

0.0034

Catchment Area A1

0.150

0.45

66.90

0.021

0.00015

170.00

0.400

0.0028

0.0014

0.0048
0.0012

Catchment Area A2

0.00013

170.00

0.400

0.0025

0.0012

Catchment Area A3

0.150

0.45

66.90

0.021

0.00007

170.00

0.400

0.0012

0.0006

0.0018

Catchment Area A11

0.012

0.004

0.048

0.018

0.00013

170.00

0.400

0.0024

0.0012

0.0030

Catchment Area A4
0.050

0.45

22.30

0.009

Catchment Area A12

Catchment Area A6
Catchment Area A13

0.012

0.004

0.048

0.018

Catchment Area D1
10

0.0042

Catchment Area B8

Catchment Area A5

0.0051

0.00010

Catchment Area B7

0.0045

Catchment Area B3

Catchment Area B6

0.012

Catchment Area A14

Catchment Area A15

0.015

0.0026

0.039

0.026

FS

0.390

0.040

Capacity
full

170.00

0.005

Velocity full

Qsum

0.0046

####

Catchment Area C1

Catchment Area B2

NR

Q1

0.00011

170.00

0.400

0.0021

0.0014

0.0014

0.00001

170.00

0.400

0.0003

0.0002

0.0016

0.00024

170.00

0.400

0.0045

0.0030

0.0046

0.0002

170.00

0.400

0.0038

0.00012

170.00

0.400

0.0023

0.00159

170.00

0.770

0.0579

0.00063

170.00

0.400

0.0119

0.00016

170.00

0.400

0.0030

0.2561

51

58

4.7 HDPE (Interceptor Ditch)

4.5 (Stepped drain chute)
3
0.60 0.60 0.60
2.00 0.253 ../
16.30






10

59

4. HDPE


HDPE

60

A
ZA = 7.0

5

() 2.19

V2A/2g+ZA = V12/2g+y1
VA = 0 V1 = q/y1
Trial & Error y1

q 1 0.23/0.6=0.383 m3

0 + 7 = (0.383/y1)2/(2x9.81)+y1
y1
= 0.0335
7
= 6.69

61

V1

= 11.43 /

Kindsvater(1994)

Fr1

= V1/gy1

Fr1 = 11.433/(9.81x0.0335) = 19.98 k 2.20 tan 38.65 =

0.79 k = 0

y2
y1

=2 cos 38.65

8(19.98)2 cos338.65+1-1
1-2 (0) (tan 38.65)

y2 = 0.81
5 L 1
Fr1 L 2.15
L/y2 = 5.25
L = 5.25x0.81 = 4.45

0.268 ./ 0.81
1.00 3.00 8.00
(L = 4.45 ) 24 ..


0.15 . 0.10 .
SR-24
fc = 173 ksc
fc = 65 ksc
Vc = 3.81 ksc
fs = 1200 ksc
k = 0.351
Vp = 6.98 ksc
j = 0.883
R = 10.06 ksc
M = (1000X1X0.5)X1/3 = 166 .-. ()

62

50 % M = 249 .- .
MR = 10.06X1.00X72 = 492 .-. M
AS = 249/(1200X0.883X7) = 3.35 2
RB 9 @ 0.20# . ( )
HDPE
2

Z1+ P1 + V1

2g

P1

Z2 + P2 + V2 + HL
2g

P2

V1 = 0

HL = = (Hf)+ (Hm)
2

Z1 - Z2 =

V2
2g

+ Hf + Hm
2

Z1 - Z2 = 1 + f

L+ ki
D

2g

2gH

V2 =
1+f
V = Q/A

V2

L
+
D

ki

2gH

Q = 0.785D2 1 + f LD + ki
H = 10.00 .
L = 21.87 .
Ki = 0.8
f = 0.015 ( Moody diagram)
D = 0.150 .
V = ((2X9.81X10)/(1+0.015(21.87/0.150)+0.8)) = 7.01 /

63

Q = (0.785X0.152 )((2X9.81X10)/(1+0.015(21.87/0.150)+0.8))
= 0.123 ../ 0.268 ../ FS = 0.45
150 . 3 0.123x3 = 0.369
../ FS = 1.37
HDPE 150 .
3 3 150
.

4.9 HDPE 150 .

64

5.1 Interceptor Ditch

65

5.1 HDPE

5.1 70 80 10

1. (
)

5.2
2.

66

(


)

5.3

67

10

GABION







10

5.4

68

5.2 HDPE


10


( 5.4)

2554
HDPE

HDPE

5.3 45




HDPE

HDPE

69

HDPE (DITCH LINING )

HDPE
HDPE
1. 1.
90

2.
3.
2.

4.
5.
6.
60

1. 110 .
1.
20 122 / ( 2.

)
1.
1.
5.4

HDPE
45 5.5

 5.5 HDPE

HDPE

70

71

1. 1
2539
2. . 2
2539
3. . 3
2539
4.
2546
5.
2533
6. 1 2540
7.
2537
2546
8. (-)
9.
2531
10. 2541
11.