UT) It's a pleasant warm day. There is a woman sitting on a wooden bench. She is young. '@ Adjectives describe nouns. They have the same form inthe singular and plural 9. a cheap watch — cheap watches © Adjectives go: 2) before nouns. e.g. a clever child b) after the verbs: be, look, smell, sound, feel, taste, seem, appear, become, get, stay, etc. e.g. She is thin. He seems tired. % There are opinion adjectives and fact adjectives. Opinion adjectives such as smart, bad, etc. show what @ person thinks of somebody or something. Fact adjectives such as shor, big, old, ete. give us factual Information about age, siz0, colour, origin, material, etc ORDER OF ADJECTIVES Opinion adjectives go before tact adjectives. e.g. handsome young man ‘© When there are two or more fact adjectives ina sentence. they usually go in the following order: fa big old round white French china plate @ We do not usually use a tong lst of adjectives before a single noun. A noun is usually described by one, two or three adjectives at the most. e.g. an expensive Itallan leather bag bo a Fill in the gaps with the correct adjective trom the list. oud, warm, narrow. dark, hot, strong, tired, old, comfortable, bright, long Itwas a cold, 1) ..dark.. night. There was a 2) wind blowing and it was starting to rain. James was driv ing home after a 3) home. Suddenly, there was a 6) lightning and a 7) storm broke. James' car was 8) day at work and he was ‘The road he was driving along was and winding, but it was the quickest way flash of crash of thunder as the soos DUt RE ut his foot down because he wanted to get home quickly He wanted to sit in his 9) 40) chair by the fire and drink a cup of 14) coffee. QQ} ravine actecues in he correct ondor 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 e.g. an old black telephone a(n) black f old telephone a rectangular / brass | lovely picture frame two white / porcelain / pretty statues come Englioh / old / valuable books a(n) antique | interesting clock ‘a wooden / traditional rocking chair a glass / small / blue dish a(n) English / wooden / old desk a(n) china / oval / lovely platea i no This is a small village. It looks peaceful. There are some lovely old houses. % Adjectives describe nouns (a big car). They have the same form in the singular and plural. e.g. a small nouse — small houses Adjectives go betore nouns. e.g. a beautiful gir They can also be used alone after the verb to be and after verbs such as look, smell, sound, feel. taste, etc. e.g. Jack is tall. You look sad. ‘® There are two kinds of adjectives: opinion adjec- tives (beautiful, good, etc.), which show what a Person thinks of somebody or something, and fact adjectives (long, strong, young, etc.), which give us factual information about age, size, colour, etc. ORDER OF ADJECTIVES © Opinion adjectives go before fact adjectives. ¢.q. a beautiful silk dress ‘© When there are two or more fact adjectives in a sentence, they usually go in the following order: ‘Size Age Shape Colour Origin Material a small old square blue Thai silk scarf # We do not usually have a long list of adjectives, before a single noun. A noun is usually described by one, two or three adjectives at the most. e.g. an expensive Persian silk carpet Fill in the gaps with the correct adjective from the list. lovely, fresh, quiet, cosy, bright, excellent, tall, comfortable The cottage was beautiful. It had a 1) phere. The rooms were small but 2) There was a3) fire burning in the fireplace, and the smell of 4). . f08es filled each room. The old furniture Was in 8) ovrnnnnne ONditiON. The Garden WAS 6) nnn - THLE WEEE 7) orn trees all round the garden and colourful flowers near the cottage. It was very 8) wand peaceful. | didn't want to leave. QB Fill in the correct adjective. oval, caretul, thick, adventurous, long, generous cosy... atmos- Explorers are brave and ......adventturous. Rugby balls aren't round, they're .. 3 Uncle Sam is a very always brings us gifts when he visits us. 4 This book is very fit in my bag. 5. This dress is too to shorten it 6 Ricky isa we man. He Nt doesn't Ineed . driver. You have inherited the following things from your grandmother. Describe them by putting the adjectives in the right order. e.g. a small wooden table 2 some round/ china /beautiul plates | | & 3 a crystal/Venetian/ 4 a(n) gold/ expensive /ting blue /vase | 5 two silver/old/ Aa Candlesticks 6 alr) antique/wooden/ lovely radio | 1a wooden/small/tableenter) A Adjectives (1) Look at the pictures and write a phrase with an adjective and noun. Use these nouns: building, car, cat, chairs, music, power, skirt, weather 1 traditional/madern 2 black/white P O aS 3 hydroelectric/solar 4 classical/pop 5 new/old 6 taliow > 4 long. skirt. sold_ weather, oane > | 2 B Adjectives (1-2) Underline all the adjectives in this description of a hotel. is ® comfortable hotel with its pleasant gardens is ideal for people who want a quiet holiday, yet is only a short distance from the highly popular attractions of the area There are Invely views fram every room. The atmosphere is very friendly, and the staff are always helpful. A holiday here is very good value for money. You can eat your meals at the hotel, where the food tastes marvellous. Or you can of course try some of the excellent local restaurants. C Adjectives used in one position only (3) Look at the notes and write the song titles. Sometimes the adjective comes before the noun, and sometimes you need to use is or are. your sister / elder Your elder. sister, ‘this boy / alone This, boy,. if. alone. the world / asleep my desire / chief my heart / content the thing to remember / main the night / alive secrets / inner the girl for me / only Noasonivy ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS * PAGE 247105 Adjectives (order) 1 Introduction See 1's beautiful sunny weather. Nick has got a big black dog. We can use more than one adjective before a noun. There is usually one correct order. We cannot say sitiny-beautifulweather or sebheek-big deg: 2 Adjectives and nouns We sometimes use two nouns together (see Unit 82). aglass door a computer program Here we use glass like an adjective, to describe the door. When we use another adjective as well (e.g. heavy), it comes before both the nouns. aheavy glass door a useful computer program 3. Word order We order adjectives according to their meaning. This is the normal order: GRour EXAMPLES 1 Opinion (how good?) wonderful, nice, great, awful, terrible Adjectives that say how good 2 Size (how big?) large, small, long, chart, tall and how big come first. 3 Most other qualities quiet, famous, important, soft, wet, Most adjectives come next if they do difficult, fast, angry, warm not belong to another group. 4 Age (how old?) new, old 5 Colour red, blue, green, black 6 Origin (where from?) American, British, French 7 Material (made of?) stone, plastic, steel, paper Some of these are nouns. 8 Type (whatkind?) _an electric kettle, political ‘matters, road transport 9 Purpose (what for?) a bread knife, a bath towel Here are some examples. a smalll green insect (size, colour) Japanese industrial designers (origin, type) 4 wonderful new face cream (opinion, age, purpose) awful plastic souvenirs (opinion, material) 4 long boring train journey (size, quality, type) some nice easy quiz questions (opinion, quality, purpose) a beautiful wooden picture frame (opinion, material, purpose) ‘We sometimes put commas between adjectives in Groups 1-3 ahorrible, ugly building a busy, lively, exciting city Paci 248 ® ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBSPractice A Adjectives (order) (1-3) Describe the pictures. Use these words: boots, building, car, seat, singer > They're leather. 1 It’s smal. 2 Its old. 3 I's wooden 4 He sings in They're big. Its white, Its attractive, Is for the garden. the opera. Its expensive. He's Italian. He's famaus. aah, qe qs a > big. leather. boots 1 3 2 4 B Adjectives (order) (1-3) Write a list of things to be sold at an auction. basin / sugar, antique, silver on. cocbique, silver suger. basin. vase / glass, old, lovely mirror / wall, attractive desk / modern, office chairs / kitchen, red, metal boat / model, splendid, old stamps / postage, valuable, Australian table / small, coffee, wooden Nowsonay C Adjectives (order) (1-3) Look at each advertisement and write the information in a single sentence. > This game is new. It’s for the family. And it’s exciting, This is an exciting new family game. 1 This computer is for business. It's Japanese. And it's powerful. 2 This fire is electric. It’s excellent. And it’s small. 3. This is a chocolate bar. It's new. And it’s a big bar. 4 This comedy is American. It's for television. And it's terrific. 5 These doors are aluminium. They're for your garage. And they're stylish. 6 These shoes are modern. They're for sports. And they're wonderful. 7 This phone is a mobile. It's German. And it's very good. ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS + PAGE 249