Sets-Relations

Ranker

SETS - RELATIONS
1.

Which of the following is not correct?

1) A A c if and only if A
2) A c A if and only if A X , where X is a universal set
3) If A B A C , then B = C
4) A = B is equivalent to A C B C and A C B C
If X and Y are two sets, X Y X c equals
1) X

3.

2) Y

3)

4) X Y
Let F1 be the set of all parallelograms, F2 the set of rectangles, F3 the set of rhombuses,

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2.

F4 the set of squares and F5 the set of trapeziums in a plane then F1 is equal to

1) F2 F3

Let A 1, 2,3, 4 and

1) 2,3, 4

7.

2) 1

9.

4) 1,5, 6

The set A B C A B c C c C c is equal to

1) Bc Cc
2) A C
3) B C c
4) C C C
In a mathematics class, 20 children had forgotten their rulers and 17 had forgotten their
pencils, "Go and borrow them from someone at once", said the teacher, 24 children left
the room, then how many children had forgotten both is
1) 11
2) 12
3) 13
4) 14

C
C
C
C
If n A 23, n A B C 6 , n A C B 9, n A C B 3 then the value

of n A B C is
1) 4
2) 5
8.

3) 5, 6

6.

4) F3 F1

B 2,3, 4,5, 6 , then AB is equal to

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5.

3) F3 F4

4.

2) F2 F3 F4 F1

3) 6

4) 7

n
If X 8 7n 1/ n N and Y 49 n 1 / n N , then

1) X Y
2) Y X
3) X Y
4) X Y
Let R be set of points inside a rectangle of sides a and b a, b 1 with two sides along
the positive direction of x- axis and y-axis and C be the set of points inside a unit circle
centred at origin, then
1) R x, y : 0 x a, 0 y b

2) R x, y : 0 x a, 0 y b

2
2
3) C x, y : x y 1

10.

11.

4) R C R
If X is a finite set. Let P(X) denote the set of all subsets of X and let n(X) denote the
number of elements in X. If for two finite subsets A, B, n(P(A)) = n(P(B))+15 then n(B)
= ........., n(A)=...........
1) 6, 2
2) 8, 4
3) 0, 4
4) 0, 1
In a city, three daily newspapers A, B, C are published. 42% of the people in that city
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12.

13.

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read A, 51% read B and 68% read C. 30% read A and B; 28% read B and C; 36% read A
and C; 8% do not read any of the three newspapers. The percentage of persons who read
all the three papers is
1) 25%
2) 18%
3) 20%
4) 30%
Suppose that the number of elements in the set S is 105 and that S is split into n subsets
11m+2 elements each. If m is an integer, then m is
1) 1
2) 2
3) 3
4) 4
Let S = {1,2,3,4}. The total number of unordered pairs of disjoint subsets of S is equal
to
1) 25

3) 42

A = {x : x2 5x + 6 = 0}

and

B = {x : x2 3x + 6 = 0}
Then, A B ' is equal to (2006)
2) {1, 2, 3}

3) {0, 1, 3}

1) {1, 3}

4) {0, 1, 2, 3}

2x 1

R equals
x R : 3
2
x 4 x 3x

1) R 0

2) R 0,1, 3

3) R 0, 1, 3

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R 0, 1, 3,
2

15.

4) 41

5
4
2
Universal set, U x : x 6 x 11x 0

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14.

2) 34

16.

Let R be the relation over the set of all straight lines in a plane such that l1Rl2 l1 l2 .
Then, R is
1) symmetric
2) reflexive
3) transitive
4) an equivalence

17.

If A x : x 2 5 x 6 0 , B 2, 4 , C 4,5 , then A B C is

2, 4 , 3, 4
3) 2, 4 , 3, 4 , 4, 4
1)

18.

4, 2 , 4,3
4) 2, 2 , 3,3 , 4, 4 , 5,5
2)

If the relation R : A B , where A 1, 2,3 and B 1,3, 5 is defined by

R x, y : x y, x A, y B , then

1) R 1,3 , 1,5 , 2,3 , 2,5 , 3,5

2) R 1,1 , 1,5 , 2, 3 , 3,5

3) R 1 3,1 , 5,1 , 3, 2 , 5,3

4) R 1 1,1 , 5,1 , 3, 2 , 5,3

19.

Let A 1, 2,3 and R 2, 2 , 3,1 , 1, 3 , then the relation R on A is

1) reflexive
2) symmetric
3) transitive
4) None of these

20.

If a relation R is defined on the set Z of integers as follows a, b R a 2 b 2 25

Then, Domain (R) =
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1) 3, 4,5

Ranker

2) 0,3, 4,5

3) 0, 3, 4, 5

4) 0, 5

21.

Let R 2,3 , 3, 4 be relation defined on the set of natural numbers. The minimum
number of ordered pairs required to be added in R so that enlarged relation becomes an
equivalence relation is
1) 3
2) 5
3) 7
4) 9

22.

The minimum number of elemetns that must be added to the relation R 1, 2 , 2,3
on the set of natural numbers so that it is an equivalence is
1) 4
2) 7
3) 6
4) 5
Let N denote the set of all natural numbers and R a relation on N N . Which of the
following is an equivalence relation?

23.

1) a, b R c, d if ad b c bc a d

3) a, b R c, d if ad bc
4) All the above
If R is a relation from a finite set A having m elements to a finite set B having n elemetns,
then the number of relations from A to B is
1) 2mn
2) 2mn 1
3) 2mn
4) mn

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24.

2) a, b R c, d if a d b c

Let S be the set of all real numbers. Then the relation R a, b :1 ab 0 on S is

1) Reflexive and symmetric but not transitive
2) Reflexive and transitive but not symmetric
3) Symmetric and transitive but not reflexive
4) Equivalence relation

26.

Which one of the following is an elementary symmetric function of x1 , x2 , x3 , x4

RA

25.

1) x1 x2 x3 x2 x3 x4
27.

28.

29.

30.

2) x1 x2 x2 x3 x3 x1

3) x12 x2 2 x32 x4 2
4) x1 x2 x1 x3 x1 x4 x2 x3 x2 x4 x3 x4
Let R be the real line. Consider the following subsets of the plane R R
S x, y : y x 1 and 0 <x <2}
T = {(x,y) : x-y is an integer}
Which one of the following is true ?
1) S is an equivalence relation on R but T is not
2) T is an equivalence relation on R but S is not
3) Neither S nor T is an equivalence relation on R
4) Both S and T are equivalence relations on R
Let W denote the words in the English dictionary. Define the relation R by
R {(x, y) W W | the words x and y have atleast one letter in common}
Then R is
1) reflexive, symmetric and not transitive 2) reflexive, symmetric and transitive
3) reflexive, not symmetric and transitive 4) not reflexive, symmetric and transitive
Let R = {(3, 3), (6, 6), (9, 9), (12, 12), (6, 12), (3, 9), (3, 12), (3, 6)} be a relation on the
set A = {3, 6, 9, 12}. The relation is
1) reflexive and symmetric only
2) an equivalence relation
3) reflexive only
4) reflexive and transitive only
Let R {(1,3),(4,2),(2,4),(2,3),(3,1)} be a relation on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4}. The relation
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R is
1) a function

2) transitive

3) not symmetric

4) reflexive

Key & Hints

2.

Ans :(3)
Ac satisfies (1) and (2) by definition, (4) also follows trivially..
Assuming A to be any set other than the empty set, also B = A and C , we have
AB A AC
But B C , So (3) is incorrect
Ans :(3)
According to De Morgan's Law, we have

X Y X X Yc Xc

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1.

X X c Yc

Ans :(2)
Since every rectangle, rhombus and square is a parallelogram so

3.

F1 F2 F3 F4 F1

Ans :(4)

4.

A
B

AB x : x B or x A

Ans :(3)

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5.

A B C A Bc C c

Cc

= A B C Ac B C C c
A AC B C C C

B C C C = B C
C

6.

Ans :(3)
n(R)=20, n(P)=17
n R P 24
n R P 20 17 24 13

7.

Ans :(4)
n A B C 23 6 9 3 5

8.

Ans :(1)
We have ,
n

8n 7n 1 7 1 7n 1

n C2 72 n C3 73 ... n Cn 7n
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49

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n C2 n C3 7 ... n Cn 7n 2 for n 2

49 Integer X Y

9.

Ans :(2)
Since, R denotes the set of points inside the rectangle of sides a and b for both a & b >
1, then
R x, y : 0 x a, 0 y b

10.

Ans :(3)
Let n A m, n B n
n P A 2m , n P B 2n

2m 2n 15 m 4;n 0

11.

Ans :(1)
Let the no. of persons in the city be 100.
Then we have

n A 42, n B 51, n C 68 ;

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n P A n P B 15

n A B 30, n B C 28, n A C 36

n A B C 100 8 92

Using n A B C n A n B n A B

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n B C n A C n A B C

Substituding the above values, we have

92 42 51 68 30 28 36 n A B C
n A B C 92 161 94
n A B C 92 67 25

12.

Ans :(3)
Number of elements in each set = 11m+2
Number of elements in n subsets = n(11m+2)
n 11m 2 105 21 5 3 7 5

n 3 11m 2 35 m 3

13.

Ans: (4)
Required number

14.

34 1
41
2

Ans: (3)
U x : x 5 6 x 4 11x 3 6 x 2 0 0,1, 2,3

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A x : x 2 5x 6 0 2, 3

and B x : x 2 3x 2 0 2,1

A B' U A B

0,1, 2, 3 2 0,1,3

15.

Ans: (3)

Let A x R :

2x 1

2
x 4 x 3x
3

Now, x 3 4 x 2 3 x x x 2 4 x 3
x x 3 x 1

16.

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A R 0, 1, 3

Ans: (1)
Clearly, R is not a reflexive relation, because a line cannot be perpendicular to itself.
Let l1Rl2 , Then

l1Rl2 l1 l2
l2 l1
l2 Rl1

R is a symmetric relation.

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17.

R is not a transitive relation, because if

l1 l2 and l2 l3 , then l1 may be parallel to l3 .
Ans: (1)
We have, A 2,3 , B 2, 4 and C 4,5
B C 4

A B C 2, 4 , 3, 4

18.

Ans: (1)

19.

Since, R x, y : x y, x A, y B
i.e. R contains all those pairs for which the first number from the set A is less than the
second from the set B.
Ans: (2)
Not Reflexive
As all like pairs are not there.
Symmetric but not Transitive
As (3, 1) and (1, 3) R but (3, 3) R 26. We have a, b R a 2 b 2 25
Clearly,

and

b 25 a 2
a 0 b 5
a 3 b 4
a 4 b 3
a 5 b 0
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Ans: (3)
We have a, b R a 2 b 2 25
Clearly,

21.

22.

b 25 a 2
a 0 b 5
a 3 b 4
a 4 b 3
a 5 b 0

and
Ans: (4)
To make it reflexive, we need to add (2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4). To make symmetric it requires
(3, 2), (4, 3) to be added. to make transitive (2, 4) and (4, 2) must be added so, the
relation
R = {(2, 2), (3, 3), (4, 4), (2, 3), (3, 2), (3, 4), (4, 3), (2, 4), (4, 2)}
Ans: (2)
Since R 1, 2 , 2,3

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20.

Ranker

i.e. A 1, 2 and B 2,3

Now if R1 is the Reflexive relation, such that
R1 1, 2 , 2, 3 , 1,1 , 2, 2 , 3, 3

23.

2,3 1,1
2,1 3, 2
1,3 3,1

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1, 2

R 3 2, 2
3, 3

has 5 elements
Now, If R2 is both symmetric & reflexive relation, then
R 2 {(1, 2), (2, 3), (1, 1), (2, 2),
(2, 1), (3, 2), (3, 3)}
has 7 elements
Again, R 3 is reflexive, symmetric and transitive all together, then

has 9 elemtns. Starting from 2 elements, therfore the minimum number of elements to
be added is 7.
Ans: (4)
The relation in (A) is reflexive because ab = ba and a b b a , so that
ab b a ba a b . i.e. a, b R a, b .

It is also symmetric because ad b c bc a d , i.e. a, b R c, d , implies

cb d a da c b , i.e. c, d R a, b . Simple computations show that relation (A) is

24.

25.

TRANSITIVE, too, and that the relations in (B) and (C) are also reflexive, symmetric
and transitive.
Ans: (1)
A B will have mn ordered pairs. Each subset of A B will be a relation. The number
of subsets of a set consisting of mn elements will be 2mn .
Ans: (1)
Clearly R is reflexive and symmetric
Transitivity: We observe that 1,1/ 2 R and 1/ 2, 1 R but 1, 1 R because
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1 1 1 0 , not > 0.

26.

So, R is not transitive on R.

Ans: (4)
Numbers of elements of x1 , x2 , x3 , x4 A (say) is
n A 4
Number of elementary functions 4 C2 6

27.

and series sets are given in (4)

Ans: (2)
S x, y ; y x 1, 0 x 2

S is not symmetric
clearly T is an equilence

28.

Ans: (1)
Let x, x have every letter common.
x, x R . Thus R is reflexive

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T x, y : x y is an int eger

Let x, y R thus x, y have atleast one letter is common.

y, x have atleast one letter in common
Thus R is symmetric
cot x = AND, y = NEXT, Z= HER

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29.

then x, y R and y , z R But y , z R

Thus R is not transitive
Ans: (4)
A 3, 6,9,12 and 3,3 , 6, 6 , 9,9 , 12,12 R R is reflexive

6,12 R but 12, 6 R R is not symmetric

3, 6 R, 6,12 R 3,12 R
R is transitive

30.

Ans: (3)

2, 4 , 2,3 R 2 has two images

R is not a reflexive

1,1 R R is not reflexive

2,3 R, 3, 2 R R is not symmteric

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